Vector mixer measurement calibration method based on reciprocity characteristic calibration device

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of instrument calibration, and provides a vector mixer measurement calibration method based on a reciprocity characteristic calibration device, and the method comprises the steps: calculating eight error terms needed by correction according to a forward error model and a backward error model of a calibration model, and an S parameter and a measurement value of the calibration device, according to the obtained error terms and the calibration device, calculating an S parameter of the mixer and filter combination by using reciprocity characteristics, then according to the characteristics of the mixer and filter combination, calculating a frequency conversion error term after two-port connection measurement, and finally, according to nine error terms in a correction model, a measurement value of the mixer to be measured and a correction expression, calculating a frequency conversion error term. And obtaining an actual S parameter of the mixer. According to the invention, the frequency conversion correlation error term is measured by using the combination of the frequency mixer and the filter which integrally satisfy reciprocity, so that the calibration precision of the vector network analyzer for measuring the frequency mixer can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of instrument calibration, and particularly relates to a vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating devices based on reciprocity characteristics. Background Art

[0002] In the field of microwave measurement, accurately measuring the scattering parameters of devices in a radio frequency system is a key step in verifying design performance. As a commonly used microwave test tool, a vector network analyzer can efficiently obtain the S-parameters of a network, so it is widely used in the radio frequency and microwave fields. In actual use, to ensure the accuracy of measurement data, it is necessary to calibrate the vector network analyzer reliably. The calibration method of a conventional vector network analyzer usually relies on the ideal calibration values of standard calibration components, such as open circuit, short circuit, load, etc., to establish an error model. Its accuracy is limited by the performance stability of the standard components, and a decrease in accuracy will directly affect the measurement consistency and repeatability of the analyzer.

[0003] For measurements involving mixers, traditional radio frequency network calibration methods cannot be directly applied, and special vector mixer calibration techniques need to be used. Currently, common mixer delay or phase nonlinearity calibration test methods mainly include: down / up conversion method, vector mixer calibration, and phase coherent receiver test method, etc. However, vector mixer calibration will cause problems such as a decrease in the calibration accuracy of the measurement mixer of the vector network analyzer due to the loss of calibration devices and the use of non-reciprocal mixer filter combinations for characterization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this application provide a vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating devices based on reciprocity characteristics, which can solve the problem that the current vector mixer calibration will cause a decrease in the calibration accuracy of the measurement mixer of the vector network analyzer due to the loss of calibration devices and the use of non-reciprocal mixer filter combinations for characterization.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of this application provide a vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating devices based on reciprocity characteristics, including the following steps: S1. Use three single-port devices with calibrated scattering S-parameter characteristics, respectively marked as device O, device S, and device L, as the DUTs for calibration; S2. Measure device O, device S, and device L respectively at two ports of the vector network analyzer to obtain six single-port measurement values; S3. According to the reflection functions of the forward error model and the backward error model, the six single-port measurement values, and the calibrated S-parameters of the three devices in step S1, solve for the six single-port error terms E DF 、E SF 、E RF 、E DR 、E SR 、ERR ; S4. Connect the two ports of the vector network analyzer to each other, obtain four measurement values, and solve for the four error terms E LF , E TF , E LR , E TR by combining the transfer functions of the forward error model and the backward error model; S5. Connect the 1-port of the vector network analyzer to the mixer and filter of the combined device whose combined characteristics satisfy reciprocity, and use the 1-port of the vector network analyzer to measure devices O, S, and L to obtain three measurement values. Combine the three single-port error terms already obtained in step S3 and the reflection function of the calibration characterization model to solve for the overall S-parameters of the combined devices mixer and filter; S6. Connect the two ports of the vector network analyzer to the combined devices mixer and filter for measurement, obtain the corresponding measurement values, and combine the overall S-parameters in step S5 and the two error terms E SF and E LF to solve for one error term E TFC related to frequency conversion; S7. Use the vector network analyzer to measure the mixer under test to obtain the corresponding three measurement values, and based on the six error terms in step S3, the error term E LF , one error term E TFC related to frequency conversion in step S6, and combine the vector mixer calibration correction function to obtain the actual S-parameters of the mixer under test to complete the calibration.

