Static and dynamic superconducting block magnetic force test bench and test method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting material performance test instruments, and discloses a static and dynamic superconducting block magnetic force test board and a test method.The test board comprises a mechanical motion system, and the mechanical motion system is composed of a base, a shell, a horizontal ball screw and a vertical ball screw; the horizontal ball screw, the vertical ball screw and the shell are all fixed at the upper end of the base, and the dynamic vibration excitation device comprises an electric vibration exciter which is fixed at one side of a vertical ball screw movable table and is used for applying vibration to the superconducting block to be tested so as to suppress magnetic attenuation; and one side of the annular track is provided with a clamping assembly, and the clamping assembly is used for fixing the superconducting block to be tested. According to the static and dynamic superconducting block magnetic force test board and the test method, three-dimensional magnetic force synchronous measurement of the superconducting block under static and dynamic working conditions can be realized, the limitation that traditional equipment only limits single-axis static test is overcome, and the magnetic influence of a real continuous alternating magnetic field on the superconducting block is simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of superconducting material performance testing instruments, and particularly to a static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force testing platform and a testing method. Background Technique

[0002] Superconducting magnetic levitation technology, with its zero resistance loss, perfect diamagnetism, and powerful magnetic field capture ability, has become a revolutionary technology in modern high-precision transportation, clean energy storage, high-end industrial equipment and other fields. In high-speed maglev trains, the suspension system composed of superconducting bulk materials and permanent magnet tracks needs to maintain a millimeter-level stable gap in complex dynamic environments, such as train acceleration, track vibration, and sudden air flow disturbance. Its core depends on the precise control of three-dimensional magnetic forces. However, superconducting materials face two inherent problems in practical applications. The magnetic force decays logarithmically with time. For example, in static levitation, the magnetic force may decrease at a rate of 5%-10% per hour, seriously affecting long-term stability. The dynamic working conditions will trigger non-linear mutations of the magnetic force, and traditional static test data cannot accurately predict actual behaviors. These characteristics make the design, verification, and optimization of superconducting magnetic levitation systems urgently need a multi-dimensional and high-precision testing method that can simulate real working conditions.

[0003] At present, existing superconducting magnetic force testing technologies have significant limitations. Most devices only support static measurements in the vertical direction and cannot achieve multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic simulation, resulting in missing or overly inaccurate lateral force data. In the static test environment, the time decay phenomenon of superconducting magnetic force has not been effectively suppressed, and the measurement results deviate from the actual working conditions. These defects make it difficult for existing technologies to meet the accurate testing requirements of dynamic application scenarios such as maglev trains. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force testing platform and a testing method, which solve the problems in the prior art that most devices only support static measurements in the vertical direction and cannot achieve multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic simulation, resulting in missing or overly inaccurate lateral force data, and in the static test environment, the time decay phenomenon of superconducting magnetic force has not been effectively suppressed, and the measurement results deviate from the actual working conditions.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force testing platform includes a mechanical motion system, and the mechanical motion system is composed of a base, a housing, a horizontal ball screw, and a vertical ball screw. The horizontal ball screw, the vertical ball screw, and the housing are all fixed to the upper end of the base;

[0008] A dynamic excitation device, including an electric exciter fixed on one side of a vertical ball screw moving table, which is used to apply vibration to the superconducting block to be measured to suppress magnetic force decay;

[0009] An annular track, on one side of which a clamping assembly is installed. The clamping assembly is used to fix the superconducting block to be measured, and a six-axis force sensor is arranged on the clamping assembly. The six-axis force sensor is fixedly installed between the extending rod of the electric exciter and the clamping assembly;

[0010] A turntable, on which a plurality of permanent magnets are circumferentially installed. A driving mechanism is arranged at the center of the turntable. A fixing frame for installing the driving mechanism is fixedly connected to the moving table of the horizontal ball screw. The horizontal ball screw drives the driving mechanism and the turntable to perform a lateral restoring force measurement experiment.

