Pipe gallery activity monitoring method and device based on optical fiber fault and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a pipeline activity monitoring method and device based on fiber fault and a storage medium, the method comprises the following steps: acquiring fault point position information when at least one fault point is detected by a fault positioning unit; determining a target analysis unit according to the fault point position information; analyzing the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target position of the fault point by a fault analysis unit, and determining the fault type of the target position of the fault point according to the change characteristics; determining the pipeline activity type of the target position of the fault point according to the fault type; and generating corresponding intelligent decision information according to the pipeline activity type. The pipeline activity type can be obtained based on the fault type, so that the activity of the pipeline can be monitored in real time, and the corresponding intelligent decision information can be generated according to the pipeline activity type, the corresponding processing can be quickly completed according to the intelligent decision information, and the loss caused by the pipeline activity can be reduced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to, but is not limited to, the field of information processing technology, and particularly to a method, device, and storage medium for monitoring the activity of utility tunnels based on fiber optic faults. Background Technology

[0002] A utility tunnel is an underground urban pipeline corridor. It is typically a tunnel space built underground in a city to integrate various engineering pipelines such as electricity, communications, gas, heating, water supply and drainage. It is equipped with dedicated maintenance ports, hoisting ports and monitoring systems, and is implemented in a unified manner in terms of planning, design, construction and management.

[0003] Currently, it is difficult to detect and monitor construction activities or intrusions inside utility tunnels in a timely manner, which can easily cause unnecessary losses to the tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail herein. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose a method, device, and storage medium for monitoring activities in utility tunnels based on fiber optic faults, which can monitor activities within the utility tunnel in a timely manner and avoid unnecessary losses.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for monitoring the activity of a utility tunnel based on optical fiber faults, applied to a utility tunnel activity monitoring system. The utility tunnel activity monitoring system includes an optical fiber installed in the utility tunnel and multiple monitoring modules installed at different locations on the optical fiber. Each monitoring module includes a fault location unit and a fault analysis unit. The method includes:

[0007] When the fault location unit detects at least one fault point, it acquires fault point location information, which indicates the target location of the fault point.

[0008] The target analysis unit is determined based on the fault location information. The target analysis unit represents the next fault analysis unit located after the target location of the fault point along the direction of optical fiber signal transmission.

[0009] The fault analysis unit analyzes the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point, and determines the fault type of the target location of the fault point based on the change characteristics.

[0010] The type of utility tunnel activity at the target location of the fault point is determined based on the fault type.

[0011] Based on the type of activity in the utility tunnel, corresponding intelligent decision-making information is generated.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, after determining the fault type of the fault point target position according to the change feature, the method further comprises:

[0013] analyzing the signal strength and signal integrity of the optical fiber signal by the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault strength of the fault point target position according to the signal strength and signal integrity;

[0014] determining the processing level of the fault point target position according to the fault strength and the fault type;

[0015] generating the intelligent decision information in sequence according to the processing level.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, determining the processing level of the fault point target position according to the fault strength and the fault type comprises:

[0017] converting the fault strength into a strength scalar;

[0018] converting the fault type into a type vector by one-hot encoding;

[0019] combining the strength scalar and the type vector into a fault matrix;

[0020] obtaining a level vector after performing convolution calculation on the fault matrix and a preset convolution kernel;

[0021] obtaining the processing level after mapping the level vector to the fault point target position.

[0022] In some optional embodiments, the fault positioning unit comprises a laser, a coupler, a circulator and a photodetector, and obtaining the fault point position information by the fault positioning unit comprises:

[0023] exciting a preset excitation light by the laser, and delivering the preset excitation light to the coupler;

[0024] decomposing the preset excitation light into reference light and detection light by the coupler, and delivering the detection light to a first interface of the circulator;

[0025] delivering the detection light to an optical fiber through a second interface of the circulator, so that backscattered light of the detection light in the optical fiber is delivered to a third interface of the circulator;

[0026] delivering the backscattered light to the coupler through the third interface of the circulator, so that the backscattered light and the reference light interfere in the coupler to generate interference light, and delivering the interference light to the photodetector;

[0027] The phase change analysis and processing of the interference light by the photoelectric detector obtains the fault point position information.