[0006] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the specific process of the above step S2 is as follows:

[0007] S2.1. Connect devices 0, S, and L to the 1-port of the vector network analyzer in sequence, and record the measurement values as Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 respectively;

[0008] S2.2. Connect devices 0, S, and L to the 2-port of the vector network analyzer in sequence, and record the measurement values as Γ O2 , Γ S2 , Γ L2 respectively;

[0009] S2.3. Determine Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 , Γ O2 , Γ S2 , Γ L2 as six single-port measurement values.

[0010] Optionally, in another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the above step S3 is specifically as follows:

[0011] Define the forward error model and the reflection function of the backward error model as:

[0012]

[0013] where a 1M , b 1M are the incident wave and the reflected wave at port 1 of the vector network analyzer, a 2M , b 2M are the incident wave and the reflected wave at port 1 of the vector network analyzer, E DF , E SF , E RF are the hardware error terms at port 1, E DR , E SR , E RR are the hardware error terms at port 2, S 11 , S 21 , S 12 , S 22 are the S-parameters of the device under test, E LF , E TF are the transmission error terms from port 1 to port 2, E LR , E TR are the transmission error terms from port 2 to port 1, Γ O , Γ S , Γ L are the S-parameters of device O, device S, and device L respectively;

[0014] S M11 and S M22 represent the measured values at port 1 and port 2 of the vector network analyzer. Substitute the measured values Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 of the three devices at port 1 into the reflection function of the forward error model to obtain the reflection function equations as:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] Solve the reflection function equations to obtain the three error terms E DF , E SF , E RF of the single port of the forward error model in step S3 as:

[0018]

[0019] where:

[0020]

[0021] Substitute Γ in formulas (3) to (8) O1 、Γ S1 、Γ L1 with Γ O2 、Γ S2 、Γ L2 respectively, and the three error terms E DR 、E SR 、E RR of the single-port of the backward error model in step S3 can be obtained. Let E DF 、E SF 、E RF 、E DR 、E SR 、E RR be determined as the six error terms of the single-port in the forward error model and the backward error model.

[0022] Optionally, in another possible implementation of the first aspect, step S4 is specifically as follows:

[0023] Define the transfer functions of the forward error model and the backward error model as:

[0024]

[0025] According to the four S-parameter measurement values S 11M 、S 22M 、S M12 、S M21 measured by connecting two ports of the vector network analyzer, solve for the four error terms as:

[0026]

[0027] E TF =(1 - E SF E LF )S 21M (16)

[0028]

[0029] E TR =(1 - E SR E LR )S 12M . (18)

[0030] Optionally, in another possible implementation of the first aspect, step S5 is specifically as follows:

[0031] Define the reflection function of the calibration characterization model as:

[0032]

[0033] Measure the three devices in S1 using one port of a vector network analyzer to connect the mixer and filter combination, and obtain the measurement values Γ OM 、Γ SM 、Γ LM . Substitute the three measurement values and the S-parameters Γ O 、Γ S 、Γ L of the three devices into the calibration characterization model reflection function to obtain a system of equations, and solve the system of equations to obtain the overall S-parameters in step S5:

[0034]

[0035] Where:

[0036]

[0037] Optionally, in another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the above step S6 is specifically as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Where, Δ S = SC 11 SC 22 - SC 21 SC 12 , and SC 21M is the measurement value obtained by measuring the combined devices mixer and filter with two ports of the vector network analyzer.

[0040] Optionally, in another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the above step S7 is specifically as follows:

[0041] Use a vector network analyzer to measure the mixer under test, and obtain three measurement values of the mixer under test as SC 11M 、SC 22M 、SC M21 ;

[0042] According to the known error terms E DF 、E SF 、E RF 、E DR 、E SR 、E RR 、E LF 、E TFC , correct the three measurement values SC 11M 、SC 22M 、SC M21 to obtain the actual S-parameters of the mixer under test.

