A surface temperature sensor calibration device and calibration method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration device, which comprises an ethanol heat pipe or N-methyl pyrrolidone heat pipe surface temperature source, a metal temperature equalizing block, a high-precision temperature control system, a two-section heating device, a power measuring instrument and a data acquisition device, and the central axis of the ethanol heat pipe or N-methyl pyrrolidone heat pipe surface temperature source has three horizontal gauges. The application also provides a new method for accurately determining the surface calibration temperature of the heat pipe surface source based on Fourier's law. The method not only improves the accuracy of surface temperature calibration, but also avoids modeling and complex calculation of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the heat pipe surface source, has small workload and simple and reliable operation, and solves the problem of low calibration precision of the surface temperature sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a surface temperature sensor calibration device and calibration method for accurately calibrating various surface temperature sensors, applicable to temperatures ranging from room temperature to 300°C. Background Technology

[0002] A surface temperature sensor calibrator is a metrological device used to calibrate and verify the accuracy of surface temperature sensors. Existing surface temperature sensor calibrators typically use pure metal as a temperature homogenizer to generate a relatively uniform and stable surface temperature. Once the surface temperature sensor reaches thermal equilibrium with the temperature source on the metal temperature homogenizer surface, the surface temperature is approximated by measuring the temperature inside the homogenizer, or by using linear extrapolation to determine the surface temperature, which is then used to calibrate the surface temperature sensor. Currently, the dominant commercial surface temperature calibrators internationally employ this principle and method for surface temperature calibration.

[0003] Traditional surface temperature sensor calibrators using metal isotherms as surface temperature sources suffer from the following problems: First, due to the limitations of the physical properties of the metal isotherm, thermal conductivity and heat capacity are negatively correlated. That is, metals with high stability heat up too slowly, while metals with fast heating rates have poor temperature field stability. Therefore, the stability and uniformity of the metal isotherm's temperature are unsatisfactory, affecting the calibration accuracy of the surface temperature sensor. Second, when determining the surface temperature of the surface temperature source, the axial heat flow is not accurately measured, making it impossible to accurately calculate the surface temperature. Using extrapolation to approximate the surface temperature or directly measuring the temperature of the metal block as the surface temperature has the following drawbacks: it does not consider the influence of surrounding heat exchange and material properties on the measurement results. Therefore, this measurement method introduces greater uncertainty, affecting the accuracy of surface temperature calibration.

[0004] A heat pipe is a highly efficient heat transfer element that utilizes the phase change of a working fluid for heat transfer, and is hailed as a thermal superconductor or superconducting heat source. Its working principle involves removing the gas dissolved in a high-purity working fluid, then filling the sealed heat pipe cavity under high vacuum using gravity. Heat is transferred from the high-temperature section to the low-temperature section through phase change heat transfer within the working fluid at a small temperature difference. Simultaneously, under the influence of gravity and capillary attraction, the condensed working fluid returns to the high-temperature section. Therefore, the heat pipe achieves efficient heat transfer through the circulation of the working fluid and can provide a relatively uniform temperature field for temperature calibration. However, the heat transfer coefficient λ of a heat pipe is determined by various factors, including its shape design, working medium, internal structure, shell material, and operating temperature. Its calculation model is very complex. Simply treating it as a temperature homogenizer makes it difficult to establish a heat transfer model to extrapolate the surface temperature from the internal temperature, thus hindering the calibration of surface temperature sensors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in the surface temperature calibration of pure metal heat spreader surface temperature sources in the prior art and improve the surface temperature calibration capability, this invention designs a surface temperature sensor calibration device suitable for room temperature to 300℃. The calibration device includes a heating device, a heat pipe surface temperature source, a metal heat spreader, a temperature sensor, a data acquisition unit, a power meter, a high-precision temperature control system, a computer, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a third temperature sensor. The insulation layer and the metal heat spreader are coaxially arranged inside the heating device along the central axis of the heating device. The insulation layer is disposed on the outside of the metal heat spreader. The middle part of the metal heat spreader has an accommodating space for placing the heat pipe surface temperature source. The heat pipe surface temperature source is placed in the accommodating space in the middle part of the metal heat spreader.

[0006] The high-precision temperature control system is used to control the heating current supplied to the heating device, and the power meter is used to detect the heating power consumed by the heating device and transmit it to the computer in real time; a surface temperature sensor to be calibrated is set at the center of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source, the surface temperature sensor is connected to the data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device is used to collect the temperature measurement value to be calibrated of the surface temperature sensor.

