Cable unfolding disc for cable-stayed bridge

Abstract

The cable unfolding disc comprises a base, a rotating mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a reducing mechanism, the base is vertically arranged, the interior of the base is hollow, and the top face of the base is open; the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating bearing seat, a rotating shaft and a rotating disc; the rotating bearing seat is vertically arranged in the middle in the base, and the upper part of the rotating bearing seat upwards extends out of the top surface of the base; the rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the interior of the rotating bearing seat; the middle part of the turntable is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the rotating shaft; the reducing mechanism is vertically arranged on the top surface of the turntable; the supporting mechanism is arranged on the top face of the rotary disc and circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the reducing mechanism, and the supporting mechanism is movably connected with the reducing mechanism. The cable unfolding stability can be guaranteed in the cable unfolding process of the stay cable disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cable-stayed bridges, and particularly relates to a cable unfolding disc for a cable-stayed bridge. Background Art

[0002] A cable-stayed bridge is a structural system composed of a compression tower, tension cables, and a bending beam. It can be regarded as a multi-span elastic support continuous beam with cables replacing piers. This structural system can reduce the bending moment in the beam body, lower the construction height, reduce the structural weight, and save materials. Therefore, it is widely used in modern bridge construction. The length of the stay cables of large cable-stayed bridges is generally between one hundred and two hundred meters, and the weight of a single cable is between fifteen and twenty-five tons.

[0003] Generally, the stay cables in large cable-stayed bridges are one hundred to two hundred meters long, and the weight of a single cable is fifteen to twenty-five tons. Due to their large specifications, they cannot be wound by ordinary winches. Generally, hoisting equipment such as cranes or winches installed on the bridge towers is used to hoist the cable reel onto the cable unfolding disc. One end of the cable reel is fixed on the cable unfolding disc, and the other end is pulled by the traction equipment to the bridge tower and anchored to the bridge tower by construction workers on the bridge tower.

[0004] During the cable unfolding and traction process, the cable reel will rotate on the cable unfolding disc. The cable unfolding disc will not only be affected by the centrifugal force but also generate a radial force on the cable unfolding disc, causing significant wear and deformation to the rotating mechanism of the cable unfolding disc, reducing its service life. In addition, the stay cables inside the cable reel will be squeezed by the outer stay cables, resulting in loose or deformed arrangement of the stay cables, which will affect the smooth release during the cable unfolding process and may even cause damage to the stay cables.

