Over-annulus pressure measuring throwing and fishing tool with guide head and operation method of over-annulus pressure measuring throwing and fishing tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering testing, in particular to an over-annulus pressure measuring throwing and fishing tool with a guide head and an operation method of the over-annulus pressure measuring throwing and fishing tool. Comprising a testing cable, a throwing-fishing device, a weight adjusting module and a control unit, the weight adjusting module is arranged at the upper end of the throwing-fishing device, and the testing cable is arranged at the upper end of the weight adjusting module; the throwing and fishing device comprises a shell, a driving assembly, an elastic assembly, a centralizer, a guide head and a fishing head, the shell is of a hollow structure with an opening in the lower end, the driving assembly, the elastic assembly and the fishing head are arranged in the shell, the centralizer is slidably connected to the side wall of the shell, the guide head is slidably connected to the side wall of the shell, and the fishing head is located on the lower portion in the shell. The guiding head is located on the lower portion of the side wall of the shell. The driving assembly is electrically connected with the control unit. By arranging the centralizer and the guide head, the guiding and positioning effects can be achieved during fishing pressure timing of the throwing and fishing device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil engineering testing, and particularly to an annulus-crossing pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the strong heterogeneity of oil and gas well reservoirs and the large variation of reservoir pressure, it is necessary to frequently monitor the pressure during the production process of oil and gas wells to understand the change of reservoir energy. At present, the fishing type pressure test measurement method is a common pressure measurement method for flowing wells. A pressure gauge is placed and fixed at a certain depth of the oil and gas well by using a wire or a cable, and then the wire or the cable is retrieved. In this measurement method, after the wire or the cable completes the placement of the pressure gauge, it can be withdrawn from the construction site, avoiding the corrosion damage caused by the long-term suspension and immersion of the wire and the cable in the well fluid, and there is no need to occupy the wire, the cable and the ground equipment for a long time, thus improving the equipment utilization rate.

[0003] However, due to the special structure of the pumping eccentric string, there is currently no reliable annulus-crossing pressure gauge fishing device, and only the measurement method of suspending the pressure gauge through the annulus by using a wire or a cable can be adopted, which occupies the wire, the cable and the ground equipment for a long time, and the test cost is high. The wire and the cable are immersed in the well fluid for a long time, which will be eroded by harmful substances, reducing the service life of the wire and the cable, and there is also a possibility of wire and cable breakage due to long-term corrosion damage, resulting in an accident of the test instrument falling into the well. Due to the above difficulties, the long-term annulus-crossing pressure monitoring of pumping wells has been stagnant, seriously affecting the efficient development of oil fields.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an annulus-crossing pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head and an operation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides an annulus-crossing pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head and an operation method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An annulus-crossing pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head, comprising a test cable, a fishing tool, a weight adjustment module and a control unit. The weight adjustment module is arranged at the upper end of the fishing tool, and the test cable is arranged at the upper end of the weight adjustment module.

[0008] The fishing tool includes a housing, a driving component, an elastic component, a centralizer, a guiding head, and a fishing head. The housing is a hollow structure with an open lower end. The driving component, the elastic component, and the fishing head are arranged inside the housing. The centralizer is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing, the guiding head is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing, the fishing head is located in the lower part of the housing, the guiding head is located in the lower part of the side wall of the housing, and the driving component is electrically connected to the control unit;

[0009] The driving component is used to drive the centralizer and the guiding head to close synchronously, and the driving component is also used to drive the guiding head to open;

[0010] The elastic component is used to drive the centralizer to open, and the elastic component is also used to drive the centralizer to contract when a certain extrusion force is applied outside the centralizer.

[0011] Furthermore, a first sliding ring is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing. The first sliding ring is respectively connected to the driving component and the elastic component, and the first sliding ring is rotatably connected to the centralizer.

[0012] Furthermore, the centralizer includes multiple groups of centralizing components and a fixing ring. The fixing ring is sleeved outside the housing, and the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the housing. The centralizing components are arranged on the upper part of the fixing ring, and the centralizing components are rotatably connected to the first sliding ring.