[0043] Beneficial effects: In the technical solution of the present application, first, according to the forward error model and backward error model of the calibration model and the S-parameters and measured values of the calibration device, eight error terms required for correction are calculated. Then, based on the obtained error terms and the calibration device, the S-parameters of the mixer and filter combination are calculated using the reciprocity property. Next, according to the characteristics of the mixer and filter combination, the frequency conversion error terms are calculated after connecting and measuring at both ports. Finally, based on the nine error terms in the correction model, the measured values of the mixer to be measured, and the correction expression, the actual S-parameters of the mixer are obtained. The present application proposes to use a mixer and filter combination that overall satisfies reciprocity to measure the frequency conversion-related error terms, thereby improving the calibration accuracy of the vector network analyzer for measuring mixers. Description of the drawings

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following-described drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a method for calibrating and measuring a vector mixer based on a reciprocity property calibration device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a signal flow diagram of the forward error model and backward error model provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] In the following description, for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, specific details such as specific system architectures and technologies are proposed to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present application. However, those skilled in the art should clearly understand that the present application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details from interfering with the description of the present application.

[0048] It should be understood that when used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations.

[0049] It should also be understood that the term " / and / " used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0050] As used in the specification of this application and the appended claims, the term "if" may be construed contextually as "when", "once", "in response to determining", or "in response to detecting". Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if [the described condition or event] is detected" may be construed contextually to mean "once determined", "in response to determining", "once [the described condition or event] is detected", or "in response to detecting [the described condition or event]".

[0051] In addition, in the description of the specification of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the specification of this application mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of this application. Thus, statements such as "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other some embodiments", "in still other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in another way. The terms "comprising", "including", "having", and their variants all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in another way.

[0053] A vector mixer measurement calibration method based on a reciprocal characteristic calibration device provided by this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 A flowchart showing a vector mixer measurement calibration method based on a reciprocal characteristic calibration device provided by an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, the vector mixer measurement calibration method based on a reciprocal characteristic calibration device includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. Use three single-port devices with calibrated scattering S-parameter characteristics, respectively labeled as device O, device S, and device L, as the DUTs for calibration.

[0057] S2. Measure device O, device S, and device L respectively at two ports of the vector network analyzer to obtain six single-port measurement values.

[0058] Further, in the embodiment of this application, the above step S2 includes:

[0059] S2.1. Connect device 0, device S, and device L to port 1 of the vector network analyzer in sequence, and record the measured values as Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 ;

[0060] S2.2. Connect device 0, device S, and device L to port 2 of the vector network analyzer in sequence, and record the measured values as Γ O2 , Γ S2 , Γ L2 ;

[0061] S2.3. Determine Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 , Γ O2 , Γ S2 , Γ L2 as six single-port measured values.

[0062] S3. Solve for the six error terms E DF , E SF , E RF , E DR , E SR , E RR in the forward error model and the backward error model according to the reflection functions of the forward error model and the backward error model, the six single-port measured values, and the calibration S-parameters of the three devices in step S1;

[0063] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 , there are a total of 10 error terms in the forward error model and the backward error model. Among them, E DF , E SF , E RF are the hardware error terms of port 1. The three error terms are only related to the internal hardware structure of port 1 of the vector network analyzer. Similarly, E DR , E SR , E RR are the hardware error terms of port 2. When ports 1 and 2 of the vector network analyzer are connected, E LF , E TF are the transmission error terms from port 1 to port 2, and E LR , E TR are the transmission error terms from port 2 to port 1.

[0064] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the above step S3 includes:

[0065] Define the reflection functions of the forward error model and the backward error model as:

[0066]

[0067] where a 1M , b 1M are the incident wave and reflected wave at port 1 of the vector network analyzer, a 2M , b 2M are the incident wave and reflected wave at port 1 of the vector network analyzer, E DF , E SF , E RF are the hardware error terms of port 1, E DR , E SR , E RR are the hardware error terms of port 2, S 11 , S 21 , S 12 , S 22 are the S-parameters of the device under test, E LF , E TF are the transmission error terms from port 1 to port 2, E LR , E TR are the transmission error terms from port 2 to port 1, Γ O , Γ S , Γ L are the S-parameters of device O, device S, and device L respectively;

