Multi-factor aging platform for optimizing multi-needle plate electrode based on electric field

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field optimization multi-needle plate electrode, which belongs to the technical field of aging tests of insulating materials of power systems and comprises an electric field calculation and control system interaction terminal and a controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device. By changing the curvature radius through the two-stage mechanical linear motion structure and the electrode needle made of the memory alloy material, fine adjustment of the uniform electric field containing the stable corona is achieved, the problem that an aging platform in the prior art is poor in actual environment simulation is solved, and the beneficial effects of adapting to various test pieces and dynamically adjusting the surface electric field of the test pieces are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aging test of insulation materials in power systems, and particularly to a multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle-plate electrode. Background Art

[0002] The insulation system of electrical equipment is subjected to the combined action of multiple factors such as corona, electric field, ultraviolet, high temperature, high humidity, and salt spray for a long time, which accelerates the aging process of insulation materials, thereby affecting the overall performance and service life of the equipment.

[0003] Currently, the evaluation of the insulation performance of electrical equipment mainly relies on aging test platforms. Traditional aging test platforms have obvious shortcomings. On the one hand, in terms of electric field simulation, it is difficult to accurately reproduce the complex electric field conditions in actual operation. When actual electrical equipment operates, the electric field distribution is affected by various factors such as electrode shape, spatial layout, and insulation medium characteristics, presenting a complex distribution. However, traditional platforms, such as independent corona aging platforms, use high-voltage power supplies to generate corona discharge, making the insulation material in a corona environment to accelerate aging. It includes high-frequency high-voltage power supplies, electrode systems, etc. The high-voltage power supply provides the energy to generate corona, and the electrode system forms a specific electric field distribution to generate corona. Most of these platforms use a single electrode structure, such as a simple parallel plate electrode or a single needle-plate electrode structure. The uniformity and stability of corona discharge in the single needle-plate electrode structure are difficult to guarantee, and the generated electric field is relatively single. It cannot simulate the electric field distortion caused by irregular electrodes and local defects of insulation media in actual operation, nor can it generate corona under a relatively uniform electric field. The parallel plate electrode can generate a uniform field, but the uniform field is not easy to start corona, so it is difficult to simulate the uniform electric field with stable corona under real working conditions, which may lead to uneven aging of insulation materials, making the test results deviate greatly from the aging situation under the actual operating state of the equipment. In practical applications, the corona environment in which the insulation material is located is affected by various factors, and it is difficult for the platform to fully reproduce, and the simulation of the insulation material under the combined action of corona and other aging factors is not accurate enough. Moreover, traditional platforms cannot flexibly adjust the electric field gradient. There are still significant defects in the electric field optimization of common electrode structures. The existing electrode structure design lacks systematic consideration of electric field optimization. The shape, size, and arrangement of electrodes are mostly determined based on experience, and advanced electric field simulation technology is not fully utilized for precise optimization. This results in uneven electric field distribution between electrodes, with areas of too high or too low electric field intensity. The too high area is prone to partial discharge, prematurely damaging the insulation material, while the too low area cannot effectively simulate the strong electric field environment in actual operation, greatly reducing the accuracy and reliability of the aging test results. On the other hand, the research on the aging of electrical equipment under the coupling action of multiple factors is insufficient, especially involving comprehensive environments such as corona, electric field, ultraviolet, high temperature, high humidity, and salt spray. For example, using an ordinary damp-heat aging platform: creating a high-temperature and high-humidity environment with a damp-heat box to conduct aging tests on insulation materials. It mainly includes a humidity generation system, a temperature control system, a box structure, etc. The humidity generation system generates and maintains the set humidity environment, the temperature control system controls the temperature inside the box, and the box ensures the stability and tightness of the internal environment. However, its ability to simulate the aging of insulation materials under the combined action of damp heat and other factors (such as electric field, mechanical stress) is limited. In actual working conditions, the rise and fall of temperature will change the physical and chemical properties of the insulation material, affecting its dielectric performance; the change of humidity may cause moisture to accumulate on the surface or inside the insulation medium, reducing the insulation resistance; different air pressures will change the insulation strength of the gas. These factors do not act independently, but interact with each other and synergistically accelerate insulation aging.However, traditional aging test platforms can often only adjust one or two factors individually, lacking the ability to simulate the combined effects of multiple factors. As a result, the accuracy and reliability of test results are insufficient, and they cannot provide comprehensive and accurate data support for the aging research of electrical equipment in complex operating environments, failing to meet the requirements of high-performance and high-reliability R & D and production of modern electrical equipment.