[0013] Furthermore, each group of the centralizing components includes a first support arm, a first centralizing arm, and a second centralizing arm. One end of the first support arm is rotatably connected to the first sliding ring, the other end of the first support arm is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first centralizing arm, one end of the first centralizing arm is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the housing, the other end of the first centralizing arm is rotatably connected to one end of the second centralizing arm, and the other end of the second centralizing arm is rotatably connected to the fixing ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the first sliding ring includes an inner ring, a first outer ring, and multiple first connecting columns. The inner ring and the first outer ring are coaxially arranged, and the first connecting columns are arranged between the inner ring and the first outer ring. The first connecting columns pass through the housing, and the first connecting columns are slidably connected to the side wall of the housing;

[0015] The inner ring is arranged inside the housing, and the inner ring is connected to the driving component and the elastic component. The first outer ring is arranged outside the housing, and the first outer ring is connected to the centralizer.

[0016] Furthermore, the housing is provided with multiple first sliding grooves, the first connecting columns and the first sliding grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the first connecting columns are slidably connected inside the first sliding grooves.

[0017] Further, a second sliding ring is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing. The second sliding ring is connected to the driving assembly and is rotatably connected to the guiding head.

[0018] Further, the guiding head includes a plurality of guiding assemblies and at least two guiding plates. One end of each guiding assembly is rotatably connected to the housing, and the other end of the guiding assembly is connected to the guiding plate. The end of the guiding plate away from the guiding assembly is rotatably connected to the lower end of the housing.

[0019] At least one guiding assembly is connected to each guiding plate.

[0020] Further, each guiding assembly includes a second support arm, a first guiding arm, and a second guiding arm. One end of the second support arm is rotatably connected to the second sliding ring, the other end of the second support arm is rotatably connected to the first guiding arm, the other end of the first guiding arm is rotatably connected to one end of the second guiding arm, and the other end of the second guiding arm is rotatably connected to the guiding plate.

[0021] Further, the second sliding ring includes a second outer ring, an inner slider, and a plurality of second connecting columns. The second outer ring and the inner slider are coaxially arranged, and the second outer ring and the inner slider are connected by the second connecting columns. The second connecting columns pass through the side wall of the housing and are slidably connected to the side wall of the housing.

[0022] The second outer ring is arranged outside the housing and is connected to the guiding head. The inner slider is arranged inside the housing and is connected to the driving assembly.

[0023] Further, a plurality of second sliding grooves are provided on the side wall of the housing, and the second sliding grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second connecting columns. The second connecting columns are slidably connected inside the second sliding grooves.

[0024] Further, the driving assembly includes a motor, a screw rod, and a pull rod. The motor is arranged at the inner top of the housing, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the screw rod, the pull rod is threadedly connected to the outside of the screw rod, the pull rod can only move up and down relative to the screw rod, and the control unit is electrically connected to the motor.

[0025] The pull rod passes through the inner ring; a plurality of clamping grooves are provided on the upper wall of the inner ring along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of clamping blocks are provided on the outer wall of the pull rod along the circumferential direction. The clamping blocks are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping grooves.

[0026] The lower end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the inner slider.

[0027] Further, the elastic component includes a first spring and a support plate. The support plate is fixedly connected inside the housing. The support plate is located below the first slip ring. The first spring is sleeved outside the pull rod. The first spring is located between the support plate and the first slip ring.

[0028] Further, the fishing head includes a body, clamping arms, a torsion spring and a tongue. The body extends into the second slip ring and is slidably connected to the second slip ring. A plurality of the clamping arms are fixedly connected to the lower end of the body. The lower end of the inner side wall of the clamping arm is rotatably connected to the tongue. The tongue is connected to the clamping arm through the torsion spring. A second spring is sleeved on the part of the body located outside the second slip ring. The second spring is located between the second slip ring and the clamping arm.

