Accumulation runner flow calculation method and early warning cleaning system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a siltation flow channel flow calculation method, an early warning cleaning system and method, and a sluice-based culvert flow channel. The method comprises the steps that firstly, an ultrasonic flowmeter is installed in a culvert to obtain the flow velocity v; step 2, obtaining the sectional area by using a difference value integration method; and thirdly, the accurate section flow is obtained by combining the flow velocity measured by the time-difference method ultrasonic flowmeter and the obtained section area. In the first step, the ultrasonic flow meter is combined with the time-difference method ultrasonic flow meter installation industry to be arranged in a standard mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of accurate flow measurement, in particular to flow calculation under siltation conditions, and is an ultrasonic flow meter used for measuring liquid flow in a culvert. Background Art

[0002] Culvert sluices are generally closed, including sluices, with culvert channels set up on the water inlet and outlet sides of the sluice. Why design culvert channels? Because the cross-section of natural river channels is generally irregular, which makes it impossible to accurately calculate the cross-sectional area when measuring flow, and the cross-sectional shape changes when water scouring and geological changes occur. By setting up artificial culverts, the problem of natural river cross-sectional measurement can be effectively solved and calculations can be facilitated. Culvert channels are generally rectangular in cross-section.

[0003] Because of the existence of the sluice gate, the water flow in the culvert is in a static or slow flow state, resulting in siltation, which affects the flow calculation of the culvert flow channel. How to feedback the siltation situation and achieve accurate measurement has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] For the silt at the bottom of the culvert, the culvert flow channel is usually closed and a forklift is used to clean it. This requires interrupting the flow of water and the forklift needs to repeatedly move in and out, which is not suitable for small culverts and long-distance culverts. The forklift needs to cooperate with a crane to lift it in and out of the culvert. There may be a lack of oxygen or harmful gases in the middle of the sealed culvert, which endangers the health of the forklift operator. The vibration of the forklift causes hidden damage to the culvert. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is generally to provide a method for calculating the flow rate of a silted flow channel and an early warning cleaning system and method. In order to improve the measurement accuracy of the culvert flow channel, the difference integration method is applied to the silted section to accurately measure the flow rate in the pump station, so that the measurement accuracy reaches ±0.5%.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] The first step is to reasonably arrange and install the ultrasonic flowmeter according to the actual situation of the culvert and the installation specifications of the time difference ultrasonic flowmeter;

[0008] The second step is to use the difference integration method to obtain the accurate cross-sectional area;

[0009] The third step is to combine the flow velocity measured by the time-difference ultrasonic flowmeter and the obtained cross-sectional area to obtain the accurate cross-sectional flow rate.

[0010] In step 2, perform the following steps:

[0011] S2.1, on the sedimentation section, select k+1 measuring points equidistantly along the X direction and mark them as (x k ,f(xk ), k ∈ n, where n is a positive integer; the abscissa of the measurement point is x k and the ordinate is f(x k );

[0012] S2.2. Fit the function f(x) according to the Lagrange interpolation method;

[0013] Select k + 1 measurement points at equal intervals on the sedimentation cross-section (the more measurement points, the more accurate the fitted sedimentation curve), (x0, f(x0)), (x1, f(x1)), (x2, f(x2)), (x3, f(x3))... (x k , f(x k )); Measure their coordinate values using a laser rangefinder.

[0014] Specifically, fit the function f(x) according to the Lagrange interpolation method.

[0015] For a certain polynomial function, there are given k + 1 value points:

[0016] (x0, f(x0))... (x k , f(x k ));

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] I j (x) is the Lagrange basic polynomial.

[0020] f(x) represents the curve of the sedimentation in the culvert.

[0021] S2.3. Calculate the difference product function A j ;

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] A j represents the difference product function. Select several measurement points at equal intervals on the sedimentation cross-section. The abscissa of the measurement point is x k and the ordinate is f(x k ). a and b represent the integration interval;

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] Among them, in order to obtain the y-direction coordinate value, a laser rangefinder is used to measure the coordinate value f(x k );

[0030] In step S2.3, calculations are performed for each measurement point.