[0028] In some optional embodiments, the analysis of the change characteristics of the fiber signal after passing through the fault point target position by the fault analysis unit, and the determination of the fault type of the fault point target position according to the change characteristics, comprises:

[0029] The second fiber signal of the first fiber signal after passing through the fault point target position is obtained by the fault analysis unit;

[0030] The change characteristics of the second fiber signal are analyzed by the fault analysis unit;

[0031] In the case where the change characteristics represent that the signal intensity of the second fiber signal is continuously reduced and lower than the first threshold value, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge is smaller than the preset slope, the pulse width is larger than the preset width, and the similarity of the historical change curve and the preset aging curve is larger than the similarity threshold value, the fault type is configured as fiber aging, and the historical change curve represents the change curve of the signal intensity, the pulse width, and the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge fitted by the historical data of the second fiber signal;

[0032] In the case where the change characteristics represent that the signal intensity of the second fiber signal is continuously reduced and lower than the first threshold value, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge is equal to the preset slope, the pulse width is equal to the preset width, and the phase fluctuation amplitude is greater than the second threshold value, the fault type is configured as fiber bending;

[0033] In the case where the change characteristics represent that the signal intensity of the second fiber signal is continuously reduced and lower than the first threshold value, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge is irregularly fluctuated, the pulse shape is mutated, and the phase is linearly drifted, the fault type is configured as fiber stretching and extrusion.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0035] In the case where the change characteristics represent that the signal intensity of the second fiber signal is lower than the minimum threshold value and the phase is interrupted or jumped, the fault type is configured as fiber breakage;

[0036] In the case where the change characteristics represent that the signal intensity of the second fiber signal is irregularly fluctuated, the fault type is configured as environmental interference;

[0037] in the case that the change feature represents that the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as external intrusion.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0039] in the case that the change feature represents that the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation at a first preset frequency compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as artificial knocking;

[0040] in the case that the change feature represents that the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation at a second preset frequency compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as vehicle passing;

[0041] in the case that the change feature represents that the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation at a third preset frequency compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as personnel passing.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the pipeline activity type determined according to the fault type of the fault point target position comprises:

[0043] in the case that the fault type is configured as optical fiber aging, historical activity information of the fault point target position is acquired, and the pipeline activity type is configured as optical fiber aging activity according to the historical activity information, the optical fiber aging activity representing an activity causing optical fiber aging;

[0044] in the case that the fault type is configured as optical fiber bending, first image information of the fault point target position is acquired, and the pipeline activity type is configured as optical fiber extrusion activity according to the first image information, the optical fiber extrusion activity representing an activity of stepping on or burying the optical fiber, the image information being acquired by a camera device arranged in the pipeline;

[0045] in the case that the fault type is configured as environmental interference, temperature and humidity information and second image information of the fault point target position are acquired, and the pipeline activity type is configured as construction interference activity or local environmental interference activity according to the temperature and humidity information and the second image information, the construction interference activity representing an activity of causing optical fiber environmental change caused by construction;

[0046] in the case that the fault type is configured as artificial knocking, third image information and maintenance information of the fault point target position are acquired, and the pipeline activity type is configured as optical fiber maintenance activity or optical fiber artificial damage activity according to the third image information and the maintenance information;

[0047] configure the pipe gallery activity type as a vehicle activity in a case that the failure type is configured as a vehicle passing;

[0048] configure the pipe gallery activity type as a personnel activity in a case that the failure type is configured as a personnel passing.

[0049] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pipe gallery activity monitoring device based on optical fiber failure, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the pipe gallery activity monitoring method based on optical fiber failure in the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0050] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium storing computer executable instructions for executing the pipe gallery activity monitoring method based on optical fiber failure in the first aspect.

[0051] The present application has the following beneficial effects: in a case that the failure positioning unit detects at least one failure point, the failure point position information is obtained, the failure point position information indicating a target position of the failure point; a target analysis unit is determined according to the failure point position information, the target analysis unit representing a next failure analysis unit located behind the target position of the failure point along a direction of optical fiber signal transmission; the change feature of the optical fiber signal after passing the target position of the failure point is analyzed by the failure analysis unit, and the failure type of the target position of the failure point is determined according to the change feature; the pipe gallery activity type of the target position of the failure point is determined according to the failure type; and the corresponding intelligent decision information is generated according to the pipe gallery activity type. The change feature of the optical fiber signal of the target position of the failure point is obtained by the failure analysis unit, and the failure type is determined according to the change feature, and the pipe gallery activity type can be obtained based on the failure type, so that the activity of the pipe gallery is monitored in real time, and the corresponding intelligent decision information is generated according to the pipe gallery activity type, so that the corresponding processing can be quickly completed according to the intelligent decision information, thereby minimizing the loss caused by the activity of the pipe gallery.

[0052] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained by the structure particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 is a step flow block diagram of a pipe gallery activity monitoring method based on optical fiber failure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2Fig. 1 is a structural schematic block diagram of a fault positioning unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 3 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic block diagram of a fault analysis unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 4 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a controller provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] The reference signs are: controller 1000, processor 1100, memory 1200. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0059] It should be noted that although the functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram, and the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a manner different from the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims or above-described drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence.

[0060] The pipe gallery is an underground city pipe comprehensive corridor. The pipe gallery is usually a tunnel space built underground in a city, which integrates various engineering pipelines such as power, communication, gas, heating, water supply and drainage, and is provided with special maintenance openings, lifting openings and monitoring systems, and implements unified planning, unified design, unified construction and management.