[0068] S M11 and S M22 represent the measured values of ports 1 and 2 of the vector network analyzer. Substitute the measured values Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 of the three devices at port 1 into the reflection function of the forward error model, and the reflection function equations are obtained as follows:

[0069]

[0070] Solve the reflection function equations to obtain the three error terms E DF , E SF , E RF of the single port of the forward error model in step S3 as:

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] where:

[0074]

[0075] Substitute Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 in formulas (3) to (8) with Γ O2 , Γ S2 , ΓL2 Substitution can obtain the three error terms E of the single-port of the backward error model in step S3 DR , E SR , E RR . Regarding E DF , E SF , E RF , E DR , E SR , E RR They are determined as the six error terms of the single-port in the forward error model and the backward error model.

[0076] It should be noted that the solution of the reflection functions of the above forward error model and backward error model uses Mason's formula.

[0077] S4. Connect the two ports of the vector network analyzer to each other to obtain four measurement values. Combine the transfer functions of the forward error model and the backward error model to solve for the four error terms E LF , E TF , E LR , E TR ;

[0078] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, the above step S4 includes:

[0079] Define the transfer functions of the forward error model and the backward error model as:

[0080]

[0081] According to the four S-parameter measurement values S 11M , S 22M , S M12 , S M21 measured by connecting the two ports of the vector network analyzer, solve for the four error terms as:

[0082]

[0083] E TF = (1 - E SF E LF )S 21M (16)

[0084]

[0085] E TR = (1 - E SR E LR )S 12M . (18)

[0086] It should be noted that the solution of the transfer functions of the above forward error model and backward error model uses Mason's formula.

[0087] S5. Connect the port 1 of the vector network analyzer to the combined device mixer and filter whose combined characteristics satisfy reciprocity, and use the port 1 of the vector network analyzer to measure devices O, S, and L to obtain three measurement values. Combine the three single-port error terms and the calibration characterization model reflection function obtained in step S3 to solve for the overall S-parameters of the combined device mixer and filter;

[0088] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the above step S5 includes:

[0089] Define the calibration characterization model reflection function as:

[0090]

[0091] Use one port of the vector network analyzer to connect to the mixer and filter combination to measure the three devices in S1 to obtain the measurement values Γ OM , Γ SM , Γ LM . Substitute the three measurement values and the S-parameters Γ O , Γ S , Γ L of the three devices into the calibration characterization model reflection function to obtain a system of equations, and solve the system of equations to obtain the overall S-parameters of step S5:

[0092]

[0093] Where:

[0094]

[0095] S6. Connect the two ports of the vector network analyzer to the combined device mixer and filter for measurement to obtain the corresponding measurement values, and combine the overall S-parameters in step S5 and the two error terms E SF and E LF in S3 and S4 to solve for an error term E TFC related to frequency conversion;

[0096] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the above step S6 is specifically as follows:

[0097]

[0098] Where, Δ S =SC 11 SC 22 -SC 21 SC 12 , and SC 21M is the measurement value obtained by connecting the two ports of the vector network analyzer to the combined device mixer and filter for measurement.

[0099] S7. Measure the mixer under test using a vector network analyzer to obtain three corresponding measurement values, and based on the six error terms in step S3, the error term E in step S4 LF , and the one error term related to frequency conversion in step S6 TFC , combine with the vector mixer calibration correction function to obtain the actual S-parameters of the mixer under test to complete the calibration.

[0100] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the above step S7 includes:

[0101] Measure the mixer under test using a vector network analyzer to obtain three measurement values of the mixer under test as SC 11M , SC 22M , SC M21 ;

[0102] According to the known error terms E DF , E SF , E RF , E DR , E SR , E RR , E LF , E TFC , correct the three measurement values SC 11M , SC 22M , SC M21 to obtain the actual S-parameters of the mixer under test.