[0029] The operation method of the annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head as described in any one of the above includes the following steps:

[0030] S1. Drive the motor to rotate through the control unit, so that the pull rod moves downward, and the centralizer and the guide head are closed;

[0031] S2. Set a weight adjustment module with a corresponding weight, connect the set weight adjustment module to the upper end of the fishing tool, and connect a test cable to the upper end of the weight adjustment module;

[0032] S3. Lower the weight adjustment module and the fishing tool into the annulus through the test cable;

[0033] S4. When the lower end of the fishing tool is at a set distance above the wellhead plug, start the motor through the control unit, so that the pull rod moves upward, drive the guide head to open, and the centralizer opens under the action of the first spring;

[0034] S5. Continue to lower the fishing tool through the test cable. When the fishing head contacts the wellhead plug, under the combined gravity of the weight adjustment module and the fishing tool, the tongue receives an upward acting force from the wellhead plug, and finally the tongue catches the small diameter position of the wellhead plug to complete the clamping of the pressure gauge;

[0035] S6. Drive the centralizer and the guide head to close through the control unit, and pull the fishing tool and the pressure gauge upward with the test cable to complete the fishing of the pressure gauge.

[0036] Further, through the following formula, calculate the weight of the weight module set in step S2:

[0037]

[0038] In the above formula, m ρ represents the weight of the weight adjustment module, P represents the wellhead pressure, S is the cross-sectional area of the cable, f is the friction coefficient between the cable and the fishing tool, and g represents the acceleration due to gravity.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] (1) By providing a centralizer and a guide head, the present invention can play a guiding and positioning role when the fishing tool retrieves the pressure gauge. When the fishing tool is deflected, it can ensure safe and reliable docking and retrieval; the guide head is umbrella-shaped. Even if the pressure gauge is deflected, the guide head can still guide the pressure gauge for accurate docking, ensuring the reliable completion of the fishing operation. The guide head is in a closed state when lowered at non-target layers, protecting the fishing head from being contaminated by oil, impurities, etc., and ensuring the effectiveness during the fishing operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the fishing head of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the annulus well where the present invention is located.

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the pressure gauge retrieved by the present invention.

[0046] Description of the reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Test cable; 2. Fishing tool; 21. Outer shell; 22. Screw rod; 23. Motor; 24. Clamping block; 25. Pull rod; 26. Centralizer; 261. First support arm; 262. First centralizing arm; 263. Second centralizing arm; 264. Fixed ring; 265. First sliding ring; 266. First spring; 267. Support plate; 268. Card slot; 27. First fixing bracket; 28. Guide head; 281. Second support arm; 282. First guiding arm; 283. Second guiding arm; 284. Guide plate; 285. Second sliding ring; 29. Fishing head; 291. Second spring; 292. Claw arm; 293. Torsion spring; 294. Tongue; 295. Body; 210. Second fixing bracket; 211. First chute; 212. Second chute; 3. Pumping string; 4. Casing; 5. Swivel head; 6. Pressure gauge; 7. Weight adjustment module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides an annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head, which includes a test cable 1, a fishing tool 2, a weight adjustment module 7 and a control unit. The weight adjustment module 7 is arranged at the upper end of the fishing tool 2, and the weight adjustment module 7 is connected to the test cable 1 at the upper end. According to the fluid in the well, the weight adjustment module 7 with a corresponding weight is set, so that the fishing tool 2 holds the pressure gauge 6 to be fished under its own weight and the weight of the weight adjustment module 7.

[0050] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, the fishing tool 2 includes a housing 21, a driving assembly, an elastic assembly, a centralizer 26, a guide head 28 and a fishing head 29. The driving assembly, the elastic assembly and the fishing head 29 are all arranged inside the housing 21. The centralizer 26 is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing 21, and the guide head 28 is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing 21. The driving assembly drives the centralizer 26 and the guide head 28 to close synchronously, and the driving assembly also drives the guide head 28 to open. The elastic assembly is used to drive the centralizer 26 to open, and the elastic assembly is also used to drive the centralizer 26 to contract within a small range when a certain extrusion force is applied outside the centralizer 26.