[0061] At present, the pipe gallery is difficult to be found and monitored in time when the pipe gallery is under construction or encounters intrusion, thereby easily causing unnecessary loss to the pipe gallery.

[0062] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a pipe gallery activity monitoring method, device and storage medium based on optical fiber fault.

[0063] In the present application, a pipe gallery activity monitoring method, device and storage medium based on optical fiber fault are provided, which are described in detail one by one in the following embodiments.

[0064] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a pipe gallery activity monitoring method based on optical fiber fault, which is applied to a pipe gallery activity monitoring system, the pipe gallery activity monitoring system comprises optical fibers arranged in a pipe gallery, and a plurality of monitoring modules arranged at different positions of the optical fibers, the monitoring module comprises a fault positioning unit and a fault analysis unit, and the method comprises:

[0065] S100, in the case that the fault positioning unit detects at least one fault point, obtaining fault point position information indicating a fault point target position;

[0066] S200, determining a target analysis unit according to the fault point position information, the target analysis unit representing a next fault analysis unit located behind the fault point target position along a direction of optical fiber signal transmission;

[0067] S300, analyzing a change feature of the optical fiber signal after passing through the fault point target position by the fault analysis unit, and determining a fault type of the fault point target position according to the change feature;

[0068] S400, determining a pipe gallery activity type of the fault point target position according to the fault type;

[0069] S500, generating corresponding intelligent decision information according to the pipe gallery activity type.

[0070] Specifically, the fault positioning unit can be based on optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) technology or phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (Φ-OTDR) technology (specific technology is not limited). OTDR technology: a light pulse is transmitted into an optical fiber, and the returned light signal of the light pulse due to reflection, scattering, etc. in the optical fiber is measured, and the position of the fault point is determined according to the round-trip time of the light pulse and the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber. When the light pulse encounters a fault point (such as a break, a severe bend, etc.) in the optical fiber, a significant reflection or scattering change will occur, and the fault positioning unit detects and records the fault point position information accordingly.

[0071] Φ-OTDR technology: the phase change of backscattered Rayleigh light in the optical fiber is used to detect the disturbance and fault of the optical fiber. When the optical fiber is affected by external factors (such as vibration, stress, etc.), the phase of the backscattered Rayleigh light will change, and the fault positioning unit locates the fault point by monitoring these phase changes.

[0072] After obtaining the fault point position information, the system determines a next fault analysis unit located behind the fault point target position along the direction of optical fiber signal transmission as a target analysis unit according to the topology of the optical fiber and the direction of signal transmission. This can be achieved by pre-set optical fiber layout information and position coordinates provided by the fault positioning unit. For example, a monitoring module is set every certain distance (such as 100 meters) in the pipe gallery, and when the fault point is located at the 350th meter, the fault analysis unit at the 400th meter will be determined as the target analysis unit.

[0073] The fault analysis unit analyzes the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point to determine the fault type. Common change characteristics and corresponding fault types are as follows:

[0074] Intensity change: If the light intensity drops sharply, it may be due to a broken optical fiber or severe connection loss; if the light intensity decreases slowly, it may be due to increased loss caused by fiber aging or excessive bending.

[0075] Pulse shape change: Pulse broadening may indicate that the optical fiber has dispersion problems or local unevenness; pulse splitting or deformation may be due to nonlinear effects in the optical fiber or severe reflections.

[0076] Phase change: Phase changes detected by interference measurement techniques may be related to stress, temperature changes, or vibrations experienced by the optical fiber.

[0077] The fault analysis unit can use signal processing algorithms (such as Fourier transform, wavelet transform, etc.) to analyze the optical fiber signal, extract these change characteristics, and compare them with a pre-established fault type database to determine the fault type of the fault point.

[0078] According to the fault type, the type of pipe gallery activity is determined, which requires establishing a correlation between the fault type and the pipe gallery activity. For example: optical fiber breakage: may be due to external force damage caused by construction activities, mechanical collisions, etc. within the pipe gallery; fiber aging: may be related to long-term environmental factors such as temperature and humidity changes, chemical corrosion, etc. within the pipe gallery; fiber vibration: may be caused by equipment operation, vehicle travel, or personnel activity within the pipe gallery. Through this correlation, the system can infer the type of pipe gallery activity that may have caused the fault from the fault type.

[0079] According to the determined type of pipe gallery activity, the system generates corresponding intelligent decision-making information to guide the operation and management of the pipe gallery. For example: construction activity-induced faults: decision-making information can include suggestions such as suspending construction, conducting safety inspections in the construction area, repairing damaged optical fibers, etc. Environmental factors leading to fiber aging: decision-making information can include improving ventilation and dehumidification conditions in the pipe gallery, conducting protective treatment in the corrosion area, regularly checking the aging of the optical fiber, etc. Equipment operation-induced vibration: decision-making information can include maintaining and debugging the equipment, increasing damping measures, optimizing equipment operation parameters, etc.