[0031] The following are examples of the method when selecting 2 (k = 1) points, 3 (k = 2) points, 4 (k = 3) points, 5 (k = 4) points,..., n points. The more points, the more accurate the integration.

[0032] k = 1;

[0033] I1(f) = A0f(a) + A1f(b); Equation (9);

[0034]

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] k = 2;

[0038]

[0039]

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] k = 3; The integration process is omitted to obtain;

[0043]

[0044] k = 4 (i.e., five points are taken on the cross-section) ；

[0045]

[0046] The integration process is omitted

[0047] ......

[0048] And so on.

[0049] In order to obtain the area of the culvert after sedimentation, in the fourth step, after obtaining the cross-sectional area, multiply the obtained area S of the culvert after sedimentation by the flow velocity v, that is, Q = S × v to obtain the flow rate value.

[0050] In order to achieve low energy consumption, reduce the loss of the culvert, reduce the number of times the culvert is closed, and reduce the use of cranes and forklifts, a silted channel warning and cleaning system includes a tugboat that travels in the culvert channel;

[0051] Support frames are arranged on both sides of the tugboat; there is a circulating part on the support frame, telescopic elastic rods are distributed on the circulating part, and side brackets of a shovel head are connected to the ends of the telescopic elastic rods through hinge seats;

[0052] The shovel head further includes a bucket body; the bucket body is connected between the two side brackets.

[0053] In order to optimize the dredging plan, the side of the bucket body is a right trapezoid; the opening is an inclined plane;

[0054] A storage part is arranged on the tugboat;

[0055] The bucket body and the circulating part are arranged in a dislocation manner;

[0056] A clearance part is arranged on the bottom surface and the back surface of the bucket body;

[0057] The side bracket is connected with a connecting frame, and the connecting frame is used to connect the main hull;

[0058] The circulating part adopts belt drive or chain drive;

[0059] The port of the bucket body is heavier than the root of the bucket body;

[0060] A limit block is arranged between the side bracket and the hinge seat;

[0061] A laser rangefinder is installed on the tugboat.

[0062] In order to facilitate warning cleaning and silt, a silted channel warning and cleaning method is characterized in that: First, obtain the initial culvert area S of the culvert channel at the set section 初始 ; Then, obtain the culvert area S after siltation according to the above-mentioned silted channel flow calculation method; Secondly, compare the initial culvert area S 初始 with the culvert area S after siltation, m = S 初始 -S; When m is greater than the set threshold, start the tugboat of the system described in claim 6, and according to the value of f(x k ), dredge the measurement points with a height greater than the set value.

[0063] During dredging, first, the tugboat comes to the beginning of the waterway at a measurement point where the height is greater than the set value; then, the shovel head sinks to the bottom of the culvert flow channel, and under the action of gravity and buoyancy, the bucket body port faces downward and inserts into the silt; secondly, the tugboat moves forward along the water flow, and at the same time, the circulation part circulates at a speed greater than the water flow speed, so that the bucket body shovels into the silt and moves forward and rises out of the water and flips in the reverse direction; thirdly, due to its own gravity, the bucket body after flipping and turning presses down the telescopic elastic rod and becomes shorter. At the same time, the silt pours into the storage part, and the bucket body is vibrated through the elasticity of the telescopic elastic rod; after that, the bucket body after dumping circulates into the water again to continue shoveling silt.

[0064] Compared with the traditional method, the present invention can effectively and accurately measure the cross-sectional area of the culvert after silt is generated, and realize the early warning of the dredging work according to the fitted cross-section, and is realized by low-cost dredging equipment. The water flow power and buoyancy are used to achieve assistance, water is used for shock absorption, and the tugboat is used for continuous operation, which is convenient to replace the tugboat after it is fully loaded and the operation is uninterrupted. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0065] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the use of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0067] Among them: 1. Tugboat; 2. Circulation part; 3. Telescopic elastic rod; 4. Hinge seat; 5. Shovel head; 6. Gap part; 7. Storage part; 8. Support frame; 9. Connecting frame. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0068] As Figure 1 , the calculation method of this embodiment includes the following steps. The first step is to reasonably arrange and install the transducers according to the actual situation of the culvert and the installation specifications of the time difference method ultrasonic flowmeter to obtain the accurate flow velocity v.