[0051] Specifically, the driving assembly includes a motor 23, a screw 22 and a pull rod 25. The housing 21 is provided with a structure with an open lower end and a hollow interior. The motor 23 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the housing 21. The output end of the motor 23 is connected to the screw 22. The external thread of the screw 22 is connected to the pull rod 25. The pull rod 25 is sleeved outside the screw 22. A limiting member is arranged between the pull rod 25 and the inner side wall of the housing 21. The function of the limiting member is to drive the pull rod 25 to move only up and down when the motor 23 rotates.

[0052] More specifically, the side wall of the outer shell 21 is also slidably connected to the first sliding ring 265. The first sliding ring 265 includes an inner ring and a first outer ring. The inner ring and the first outer ring are coaxially arranged. The inner ring is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the outer shell 21, and the first outer ring is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the outer shell 21. A plurality of first connecting columns are fixedly connected between the inner ring and the first outer ring. A plurality of first sliding grooves 211 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the outer shell 21. The first sliding grooves 211 are arranged at positions corresponding to the first sliding ring 265. The first connecting columns of the first sliding ring 265 are respectively slidably connected inside the first sliding grooves 211. The centralizer 26 is movably connected to the outer wall of the first outer ring of the first sliding ring 265. The pull rod 25 passes through the inner ring of the first sliding ring 265. The pull rod 25 is rotatably connected to the inner ring of the first sliding ring 265. A plurality of clamping grooves 268 are provided on the upper wall of the inner ring of the first sliding ring 265. The plurality of clamping grooves 268 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first sliding ring 265. The pull ring is provided with clamping blocks 24 at intervals along the circumferential direction. The clamping blocks 24 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping grooves 268. Figure 1 The part numbered 265 in the figure is the first outer ring of the first sliding ring 265. Figure 2 The part numbered 265 in the figure is the inner ring of the first sliding ring 265.

[0053] The centralizer 26 includes multiple groups of centralizing components and a fixing ring 264. The fixing ring 264 is sleeved outside the outer shell 21. The fixing ring 264 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 21. Preferably, four groups of centralizing components are provided. The centralizing components are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the fixing ring 264. Each group of centralizing components includes a first support arm 261, a first centralizing arm 262, and a second centralizing arm 263. One end of the first support arm 261 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first outer ring of the first sliding ring 265. The other end of the first support arm 261 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first centralizing arm 262. One end of the first centralizing arm 262 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the outer shell 21. The other end of the first centralizer 26 is rotatably connected to one end of the second centralizer 26. The other end of the second centralizer 26 is rotatably connected to the fixing ring 264. First fixing frames 27 are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the outer wall of the outer shell 21. The first centralizing arm 262 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first fixing frame 27.

[0054] The elastic component includes a support plate 267 and a first spring 265. The support plate 267 is fixedly connected inside the housing 21. The support plate 267 is located between the fixed ring 264 and the first sliding ring 265. The pull rod 25 passes through the support plate 267. The pull rod 25 can move up and down relative to the support plate 267. A first spring 266 is sleeved on the outer wall of the pull rod 25. The first spring 266 is located between the support plate 267 and the first sliding ring 265. When the motor 23 is started, the motor 23 drives the screw rod 22 to rotate, so as to drive the pull rod 25 to move downward. During the process, when the clamping block 24 extends into the clamping groove 268, the pull rod 25 will drive the first sliding ring 265 to slide downward, the centralizer 26 closes, and the outer diameter of the fishing tool 2 becomes smaller and can pass through the annulus. At this time, the first spring 266 is compressed. When the fishing tool 2 reaches the specified position, the motor 23 reverses, the pull rod 25 moves upward, the clamping block 24 is separated from the clamping groove 268. After the first sliding ring 265 receives the resilience of the first spring 266, the centralizer 26 opens and the centralizer 26 starts to work.