[0007] The sidewall of the heat pipe surface temperature source has a first measuring well, a second measuring well, and a third measuring well arranged vertically from top to bottom. The sidewall of the heating device also has three insertion holes at corresponding positions. The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor are inserted into the three horizontal measuring wells of the heat pipe surface temperature source through the insertion holes, respectively, to obtain the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3 inside the heat pipe surface temperature source and send them to the computer. The first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3 are located on the same vertical axis.

[0008] The computer establishes a first thermal conductivity model based on the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3 to calculate the inner wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source housing. Then, based on the inner wall temperature of the upper surface of the housing and the heating power measured by the power meter, it establishes a second thermal conductivity model to calculate the outer wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source housing. Finally, the outer wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source housing is used to calibrate the temperature measurement value of the surface temperature sensor to be calibrated.

[0009] The heating device is a two-stage high-precision heating furnace, in which the insulation layer and the metal homogenizing block are coaxially arranged inside the furnace chamber. The two-stage high-precision heating furnace has a bottom heating element and a side wall heating element, and the heating power of the bottom heating element and the side wall heating element is independently controlled by a high-precision temperature control system.

[0010] The heat pipe surface temperature source uses anhydrous ethanol or N-methylpyrrolidone as the heat pipe working medium. The housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source is made of stainless steel, and a wire mesh is welded at the top of the internal cavity of the heat pipe as the wick. The three horizontal gauge wells on the side wall of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source are located in the upper half of the heat pipe surface temperature source. The thickness of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source is H1. The vertical distance between the horizontal axis of the first gauge well and the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source is H2. The vertical distance between the horizontal axis of the first gauge well and the horizontal axis of the second gauge well is H3. The vertical distance between the horizontal axis of the second gauge well and the horizontal axis of the third gauge well is H4, where H1 < H2 < H3 = H4.

[0011] This application also proposes a calibration method for a heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration device, which is based on the above heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration device. The calibration method includes:

[0012] Step 1: Establish a one-dimensional heat conduction equation set (2), (3), and (4) including the estimated temperature value T , interface , , ,

[0017] , surface ,

[0019] ,

[0018] , , on the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source, the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3, that is, the first heat conduction model, specifically as follows:

[0013]

[0014] where n is the number of the estimated temperature value of the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source calculated by the linear method in different one-dimensional heat conduction equations, and the thermal conductivity of the heat pipe surface temperature source is λ;

[0015] Step 2: Calculate the first estimated value T interface,1 of the inner wall temperature of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source, the second estimated value T interface,2 and the third estimated value T interface,3 respectively according to the above equation set;

[0016] Step 3: Calculate the average value of the three estimated values as the temperature value T interface of the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source through the following formula (5);

[0017]

[0018] Step 4: Establish a one-dimensional heat conduction equation set (6) including the temperature value T interface of the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source and the temperature value T surface of the outer wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source, that is, the second heat conduction model, specifically as follows:

[0019]

[0020] In equation (6), q is the power converted into heat as measured by the power meter; λ steel The thermal conductivity of the shell material of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9;

[0021] Step 5: Calculate the outer wall temperature T of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell using the above formula (6). surface The calibration temperature value is compared with the temperature measurement value to be calibrated of the surface temperature sensor acquired by the data acquisition device, thereby completing the calibration of the surface temperature sensor.

[0022] This application designs and develops a surface temperature sensor calibration device based on anhydrous ethanol or N-methylpyrrolidone heat pipes, providing a uniform and stable surface calibration temperature. Compared with traditional metal solid surface temperature sources, its surface temperature uniformity and stability are significantly improved. The calibration device includes three horizontal measuring traps with temperature measurement points located on the central axis of the heat pipe surface temperature source. A novel method based on Fourier's law is proposed to accurately determine the surface calibration temperature of the heat pipe surface temperature source. This not only improves the accuracy of surface temperature calibration but also avoids the modeling and complex calculations of the thermal conductivity of the heat pipe surface temperature source. It requires less workload, is simple and reliable to operate, and solves the problem of low calibration accuracy of current surface temperature sensors. Attached image description:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall calibration device for the heat pipe surface temperature sensor;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heating device;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the heat pipe surface temperature source;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the method for determining the surface temperature of a heat pipe surface temperature source.