[0069] The second step is to obtain the accurate cross-sectional area by using the difference integral method;

[0070] The third step is to combine the flow velocity measured by the time difference method ultrasonic flowmeter and the obtained cross-sectional area to obtain the accurate cross-sectional flow rate.

[0071] In the second step, the following steps are executed;

[0072] S2.1, on the silted cross-section, along the X direction, k + 1 measurement points are selected at equal intervals and marked as (x k , f(x k ))), k ∈ n, n is a positive integer; the abscissa of the measurement point is x k and the ordinate is f(x k ); f(x) represents the curve at the silted part in the culvert, and a and b represent the integration interval;

[0073] S2.2. Fit the function f(x) according to the Lagrange interpolation method;

[0074] Select k + 1 measurement points at equal intervals on the sedimentation cross-section (the more measurement points, the more accurate the fitted sedimentation curve). (x0, f(x0)), (x1, f(x1)), (x2, f(x2)), (x3, f(x3))... (x k , f(x k )); Measure their coordinate values using a laser rangefinder.

[0075] Specifically, fit the function f(x) according to the Lagrange interpolation method.

[0076] For a certain polynomial function, there are given k + 1 value points:

[0077] (x0, f(x0))... (x k , f(x k ));

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] I j (x) is the Lagrange basic polynomial.

[0081] f(x) represents the curve at the sedimentation part inside the culvert.

[0082] S2.3. Calculate the difference product function A j ;

[0083]

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] A j represents the difference product function. Select several measurement points at equal intervals on the sedimentation cross-section. The abscissa of the measurement points is x k and the ordinate is f(x k ). a and b represent the integration interval;

[0087]

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Among them, in order to obtain the y-axis coordinate value, a laser rangefinder is used to measure the coordinate value f(xk).

[0091] In step S2.3, calculations are performed for each measurement point.

[0092] k = 1;

[0093] I1(f) = A0f(a) + A1f(b); Equation (9);

[0094]

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] k = 2;

[0098]

[0099]

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] k = 3; The integration process is omitted to obtain;

[0103]

[0104] k = 4 (i.e., five points are taken on the cross-section) ；

[0105]

[0106] The integration process is omitted.

[0107] ……

[0108] And so on.

[0109] In order to obtain the area of the culvert after sedimentation, in the fourth step, after obtaining the cross-sectional area, the obtained area S of the culvert after sedimentation is multiplied by the flow velocity v, that is, the flow rate value Q is obtained by Q = S × v.

[0110] As Figure 1-2 shown, the sedimentation channel early warning and cleaning system of this embodiment includes a tugboat 1 walking in the culvert channel; it can be a tugboat with power or a supporting auxiliary active working boat for towing. When using a tugboat with autonomous power, it is flexible and convenient and suitable for short-distance operations, while when using an auxiliary working boat for towing, long-distance operations can be achieved.

[0111] Support frames 8 are provided on both sides of the tugboat 1 to achieve support; a circulation section 2 is provided on the support frame 8 to achieve continuous operation. Telescopic elastic rods 3 are distributed on the circulation section 2, and side brackets of a shovel head part 5 are connected to the ends of the telescopic elastic rods 3 through hinge seats 4; the self-weight of the bucket is cleverly utilized to meet the requirements of the culvert space.

[0112] The shovel head part 5 further includes a bucket body; the bucket body is connected between the two side brackets.

[0113] The side surface of the bucket body is a right trapezoid; the opening is an inclined surface; thus increasing the shoveling area.

[0114] A storage section 7 is provided on the tugboat 1 to collect the silt sent by the bucket;

[0115] The bucket body is arranged in a dislocation manner with the circulation section 2; thus preventing the silt from falling on the circulation section.