[0080] In some optional embodiments, after determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics, the method further comprises:

[0081] analyzing the signal strength and signal integrity of the optical fiber signal through the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault strength of the target location of the fault point according to the signal strength and signal integrity;

[0082] determine a processing level of the fault point target position according to the fault intensity and the fault type;

[0083] generate the intelligent decision-making information according to the processing level.

[0084] Specifically, the fault analysis unit determines the fault intensity of the fault point target position by analyzing the signal intensity and signal integrity of the optical fiber signal, and the specific process is as follows:

[0085] Signal intensity analysis: the fault analysis unit monitors the light intensity value of the optical fiber signal in real time. The light intensity value of the fault point target position is compared with the light intensity value in the normal state. For example, the normal light intensity value is , and the light intensity value after the fault is The change degree of signal intensity can be measured by calculating the light intensity attenuation rate The higher the attenuation rate, the greater the impact of the fault on the signal intensity.

[0086] Signal integrity analysis: signal integrity can be evaluated from multiple aspects, such as the distortion degree of pulse shape, bit error rate, etc. By analyzing the waveform of the optical pulse, it is determined whether there are abnormal conditions such as pulse broadening, splitting, oscillation, etc. At the same time, the bit error rate in the signal transmission process is calculated, and the higher the bit error rate, the worse the signal integrity. The respective indicators of signal intensity and signal integrity can be integrated to obtain a quantitative fault intensity value . For example, the signal intensity attenuation rate weight is , the pulse distortion degree weight is , the bit error rate weight is , and + + =1, then the fault intensity is represented as:

[0087] = × + × pulse distortion index + × bit error rate index.

[0088] According to the fault intensity and the fault type, the processing level of the fault point target position is determined, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0089] Establish a mapping relationship between the fault intensity and the fault type: pre-set the corresponding relationship between the fault intensity and the processing level under different fault types. For example, for the fault type of optical fiber breakage, when the fault intensity is greater than a certain threshold , the processing level is urgent; when is between the threshold and When the fault intensity is greater than 0.8, the processing level is serious; when the fault intensity is greater than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.8, the processing level is general; and when the fault intensity is less than 0.5, the processing level is normal. When the fault intensity is greater than 0.8, the processing level is serious; when the fault intensity is greater than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.8, the processing level is general; and when the fault intensity is less than 0.5, the processing level is normal. When the fault intensity is greater than 0.8, the processing level is serious; when the fault intensity is greater than 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.8, the processing level is general; and when the fault intensity is less than 0.5, the processing level is normal.

[0090] Determining the processing level: according to the fault intensity value calculated by the fault analysis unit and the known fault type, the mapping relationship of the above fault intensity and fault type is found, and the processing level of the target position of the fault point is determined. The processing level can be divided into multiple levels (or processing sequence values, the smaller the sequence value, the higher the processing level), such as emergency, serious, general, etc., so that different measures can be taken according to different levels in the future.

[0091] According to the processing level, the intelligent decision information is generated in turn, and the specific content is as follows:

[0092] Emergency processing level: when the processing level is emergency, the intelligent decision information should include immediately stopping the activities that may cause the fault (such as construction activities in the pipe gallery), quickly organizing professional maintenance personnel to go to the fault point for repair, and at the same time, conducting a comprehensive inspection on other equipment and lines in the pipe gallery to prevent the occurrence of secondary faults. Also can notify the relevant departments and personnel, such as pipe gallery management department, safety supervision department, etc., to timely make emergency preparation and coordination work.

[0093] Serious processing level: for serious processing level, the intelligent decision information can include arranging maintenance personnel to arrive at the fault point for repair within a specified time (such as 24 hours), conducting in-depth investigation and analysis on the fault reason, formulating corresponding preventive measures to avoid similar faults from occurring again. At the same time, the optical fibers and equipment around the fault point are closely monitored to ensure their normal operation.

[0094] General processing level: when the processing level is general, the intelligent decision information can be to arrange regular inspection and maintenance plan, further observe and evaluate the fault point, and gradually repair the fault according to the actual situation. The related equipment and lines in the pipe gallery can be optimized and adjusted to improve their stability and reliability.

[0095] In some optional embodiments, the processing level of the target position of the fault point is determined according to the fault intensity and the fault type, including: converting the fault intensity into an intensity scalar; converting the fault type into a type vector through one-hot encoding; combining the intensity scalar and the type vector into a fault matrix; performing convolution calculation on the fault matrix and a preset convolution kernel to obtain a level vector; and mapping the level vector to the target position of the fault point to obtain the processing level.

[0096] Specifically, the fault intensity is a quantitative value obtained by analyzing the signal intensity and signal integrity of the optical fiber signal. To facilitate subsequent processing, it is converted into a single scalar value. For example, if the previously calculated fault intensity is a comprehensive index (as mentioned earlier, a value calculated by weighting), it can be directly taken as the intensity scalar. Or, according to the actual situation, further normalization processing is performed on to make its value range between 0 and 1, such as using the formula:

[0097] ;

[0098] Where and are the minimum and maximum values of the fault intensity, respectively.