[0011] The turntable is of an annular structure. A plurality of fixing rods are fixedly connected to the center of the turntable. One ends of the plurality of fixing rods are fixedly connected together to form a fixing plate. A plurality of support rods are fixedly connected to the inner side of the annular track, and one ends of the plurality of support rods are all fixed on the side wall of the housing.

[0012] Preferably, an annular groove is arranged at the upper end of the annular track. A sealing shaft sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the annular groove. A rubber tube is fixed inside the sealing shaft sleeve. A push rod is sleeved inside the rubber tube. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the extending rod of the electric exciter, and the other end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the housing of the six-axis force sensor. The clamping assembly is fixed to the upper end of the six-axis force sensor by bolts. The electric exciter is installed on the moving table of the vertical ball screw through a fixing seat to control the vertical movement of the superconducting block to be measured.

[0013] Preferably, two partition plates are fixedly connected inside the annular groove. The upper ends of the two partition plates are both lower than the upper end of the annular track. A liquid nitrogen chamber is formed between the two partition plates. The clamping assembly is arranged inside the liquid nitrogen chamber to provide a low-temperature environment for the superconducting block to be measured during the test by storing liquid nitrogen.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end of the annular track is provided with an outer turned edge and an inner turned edge. The lower end of the turntable fits on the outer turned edge, and a ring is arranged inside the turntable. The upper ends of the ring and the inner turned edge fit together.

[0015] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor. The output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a main shaft through a coupling. A bearing seat is rotatably connected to the shaft wall of the main shaft. The bearing seat is fixed to the upper end of a fixing frame. An installation opening with a diameter larger than that of the main shaft is formed at the upper end of the housing. A threaded hole is formed at the upper end of the main shaft. A fixing bolt is sleeved through a round hole at the center of the fixing plate and fixed in the threaded hole. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the main shaft. Two positioning blocks are fixedly connected to the upper end of the limiting plate. Two positioning grooves cooperating with the positioning blocks are formed at the lower end of the fixing plate. The positioning blocks are sleeved in the positioning grooves.

[0016] Preferably, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the rod wall of one of the support rods. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to a push rod. The push rod passes through the rod wall of the support rod and is fixedly connected to a limiting block. Strip-shaped limiting holes are formed in the rod walls of multiple fixing rods. The limiting block is inserted into a strip-shaped limiting hole on one of the fixing rods. A guiding sleeve is fixedly connected to the annular track. The guiding sleeve is sleeved on the rod wall of the push rod.

[0017] Preferably, the maximum exciting force of the electric vibrator is 200 N, and the frequency range is DC - 2 kHz. It is connected to a signal generator through a signal line to control vibration parameters.

[0018] The test method of the static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force comprehensive test bench provided by the present invention. The test method includes vertical direction magnetic levitation force measurement, lateral restoring force measurement, dynamic magnetic force measurement, magnetic force attenuation suppression test, and continuous alternating magnetic field test in static magnetic force measurement. It is characterized in that:

[0019] The first group, the vertical direction magnetic levitation force measurement test in static magnetic force measurement is carried out according to the following steps:

[0020] Step a1: Install the superconducting bulk to be measured in the clamping assembly in the liquid nitrogen tank, and inject liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen tank until the superconducting bulk to be measured is completely immersed. Install a permanent magnet corresponding to the position of the superconducting bulk to be measured on the turntable, adjust the position of the vertical ball screw, and start the six-axis force sensor for preheating.

[0021] Step a2: Control the vertical ball screw to move upward at a speed of 0.1 mm / s, and gradually reduce the distance between the superconducting bulk to be measured and the permanent magnet from 10 mm to 0.5 mm. At each distance point reached, pause for 2 seconds and then record the magnetic force value in the Fz direction.

[0022] Step a3: Control the vertical ball screw to move the superconducting bulk to be measured downward to the initial position, repeat the measurement 3 times, and calculate the force-displacement curve.