[0103] In one embodiment, a vector network analyzer actually measures a mixer under test to obtain SC 11M , SC 22M , SC M21 three measurement values. From the six error terms of the single-port E DF , E SF , E RF , E DR , E SR , E RR , the one error term of the transmission error E LF , and the frequency conversion related error term of E TFC , first, according to the forward error model and the backward error model functions, it can be known that S 11M and S 22M are respectively the measurement values SC 11M , SC 22M . From the six error terms of the single-port E DF , E SF , E RF , E DR , E SR , E RR and the S 21 and S 12 in the expressionbeing 0, the two equations can solve for the unknowns S of the mixer under test 11 and S 22 . Secondly, according to the function for solving the error terms related to frequency conversion, it can be known that SC 21M is the measured value SC M21 , SC 11 and SC 22 are the S 11 and S 22 of the mixer under test respectively. From the transmission error term E LF and SC 12 being 0, the unknown SC of the mixer under test in the expression can be solved 21 . From the aforementioned solving process, the actual S parameters of the mixer under test can be corrected

[0104] A vector mixer measurement and calibration method based on the reciprocity characteristic calibration device provided by an embodiment of the present application first uses three single-port devices with calibrated scattering S parameter characteristics, which are respectively marked as device O, device S, and device L, as the DUTs for calibration. Then, the device O, device S, and device L are measured at the two ports of the vector network analyzer respectively to obtain six single-port measurement values. Next, according to the reflection functions of the forward error model and the backward error model, the six single-port measurement values, and the calibrated S parameters of the three devices in step S1, the six error terms E DF , E SF , E RF , E DR , E SR , E RR in the forward error model and the backward error model are solved. Then, the two ports of the vector network analyzer are connected to each other to obtain four measurement values. Combining with the transmission functions of the forward error model and the backward error model, the four error terms E LF , E TF , E LR , E TR are solved. The 1-port of the vector network analyzer is connected to a combined device mixer and filter whose combined characteristics satisfy reciprocity, and the device O, device S, and device L are measured using the 1-port of the vector network analyzer to obtain three measurement values. Combining with the three single-port error terms already obtained in step S3 and the reflection function of the calibration characterization model, the overall S parameters of the combined device mixer and filter are solved. Then, the two ports of the vector network analyzer are connected to the combined device mixer and filter for measurement to obtain the corresponding measurement values, and combining with the overall S parameters in step S5, the two error terms E SF and E LF in S3 and S4, an error term E TFC related to frequency conversion is solved, finally, use a vector network analyzer to measure the mixer under test to obtain three corresponding measurement values, and based on the six error terms in step S3, the error term E in step S4 LF , and one error term E related to frequency conversion in step S6 TFC , combined with the vector mixer calibration correction function, obtain the actual S-parameters of the mixer under test to complete the calibration. This application proposes to use a combination of a mixer and a filter that globally satisfies reciprocity to measure the error terms related to frequency conversion, thereby improving the calibration accuracy of the vector network analyzer for measuring mixers.

[0105] It should be understood that the magnitudes of the sequence numbers of the steps in the above embodiments do not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vector mixer measurement calibration method based on reciprocity characteristic calibration devices, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Use three single-port devices with calibrated scattering S-parameter characteristics, respectively marked as device O, device S, and device L, as the devices under test for calibration; S2. Measure device O, device S, and device L respectively at the two ports of the vector network analyzer to obtain six single-port measurement values; S3. Solve for the six error terms E DF , E SF , E RF , E DR , E SR , and E RR in the forward error model and the backward error model based on the reflection functions of the forward error model and the backward error model, six single-port measurement values, and the calibration S-parameters of the three devices in step S1. DF 、E SF 、E RF 、E DR 、E SR 、E RR ; S4. Connect the two ports of the vector network analyzer to each other, obtain four measurement values, and solve for the four error terms E by combining the transfer functions of the forward error model and the backward error model LF E TF E LR E TR ; S5. Connect the combined device mixer and filter with reciprocal combined characteristics to port 1 of the vector network analyzer, and use port 1 of the vector network analyzer to measure device O, device S, and device L to obtain three measurement values. Combine the three single-port error terms and the calibration characterization model reflection function obtained in step S3 to solve the overall S-parameters of the combined device mixer and filter; S6. Connect the two ports of the vector network analyzer to the mixer and filter of the combined device for measurement, obtain the corresponding measurement values, and combine the overall S-parameters in step S5 and the two error terms E in S3 and S4 SF and E LF , and solve for an error term E related to frequency conversion TFC ; S7. Measure the mixer under test using a vector network analyzer to obtain three corresponding measurement values, and based on the six error terms in step S3, the error term E in step S4 LF , and one error term E related to frequency conversion in step S6 TFC , combine with the vector mixer calibration correction function to obtain the actual S-parameters of the mixer under test to complete the calibration.