[0055] More specifically, a second sliding ring 285 is also slidably connected to the side wall of the housing 21. The second sliding ring 285 includes a second outer ring and an inner slider. The second outer ring and the inner slider are coaxially arranged. A plurality of second connecting columns are fixedly connected between the second outer ring and the inner slider. A plurality of second sliding grooves 212 are also provided on the side wall of the housing 21. The second outer ring is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the housing 21, and the inner slider is slidably connected inside the housing 21. The plurality of second connecting columns are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second sliding grooves 212. The second connecting columns are slidably connected inside the second sliding grooves 212. The lower end of the pull rod 25 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the inner slider. The inner slider and the pull rod 25 are coaxially arranged. It should be noted that Figure 1 The component numbered 285 in the figure is the second outer ring of the second sliding ring 285. Figure 2 The component numbered 285 in the figure is the inner slider of the second sliding ring 285.

[0056] The guide head 28 includes multiple groups of guiding components and multiple guiding plates 284. Preferably, four groups of guiding components are provided, and preferably two guiding plates 284 are provided. The guiding components are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the housing 21. Each group of guiding components includes a second support arm 281, a first guiding arm 282, and a second guiding arm 283. One end of the second support arm 281 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second outer ring of the second slip ring 285, and the other end of the second support arm 281 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first guiding arm 282. One end of the first guiding arm 282 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the housing 21, and the other end of the first guiding arm 282 is rotatably connected to one end of the second guiding arm 283. The other end of the second guiding arm 283 is rotatably connected to one end of the guiding plate 284, and the other end of the guiding plate 284 is rotatably connected to the lower end face of the housing 21. The guiding plate 284 is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. Two adjacent guiding components are connected to one guiding plate 284. After the guide head 28 is opened, the guiding plate 284 plays a guiding role for the fishing head 29; on both sides of the outer wall of the housing 21, second fixing frames 210 are respectively fixedly connected, and the first guiding arm 282 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the second fixing frame 210.

[0057] After the pull rod 25 is driven by the motor 23 to move upward, it drives the guide head 28 to open. When the pull rod 25 is driven by the motor 23 to move downward, it drives the centralizer 26 and the guide head 28 to close synchronously.

[0058] The first support arm 261 and the second support arm 281 are respectively connected to the first slip ring 265 and the second slip ring 285 through rotational dampers.

[0059] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, the fishing head 29 includes a body 295, clamping arms 292, a torsion spring 293, and a tongue 294. The body 295 is slidably connected to the lower wall of the inner slider of the second slip ring 285. The body 295 extends into the inner slider of the second slip ring 285. At the same time, a part of the upper part of the body 295 is always located inside the inner slider of the second slip ring 285. Multiple clamping arms 292 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the body 295. The clamping arms 292 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the body 295. The lower end of the inner side wall of the clamping arm 292 is rotatably connected to the tongue 294. The tongue 294 is connected to the clamping arm 292 through a torsion spring 293. The tongue 294 is a steel sheet. A second spring 291 is sleeved on the part of the body 295 located outside the inner slider of the second slip ring 285. The second spring 291 is located between the inner slider of the second slip ring 285 and the clamping arm 292.

[0060] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the pressure gauge 6 to be salvaged by the annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head 28 of the present invention is provided with a bald head 5 at the upper end. The middle part of the bald head 5 has a slightly smaller diameter part. When the lower part of the tongue 294 is stressed, the torsion spring 293 is compressed, causing the tongue 294 to fold upward. When the bald head 5 extends into the inside of the gripper arm 292, the tongue 294 is correspondingly located at the smaller diameter part of the bald head 5. After being subjected to the resilience of the torsion spring 293, the tongue 294 is stuck at the smaller diameter of the bald head 5, so that a plurality of tongues 294 clamp the bald head 5; when the tongue 294 is not subjected to external force, it is perpendicular to the axis of the bald head 5 under the action of the torsion spring 293; the second spring 291 is provided, which can play a buffering role when the fishing head 29 is subjected to external force, and helps to extend the service life of the fishing head 29.