[0023] Step a4: Complete the first group of tests and stop the machine.

[0024] For the second group, the test for measuring the lateral restoring force in static magnetic force measurement is carried out according to the following steps:

[0025] Step b1: After completing the first group of tests, check whether the operating environment is good;

[0026] Step b2: Control the horizontal ball screw to drive the driving mechanism and the turntable at a speed of 0.05 mm / s to laterally displace the permanent magnet by ±5 mm;

[0027] Step b3: Record the restoring force in the Fx / Fy direction through the six-axis force sensor to verify the anisotropy;

[0028] Step b4: Complete the second group of tests and stop the machine.

[0029] For the third group, the test for suppressing magnetic force attenuation in dynamic magnetic force measurement is carried out according to the following steps:

[0030] Step c1: After completing the second group of tests, check whether the operating environment is good;

[0031] Step c2: Continuously record the Fz value for 10 minutes in the static suspension state and calculate the magnetic force attenuation rate;

[0032] Step c3: Trigger the electrodynamic shaker, vibrate at a frequency of 20 Hz and an amplitude of 5 mm, stop after 30 s, and monitor the magnetic force recovery;

[0033] Step c4: Complete the third group of tests, record the data, and stop the machine.

[0034] For the fourth group, the continuous alternating magnetic field test is carried out according to the following steps:

[0035] Step d1: After completing the third group of experiments, check whether the operating environment is good;

[0036] Step d2: Install multiple permanent magnets on the turntable alternately according to the magnetic pole direction, start the drive motor to drive the turntable to rotate to generate a continuous alternating magnetic field;

[0037] Step d3: Control the vertical ball screw to move upward at a speed of 0.1 mm / s to keep the distance between the superconducting bulk material to be measured and the permanent magnet at 10 mm. Start recording the magnetic force value in the Fz direction after 5 s and stop after 60 s;

[0038] Step d4: Complete the fourth group of tests, record the data, and stop the machine.

[0039] (3) Beneficial effects

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench and a test method, having the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. When the present invention is in use, by integrating a high-precision ball screw motion system, a dynamic excitation device, and a six-axis force sensor, three-dimensional magnetic force synchronous measurement of superconducting bulk materials under static and dynamic conditions is achieved, overcoming the limitation of traditional equipment that is only limited to single-axis static testing. At the same time, during measurement, not only static and dynamic tests can be carried out, but also a circular track and multiple permanent magnets arranged in a circular pattern can be used to simulate the magnetic influence of a real continuous alternating magnetic field on superconducting bulk materials.

[0042] 2. When in use, the driving motor can drive the main shaft to rotate as the driving force. The rotation of the main shaft causes the fixed plate and the fixed rod to drive the turntable and the permanent magnet to perform circular motion. And while performing circular motion, the horizontal position of the turntable can be adjusted through a horizontal ball screw, so that a transverse change can be generated between the continuous alternating magnetic field and the superconducting bulk material to be measured, thereby more realistically simulating the scenario of superconducting bulk materials during actual use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular track in a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a turntable in a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of fixing bolts, positioning blocks, the main shaft, and the fixed plate in a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical ball screw, an electrodynamic exciter, a clamping assembly, and a superconducting bulk material to be measured in a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism in a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 is a static and dynamic superconducting bulk material magnetic force test bench proposed by the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural view at position A in.