[0027] Reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Data acquisition device; 2. Gravity-type surface temperature sensor; 3. Heating device; 4. Data acquisition device; 5. Power meter; 6. High-precision temperature control system; 7. Computer; 8A. First temperature sensor; 8B. Second temperature sensor; 8C. Third temperature sensor; 9. Heat pipe surface temperature source; 10. Metal heat exchanger; 11. Two-stage heating element; 12. Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1This is an overall schematic diagram of the heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration device of the present invention. The calibration device includes a heating device 3, a heat pipe surface temperature source 9, a metal heat exchange block 10, a temperature sensor 8, a data acquisition unit 4, a power meter 5, a high-precision temperature control system 6, a computer 7, a first temperature sensor 8A, a second temperature sensor 8B, and a third temperature sensor 8C.

[0030] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the heating device 3. Specifically, the heating device 3 is a two-stage high-precision heating furnace. The furnace chamber of the two-stage high-precision heating furnace has a coaxially arranged insulation layer 12 and a metal homogenizing block 10. The insulation layer 12 is located on the outside of the metal homogenizing block 10. The metal homogenizing block 10 has a generally cylindrical accommodating space in its center for placing the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. The electrical power consumed by the heating device 3 is supplied by a high-precision temperature control system 6. The high-precision temperature control system 6 uses a Eurotherm 3504 temperature controller and achieves accurate furnace temperature control through PID control. The power consumed is monitored by a power meter 5 and transmitted in real time to a computer 7. The power meter 5 is a PW-3335 power measuring instrument. The heating device 3 has heating elements 11 on its bottom and side walls. The heating current of the heating elements 11 is independently controlled by the high-precision temperature control system 6, which can realize three heating modes: side wall heating, bottom heating, and side wall / bottom heating. The insulation layer 12 in the furnace is made of non-flammable insulation material to ensure that heat cannot be lost from the bottom and sides in large quantities under calibration conditions, and only the top is in contact with the air in the working state.

[0031] The heat pipe surface temperature source 9 is placed in the accommodating space in the middle of the metal heat exchange block 10, and is placed in the middle of the furnace body along the central axis of the two-section high-precision heating furnace. The metal heat exchange block 10 is coaxial with the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 and is located outside the heat pipe surface temperature source 9.

[0032] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9, the core component of this invention. To achieve a surface temperature of room temperature to 300°C, the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 uses anhydrous ethanol or N-methylpyrrolidone as the working fluid. The heat pipe using anhydrous ethanol operates in a temperature range of room temperature to 130°C, while the heat pipe using N-methylpyrrolidone operates in a temperature range of 100°C to 300°C. This application employs a heating vacuum degassing method to remove residual gases dissolved in anhydrous ethanol or N-methylpyrrolidone to the greatest extent possible, improving the purity of the heat pipe working fluid and reducing the impact of non-condensable gases on heat pipe performance. The shell of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 is made of 316L stainless steel. A wire mesh is welded to the top of the internal cavity as a liquid wick to increase surface capillary force, allowing the liquid film to spread evenly during operation, resulting in a more uniform surface temperature. Before filling with ethanol or N-methylpyrrolidone as the working fluid, the heat pipe shell must be heated and degassed under vacuum for an extended period. Then, high-purity liquid ethanol or N-methylpyrrolidone is injected into the heat pipe through the filling tube under gravity. Finally, the filling tube is sealed using hydraulic cold sealing technology, completing the fabrication of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9.

[0033] A gravity-type surface temperature sensor 2 to be calibrated is disposed at the center of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. The gravity-type surface temperature sensor 2 is connected to the data acquisition unit 1, which is used to acquire the temperature measurement value to be calibrated of the gravity-type surface temperature sensor 2.