[0061] As Figure 4 shown, a rod pumping string 3 is arranged inside the casing 4, and a sucker rod is slidably connected inside the string. At this time, the space between the rod pumping string 3 and the casing 4 is the annulus, that is, Figure 4 marked as h in the figure. When the pull rod 25 moves downward to drive the centralizer 26 and the guide head 28 to be in a closed state, the maximum outer diameter of the outer wall of the fishing tool 2 is 25.4 mm, and it can pass through the annulus or through a small-diameter string; when the fishing tool 2 reaches a set distance above the bald head 5 and the centralizer 26 and the guide head 28 are opened, the maximum outer diameter of the centralizer 26 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the casing 4 (for Figure 4 marked as H in the figure), so that the centralizer 26 has a certain extrusion force on the inner diameter of the casing 4, ensuring that the fishing tool 2 is in the central position inside the casing 4. When the guide head 28 is opened, it covers 60% of the interface area of the casing 4, ensuring that when the lower pressure gauge 6 or other tools to be salvaged have a small deviation, the fishing head 29 can still be docked with the bald head 5 connected to the pressure gauge 6 to ensure effective docking and fishing. Then, the fishing tool 2 is lowered through the test cable 1, and under the total gravity of the fishing tool 2 and the weight adjustment module 7, the fishing head 29 is docked with and clamped by the bald head 5. During the lowering process after the centralizer 26 is opened, if there are sundries or hard objects on the well wall, when the outer side wall of the centralizer 26 contacts them, it will contract slightly and press down the first spring 266. Therefore, the elastic component is provided so that the centralizer 26 can contract slightly when subjected to external impact, and the first spring 266 is pressed down, and the impact force will not act on the pull rod 25, so that the motor 23 will not be damaged by external extrusion. The first spring 266 will only compress after being squeezed by the hard objects on the well wall or driven by the motor 23. When the centralizer 26 plays a supporting role, the first spring 266 will not compress.

[0062] The control unit is electrically connected to the motor 23.

[0063] The present invention also provides an operation method for an annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head, including the following steps:

[0064] S1. Drive the motor 23 to rotate through the control unit, so that the pull rod 25 moves downward, and the centralizer 26 is closed with the guide head 28;

[0065] S2. Set the weight adjustment module with the corresponding weight according to the fluid concentration in the well, connect the set weight adjustment module to the upper end of the fishing tool 2, and connect the test cable 1 to the upper end of the weight adjustment module. The weight adjustment module is specifically set by the following formula:

[0066]

[0067] In the above formula, m ρ represents the weight of the weight adjustment module, with the unit of kg; P represents the wellhead pressure, with the unit of MPa; S is the cross-sectional area of the cable, with the unit of square meters; f is the friction coefficient between the cable and the fishing tool; g represents the acceleration due to gravity, taking 9.8; considering the buoyancy and friction of the fluid in the well during the process of the fishing tool entering the well, the actual weight of the weight adjustment module should be configured as 1.2 - 1.5 times the calculated value of the above formula.

[0068] S3. Lower the weight adjustment module and the fishing tool 2 into the annulus through the test cable 1;

[0069] S4. When the lower end of the fishing tool 2 is at a set distance above the upper end of the wellhead plug 5, start the motor 23 through the control unit, so that the pull rod 25 moves upward, drive the guide head 28 to open, and the centralizer 26 opens under the action of the first spring 266;

[0070] S5. Continue to lower the fishing tool 2 through the test cable 1. When the fishing head 29 contacts the wellhead plug 5, under the total gravity of the weight adjustment module 7 and the fishing tool 2, the tongue 294 receives an upward force from the wellhead plug 5, and finally the tongue 294 catches the small diameter position of the wellhead plug 5 to complete the gripping of the pressure gauge 6;

[0071] S6. Drive the motor 23 through the control unit, so that the pull rod 25 moves downward, and the centralizer 26 is closed with the guide head 28. Pull the fishing tool 2 and the pressure gauge 6 upward with the test cable 1 to complete the fishing of the pressure gauge 6.