[0051] In the figure: 1, base; 2, housing; 3, annular track; 4, turntable; 5, permanent magnet; 6, fixed rod; 7, fixed plate; 8, support rod; 9, electric push rod; 10, first motor; 11, vertical ball screw; 12, electric vibrator; 13, sealing shaft sleeve; 14, second motor; 15, horizontal ball screw; 16, drive motor; 17, fixed frame; 18, coupling; 19, strip-shaped limit hole; 20, outward flange; 21, liquid nitrogen tank; 22, partition; 23, inward flange; 24, ring; 25, fixing bolt; 26, positioning block; 27, main shaft; 28, ejector rod; 29, six-axis force sensor; 30, clamping assembly; 31, superconducting sample to be measured; 32, limit block; 33, guide sleeve; 34, push rod. Detailed implementation mode

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Embodiment 1: Refer to the attached Figures 1-8 , a static and dynamic superconducting sample magnetic force test bench, including a mechanical motion system, which is composed of a base 1, a housing 2, a horizontal ball screw 15 and a vertical ball screw 11. The horizontal ball screw 15, the vertical ball screw 11 and the housing 2 are all fixed on the upper end of the base 1; the ball screws of the horizontal ball screw 15 and the vertical ball screw 11 are selected with a nominal diameter of 16 mm, a lead of 2 mm and an accuracy grade of P5, and are connected by the slide rail on the screw base and the slider in the movable table, and are fixed to the screw by nuts.

[0054] The horizontal ball screw 15 and the vertical ball screw 11 are respectively configured with power parts, namely a first motor 10 and a second motor 14. The first motor 10 and the second motor 14 are both stepping motors, with models 60HS78-40D8-21 and 60HS112-50D8-21, and are connected to the ball screw through a coupling assembly to achieve a displacement accuracy of ±0.5 μm.

[0055] The dynamic vibration excitation device includes an electric vibrator 12 fixed on one side of the movable table of the vertical ball screw 11, which is used to apply vibration to the superconducting sample 31 to be measured to suppress the magnetic force attenuation;

[0056] The annular track 3 is provided with a clamping assembly 30 on one side. The clamping assembly 30 is used to fix the superconducting sample 31 to be measured. A six-axis force sensor 29 is arranged on the clamping assembly 30. The measuring range of the six-axis force sensor 29 is Fx / Fy = ±150N, Fz = ±250N, Mx / My / Mz = ±225Nm, the thickness ≤ 10mm, the crosstalk error < 3% F.S. The six-axis force sensor 29 is fixedly installed between the extension rod of the electrodynamic shaker 12 and the clamping assembly 30. An annular groove is arranged at the upper end of the annular track 3. A sealing shaft sleeve 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the annular groove. A rubber tube is fixed inside the sealing shaft sleeve 13. A push rod 28 is sleeved inside the rubber tube. One end of the push rod 28 is fixedly connected to the extension rod of the electrodynamic shaker 12, and the other end of the push rod 28 is fixedly connected to the housing of the six-axis force sensor 29. The clamping assembly 30 is fixed to the upper end of the six-axis force sensor 29 by bolts. The electrodynamic shaker is installed on the moving table of the vertical ball screw 11 through a fixed seat to control the vertical movement of the superconducting sample 31 to be measured. Two partitions 22 are fixedly connected inside the annular groove. The upper ends of the two partitions 22 are lower than the upper end of the annular track 3. A liquid nitrogen chamber 21 is formed between the two partitions 22. The clamping assembly 30 is arranged inside the liquid nitrogen chamber 21. The upper end of the annular track 3 is provided with an outward flange 20 and an inward flange 23. The lower end of the turntable 4 is attached to the outward flange 20. An annular ring 24 is arranged inside the turntable 4. The upper ends of the annular ring 24 and the inward flange 23 are attached. After fitting, the turntable 4 can block the notch of the annular groove to form a relatively sealed liquid nitrogen chamber 21, so that the liquid nitrogen can effectively provide a low-temperature environment for the superconducting sample 31 to be measured;