[0004] Of course, there are currently aging test devices with multi-factor adjustment functions. For example, the aging test devices disclosed in the patent documents with application publication numbers CN114152846A and CN118937844A can, to a certain extent, simulate the effects of environmental factors such as temperature and humidity on the insulation of electrical equipment and also introduce the electric field factor for testing. However, in terms of the electrode structure, some use multi-needle electrodes, but the shape, size, and arrangement of the needle electrodes are relatively arbitrary and have not undergone rigorous electric field optimization design. Although this structure increases the complexity of the electric field to a certain extent, it cannot achieve a uniform and precisely controllable electric field distribution. The electric field intensity is too high near the electrode tips, while the electric field intensity in the intermediate region between the electrodes is relatively weak, resulting in a relatively high non-uniformity of the electric field distribution and affecting the accuracy of test results. In terms of electric field regulation, some devices are equipped with a simple electric field adjustment system to adjust the electric field intensity by changing the power supply voltage. However, this regulation method is relatively rough, lacking effective control of the electric field direction and unable to flexibly adjust the distribution pattern of the electric field according to actual needs. It is difficult to comprehensively simulate the aging process of electrical equipment in actual complex operating environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-factor aging platform based on an optimized multi-needle plate electrode to solve the problem that the existing aging platform poorly simulates the actual environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multi-factor aging platform based on electric field optimized multi-needle plate electrode, comprising an aging box and a high-voltage generating device, wherein a multi-factor aging test space is arranged in the aging box, and further comprising an electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal and a controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device, wherein the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device is provided with a test piece table for fixing a test piece, wherein the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device, wherein the test piece is separated by an electrode plate vertically provided with an array of electrode needles arranged regularly, wherein the electrode plate is directly or indirectly electrically connected to the high-voltage generating device outside the aging box through a through-wall sleeve arranged on the aging box, wherein the needle tip of the electrode needle maintains a distance from the outer surface of the test piece, wherein the electrode needle is directly or indirectly electrically connected to the electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal outside the aging box through the through-wall sleeve arranged on the aging box, and forms a uniform electric field outside the test piece by vertically moving a mechanical linear motion structure under the control of the electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal.

[0008] Preferably, the mechanical linear motion structure drives the electrode needle array to move as a whole by driving the electrode plate.

[0009] Preferably, the mechanical linear motion structure includes a lead screw and a lead screw motor, the lead screw motor is fixed on the top bracket of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device, the lead screw is fixed on the lead screw motor shaft, the electrode plate is fixedly connected to the lead screw plate on the opposite side of the electrode needle through a fixing column, and the lead screw plate is threadedly connected to the lead screw through the internal threaded part thereon.

[0010] Preferably, the mechanical linear motion structure further comprises an electrode needle control device, the electrode needle is mounted on the electrode plate via the electrode needle control device, and the electrode needle moves vertically relative to the electrode plate via the electrode needle control device.

[0011] Preferably, the electrode needle control device uses a lead screw pair structure.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes an electrode needle heating device electrically connected to the electric field calculation and control system interaction terminal, the electrode needle uses a shape memory alloy, and the electrode needle heating device heats the electrode needle.

[0013] Preferably, the shape memory alloy uses nickel-titanium alloy.

[0014] Preferably, the electrode needle heating device uses a laser array, and the laser array is installed around the electrode needle for heating the electrode needle.