[0072] By setting the centralizer 26 and the guide head 28, the present invention can play a guiding and positioning role when the fishing tool 2 fishes the pressure gauge 6. When the fishing tool 2 is deflected, it can ensure safe and reliable docking and fishing; the guide head 28 is umbrella-shaped. Even if the pressure gauge 6 is deflected, the guide head 28 can still guide the pressure gauge 6 for accurate docking to ensure the reliable completion of the fishing operation. The guide head 28 is in a closed state when lowering to non-target layers, protecting the fishing head 29 from being contaminated by oil, impurities, etc., and ensuring the effectiveness during the fishing operation.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Any simple modification or equivalent replacement made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head, characterized in that, It includes a test cable, a fishing tool, a weight adjustment module and a control unit. The weight adjustment module is arranged at the upper end of the fishing tool, and the test cable is arranged at the upper end of the weight adjustment module. The fishing tool includes a housing, a driving assembly, an elastic assembly, a centralizer, a guiding head and a fishing head. The housing is a hollow structure with an open lower end. The driving assembly, the elastic assembly and the fishing head are arranged inside the housing. The centralizer is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing, the guiding head is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing, the fishing head is located at the lower part inside the housing, the guiding head is located at the lower part of the side wall of the housing, and the driving assembly is electrically connected to the control unit. The driving assembly is used to drive the centralizer and the guiding head to close synchronously, and the driving assembly is also used to drive the guiding head to open. The elastic assembly is used to drive the centralizer to open, and the elastic assembly is also used to drive the centralizer to contract when a certain extrusion force is applied outside the centralizer.

2. The annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first slip ring is slidably connected to the side wall of the housing. The first slip ring is respectively connected to the driving assembly and the elastic assembly, and the first slip ring is rotatably connected to the centralizer.

3. The annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 2, wherein, The centralizer includes multiple groups of centralizing components and a fixing ring. The fixing ring is sleeved outside the housing, and the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the housing. The centralizing components are arranged at the upper part of the fixing ring, and the centralizing components are rotatably connected to the first slip ring.

4. A circulation through annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each group of the centralizing components includes a first support arm, a first centralizing arm and a second centralizing arm. One end of the first support arm is rotatably connected to the first slip ring, the other end of the first support arm is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first centralizing arm, one end of the first centralizing arm is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the housing, the other end of the first centralizing arm is rotatably connected to one end of the second centralizing arm, and the other end of the second centralizing arm is rotatably connected to the fixing ring.

5. A through-tubing pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 2, characterized in that The first slip ring includes an inner ring, a first outer ring and multiple first connecting columns. The inner ring and the first outer ring are coaxially arranged. The first connecting columns are arranged between the inner ring and the first outer ring. The first connecting columns pass through the housing and are slidably connected to the side wall of the housing. The inner ring is arranged inside the housing, and the inner ring is connected to the driving assembly and the elastic assembly. The first outer ring is arranged outside the housing, and the first outer ring is connected to the centralizer.

6. The annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 5, wherein The housing is provided with multiple first sliding grooves, and the first connecting columns and the first sliding grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The first connecting columns are slidably connected inside the first sliding grooves.

7. A through annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second slip ring is also slidably connected to the side wall of the housing. The second slip ring is connected to the driving assembly and is rotatably connected to the guiding head.

8. A wireline retrievable annulus pressure gauge tool with a guide head according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guiding head includes multiple guiding components and at least two guiding plates. One end of the guiding component is rotatably connected to the housing, the other end of the guiding component is connected to the guiding plate, and the end of the guiding plate far from the guiding component is rotatably connected to the lower end of the housing. At least one guiding component is connected to each guiding plate.