[0034] The sidewall of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 has three horizontal gauge traps arranged vertically from top to bottom: a first gauge trap, a second gauge trap, and a third gauge trap. A first temperature sensor 8A, a second temperature sensor 8B, and a third temperature sensor 8C are respectively inserted into the first, second, and third gauge traps. The inner diameter of each gauge trap is 5 mm, and the depth is 80 mm. Preferably, the first temperature sensor 8A, the second temperature sensor 8B, and the third temperature sensor 8C are three PT100 platinum resistance thermometers. The sidewall of the heating device 3 also has three insertion holes at corresponding positions. The first temperature sensor 8A, the second temperature sensor 8B, and the third temperature sensor 8C are inserted through these insertion holes into the three horizontal gauge traps of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. The temperature measuring ends of the first temperature sensor 8A, the second temperature sensor 8B, and the third temperature sensor 8C are all located on the central axis of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. The first temperature sensor 8A obtains the first temperature T1 inside the heat pipe surface temperature source 9, the second temperature sensor 8B obtains the second temperature T2 inside the heat pipe surface temperature source 9, and the third temperature sensor 8C obtains the third temperature T3 inside the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. Therefore, the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3 are located on the same vertical axis.

[0035] Preferably, the three horizontal wells on the side wall of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 are located in the upper half of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. The thickness of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 is H1, that is, the vertical distance from the inner wall to the outer wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 is H1. The vertical distance between the horizontal axis of the first well and the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 is H2. The vertical distance between the horizontal axis of the first well and the horizontal axis of the second well is H3. The vertical distance between the horizontal axis of the second well and the horizontal axis of the third well is H4. Among them, H1 < H2 < H3 = H4. The purpose of this setting is to ensure the uniformity of the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3, and at the same time make the first well as close as possible to the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. In a preferred embodiment, H1 = 5mm, H2 = 9mm, H3 = H4 = 10mm.

[0036] The first temperature sensor 8A, the second temperature sensor 8B, and the third temperature sensor 8C are connected to the data collector 4. The data collector 4 collects the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3 measured by the first temperature sensor 8A, the second temperature sensor 8B, and the third temperature sensor 8C and sends them to the computer 7. The computer 7 runs the corresponding program to monitor the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3 in real time.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the extrapolation method for the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source. According to the one-dimensional heat conduction equation (1):

[0038]

[0039] The above one-dimensional heat conduction equation shows that the heat flux density is equal in the axial direction of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. Therefore, for the ethanol surface temperature source 9, its axial temperature distribution is linearly related to the axial position. The temperature of the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source is calculated by a linear method; then, according to the power measured by the power meter, the temperature of the outer wall of the surface is calculated according to the one-dimensional heat conduction equation. Specifically as follows:

[0040] Step 1: Establish a one-dimensional heat conduction equation group (2), (3), and (4) including the estimated temperature value T interface,n of the inner wall of the upper surface of the housing of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9, the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, and the third temperature T3, that is, the first heat conduction model, specifically as follows:

[0041]

[0042] Where n is the number of the estimated inner wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell obtained by linear method in different one-dimensional heat conduction equations, and the thermal conductivity of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 is λ. Since both sides of the above equation are multiplied by the thermal conductivity λ, they can cancel each other out during the calculation process, thus avoiding the modeling and complex calculation of the thermal conductivity of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9.

[0043] Step 2: Based on the above equations, calculate the first estimated value T of the inner wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell. interface,1、 Second calculated value T interface,2 and the third estimated value T interface,3 .

[0044] Step 3: Calculate the average of the three estimated values ​​using the following formula (5) as the inner wall temperature value T of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell. interface .

[0045]

[0046] Step 4: Establish the temperature value T of the inner wall of the upper surface of the shell, including the surface temperature of the heat pipe. interface 9. Temperature value T of the outer wall of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9. surface The one-dimensional heat conduction equations (6), i.e. the second heat conduction model, are as follows:

[0047]

[0048] In equation (6), q is the power converted into heat as measured by the power meter 5; λsteel is the thermal conductivity of the shell material of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9, which is the thermal conductivity of 316L stainless steel in this embodiment.