[0005] In addition, since the cable unfolding discs in the prior art are basically of fixed sizes, and the inner diameters of cable reels of different specifications are not the same, the applicable range is small. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the invention is to provide a cable unfolding disc for a cable-stayed bridge to solve the technical problems put forward in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A cable unfolding disc for a cable-stayed bridge includes a base, a rotating mechanism, a supporting mechanism, and a variable diameter mechanism. The base is vertically arranged with a hollow interior and an open top surface. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating bearing seat, a rotating shaft, and a rotating disc. The rotating bearing seat is vertically arranged in the middle of the base, and its upper part extends upward out of the top surface of the base. The rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and its bottom is rotatably connected to the interior of the rotating bearing seat. The rotating disc is horizontally arranged, and its middle part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the rotating shaft. The variable diameter mechanism is vertically arranged on the top surface of the rotating disc. The supporting mechanism is arranged on the top surface of the rotating disc and circumferentially arranged outside the variable diameter mechanism. The supporting mechanism is movably connected to the variable diameter mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotation mechanism further includes a guide plate and guide wheels; the guide plate is in a circular ring structure, the inner diameter of which is the same as the inner diameter of the base opening, and the outer diameter is larger than the top surface of the base; the guide wheels are arranged on the bottom surface of the turntable, and a plurality of them are arranged circumferentially along the bottom surface of the turntable, and the bottom surface of the guide wheels is in contact with the top surface of the guide plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the support mechanism includes a connecting plate and an elastic component; the connecting plate is in a vertically arranged arc-shaped plate structure, and its arc surface faces the center direction of the turntable; the elastic component includes a butting plate, a first foot plate, a second foot plate, and a mounting plate; the butting plate is arranged vertically corresponding to the connecting plate and is located outside the connecting plate; one ends of the first foot plate and the second foot plate are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the butting plate, and the other ends are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the connecting plate through the mounting plate, and the first foot plate and the second foot plate are radially spaced along the inner side wall of the butting plate; the opposite sides of the mounting plate are close to each other; the connection ends of the first foot plate and the second foot plate with the butting plate are provided with a first bending portion, and the connection ends of the first foot plate and the second foot plate with the mounting plate are provided with a second bending portion.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of the support mechanisms are arranged circumferentially.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameter-changing mechanism includes a lead screw bearing seat, a lead screw, a lead screw nut, a sleeve, and an adjusting component; the lead screw bearing seat is vertically and fixedly arranged in the middle of the turntable; the lead screw is arranged vertically, and its bottom is rotatably connected to the lead screw bearing seat; the lead screw nut is fixedly arranged in the sleeve and is respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the sleeve; the sleeve is sleeved on the lead screw through the lead screw nut; a plurality of adjusting components are provided corresponding to the support mechanism, and the plurality of adjusting components respectively connect the support mechanism with the sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjusting component includes a first adjusting plate, a second adjusting plate, an adjusting rod, a connecting rod, and a slider; the first adjusting plate is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the connecting plate; the second adjusting plate is vertically arranged on the outer side wall of the sleeve corresponding to the first adjusting plate; the adjusting rod is respectively vertically arranged at the upper and lower parts of the first adjusting plate and the second adjusting plate, and its two ends extend to both sides; there are two groups of connecting rods, one end of one group of connecting rods is rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting rod located at the upper part of the first adjusting plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the adjusting rod located at the upper part of the second adjusting plate, and one end of the other group of connecting rods is rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting rod located at the lower part of the first adjusting plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the adjusting rod located at the lower part of the second adjusting plate; the slider is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate, and the slider is an inverted T-shaped slider; corresponding to the middle position of the bottom surface of each connecting plate on the top surface of the turntable, there is an inverted T-shaped slot adapted to the slider, and the slider can move in the slot.

[0014] Further, it further includes pulleys; the pulleys are vertically arranged on both sides of the slider, and their bottom surfaces are in contact with the top surface of the turntable.

[0015] Further, the variable-diameter mechanism further includes a handwheel; the handwheel is fixedly sleeved on the top surface of the lead screw.

[0016] Further, it further includes a braking mechanism; the braking mechanism includes a brake disc, a brake rod, a braking member, a brake arm, a fixing block, and a spring; the brake disc is located inside the base, and a middle part of it is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft; the brake rods are vertically arranged on the top surface of the brake disc, and a plurality of them are circumferentially arranged; one end of the brake arm is rotatably connected to the brake rod; the braking member has an arc-shaped plate structure, and one side of its arc surface is fixedly connected to the other end of the brake arm, and there is a gap between the arc surface and the inner wall of the base; the fixing block is vertically arranged on the brake disc; one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the fixing block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the other side of the arc surface of the braking member.

[0017] Further, a friction area is provided on the inner side wall of the base corresponding to the position of the braking member; a friction layer is provided on the back surface of the braking member.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0019] 1. By setting the support mechanism, when unrolling the cable, the first foot plate, the second foot plate, their first bending parts and second bending parts of the support mechanism can elastically bend, absorb impact energy, support the radial force generated by the cable reel, prevent the arrangement of the stay cables from being loose or deformed, and at the same time can convert the concentrated load into a distributed load, reducing the risk of local stress concentration; in addition, during the cable unrolling process, the first foot plate and the second foot plate can also generate a certain offset along the rotation path of the rotating mechanism, absorb the deviation force generated when the cable reel rotates, and ensure the smooth progress of the cable unrolling.