[0099] Convert the fault type into a type vector by one-hot encoding: One-hot encoding is a method of converting categorical variables into vector form. Suppose there are types of pipe gallery faults, such as optical fiber breakage, optical fiber aging, optical fiber bending, etc. For each fault type, create a vector of length , where only the position corresponding to the fault type is 1, and the rest are 0. For example, if there are three fault types, "optical fiber breakage", "optical fiber aging", and "optical fiber bending", when the fault type is "optical fiber breakage", the one-hot encoded type vector is [1, 0, 0]; when the fault type is "optical fiber aging", the type vector is [0, 1, 0], and so on. This will not be repeated here.

[0100] Combine the intensity scalar and type vector into a fault matrix: Combine the obtained intensity scalar and type vector to form a fault matrix. The intensity scalar is , and the type vector is , then the fault matrix can be represented as a 1x( +1) matrix, i.e. .

[0101] After convolution calculation of the fault matrix and the preset convolution kernel, the level vector is obtained: The preset convolution kernel is a matrix designed based on experience or historical data, used to extract features from the fault matrix and calculate the processing level. Let the preset convolution kernel be , which is a 1x( +1) matrix, where the elements are weights determined according to the importance evaluation of different fault intensities and fault types. For example, , where corresponds to the weight of the fault intensity, ​corresponding to different fault types. The convolution calculation is an operation of element multiplication and summation between the fault matrix and the preset convolution kernel The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] wherein fij is the i-th element of the fault matrix F, is the j-th element of the preset convolution kernel K. The calculation result is a scalar value, which is expanded into a 1x1 matrix, i.e., a level vector. The processing level is obtained after the level vector is mapped to the target position of the fault point: according to a preset mapping rule, the value of the level vector is mapped to the corresponding processing level. A plurality of thresholds can be set to divide the value of the level vector into different intervals, and each interval corresponds to a processing level. For example, when the value of the level vector is between 0 and 0.3, the processing level is "low"; when the value is between 0.3 and 0.7, the processing level is "medium"; and when the value is between 0.7 and 1, the processing level is "high". Through this mapping relationship, the level vector is associated with the target position of the fault point, and the processing level of the fault point is obtained. In some optional embodiments, the fault positioning unit includes a laser, a coupler, a circulator and a photodetector, and the acquisition of the fault point position information by the fault positioning unit includes:

[0104] exciting a preset excitation light by the laser and delivering the preset excitation light to the coupler;

[0105] decomposing the preset excitation light into reference light and detection light by the coupler, and delivering the detection light to a first interface of the circulator;

[0106] delivering the detection light to an optical fiber through a second interface of the circulator, so that the backscattered light of the detection light in the optical fiber is delivered to a third interface of the circulator;

[0107] delivering the backscattered light to the coupler through the third interface of the circulator, so that the backscattered light and the reference light interfere with each other in the coupler to generate interference light, and delivering the interference light to the photodetector;

[0108] performing phase change analysis and processing on the interference light by the photodetector to obtain the fault point position information.

[0109]

[0110] ​​​​​​​

[0111] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 , the laser emits a pre-set excitation light according to the set parameters (such as wavelength, power, pulse width, etc.). The pre-set excitation light has certain characteristics of light pulses, so that it can produce detectable backscattered light when transmitted in the optical fiber. Then, the laser delivers the excited pre-set excitation light to the coupler. The coupler distributes the input optical signal in a certain proportion. In the coupler, the pre-set excitation light is divided into two parts, one as reference light and the other as detection light. The reference light will be used for subsequent interference comparison with the backscattered light, while the detection light is delivered to the first interface of the circulator. The circulator is a multi-port optical device that can transmit optical signals along a specific path. Through the second interface of the circulator, the detection light is delivered to the optical fiber. When the detection light is transmitted in the optical fiber, due to the internal inhomogeneity of the optical fiber (such as the slight difference in molecular structure), backscattered light will be generated. These backscattered lights will propagate in the opposite direction along the optical fiber and eventually reach the third interface of the circulator. The role of the circulator is to ensure that the detection light can smoothly enter the optical fiber, and the backscattered light can be accurately guided to the subsequent processing link.

[0112] The backscattered light is delivered back to the coupler through the third interface of the circulator. Here, the backscattered light interferes with the reference light separated earlier. Interference refers to the superposition of two lights, due to their phase difference, which will produce alternating bright and dark interference fringes (in actual optical signal processing, it is manifested as changes in light intensity). The generated interference light is then delivered to the photodetector.

[0113] The role of the photodetector is to convert optical signals into electrical signals for subsequent signal processing. For interference light, the photodetector will detect changes in its light intensity and convert it into a corresponding electrical signal. Since the phase change of the backscattered light is closely related to the characteristics of different positions in the optical fiber (such as whether there is a fault, the type and extent of the fault, etc.), by analyzing and processing the phase change of the interference light (for example, using signal processing algorithms, Fourier transform, etc.), the information of the optical signal at different positions in the optical fiber can be obtained. According to the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber and the time difference of the return of the backscattered light, the location information of the fault point can be calculated.