[0057] The turntable 4 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of permanent magnets 5. A driving mechanism is arranged at the center of the turntable 4. A fixed frame 17 for installing the driving mechanism is fixedly connected to the moving table of the horizontal ball screw 15. The horizontal ball screw 15 drives the driving mechanism and the turntable 4 to conduct a lateral restoring force measurement experiment. The turntable 4 is of an annular structure. A plurality of fixing rods 6 are fixedly connected to the center of the turntable 4. One ends of the plurality of fixing rods 6 are commonly fixedly connected to a fixing plate 7. A plurality of support rods 8 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the annular track 3. One ends of the plurality of support rods 8 are all fixed on the side wall of the housing 2. The base 1 is made of carbon steel. The bottom plane is configured with positioning bosses to ensure that the parallelism of the module ≤ 0.02mm / m. The upper support structure, such as components like the base 1, the housing 2, the annular track 3, the turntable 4, the fixing rods 6, the fixing plate 7, etc., all adopt ribbed designs, so that the maximum deformation displacement < 0.1mm.

[0058] The maximum excitation force of the electrodynamic shaker 12 is 200N, and the frequency range is DC - 2kHz. It is connected to a signal generator through a signal line to control the vibration parameters. The signal line and the signal generator (not shown in the figure) can be realized by using existing technologies.

[0059] When the present invention is in use, by integrating a high-precision ball screw motion system, a dynamic excitation device and a six-axis force sensor, for the first time, three-dimensional magnetic force synchronous measurement of superconducting bulk materials under static and dynamic conditions is realized, overcoming the limitation of traditional equipment which is only limited to single-axis static testing. At the same time, during measurement, not only static and dynamic tests can be carried out, but also a ring track 3 and a plurality of permanent magnets 5 arranged in a ring can be used to simulate the magnetic influence of a real continuous alternating magnetic field on the superconducting bulk material.

[0060] Embodiment 2: Different from Embodiment 1;

[0061] Refer to the appendix Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the driving mechanism includes a driving motor 16. The output end of the driving motor 16 is fixedly connected with a main shaft 27 through a coupling 18. A bearing seat is rotatably connected to the shaft wall of the main shaft 27, and the bearing seat is fixed to the upper end of a fixed frame 17. An installation opening with a diameter larger than that of the main shaft 27 is provided at the upper end of the housing 2. A threaded hole is provided at the upper end of the main shaft 27. The center of a fixing plate 7 is sleeved with a fixing bolt 25 through a circular hole, and the fixing bolt 25 is fixed in the threaded hole. The upper end of the main shaft 27 is fixedly connected with a limiting plate, and two positioning blocks 26 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the limiting plate. Two positioning grooves matching with the positioning blocks 26 are provided at the lower end of the fixing plate 7, and the positioning blocks 26 are sleeved in the positioning grooves.

[0062] On the rod wall of one of the support rods 8, an electric push rod 9 is fixedly connected. The output end of the electric push rod 9 is fixedly connected with a push rod 34. The push rod 34 passes through the rod wall of the support rod 8 and is fixedly connected with a limiting block 32. Strip-shaped limiting holes 19 are provided on the rod walls of a plurality of fixing rods 6, and the limiting block 32 is inserted into the strip-shaped limiting hole 19 on one of the fixing rods 6. A guide sleeve 33 is fixedly connected to the ring track 3, and the guide sleeve 33 is sleeved on the rod wall of the push rod 34.

[0063] During use, the driving motor 16 can drive the main shaft 27 to rotate as a driving force. The rotation of the main shaft 27 causes the fixing plate 7 and the fixing rods 6 to drive the turntable 4 and the permanent magnet 5 to perform circular motion. And during the circular motion, the lateral position of the turntable 4 can be adjusted through the horizontal ball screw 15, so that a lateral change can be generated between the continuous alternating magnetic field and the superconducting bulk material 31 to be measured, thereby more realistically simulating the scenario of the superconducting bulk material during actual use.

[0064] During static and dynamic testing, the electric push rod 9 can be used to push the push rod 34 so that the limiting block 32 is inserted into the strip-shaped limiting hole 19. At this time, the turntable 4 can be locked to prevent the turntable 4 from shifting when the magnetic force changes. The clearance between the limiting block 32 and the strip-shaped limiting hole 19 should be less than 0.5 mm.