[0020] 2. By setting the variable-diameter mechanism, the sleeve moves on the lead screw through the lead screw nut, so that the connecting rod drives the connecting plate to move on the turntable, adjusting the diameter of the circular structure formed by the connecting plates in multiple support mechanisms, thereby realizing variable diameter and adapting to cable reels with different diameters, improving the scope of application.

[0021] 3. By setting the braking mechanism, when the cable unrolling speed is too fast, it can decelerate the rotating mechanism, prevent the cable throwing accident caused by the out-of-control rotation speed, and ensure safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the turntable of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the support mechanism and the diameter-changing mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the elastic component and the adjustment component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the lead screw of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the braking mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] In the drawings, 1 - base; 11 - friction area;

[0031] 2 - rotating mechanism; 21 - rotating bearing seat; 22 - rotating shaft; 23 - turntable; 231 - slotted opening; 24 - guide plate; 25 - guide wheel;

[0032] 3 - support mechanism; 31 - connecting plate; 32 - elastic component; 321 - abutting plate; 322 - first foot plate; 323 - second foot plate; 324 - mounting plate; 325 - first bending part; 326 - second bending part;

[0033] 4 - diameter-changing mechanism; 41 - lead screw bearing seat; 42 - lead screw; 43 - lead screw nut; 44 - sleeve; 45 - adjustment component; 451 - first adjustment plate; 452 - second adjustment plate; 453 - adjustment rod; 454 - connecting rod; 455 - slider; 456 - pulley; 46 - hand wheel; 47 - fixed rod; 48 - fixing plate;

[0034] 5 - braking mechanism; 51 - brake disc; 52 - brake rod; 53 - braking member; 531 - friction layer; 54 - brake arm; 55 - fixed block; 56 - spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following preferred embodiments are cited with reference to the accompanying drawings for further detailed description of the present invention. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for enabling the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0036] As Figure 1-8As shown in the figure, a cable spreading disc for a cable-stayed bridge includes a base 1, a rotating mechanism 2, a supporting mechanism 3, and a variable diameter mechanism 4. The base 1 is vertically arranged with a hollow interior and an open top surface. The rotating mechanism 2 includes a rotating bearing seat 21, a rotating shaft 22, and a turntable 23. The rotating bearing seat 21 is vertically arranged in the middle of the base 1, and its upper part extends upward out of the top surface of the base 1. The rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and its bottom is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating bearing seat 21. The turntable 23 is horizontally arranged, and its middle part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the rotating shaft 22. The variable diameter mechanism 4 is vertically arranged on the top surface of the turntable 23. The supporting mechanism 3 is arranged on the top surface of the turntable 23 and is circumferentially arranged outside the variable diameter mechanism 4. The supporting mechanism 3 is movably connected to the variable diameter mechanism 4. The cable-stayed bridge cable disc is placed outside the supporting mechanism 3. The outside of the supporting mechanism 3 abuts against the inner side of the cable disc. The variable diameter mechanism 4 adjusts according to the inner diameter of different cable-stayed cable discs, so that the supporting mechanism 3 stably supports the inner wall of the cable disc. When spreading the cable-stayed cable, the cable-stayed cable is led out, driving the turntable 23 to rotate on the rotating shaft 22.

[0037] The rotating mechanism 2 further includes a guide plate 24 and guide wheels 25. The guide plate 24 is a circular ring structure with an inner diameter the same as the opening inner diameter of the base 1 and an outer diameter larger than the top surface of the base 1. The guide wheels 25 are arranged on the bottom surface of the turntable 23, and a plurality of them are arranged circumferentially along the bottom surface of the turntable 23. The bottom surface of the guide wheels 25 contacts the top surface of the guide plate 24. When the turntable 23 rotates, the guide wheels 25 at the bottom can move on the guide plate 24 along the rotation path of the turntable 23, forming an annular track constraint to prevent the turntable 23 from shifting and ensuring the movement stability of the turntable 23.