[0114] In some optional embodiments, the analysis of the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target position of the fault point by the fault analysis unit, and the determination of the fault type of the target position of the fault point according to the change characteristics, include:

[0115] Obtaining, by the fault analysis unit, a second optical fiber signal after the first optical fiber signal passes through the target position of the fault point;

[0116] analyze the change characteristics of the second optical fiber signal by the fault analysis unit;

[0117] In the case where the change characteristics represent that the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity lower than a first threshold, a slope of rising and falling edges smaller than a preset slope, a pulse width larger than a preset width, and a historical change curve larger than a preset aging curve, the fault type is configured as fiber aging, and the historical change curve represents a change curve of signal intensity, pulse width, and slope of rising and falling edges fitted by historical data of the second optical fiber signal.

[0118] In the case where the change characteristics represent that the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity lower than a first threshold, a slope of rising and falling edges equal to a preset slope, a pulse width equal to a preset width, and a phase fluctuation amplitude larger than a second threshold, the fault type is configured as fiber bending.

[0119] In the case where the change characteristics represent that the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity lower than a first threshold, an irregular fluctuation of slope of rising and falling edges, a pulse shape mutation, and a linear drift of phase, the fault type is configured as fiber stretching and extrusion.

[0120] Specifically, the fault analysis unit first needs to obtain the first optical fiber signal, which usually refers to the signal characteristics of the optical fiber in the normal state or before passing through the target position of the fault point. Then, the second optical fiber signal after the first optical fiber signal passes through the target position of the fault point is obtained. The fault analysis unit analyzes multiple characteristics of the second optical fiber signal in detail, mainly including signal intensity, slope of rising and falling edges, pulse width, phase fluctuation, and historical change curve of the signal, etc. The changes of these characteristics can reflect the actual situation of the optical fiber at the target position of the fault point.

[0121] When the change characteristics present the following situations, the fault type can be configured as fiber aging: the signal intensity continuously decreases and is lower than a first threshold: as the fiber ages, its internal structure gradually changes, such as changes in the molecular structure of the fiber material, an increase in impurities, etc., which will cause an increase in loss when light is transmitted in the fiber, thus causing the signal intensity to continuously decrease. When the signal intensity is lower than the first threshold set in advance, it indicates that the degree of aging of the fiber has had a relatively obvious impact on signal transmission.

[0122] The slope of rising and falling edges is smaller than a preset slope: fiber aging will slow down the response speed of the fiber, causing the rising and falling edges of the optical signal to become more gentle, and their slope is smaller than the preset slope, which indicates that the change speed of the signal is not as fast as in normal circumstances.

[0123] Pulse broadening greater than the preset broadening: As the optical fiber ages, it will cause the light pulse to disperse to a greater extent during transmission, resulting in pulse broadening exceeding the preset broadening value. This is because the characteristics of the optical fiber, such as the refractive index distribution, have changed after aging, making the difference in the propagation speed of light of different frequencies in the optical fiber increase.

[0124] The similarity between the historical change curve and the preset aging curve is greater than the similarity threshold: By analyzing the historical data of the second optical fiber signal, the change curves of signal intensity, pulse broadening, and the slopes of the rising and falling edges are fitted. If the historical change curve has a high similarity to the preset aging curve, exceeding the similarity threshold, it can be further confirmed that the optical fiber has aging problems.

[0125] If the change characteristics meet the following conditions, the fault type is configured as fiber bending: signal intensity continuously decreases and is below the first threshold: when the optical fiber is bent, part of the light will leak out of the optical fiber, causing the signal intensity to continuously decrease. When it decreases below the first threshold, it indicates that the degree of bending has had a significant impact on signal transmission. The slopes of the rising and falling edges are equal to the preset slope: in the case of optical fiber bending, the slopes of the rising and falling edges are relatively stable and equal to the preset slope. This is because optical fiber bending mainly affects light leakage and loss, while the impact on the rising and falling speed of the signal is relatively small. The pulse broadening is equal to the preset broadening: moderate bending of the optical fiber will cause the light pulse to broaden to a certain extent during transmission, but this broadening is relatively stable and equal to the preset broadening value. The phase fluctuation amplitude is greater than the second threshold: bending of the optical fiber will cause the propagation path of the light to change, causing the phase of the optical signal to fluctuate. When the phase fluctuation amplitude exceeds the second threshold, it indicates that the bending of the optical fiber has had a significant impact on the phase of the optical signal.