9. The annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 8, characterized in that, The guiding assembly includes a second support arm, a first guiding arm, and a second guiding arm. One end of the second support arm is rotatably connected to the second slip ring, the other end of the second support arm is rotatably connected to the first guiding arm, the other end of the first guiding arm is rotatably connected to one end of the second guiding arm, and the other end of the second guiding arm is rotatably connected to the guiding plate.

10. A wireline retrievable annulus pressure gauge tool with a guide head according to claim 7, wherein, The second slip ring includes a second outer ring, an inner slider, and a plurality of second connecting columns. The second outer ring and the inner slider are coaxially arranged, and the second outer ring and the inner slider are connected by the second connecting columns. The second connecting columns pass through the side wall of the housing and are slidably connected to the side wall of the housing. The second outer ring is arranged outside the housing and is connected to the guiding head. The inner slider is arranged inside the housing and is connected to the driving assembly.

11. A wireline conveyed annulus pressure gauge retrieving tool with a guide head according to claim 10, characterized in that, A plurality of second sliding grooves are provided on the side wall of the housing, and the second sliding grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second connecting columns. The second connecting columns are slidably connected inside the second sliding grooves.

12. A wireline retrievable annulus pressure gauge tool with a guide head according to claim 10, wherein The driving assembly includes a motor, a screw rod, and a pull rod. The motor is arranged at the top inside the housing, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the screw rod, the pull rod is threadedly connected to the outside of the screw rod, and the pull rod can only move up and down relative to the screw rod. The control unit is electrically connected to the motor. The pull rod passes through the inner ring. A plurality of clamping grooves are provided along the circumference on the upper wall of the inner ring, and a plurality of clamping blocks are provided along the circumference on the outer wall of the pull rod. The clamping blocks are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping grooves. The lower end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the inner slider.

13. A wireline-conveyed annulus pressure testing and fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 12, characterized in that, The elastic assembly includes a first spring and a support plate. The support plate is fixedly connected inside the housing and is located below the first slip ring. The first spring is sleeved outside the pull rod and is located between the support plate and the first slip ring.

14. A wireline retrievable annulus pressure gauge with a guide head according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fishing head includes a body, clamping arms, a torsion spring, and a tongue. The body extends into the second slip ring and is slidably connected to the second slip ring. A plurality of the clamping arms are fixedly connected to the lower end of the body. The lower end of the inner side wall of the clamping arm is rotatably connected to the tongue, and the tongue and the clamping arm are connected by the torsion spring. A second spring is sleeved on the part of the body located outside the second slip ring, and the second spring is located between the second slip ring and the clamping arm.

15. The operation method of an annulus pressure measurement fishing tool with a guide head according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Drive the motor to rotate through the control unit, so that the pull rod moves downward, and the centralizer and the guiding head are closed. S2. Set a weight adjustment module with a corresponding weight, connect the set weight adjustment module to the upper end of the fishing tool, and connect a test cable to the upper end of the weight adjustment module. S3. Lower the weight adjustment module and the fishing tool into the annulus through the test cable. S4. When the lower end of the fishing tool is at a set distance above the wellhead, start the motor through the control unit to make the pull rod move upward, drive the guiding head to open, and the centralizer opens under the action of the first spring. S5. Lower the fishing tool further through the test cable. When the fishing head contacts the coupling head, under the combined gravity of the weight adjustment module and the fishing tool, the latch tongue is subjected to an upward force from the coupling head, and finally the latch tongue catches the small-diameter position of the coupling head, completing the gripping of the pressure gauge. S6. Drive the motor through the control unit to drive the centralizer and the guide head to close, and pull the fishing tool and the pressure gauge upward with the test cable to complete the fishing of the pressure gauge.

16. A through-tubing pressure measurement and fishing tool with a guide head according to claim 15, characterized in that, Calculate the weight of the weight module set in step S2 by the following formula: In the above formula, m ρ represents the weight of the weight adjustment module, P represents the wellhead pressure, S is the cross-sectional area of the cable, f is the friction coefficient between the cable and the fishing tool, and g represents the acceleration due to gravity.

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