[0065] Embodiment 3:

[0066] The test method of the static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force comprehensive test bench provided by the present invention includes vertical direction magnetic levitation force measurement, lateral restoring force measurement, magnetic force attenuation suppression test and continuous alternating magnetic field test in static magnetic force measurement. It is characterized in that:

[0067] The first group, the vertical direction magnetic levitation force measurement test in static magnetic force measurement is carried out according to the following steps:

[0068] Step a1: Install the superconducting bulk 31 to be measured in the clamping assembly 30 in the liquid nitrogen tank 21, inject liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen tank 21 until the superconducting bulk 31 to be measured is completely immersed, install a permanent magnet 5 corresponding to the position of the superconducting bulk 31 to be measured on the turntable 4, adjust the position of the vertical ball screw 11, and start the six-axis force sensor 29 for preheating;

[0069] Step a2: Control the vertical ball screw 11 to move upward at a speed of 0.1 mm / s, and gradually reduce the distance between the superconducting bulk 31 to be measured and the permanent magnet 5 from 10 mm to 0.5 mm. At each distance point reached, pause for 2 seconds and then record the magnetic force value in the Fz direction;

[0070] Step a3: Control the vertical ball screw 11 to move the superconducting bulk 31 downward to the initial position, repeat the measurement 3 times, and calculate the force-displacement curve;

[0071] Step a4: Complete the first group of tests and shut down;

[0072] The second group, the test of lateral restoring force measurement in static magnetic force measurement is carried out according to the following steps:

[0073] Step b1: After completing the first group of tests, check whether the operating environment is good;

[0074] Step b2: Control the horizontal ball screw 15 to drive the driving mechanism and the turntable 4 to make the permanent magnet 5 laterally offset by ±5 mm at a speed of 0.05 mm / s;

[0075] Step b3: Record the restoring force in the Fx / Fy direction through the six-axis force sensor 29 to verify the anisotropy;

[0076] Step b4: Complete the second group of tests and shut down.

[0077] The third group, the test of magnetic force attenuation suppression in dynamic magnetic force measurement is carried out according to the following steps:

[0078] Step c1: After completing the second group of tests, check whether the operating environment is good;

[0079] Step c2: Continuously record the Fz value for 10 minutes in the static suspension state and calculate the magnetic force attenuation rate;

[0080] Step c3: Trigger the electrodynamic shaker 12 to vibrate at a frequency of 20 Hz and an amplitude of 5 mm, stop after 30 s, and monitor the magnetic force recovery situation;

[0081] Step c4: Complete the third group of tests, record the data, and shut down the machine.

[0082] The fourth group: The continuous alternating magnetic field test is carried out according to the following steps:

[0083] Step d1: After completing the third group of experiments, check whether the operating environment is good;

[0084] Step d2: Install multiple permanent magnets 5 on the turntable 4 alternately according to the magnetic pole direction, start the drive motor 16, and make the drive mechanism drive the turntable 4 to rotate to generate a continuous alternating magnetic field;

[0085] Step d3: Control the vertical ball screw 11 to move upward at a speed of 0.1 mm / s, so that the distance between the superconducting bulk material 31 to be measured and the permanent magnet 5 is kept at 10 mm. Start recording the magnetic force value in the Fz direction after 5 s, and stop after 60 s;

[0086] Step d4: Complete the fourth group of tests, record the data, and shut down the machine.

[0087] Through the innovative introduction of the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration suppression technology, the present invention reduces the magnetic force attenuation rate from >5% / min to ≤1% / min, and solves the measurement distortion problem caused by the time-varying characteristics of the superconducting magnetic force. At the same time, by using carbon steel to optimize the base and the phenolic cloth laminate liquid nitrogen container, the system mass is reduced by more than 60% while ensuring the structural stiffness, and the thermal deformation interference is significantly reduced, providing a high-precision, high-stability, and multi-scenario adaptable test means for the maglev project.