[0126] When the change characteristics exhibit the following situations, the fault type is configured as fiber stretching and extrusion: signal intensity continuously decreases and is below the first threshold: when the optical fiber is stretched or extruded, its internal structure will deform, causing increased loss of light transmission in the optical fiber, resulting in continuous decrease in signal intensity below the first threshold. The slopes of the rising and falling edges fluctuate irregularly: stretching or extrusion will cause uneven changes in the physical properties of the optical fiber, resulting in irregular fluctuations in the slopes of the rising and falling edges of the signal. Pulse shape mutation: stretching or extrusion of the optical fiber will cause sudden disturbances to the light pulse during transmission, resulting in mutations in the pulse shape, such as flattening of the pulse top, appearance of sharp peaks, etc. The phase undergoes linear drift: stretching or extrusion will cause changes in the length and refractive index of the optical fiber, resulting in linear drift of the phase of the optical signal. This linear drift is an important characteristic of the optical fiber being stretched or extruded.

[0127] In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0128] In the case where the change feature represents that the second fiber signal has signal intensity below a minimum threshold and phase interruption or jump compared with the first fiber signal, the fault type is configured as an optical fiber breakage.

[0129] In the case where the change feature represents that the second fiber signal has irregular fluctuation of signal intensity compared with the first fiber signal, the fault type is configured as environmental interference.

[0130] In the case where the change feature represents that the second fiber signal has periodic fluctuation of phase compared with the first fiber signal, the fault type is configured as external intrusion.

[0131] Specifically, when the change feature presents that the second fiber signal has signal intensity below a minimum threshold and phase interruption or jump compared with the first fiber signal, the fault type is configured as an optical fiber breakage.

[0132] Signal intensity below a minimum threshold: Optical fiber breakage will cause the optical signal to be unable to be normally transmitted, and a large amount of light will leak out at the breakage, so that the signal intensity received by the receiving end sharply decreases and is far below the minimum threshold in the normal case. This minimum threshold is pre-set according to the signal intensity range of the optical fiber in the normal working state, and when the signal intensity is below the threshold, it indicates that the transmission link of the optical fiber may have a serious interruption.

[0133] Phase interruption or jump: When the optical signal is transmitted in the optical fiber, its phase is continuously changed. When the optical fiber is broken, the transmission path of the optical signal is cut off, causing the phase to suddenly interrupt or jump. This abnormal change of the phase is an important feature of the optical fiber breakage, because the phase change of the optical fiber is relatively smooth and continuous in the normal case, and only when a serious fault such as breakage occurs, this mutation will occur.

[0134] If the change feature is that the second fiber signal has irregular fluctuation of signal intensity compared with the first fiber signal, the fault type is configured as environmental interference.

[0135] Irregular fluctuation of signal intensity: Environmental factors (such as nearby electromagnetic interference, rapid change of temperature, vibration, etc.) will affect the optical signal in the optical fiber, causing irregular fluctuation of the signal intensity. This fluctuation has no obvious rule to follow, unlike the relatively stable signal change caused by optical fiber aging, bending and other faults. For example, when a strong electromagnetic device is running nearby, electromagnetic interference will be generated, which will interfere with the transmission of the optical signal, causing the signal intensity to be high and low. Rapid change of temperature will cause thermal expansion and contraction of the optical fiber, thereby affecting the transmission characteristics of the optical signal, causing fluctuation of the signal intensity.

[0136] When the change feature is represented as "the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation compared with the first optical fiber signal", the fault type is configured as external intrusion.

[0137] Phase periodic fluctuation: External intrusion (such as digging, knocking, etc. activities in the pipe gallery) will cause periodic disturbance to the optical fiber, so that the phase of the optical signal appears periodic fluctuation. This periodic fluctuation reflects the frequency and characteristics of external intrusion activities. For example, when someone digs near the optical fiber, the knocking of the digging tool on the ground will produce periodic vibration, which will be transmitted to the optical fiber, causing the refractive index of the optical fiber to change periodically, and then causing the phase of the optical signal to fluctuate periodically. By analyzing the frequency, amplitude, etc. parameters of this phase periodic fluctuation, the type and intensity of external intrusion can be further determined.

[0138] In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0139] In the case where the change feature represents that the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation at a first preset frequency compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as human knocking;

[0140] In the case where the change feature represents that the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation at a second preset frequency compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as vehicle passing;

[0141] In the case where the change feature represents that the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation at a third preset frequency compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as personnel passing.

[0142] Specifically, when the second optical fiber signal has a phase periodic fluctuation at a first preset frequency compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is determined as human knocking. Human knocking usually has a certain rhythm, which will cause periodic small deformation of the optical fiber, so that the phase of the optical signal presents periodic change according to the knocking rhythm. The first preset frequency is determined by many experiments or actual observation of the phase fluctuation frequency caused by human knocking the object near the optical fiber.

[0143] If the phase of the second optical fiber signal fluctuates periodically at a second preset frequency, the fault type is configured as vehicle passing. When the vehicle is running, the contact of its tire with the ground, the vibration of the engine, etc. will produce vibration of a certain frequency, which will be transmitted to the optical fiber and cause the phase to fluctuate periodically. The second preset frequency is determined according to the typical vibration frequency generated by the vehicle running.