[0038] The described support mechanism 3 includes a connecting plate 31 and an elastic component 32; the connecting plate 31 is a vertically arranged arc-shaped plate structure, and its arc surface faces the center direction of the turntable 23; the elastic component 32 includes a contact plate 321, a first foot plate 322, a second foot plate 323, and a mounting plate 324; the contact plate 321 is arranged vertically corresponding to the connecting plate 31 and is located outside the connecting plate 31; one ends of the first foot plate 322 and the second foot plate 323 are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the contact plate 321, and the other ends are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the connecting plate 31 through the mounting plate 324, and the first foot plate 322 and the second foot plate 323 are arranged at intervals in the radial direction along the inner side wall of the contact plate 321; the opposite sides of the mounting plate 324 are close to each other; the connection ends of the first foot plate 322 and the second foot plate 323 with the contact plate 321 are provided with a first bending portion 325, and the connection ends of the first foot plate 322 and the second foot plate 323 with the mounting plate 324 are provided with a second bending portion 326. The outer side wall of the contact plate 321 of the elastic component 32 abuts against the inner wall of the cable reel. When deploying the cable, the first foot plate 322, the second foot plate 323, and their first bending portion 325 and second bending portion 326 undergo elastic bending, absorb the impact energy, support the radial force generated on the cable reel, and the bending portions of the foot plates prevent the stay cables from being arranged loosely or deformed. At the same time, the concentrated load can be converted into a distributed load, reducing the risk of local stress concentration; in addition, during the cable deployment process, the first foot plate 322 and the second foot plate 323 can also generate a certain offset along the rotation path of the rotating mechanism 2 to absorb the biasing force generated when the cable reel rotates.

[0039] A plurality of the support mechanisms 3 are provided circumferentially, and the connecting plates 31 of the plurality of support mechanisms 3 form a circular structure. The plurality of support mechanisms 3 can support all positions on the inner wall of the cable reel, further ensuring the stability during the stay cable deployment.

[0040] The variable diameter mechanism 4 includes a lead screw bearing seat 41, a lead screw 42, a lead screw nut 43, a sleeve 44, and an adjustment assembly 45. The lead screw bearing seat 41 is vertically fixed in the middle of the turntable 23. The lead screw 42 is vertically arranged, with a thread in the middle and connecting parts at the upper and lower parts. The connecting part at its bottom is rotatably connected to the lead screw bearing seat 41. The lead screw nut 43 is fixedly arranged in the sleeve 44 and is respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the sleeve 44. The sleeve 44 is sleeved on the lead screw 42 through the lead screw nut 43. A plurality of adjustment assemblies 45 are provided corresponding to the support mechanism 3, and the plurality of adjustment assemblies 45 respectively connect the support mechanism 3 and the sleeve 44. The lead screw 42 can rotate on the lead screw bearing seat 41. When the lead screw 42 rotates, the lead screw nut 43 drives the sleeve 44 to move up and down on the lead screw 42, so that the adjustment assembly 45 drives the plurality of support mechanisms 3 to change the diameter. When the inner diameter of the cable reel is larger, the diameter of the circular structure formed by the connecting plates 31 of the support mechanism 3 becomes larger, and vice versa, so that the support mechanism 3 can adapt to the inner diameter sizes of cable reels of different specifications and improve the applicability.