[0116] A clearance section 6 is provided on the bottom surface and the back surface of the bucket body; thus achieving water leakage and permeability, and better cleaning the silt.

[0117] The side bracket is connected with a connecting frame 9, and the connecting frame 9 is used to connect to the main hull; it achieves hinged connection.

[0118] The circulation section 2 adopts a conventional circulation mechanism such as belt drive or chain drive.

[0119] The port of the bucket body is heavier than the root of the bucket body; thus realizing the opening to incline forward, and better inserting into the silt. As the silt increases, the bucket becomes flat.

[0120] A limit block is provided between the side bracket and the hinge seat 4 to realize the swing angle of the bucket;

[0121] A laser rangefinder is installed on the tugboat 1 to achieve distance measurement.

[0122] As an improvement of the cleaning method, such as Figure 1 、 2 , for the warning and cleaning method of the silted flow channel in this embodiment, first, obtain the initial culvert area S of the culvert flow channel at the set section 初始 ; then, obtain the culvert area S after silting according to the above-mentioned silted flow channel flow calculation method; secondly, compare the initial culvert area S 初始 with the culvert area S after silting, m = S 初始 - S; when m is greater than the set threshold, start the tugboat 1 of the above system, and according to the value of f(x k ), carry out silt cleaning on the measurement points with a height greater than the set value.

[0123] During dredging, first, the tugboat 1 arrives at the starting end of the waterway at a measurement point where the height is greater than the set value. Then, the shovel head 5 sinks to the bottom of the culvert flow channel. Under the action of gravity and buoyancy, the bucket body port faces downward and inserts into the silt. Secondly, the tugboat 1 moves forward along the water flow. At the same time, the circulation part 2 circulates at a speed greater than the water flow speed, so that the bucket body shovels into the silt and moves forward and rises out of the water and flips in the reverse direction. Thirdly, due to its own gravity, the bucket body after flipping and changing direction presses down the telescopic elastic rod 3 and becomes shorter. At the same time, the silt pours into the storage part 7 and vibrates the bucket body through the elasticity of the telescopic elastic rod 3. After that, the bucket body after dumping circulates into the water again to continue shoveling silt.

[0124] The present invention determines whether to carry out dredging by comparing the cross-sectional area with the initial area. Dredging is carried out by the tugboat 1 moving forward along the water flow. The circulation part 2 realizes continuous dredging. In the downward section, the telescopic elastic rod 3 automatically lengthens because the self-weight of the bucket part overcomes the buoyancy and falls. In the upward section, the telescopic elastic rod 3 shortens due to the self-weight fall of the bucket, thus avoiding pushing against the top of the culvert. When the telescopic elastic rod 3 is compressed and shortened, its spring generates vibration, realizing more thorough cleaning. The present invention can only clean the high points of the deposited silt, thus reducing the workload. It realizes multiple tasks with one measurement.

[0125] The hinge seat 4 increases the flexibility and adaptability of the shovel head 5. The clearance part 6 facilitates the fall of the silt. The present invention is fully described for a clearer disclosure, and the prior art will not be listed one by one.

[0126] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. As is obvious to those skilled in the art, multiple technical solutions of the present invention can be combined. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The technical content not described in detail in the present invention is well-known technology.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the flow rate of a sediment-laden channel, characterized in that: The culvert flow channel based on the sluice, and the calculation method includes the following steps; In the first step, an ultrasonic flowmeter is installed in the culvert to obtain the flow velocity v; In the second step, the sectional area is obtained by using the difference integration method; In the third step, combining the flow velocity measured by the time difference method ultrasonic flowmeter and the obtained sectional area, the accurate sectional flow rate is obtained.

2. The method for calculating the flow rate of the silted channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the ultrasonic flowmeter is arranged in accordance with the industry standard for installing the time difference method ultrasonic flowmeter.