[0015] Preferably, the interaction terminal of the electric field calculation and control system dynamically controls the electric field on the surface of the specimen using the following steps: Calculate the height parameters and curvature radius parameters of the tips of the electrode needle array according to the target electric field distribution, adjust the vertical arrangement of the tips according to the height parameters of the tips by controlling the mechanical linear motion structure, and control the electrode needle heating device to heat the electrode needles to adjust the curvature of the electrode needles according to the curvature radius parameters.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes an ultraviolet lamp tube and a humidity and heat control device. The ultraviolet lamp tube is installed on the inner wall of the multi-factor aging test space of the aging box, and the humidity and heat control device is installed inside the aging box to provide a humid and hot environment for the multi-factor aging test space.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: It provides a multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode. Through the optimized calculation of the electric field by the interaction terminal of the electric field calculation and control system, the electric field fluctuation within the effective corona region is reduced to only 1.3%. By introducing a two-stage mechanical linear motion structure and different curvature controls of the electrode needles, the electric field on the surface of the specimen is completely dynamically controllable. At the same time, the high-voltage lead is introduced through the wall bushing of the aging box, and a multi-factor aging platform considering corona, uniform electric field, ultraviolet, high temperature, high humidity, salt spray, etc. is proposed, which can fully reproduce the real situation of key insulating materials such as high-voltage bushings and insulators, and realize a multi-factor insulation aging test that conforms to the actual situation. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a layout schematic diagram of an embodiment of the multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode of this solution;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device of this solution;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a flow schematic diagram of an embodiment of the process of the interaction terminal of the electric field calculation and control system dynamically controlling the electric field on the surface of the specimen of this solution;

[0021] Figure 4 It is the electric field diagram of the surface of a single-needle plate electrode sample in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 5 It is the electric field diagram of the surface of a sample when the horizontal distance between needles of an embodiment of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device of this solution is 10 mm;

[0023] Figure 6 It is the electric field diagram of the surface of a sample when the horizontal distance between needles of an embodiment of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device of this solution is 7.5 mm;

[0024] Figure 7The surface electric field diagram of the sample when the horizontal distance between needles of a controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device in this solution is 5 mm;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the surface electric field intensity and electric field fluctuation of a controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device in this solution with different horizontal distances between needles;

[0026] Figure 9 Stable corona effect diagram between multi-needle plates of a controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device in this solution;

[0027] Among them, 1 - Interaction terminal of electric field calculation and control system, 2 - Multi-factor aging test space, 3 - Aging box, 4 - Ultraviolet lamp tube, 5 - Wall-piercing bushing, 6 - High-voltage generating device, 7 - Humidity and heat control device, 8 - Controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device, 81 - Electrode needle control device, 82 - Electrode needle, 83 - Electrode plate, 84 - Lead screw, 85 - Lead screw motor, 86 - Grounding part, 87 - Specimen stage, 88 - Laser array, 9 - Specimen. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0029] A multi-factor aging platform based on electric field optimized multi-needle plate electrode, comprising an aging box 3, a high voltage generating device 6, an electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal 1, a controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8, an ultraviolet lamp 4 and a humidity and heat control device 7, wherein the aging box 3 is provided with a multi-factor aging test space 2, the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8 is provided with a test piece table 87 for fixing a test piece 9, the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8, the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8 test piece table 87 is provided with an electrode plate 83 vertically provided with an array of regularly arranged electrode needles 87 across the test piece 9, the test piece table 87 itself is also a metal plate, in this embodiment, the test piece table 87 is at the bottom of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8, and the electrode plate 83 is at the top of the test piece table 87, and can also be arranged upside down, the electrode plate 83 is indirectly electrically connected to the high voltage generating device 6 outside the aging box 3 through a wall-penetrating sleeve 5 provided on the aging box 3, in this embodiment, the electrode The plate 83 is connected through the fixed column of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8 through the through-wall sleeve 5 and is electrically connected to the output end of the high-voltage generating device 6, or it can be directly connected through the through-wall sleeve 5. The tip of the electrode needle 87 maintains a distance from the outer surface of the test piece 9. The electrode needle 87 is indirectly electrically connected to the electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal 1 outside the aging box 3 through the through-wall sleeve 5 set on the aging box 3 and uses the mechanical linear motion structure to move vertically under the control of the electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal 1 to form a uniform electric field outside the test piece 9. In this embodiment, since a two-stage mechanical linear motion structure is provided, the wiring harnesses of the two-stage mechanical linear motion structures are all electrically connected to the electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal 1 through the through-wall sleeve 5. The high-voltage generating device 6 usually includes a voltage regulator and a test transformer. The test transformer is connected to the mains through the voltage regulator, and the high-voltage output of the test transformer is connected to the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8 of the multi-factor aging test space 2 through the through-wall sleeve 5. The heat and humidity control device 7 is arranged at the bottom of the aging box 3 to generate a high humidity and spray salt mist environment. The ultraviolet lamp 4 is vertically installed on the box wall of the multi-factor aging test space 2 to irradiate the test piece 9 with ultraviolet light to simulate the real environment. A grounding piece 86 is also installed at the bottom of the test piece table 87 of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8. The grounding wire of the grounding piece 86 passes through the wall sleeve 5 and is connected to the ground wire of the high voltage generating device 6 outside the box (omitted in the drawing and not shown).