[0041] The adjustment assembly 45 includes a first adjustment plate 451, a second adjustment plate 452, an adjustment rod 453, a connecting rod 454, and a slider 455. The first adjustment plate 451 is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the connecting plate 31. The second adjustment plate 452 is vertically arranged on the outer side wall of the sleeve 44 corresponding to the first adjustment plate 451. The adjustment rods 453 are respectively vertically arranged at the upper and lower parts of the first adjustment plate 451 and the second adjustment plate 452, and their two ends extend to both sides. Two groups of connecting rods 454 are provided. One end of one group of connecting rods 454 is rotatably connected to one end of the adjustment rod 453 located at the upper part of the first adjustment plate 451, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the adjustment rod 453 located at the upper part of the second adjustment plate 452. One end of the other group of connecting rods 454 is rotatably connected to one end of the adjustment rod 453 located at the lower part of the first adjustment plate 451, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the adjustment rod 453 located at the lower part of the second adjustment plate 452. The slider 455 is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate 31, and the slider 455 is an inverted T-shaped slider 455. An inverted T-shaped slot 231 adapted to the slider 455 is provided at the middle position of the top surface of the turntable 23 corresponding to the bottom surface of each connecting plate 31, and the slider 455 can move in the slot 231. When the sleeve 44 moves up and down, the connecting rod 454 pushes the connecting plate 31 through the first adjustment plate 451, and the connecting plate 31 moves outward or inward of the turntable 23 under the limiting action of the slider 455 and the chute, so that the diameter of the circle formed by the connecting plates 31 of the plurality of support mechanisms 3 becomes larger or smaller, realizing the diameter change. And because the lead screw 42 and the lead screw nut 43 have self-locking properties, after the diameter change, it will not be affected by external forces.

[0042] The described diameter-changing mechanism 4 further includes a handwheel 46; the handwheel 46 is fixedly sleeved on the top surface of the lead screw 42. By rotating the handwheel 46, the lead screw 42 is driven to rotate on the lead screw bearing seat 41, which is convenient for adjustment.

[0043] It further includes pulleys 456, which are vertically arranged on both sides of the slider 455, and the top and bottom surfaces thereof are in contact with the inner top and bottom surfaces of the slot 231. Through the pulleys 456, the slider 455 can move stably and smoothly in the slot 231.

[0044] In a further embodiment, the diameter-changing mechanism 4 further includes a fixed rod 47 and a fixed plate 48; the fixed rod 47 is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the top surface of the lead screw bearing seat 41, and a plurality of them are circumferentially arranged; the fixed plate 48 is horizontally arranged on the top surfaces of the plurality of fixed rods 47, and the middle part thereof is rotatably sleeved on the connecting part of the upper part of the lead screw 42 through a bearing. The fixed rod 47 and the fixed plate 48 stably support the lead screw 42.

[0045] It further includes a braking mechanism 5; the braking mechanism 5 includes a brake disc 51, a brake rod 52, a brake member 53, a brake arm 54, a fixed block 55, and a spring 56; the brake disc 51 is located in the base 1, and the middle part thereof is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 22; the brake rod 52 is vertically arranged on the top surface of the brake disc 51, and a plurality of them are circumferentially arranged; one end of the brake arm 54 is rotatably connected to the brake rod 52; the brake member 53 is in an arc plate structure, and the arc surface side thereof is fixedly connected to the other end of the brake arm 54, and there is a gap between the arc surface and the inner wall of the base 1; the fixed block 55 is vertically arranged on the brake disc 51; one end of the spring 56 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 55, and the other end is fixedly connected to the other side of the arc surface of the brake member 53. When deploying the cable, if the cable deployment speed is too fast, causing the cable reel to drive the rotating mechanism 2 to rotate too fast, under the action of centrifugal force, the brake member 53 and the brake arm 54 swing outwards based on the brake rod 52 through the brake arm 54, so that the back surface of the brake member 53 contacts the inner wall of the base 1, and the rotating kinetic energy of the rotating mechanism 2 is consumed through the action of friction, thereby reducing the speed. It can intervene when the cable is suddenly released and accelerated, preventing the cable from flying out due to out-of-control rotation; when the speed drops and the centrifugal force decreases, the spring 56 pulls the brake arm 54 and the brake member 53 to reset, and normal cable deployment can continue.

[0046] A friction area 11 is provided on the inner side wall of the base 1 corresponding to the position of the brake member 53; a friction layer 531 is provided on the back surface of the brake member 53. When the brake member 53 contacts the inner wall of the base 1 due to the action of centrifugal force, the friction layer 531 on the back surface of the brake member 53 contacts the friction area 11 on the inner wall of the base 1 for friction deceleration.