3. The sediment flow channel flow rate calculation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step two, the following steps are executed; S2.1, on the silted cross-section, along the X direction, select k + 1 measurement points at equal intervals, marked as (x0, f(x0)), (x1, f(x1)), (x2, f(x2)), (x3, f(x3))... (x k , f(x k )); k ∈ n, n is a positive integer; the abscissa of the measurement point is x k and the ordinate is f(x k ); S2.2, according to the Lagrange interpolation method, the curve function f(x) of the silt deposition area in the culvert is fitted; Among them, I j (x) is the Lagrange fundamental polynomial; S2.3, calculate the difference product function A j ; Among them, A j represents the difference product function; a and b represent the integration intervals; f(x) represents the curve at the silted area in the culvert; Obtain A by integration j , substitute A j into to obtain the integral of f(x), that is, obtain the area S of the culvert after sedimentation.

4. The method for calculating the sediment-laden flow channel flow rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: Wherein, Measure the coordinate value f(x k ) using a laser rangefinder; In step S2.3, calculations are carried out for each measurement point; When k = 1; I1(f) = A0f(a) + A1f(b); Formula (9); When k = 2; When k = 3; When k = 4; And so on.

5. The method for calculating the sediment-laden flow channel flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fourth step, after obtaining the sectional area, multiply the obtained culvert area S after silt deposition by the flow velocity v, that is, Q = S×v to obtain the flow rate value.

6. An early warning and cleaning system for sediment channels, characterized in that: For implementing the silted flow channel flow rate calculation method described in claim 1; The system includes a tugboat (1) traveling in the culvert flow channel; Support frames (8) are arranged on both sides of the tugboat (1); a circulation part (2) is provided on the support frames (8), telescopic elastic rods (3) are distributed on the circulation part (2), and side brackets of a shovel head part (5) are connected to the ends of the telescopic elastic rods (3) through hinge seats (4); The shovel head part (5) further includes a shovel bucket body; the shovel bucket body is connected between the two side brackets.

7. The sediment flow channel early warning and cleaning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side of the shovel bucket body is a right trapezoid; the opening is an inclined plane; A storage part (7) is arranged on the tugboat (1); The shovel bucket body is arranged in a dislocation manner with the circulation part (2); A clearance part (6) is arranged on the bottom and the back of the shovel bucket body; The side bracket is connected with a connecting frame (9), and the connecting frame (9) is used for connecting the main hull; The circulation part (2) adopts belt drive or chain drive; The port of the shovel bucket body is heavier than the root of the shovel bucket body; A limiting block is arranged between the side bracket and the hinge seat (4); A laser rangefinder is installed on the tugboat (1).

8. A method for warning and cleaning sediment channels, characterized in that: First, obtain the initial culvert area S of the culvert flow channel at the set cross-section 初始 ; then, obtain the culvert area S after siltation according to the silted flow channel flow calculation method described in claim 1; secondly, compare the initial culvert area S 初始 with the culvert area S after siltation, m = S 初始 - S; when m is greater than the set threshold, start the tugboat (1) of the system described in claim 6, and perform silt cleaning on the measurement points with a height greater than the set value according to the value of f(x k ).

9. The sediment flow channel warning and cleaning method according to claim 8, characterized in that: During dredging, first, the tugboat (1) comes to the starting end of the water channel at a measurement point where the height is greater than the set value; then, the shovel head part (5) sinks to the bottom of the culvert flow channel, and under the action of gravity and buoyancy, the port of the shovel bucket body is inserted into the silt downward; secondly, the tugboat (1) moves forward along the water flow, and at the same time, the circulation part (2) circulates at a speed greater than the water flow speed, so that the shovel bucket body shovels into the silt and moves forward and rises out of the water and flips in the reverse direction; thirdly, due to its own gravity, the flipped shovel bucket body presses down the telescopic elastic rod (3) to become shorter, and at the same time, the silt is poured into the storage part (7), and the shovel bucket body is vibrated through the elasticity of the telescopic elastic rod (3); after that, the dumped shovel bucket body circulates into the water again to continue shoveling silt.

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