[0030] In this embodiment, there are two-stage mechanical linear motion structures. The first stage drives the electrode plate 83 to drive the overall vertical motion of the electrode needle 87 array, and the second stage is the individual vertical motion of the electrode needle 87 in the electrode needle 87 array.

[0031] The first-level mechanical linear motion structure includes a lead screw 84 and a lead screw motor 85. The lead screw motor 85 is fixed on the top bracket of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device 8. The lead screw 84 is fixed on the shaft of the lead screw motor 85. The electrode plate 83 is fixedly connected to the lead screw plate on the opposite side of the electrode needle 87 through a fixing column. The lead screw plate is threadedly connected to the lead screw 84 through an internal threaded member thereon. This level can also be realized by using a linear motor and a linear guide rail.

[0032] The second-level mechanical linear motion structure includes an electrode needle control device 81. The electrode needle 82 is installed on the electrode plate 83 through the electrode needle control device 81. The electrode needle 82 moves vertically relative to the electrode plate 82 through the electrode needle control device 81. All the electrode needle control devices 81 are connected to the multi-needle drive circuit of the electrode needle control device 81 of the electric field calculation and control system interaction terminal 1. The electrode needle control device 81 also uses a lead screw pair structure, that is, a micro lead screw motor is used at the top, and a lead screw is connected at the lower part. The lead screw moves vertically in the internal thread of the electrode needle hole of the electrode plate 83. Similarly, this can also be realized by using a linear motor and a linear guide rail.

[0033] In this embodiment, by adjusting geometric parameters such as the curvature radius of the electrode and the height of the needle tip, etc., the dynamic change of the electric field distribution in the actual working condition is simulated. Only by changing the curvature radius through the shape memory alloy can the fine adjustment of the electric field be realized, and the corona intensity under a specific electric field can be controlled. A large curvature radius will reduce the corona intensity. This embodiment also includes an electrode needle heating device electrically connected to the electric field calculation and control system interaction terminal 1. The electrode needle 82 uses a shape memory alloy, and the shape memory alloy can use a nickel-titanium alloy with the brand number NiTi or NiTiCu, which has excellent shape memory effect and superelasticity and can restore the preset shape at a specific temperature. In the martensite phase, that is, at room temperature, the electrode needle 82 is mechanically bent to the target shape and fixed, and heat treatment is carried out for sizing. The electrode needle heating device heats the electrode needle 82. In order to facilitate precise control, a laser array 88 is used for the electrode needle heating device in this embodiment. The laser array 88 is installed on the circular plate surrounded by the columns around the electrode needle 82 for heating the electrode needle 82. The laser array 88 can also be installed on the box wall near the height of the electrode needle 82 in the multi-factor aging test space 2. The electrode needle heating device can also use an irradiation heating device.