2. The vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating a device based on the reciprocity characteristic according to claim 1, wherein The specific process of step S2 is as follows: S2.

1. Connect device 0, device S, and device L to port 1 of the vector network analyzer in sequence, and record the measured values as Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 ; S2.

2. Connect device 0, device S, and device L to port 2 of the vector network analyzer in sequence, and record the measured values as Γ O2 , Γ S2 , Γ L2 ; S2.

3. Determine Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 , Γ O2 , Γ S2 , Γ L2 as six single-port measurement values.

3. The vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating a device based on reciprocity characteristics according to claim 2, wherein The specific process of step S3 is as follows: Define the forward error model and the backward error model reflection function as: where a 1M and b 1M are the incident wave and reflected wave at port 1 of the vector network analyzer. a 2M and b 2M are the incident wave and reflected wave at port 1 of the vector network analyzer. E DF , E SF , and E RF are the hardware error terms at port 1. E DR , E SR , and E RR are the hardware error terms at port 2. S 11 , S 21 , S 12 , and S 22 are the S-parameters of the device under test. E LF , and E TF are the transmission error terms from port 1 to port 2. E LR , and E TR are the transmission error terms from port 2 to port 1. Γ O , Γ S , and Γ L are the S-parameters of device O, device S, and device L, respectively; S M11 and S M22 represent the measured values of Port 1 and Port 2 of the vector network analyzer. Substitute the measured values Γ O1 , Γ S1 , Γ L1 of the three devices at Port 1 into the reflection function of the forward error model, and the system of equations of the reflection function is obtained as follows: Solve the reflection function equations to obtain the three error terms E DF 、E SF 、E RF in the single-port of the forward error model in step S3 as follows: Where: Replace Γ in formulas (3) to (8) O1 with Γ S1 and Γ L1 respectively by Γ O2 and Γ S2 and Γ L2 to obtain the three error terms E DR and E SR and E RR of the single port of the backward error model in step S3. Determine E DF and E SF and E RF and E DR and E SR and E RR as the six error terms of the single port in the forward error model and the backward error model.

4. The vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating a device based on reciprocity characteristics according to claim 3, wherein The specific process of step S4 is as follows: Define the transfer functions of the forward error model and the backward error model as: Four S-parameter measurement values S measured by connecting two ports of a vector network analyzer are used to solve for four error terms as follows: 11M and S 22M and S M12 and S M21 ​ 5. The vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating a device based on the reciprocity characteristic according to claim 4, wherein The specific process of step S5 is as follows: Define the calibration characterization model reflection function as: Measure the three devices in S1 by connecting one port of a vector network analyzer to the mixer and filter combination to obtain the measured values Γ OM , Γ SM , Γ LM . Substitute the three measured values and the S-parameters Γ O , Γ S , Γ L of the three devices into the reflection function of the calibration characterization model to obtain a system of equations, and solve the system of equations to obtain the overall S-parameters described in step S5: Where:

6. The vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating a device based on reciprocity characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that The specific process of step S6 is as follows: Among them, Δ S = SC 11 SC 22 - SC 21 SC 12 , and SC 21M is the measurement value obtained by connecting the mixer and filter of the combined device to the two ports of the vector network analyzer for measurement.

7. The vector mixer measurement calibration method for calibrating a device based on the reciprocity characteristic according to claim 6, wherein The specific process of step S7 is as follows: Measure the mixer under test using a vector network analyzer to obtain three measurement values of the mixer under test as SC 11M 、SC 22M 、SC M21 ; According to the known error terms E DF 、E SF 、E RF 、E DR 、E SR 、E RR 、E LF 、E TFC , the three measured values SC 11M 、SC 22M 、SC M21 are corrected to obtain the actual S-parameters of the mixer to be measured.

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