[0088] It should be noted that the term "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0089] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force test bench, characterized in that, Including: A mechanical motion system, which consists of a base (1), a housing (2), a horizontal ball screw (15) and a vertical ball screw (11). The horizontal ball screw (15), the vertical ball screw (11) and the housing (2) are all fixed on the upper end of the base (1); A dynamic excitation device, including an electrodynamic exciter (12) fixed on one side of the moving table of the vertical ball screw (11), which is used to apply vibration to the superconducting sample (31) to be measured to suppress the magnetic force decay; An annular track (3), on one side of which a clamping assembly (30) is installed. The clamping assembly (30) is used to fix the superconducting sample (31) to be measured. A six-axis force sensor (29) is arranged on the clamping assembly (30), and the six-axis force sensor (29) is fixedly installed between the extension rod of the electrodynamic exciter (12) and the clamping assembly (30); A turntable (4), on which a plurality of permanent magnets (5) are circumferentially installed. A driving mechanism is arranged at the center of the turntable (4). A fixing frame (17) for installing the driving mechanism is fixedly connected to the moving table of the horizontal ball screw (15). The horizontal ball screw (15) drives the driving mechanism and the turntable (4) to conduct a lateral restoring force measurement experiment. The turntable (4) is of an annular structure. A plurality of fixing rods (6) are fixedly connected to the center of the turntable (4). One ends of the plurality of fixing rods (6) are commonly fixedly connected to a fixing plate (7). A plurality of support rods (8) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the annular track (3), and one ends of the plurality of support rods (8) are all fixed on the side wall of the housing (2).

2. The magnetic force test bench for static and dynamic superconducting bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove is arranged at the upper end of the annular track (3). A sealing shaft sleeve (13) is fixedly connected to one side of the annular groove. A rubber tube is fixed in the sealing shaft sleeve (13). A push rod (28) is sleeved in the rubber tube. One end of the push rod (28) is fixedly connected to the extension rod of the electrodynamic exciter (12), and the other end of the push rod (28) is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the six-axis force sensor (29). The clamping assembly (30) is fixed to the upper end of the six-axis force sensor (29) by bolts. The electrodynamic exciter is installed on the moving table of the vertical ball screw (11) through a fixing seat to control the vertical movement of the superconducting sample (31) to be measured.

3. A static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two partition plates (22) are fixedly connected in the annular groove. The upper ends of the two partition plates (22) are both lower than the upper end of the annular track (3). A liquid nitrogen chamber (21) is formed between the two partition plates (22). The clamping assembly (30) is arranged in the liquid nitrogen chamber (21), and the stored liquid nitrogen provides a low-temperature environment for the superconducting sample (31) to be measured during the test.

4. A static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outward flange (20) and an inward flange (23) are arranged at the upper end of the annular track (3). The lower end of the turntable (4) fits on the outward flange (20). A ring (24) is arranged inside the turntable (4), and the upper ends of the ring (24) and the inward flange (23) fit together.

5. A static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving motor (16). The output end of the driving motor (16) is fixedly connected to a main shaft (27) through a coupling (18). A bearing block is rotatably connected to the shaft wall of the main shaft (27), and the bearing block is fixed to the upper end of a fixing frame (17). An installation opening with a diameter larger than that of the main shaft (27) is formed in the upper end of the housing (2). A threaded hole is formed in the upper end of the main shaft (27). A fixing bolt (25) is sleeved through a round hole at the center of the fixing plate (7), and the fixing bolt (25) is fixed in the threaded hole. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the main shaft (27), and two positioning blocks (26) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the limiting plate. Two positioning grooves matching with the positioning blocks (26) are formed in the lower end of the fixing plate (7), and the positioning blocks (26) are sleeved in the positioning grooves.