[0047] In a further embodiment, the friction zone 11 is made of high wear-resistant cast iron or carbon fiber composite material to reduce the wear rate during long-term use; the friction layer 531 adopts a composite structure of a rubber matrix and ceramic particles, taking into account both a high friction coefficient and heat dissipation.

[0048] The working mode of the present invention is as follows:

[0049] First, according to the inner diameter of the cable reel, rotate the handwheel 46 of the diameter-changing mechanism 4, drive the sleeve 44 to move up or down along the lead screw 42 through the lead screw nut 43, and make the connecting rod 454 of the adjusting assembly 45 drive the connecting plate 31 to move on the turntable 23, so as to adjust the diameter of the circular structure formed by the connecting plates 31 in the plurality of support mechanisms 3, thereby realizing diameter change, and enabling the abutting plate 321 to closely adhere to the inner wall of the cable reel to form a stable support.

[0050] During the cable deployment process, the stay cable is drawn out, and the first foot plate 322 and the second foot plate 323 and their first bending portions 325 and second bending portions 326 undergo elastic bending to absorb the impact energy and support the radial force generated on the cable reel. The bending portions of the foot plates prevent the stay cable from being arranged loosely or deformed, and at the same time can convert the concentrated load into a distributed load to reduce the risk of local stress concentration; in addition, during the cable deployment process, the first foot plate 322 and the second foot plate 323 can also generate a certain offset along the rotation path of the rotating mechanism 2 to absorb the biasing force generated when the cable reel rotates.

[0051] When the deployment speed of the stay cable is too fast, the brake member 53 and the brake arm 54 swing outward based on the brake rod 52 under the action of centrifugal force, and the back surface of the brake member 53 contacts the inner wall of the base 1, and the rotating mechanism 2 consumes the rotational kinetic energy through the action of friction, thereby reducing the rotational speed; when the rotational speed decreases and the centrifugal force decreases, the spring 56 pulls the brake arm 54 and the brake member 53 to reset, and normal cable deployment can continue.

[0052] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable unfolding disc for a cable-stayed bridge, comprising a base (1), a rotating mechanism (2), a supporting mechanism (3), and a diameter-changing mechanism (4), characterized in that: The described base (1) is vertically arranged, hollow inside, and open at the top surface; the rotation mechanism (2) includes a rotary bearing seat (21), a rotating shaft (22), and a turntable (23); the rotary bearing seat (21) is vertically arranged in the middle of the base (1), and its upper part extends upward out of the top surface of the base (1); the rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and its bottom is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotary bearing seat (21); the turntable (23) is horizontally arranged, and its middle part is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the rotating shaft (22); the variable diameter mechanism (4) is vertically arranged on the top surface of the turntable (23); the support mechanism (3) is arranged on the top surface of the turntable (23) and circumferentially arranged outside the variable diameter mechanism (4), and the support mechanism (3) is movably connected to the variable diameter mechanism (4).

2. The spreading cable disk for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation mechanism (2) further includes a guide plate (24) and guide wheels (25); the guide plate (24) is of an annular structure, its inner diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the opening of the base (1), and its outer diameter is larger than the top surface of the base (1); the guide wheels (25) are arranged on the bottom surface of the turntable (23), and a plurality of them are arranged circumferentially along the bottom surface of the turntable (23), and the bottom surface of the guide wheels (25) is in contact with the top surface of the guide plate (24).

3. The cable unfolding disc for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 1, wherein: The support mechanism (3) includes a connecting plate (31) and an elastic component (32); the connecting plate (31) is of a vertically arranged arc-shaped plate structure, and its arc surface faces the center direction of the turntable (23); the elastic component (32) includes a butting plate (321), a first foot plate (322), a second foot plate (323), and a mounting plate (324); the butting plate (321) is vertically arranged corresponding to the connecting plate (31) and is located outside the connecting plate (31); one ends of the first foot plate (322) and the second foot plate (323) are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the butting plate (321), and the other ends are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the connecting plate (31) through the mounting plate (324), and the first foot plate (322) and the second foot plate (323) are radially spaced along the inner side wall of the butting plate (321); the opposite sides of the mounting plate (324) are close to each other; the connection ends of the first foot plate (322) and the second foot plate (323) with the butting plate (321) are provided with a first bending part (325), and the connection ends of the first foot plate (322) and the second foot plate (323) with the mounting plate (324) are provided with a second bending part (326).