[0049] Step 5: Calculate the outer wall temperature T of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source 9 using the above formula (6). surface The calibration temperature value is compared with the temperature measurement value to be calibrated collected by the data acquisition device 1 from the self-weight surface temperature sensor 2, thereby completing the calibration of the self-weight surface temperature sensor 2.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration apparatus, characterized by, The calibration device comprises a heating device, a heat pipe surface temperature source, a metal temperature equalizing block, a surface temperature sensor to be calibrated, a data collector, a power meter, a high-precision temperature control system, a computer, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, and an insulating layer; the insulating layer and the metal temperature equalizing block are coaxially arranged in the heating device along the central axis of the heating device; the insulating layer is arranged outside the metal temperature equalizing block; the metal temperature equalizing block has a containing space in the middle part for placing the heat pipe surface temperature source; the heat pipe surface temperature source is placed in the containing space in the middle part of the metal temperature equalizing block. The high-precision temperature control system is used to control the heating current supplied to the heating device, and the power meter is used to detect the heating power consumed by the heating device and transmit it to the computer in real time. A surface temperature sensor to be calibrated is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source, and the surface temperature sensor is connected to the data collector, which is used to collect the temperature measurement value obtained by the surface temperature sensor to be calibrated. First, second and third traps are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the heat pipe surface temperature source along the vertical direction from top to bottom, and three insertion holes are arranged at the corresponding positions of the side wall of the heating device; the first, second and third temperature sensors are inserted into the three horizontal traps of the heat pipe surface temperature source through the insertion holes, respectively, to obtain the first, second and third temperatures T1, T2 and T3 inside the heat pipe surface temperature source and send them to the computer; the first, second and third temperatures T1, T2 and T3 are located on the same vertical axis. The computer establishes a heat conduction model according to the first, second and third temperatures T1, T2 and T3 and the heating power measured by the power meter, calculates the outer wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell, and calibrates the temperature measurement value of the surface temperature sensor to be calibrated according to the outer wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell. The computer establishes a first heat conduction model according to the first, second and third temperatures T1, T2 and T3, calculates the inner wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell, establishes a second heat conduction model according to the inner wall temperature of the upper surface of the shell and the heating power measured by the power meter, calculates the outer wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell, and finally calibrates the temperature measurement value of the surface temperature sensor to be calibrated according to the outer wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell.

2. The heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The heating device is a two-section high-precision heating furnace, and the insulating layer and the metal temperature equalizing block are coaxially arranged in the hearth of the two-section high-precision heating furnace.

3. The heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The two-section high-precision heating furnace has a bottom heating element and a side wall heating element, and the heating power of the bottom heating element and the side wall heating element is independently controlled by the high-precision temperature control system.

4. The heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration apparatus of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The heat pipe surface temperature source uses anhydrous ethanol or N-methyl pyrrolidone as the working medium of the heat pipe, and the shell of the heat pipe surface temperature source is made of stainless steel, and a wire mesh is welded at the top of the inner cavity of the heat pipe as a liquid absorption core.

5. The heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The three horizontal metering traps of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell side wall are located in the upper half of the heat pipe surface temperature source.

6. The heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell is H1, the vertical distance between the first metering trap horizontal axis and the inner wall of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell is H2, the vertical distance between the first metering trap horizontal axis and the second metering trap horizontal axis is H3, and the vertical distance between the second metering trap horizontal axis and the third metering trap horizontal axis is H4, wherein H1 7. A calibration method of a heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration device based on the heat pipe surface temperature sensor calibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, The calibration method comprises: Step one: establish a one-dimensional heat conduction equation group (2), (3) and (4) including the heat pipe surface temperature source shell upper surface inner wall estimated temperature value T interface，n , the first temperature T1, the second temperature T2, the third temperature T3, namely the first heat conduction model, as follows: Wherein n is the number of heat pipe surface temperature source shell upper surface inner wall temperature calculation value calculated by linear method in different one-dimensional heat conduction equation, and the heat conduction coefficient of the heat pipe surface temperature source is λ. Step two: calculate the first, second and third estimated values of the inner wall temperature of the upper surface of the heat pipe shell surface temperature source according to the above equation set interface,1 , interface,2 and interface,3 ; Step three: Calculate the average of the three extrapolated values as the heat pipe surface temperature source case upper surface inner wall temperature value T by the following formula (5) interface ; Step four: establish one-dimensional heat conduction equation group (6) including the inner wall temperature value T interface of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell and the outer wall temperature value T surface of the upper surface of the heat pipe surface temperature source shell, that is, the second heat conduction model, as follows: In formula (6), q is the power measured by the power meter and converted into heat; λsteel is the thermal conductivity of the surface temperature source shell material of the heat pipe; Step five: calculating the surface temperature source shell upper surface outer wall temperature value T of the heat pipe by formula (6) above surface As the calibration temperature value, the calibration of the surface temperature sensor is completed by comparing with the temperature measurement value to be calibrated of the surface temperature sensor collected by the surface temperature sensor data collector.

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