[0034] The optimized spacing between the electrode needle 82 and the specimen 9 can be calculated according to the following steps. First, establish a geometric model of the multi-needle plate electrode structure system and set the material properties. Since this calculation system belongs to an electrostatic field model, the relative permittivity of the material needs to be defined. These parameters can be obtained by referring to material manuals or experimental measurements. In this embodiment, the insulating material is epoxy resin, and the relative permittivity is set to 3.5; the metal conductor is set with an equivalent large relative permittivity, and the relative permittivity is set to 8000; the sample 9 is taken as high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber as an example, and the sample is arranged on the specimen stage 87, and the relative permittivity calculation domain is set to 3; the relative permittivity calculation domain of air is set to 1. Then set the calculation boundary conditions and mesh division: voltage boundary conditions, select the area on the electrode plate 83 where the voltage is applied and set its voltage value. In this embodiment, taking the application of a 10 kV voltage as an example. For the grounded part of the specimen stage 87, set its potential to 0 V. Use a suitable mesh division algorithm to discretize the entire model. For areas where the electric field changes violently, such as the tip of the electrode needle 82, the mesh needs to be refined to improve the calculation accuracy. In this embodiment, tetrahedral meshes are used to divide the model. Near the tip of the electrode needle 82, the mesh size is set to a smaller value, such as 0.05 mm; while in the area far from the electrode, the mesh size can be appropriately increased, such as 2 mm. Then solve the electric field, and the convergence accuracy is set to 10^-6 to ensure the accuracy of the calculation results. After the simulation calculation is completed, obtain the electric field distribution result data. By orderly adjusting the distance between different electrode needles 82 and the specimen stage 87, a specific form of electric field is formed. Finally, optimize the multi-needle plate electrode structure. Taking a specific electric field requirement, such as generating a uniform electric field on the sample surface, as the goal, find the optimal multi-needle arrangement, needle-plate spacing, horizontal needle-to-needle spacing, vertical needle-to-needle spacing and other variables according to the electric field calculation results. For example, for the horizontal needle-to-needle spacing, when the horizontal needle-to-needle spacing decreases, on the one hand, the electric field strength on the silicone rubber surface increases and the effective corona area decreases; on the other hand, the electric field fluctuation situation is improved to a great extent, from 7.9% at a horizontal needle-to-needle spacing of 10 mm to 1.3% at a horizontal needle-to-needle spacing of 5 mm. Considering that further decreasing the horizontal needle-to-needle spacing will cause the effective corona area to not meet the requirements of physical and chemical performance tests, it is considered that the horizontal needle-to-needle spacing of 5 mm is the optimal solution for the tip horizontal arrangement. Taking generating a uniform electric field on the sample surface as the goal in this embodiment, the optimal parameters are proposed: the electrode needle 82 array is distributed in a regular hexagon, the needle-plate spacing is 4 mm, the horizontal needle-to-needle distance is 5 mm, the vertical direction between the needles remains horizontal, the electric field strength on the silicone rubber surface is 0.874 kV / mm, and the electric field fluctuation in the effective corona area is only 1.3%.

[0035] The interaction terminal 1 of the electric field calculation and control system usually uses the following steps to dynamically control the surface electric field of the specimen 9. For the finite element interaction calculation of the electric field according to the target electric field distribution, calculate the height parameters and curvature radius parameters of the tips of the electrode needle 82 array. According to the height parameters of the tips, adjust the height arrangement of the tips of the electrode needle 82 by controlling the mechanical linear motion structure. According to the curvature radius parameters, control the electrode needle heating device to heat the electrode needle 82 to adjust the curvature of the electrode needle 82. Heat the electrode needle 82 to the austenite phase, and the electrode needle 82 shrinks due to shape memory to restore the preset curvature, such as the tip bending inward. The dynamic adjustment of the curvature is divided into hierarchical control and continuous control. Hierarchical control means presetting multiple groups of temperature thresholds, such as T1 = 70 °C corresponding to the curvature R1, T2 = 90 °C corresponding to the curvature R2, and realizing multi-level curvature adjustment through segmented heating by the laser array 88; continuous control means linearly adjusting the heating power to make the electrode needle 82 in a partially austenitized state, and realizing smooth change of the curvature through high-precision temperature control such as adding a temperature monitoring device. The macroscopic adjustment of the electric field drives the change of the height arrangement of the tips through mechanical transmission, and a specific gradient of electric field distribution can be formed. The macroscopic adjustment of the electrode height can reach millimeter level and large range adjustment, so as to be applicable to different specimen 9 sizes.