4. A cable unfolding disc for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the support mechanisms (3) are circumferentially arranged.

5. A cable spreading disk for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter-changing mechanism (4) includes a lead screw bearing block (41), a lead screw (42), a lead screw nut (43), a sleeve (44), and an adjusting assembly (45); the lead screw bearing block (41) is vertically fixed in the middle of the turntable (23); the lead screw (42) is vertically arranged, and its bottom is rotatably connected to the lead screw bearing block (41); the lead screw nut (43) is fixedly arranged in the sleeve (44) and is respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the sleeve (44); the sleeve (44) is sleeved on the lead screw (42) through the lead screw nut (43); a plurality of adjusting assemblies (45) are provided corresponding to the support mechanism (3), and the plurality of adjusting assemblies (45) respectively connect the support mechanism (3) and the sleeve (44).

6. The spreading cable disc for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting assembly (45) includes a first adjusting plate (451), a second adjusting plate (452), an adjusting rod (453), a connecting rod (454), and a slider (455); the first adjusting plate (451) is vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the connecting plate (31); the second adjusting plate (452) is vertically arranged on the outer side wall of the sleeve (44) corresponding to the first adjusting plate (451); the adjusting rod (453) is respectively vertically arranged at the upper and lower parts of the first adjusting plate (451) and the second adjusting plate (452), and its two ends extend to both sides; two groups of connecting rods (454) are provided, one end of one group of connecting rods (454) is rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting rod (453) located at the upper part of the first adjusting plate (451), and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the adjusting rod (453) located at the upper part of the second adjusting plate (452), and one end of the other group of connecting rods (454) is rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting rod (453) located at the lower part of the first adjusting plate (451), and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the adjusting rod (453) located at the lower part of the second adjusting plate (452); the slider (455) is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate (31), and the slider (455) is an inverted T-shaped slider (455); an inverted T-shaped slot (231) adapted to the slider (455) is provided at the middle position of the top surface of the turntable (23) corresponding to the bottom surface of each connecting plate (31), and the slider (455) can move in the slot (231).

7. The spreader disk for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 6, characterized in that: It further includes pulleys (456); the pulleys (456) are vertically arranged on both sides of the slider (455), and their bottom surfaces are in contact with the top surface of the turntable (23).

8. A cable spreading disk for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter-changing mechanism (4) further includes a handwheel (46); the handwheel (46) is fixedly sleeved on the top surface of the lead screw (42).

9. The spreader for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a braking mechanism (5); the braking mechanism (5) includes a brake disc (51), a brake rod (52), a braking member (53), a brake arm (54), a fixing block (55), and a spring (56); the brake disc (51) is located inside the base (1), and its middle part is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (22); the brake rods (52) are vertically arranged on the top surface of the brake disc (51) and a plurality of them are circumferentially arranged; one end of the brake arm (54) is rotatably connected to the brake rod (52); the braking member (53) has an arc plate structure, and one side of its arc surface is fixedly connected to the other end of the brake arm (54), and there is a gap between the arc surface and the inner wall of the base (1); the fixing block (55) is vertically arranged on the brake disc (51); one end of the spring (56) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (55), and the other end is fixedly connected to the other side of the arc surface of the braking member (53).

10. A cable unfolding disk for a cable-stayed bridge according to claim 8, characterized in that: A friction area (11) is provided on the inner side wall of the base (1) corresponding to the position of the braking member (53); a friction layer (531) is provided on the back surface of the braking member (53).

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