6. The magnetic force test bench for static and dynamic superconducting bulk materials according to claim 1, wherein: An electric push rod (9) is fixedly connected to the rod wall of one of the support rods (8). The output end of the electric push rod (9) is fixedly connected to a push rod (34). The push rod (34) passes through the rod wall of the support rod (8) and is fixedly connected to a limiting block (32). Strip-shaped limiting holes (19) are formed in the rod walls of multiple fixing rods (6). The limiting block (32) is inserted into one of the strip-shaped limiting holes (19) on the fixing rod (6). A guide sleeve (33) is fixedly connected to the annular track (3), and the guide sleeve (33) is sleeved on the rod wall of the push rod (34).

7. A static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum exciting force of the electro-dynamic exciter (12) is 200 N, and the frequency range is DC - 2 kHz. It is connected to a signal generator through a signal line to control vibration parameters.

8. A test method for the static and dynamic superconducting bulk magnetic force comprehensive test bench according to any one of claims 1 - 7. The test method includes vertical direction magnetic levitation force measurement, lateral restoring force measurement, dynamic magnetic force measurement, magnetic force attenuation suppression test, and continuous alternating magnetic field test in static magnetic force measurement. It is characterized in that: The first group, the vertical direction magnetic levitation force measurement test in static magnetic force measurement is carried out according to the following steps: Step a1: Install the superconducting bulk to be measured (31) in the clamping assembly (30) in the liquid nitrogen tank (21), and inject liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen tank (21) until the superconducting bulk to be measured (31) is completely immersed. Install a permanent magnet (5) corresponding to the position of the superconducting bulk to be measured (31) on the turntable (4), adjust the position of the vertical ball screw (11), and start the six-axis force sensor (29) for preheating. Step a2: Control the vertical ball screw (11) to move upward at a speed of 0.1 mm / s, and gradually reduce the distance between the superconducting bulk to be measured (31) and the permanent magnet (5) from 10 mm to 0.5 mm. At each distance point reached, pause for 2 seconds and then record the magnetic force value in the Fz direction. Step a3: Control the vertical ball screw (11) to move the superconducting bulk to be measured (31) downward to the initial position, repeat the measurement 3 times, and calculate the force-displacement curve. Step a4: Complete the first group of tests and stop the machine. The second group, the test of lateral restoring force measurement in static magnetic force measurement is carried out according to the following steps: Step b1: After completing the first group of tests, check whether the operating environment is good; Step b2: Control the horizontal ball screw (15) to drive the drive mechanism and the turntable (4) at a speed of 0.05 mm / s to laterally offset the permanent magnet (5) by ±5 mm; Step b3: Record the restoring force in the Fx / Fy direction through the six-axis force sensor (29) to verify the anisotropy; Step b4: Complete the second group of tests and stop the machine. The third group: The test for measuring the suppression of magnetic force decay by dynamic magnetic force is carried out according to the following steps: Step c1: After completing the second group of tests, check whether the operating environment is good; Step c2: Continuously record the Fz value for 10 minutes in the static suspension state and calculate the magnetic force decay rate; Step c3: Trigger the electrodynamic shaker (12) to vibrate at a frequency of 20 Hz and an amplitude of 5 mm, stop after 30 s, and monitor the magnetic force recovery; Step c4: Complete the third group of tests, record the data, and stop the machine. The fourth group: The continuous alternating magnetic field test is carried out according to the following steps: Step d1: After completing the third group of experiments, check whether the operating environment is good; Step d2: Install multiple permanent magnets (5) on the turntable (4) alternately according to the magnetic pole direction, start the drive motor (16) to drive the drive mechanism to drive the turntable (4) to rotate to generate a continuous alternating magnetic field; Step d3: Control the vertical ball screw (11) to move upward at a speed of 0.1 mm / s to keep the distance between the superconducting block to be measured (31) and the permanent magnet (5) at 10 mm. Start recording the magnetic force value in the Fz direction after 5 s and stop after 60 s; Step d4: Complete the fourth group of tests, record the data, and stop the machine.

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