[0036] The entire multi-factor aging platform based on the electric field optimized multi-needle plate electrode is also set with operation functions such as recyclable, jump section, and hold, and immediately and intuitively displays the operation curve. Use the touch screen controller to control and set the test program. The equipment is controlled by the touch screen throughout the process, and can monitor test parameters such as temperature, humidity, irradiation, spraying, working time, and cycle period in real time; accuracy: time 1 min.

[0037] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode, comprising an aging box body (3) and a high-voltage generating device (6). A multi-factor aging test space (2) is arranged inside the aging box body (3), and it is characterized in that: The invention also comprises an electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal (1), a controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device (8), wherein the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device (8) is provided with a test piece table (87) for fixing a test piece (9), and the test piece table (87) of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device (8) is provided with an electrode plate (83) vertically provided with an array of regularly arranged electrode needles (87) across the test piece (9), and the electrode plate (83) is directly or indirectly passed through an aging box. The through-wall sleeve (5) provided on the body (3) is electrically connected to a high-voltage generating device (6) outside the aging box (3); the tip of the electrode needle (87) maintains a distance from the outer surface of the test piece (9); the electrode needle (87) is directly or indirectly electrically connected to an electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal (1) outside the aging box (3) through the through-wall sleeve (5) provided on the aging box (3) and forms a uniform electric field outside the test piece (9) by vertically moving using a mechanical linear motion structure under the control of the electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal (1).

2. The multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode according to claim 1, wherein: The mechanical linear motion structure drives the electrode needle (87) array to move as a whole by driving the electrode plate (83).

3. The multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode according to claim 2, wherein: The mechanical linear motion structure comprises a lead screw (84) and a lead screw motor (85), wherein the lead screw motor (85) is fixed on the top bracket of the controllable electric field dynamic multi-needle plate electrode device (8), the lead screw (84) is fixed on the shaft of the lead screw motor (85), the electrode plate (83) is fixedly connected to the lead screw plate on the opposite side of the electrode needle (87) via a fixing column, and the lead screw plate is threadedly connected to the lead screw (84) via an internal threaded part thereon.

4. The multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field optimized multi-needle plate electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mechanical linear motion structure also includes an electrode needle control device (81), and the electrode needle (82) is installed on the electrode plate (83) through the electrode needle control device (81). The electrode needle (82) moves vertically relative to the electrode plate (82) through the electrode needle control device (81).

5. The multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrode needle control device (81) uses a lead screw pair structure.

6. The multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an electrode needle heating device electrically connected to the electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal (1); the electrode needle (82) uses a shape memory alloy, and the electrode needle heating device heats the electrode needle (82).

7. The multi-factor aging platform based on an optimized multi-needle plate electrode by an electric field according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy uses nickel-titanium alloy.

8. The multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrode needle heating device uses a laser array (88), and the laser array (88) is installed around the electrode needle (82) to heat the electrode needle (82).

9. The multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that The electric field calculation and control system interactive terminal (1) uses the following steps to dynamically control the electric field on the surface of the test piece (9): calculating the needle tip height parameters and curvature radius parameters of the electrode needle (82) array according to the target electric field distribution, adjusting the needle tip height arrangement by controlling the mechanical linear motion structure according to the needle tip height parameters, and controlling the electrode needle heating device to heat the electrode needle (82) according to the curvature radius parameters to adjust the curvature of the electrode needle (82).

10. A multi-factor aging platform based on an electric field-optimized multi-needle plate electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes an ultraviolet lamp tube (4) and a humidity and temperature control device (7). The ultraviolet lamp tube is installed on the inner wall of the multi-factor aging test space (2) of the aging chamber (3), and the humidity and temperature control device (7) is installed in the aging chamber (3) to provide a humid and hot environment for the multi-factor aging test space (2).

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