[0144] When the phase of the second optical fiber signal periodically fluctuates at a third preset frequency, the fault type is set as personnel passing. When personnel walk, the contact between the feet and the ground will produce regular vibration, and this vibration transmitted to the optical fiber will cause periodic changes in the phase. The third preset frequency is determined based on the vibration frequency generated when the personnel walk normally.

[0145] In some optional embodiments, the pipeline activity type according to the fault type is determined, including:

[0146] In the case where the fault type is configured as optical fiber aging, historical activity information of the target position of the fault point is obtained, and the pipeline activity type is configured as optical fiber aging activity according to the historical activity information, the optical fiber aging activity representing an activity causing the optical fiber aging;

[0147] In the case where the fault type is configured as optical fiber bending, first image information of the target position of the fault point is obtained, and the pipeline activity type is configured as optical fiber extrusion activity according to the first image information, the optical fiber extrusion activity representing an activity of stepping on or burying the optical fiber, the image information being obtained by a camera device arranged in the pipeline;

[0148] In the case where the fault type is configured as environmental interference, temperature and humidity information and second image information of the target position of the fault point are obtained, and the pipeline activity type is configured as construction interference activity or local environmental interference activity according to the temperature and humidity information and the second image information, the construction interference activity representing an activity of causing the optical fiber environment to change due to construction;

[0149] In the case where the fault type is configured as human knocking, third image information and maintenance information of the target position of the fault point are obtained, and the pipeline activity type is configured as optical fiber maintenance activity or optical fiber human damage activity according to the third image information and the maintenance information;

[0150] In the case where the fault type is configured as vehicle passing, the pipeline activity type is configured as vehicle activity;

[0151] In the case where the fault type is configured as personnel passing, the pipeline activity type is configured as personnel activity.

[0152] Specifically, when the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as optical fiber aging according to the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal, such as continuous reduction of signal strength and below a first threshold, inclination rate of rising edge and falling edge less than a preset inclination rate, pulse broadening greater than a preset broadening, and similarity of historical change curve and a preset aging curve greater than a similarity threshold, the subsequent pipeline activity type determination process is triggered.

[0153] Obtain historical activity information: At this time, the historical activity information of the target position of the fault point needs to be obtained. These information can include the environmental conditions of this position in the past period of time (such as long-term high temperature, high humidity environment, or frequent contact with corrosive gas, etc.), the service life of the optical fiber, whether it has suffered slight damage from external force, etc. These historical activity information can be obtained from the operation and maintenance records of the pipe gallery, environmental monitoring data, and related construction records, etc.

[0154] Determine the pipe gallery activity type: According to the obtained historical activity information, the specific activity that causes the optical fiber aging is analyzed, and then the pipe gallery activity type is configured as the optical fiber aging activity. For example, if the historical activity information shows that the position is in a high humidity environment for a long time, and the service life of the optical fiber is long, it can be judged that the high humidity environment and long time use are the main reasons for causing the optical fiber aging, and the pipe gallery activity type is the optical fiber aging activity related to these factors.

[0155] Determination of optical fiber bending fault type and pipe gallery activity type:

[0156] Fault type judgment: When the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as optical fiber bending according to the change characteristics such as continuous decrease of signal strength and lower than the first threshold value, slope of rising edge and falling edge equal to the preset slope, pulse broadening equal to the preset broadening, and phase fluctuation amplitude greater than the second threshold value, the determination step of the pipe gallery activity type is entered.

[0157] Obtain first image information: Through the camera devices arranged in the pipe gallery, obtain the first image information of the target position of the fault point. These camera devices can be monitoring cameras distributed at key positions of the pipe gallery, which can record the image situation of the position in real time or after the fault occurs.

[0158] Determine the pipe gallery activity type: According to the obtained first image information, if the image shows that the personnel step on the optical fiber, or there are obvious burying signs (such as soil covering, debris accumulation, etc.) around the optical fiber, the pipe gallery activity type can be configured as the optical fiber extrusion activity, that is, it is considered that the activity of stepping on or burying the optical fiber caused the optical fiber bending fault.

[0159] Determination of environmental interference fault type and pipe gallery activity type:

[0160] Fault type judgment: When the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as environmental interference according to the change characteristics such as irregular fluctuation of signal strength, it starts to determine the pipe gallery activity type.

[0161] Obtaining temperature and humidity information and second image information: On the one hand, the temperature and humidity information of the target position of the fault point is obtained through the temperature and humidity sensor arranged in the pipe gallery, so as to understand the current environmental temperature and humidity condition of the position. On the other hand, the second image information is obtained again by means of the camera device in the pipe gallery, to check whether there is construction activity being carried out.

[0162] Determining the pipe gallery activity type: According to the obtained temperature and humidity information and second image information, a comprehensive judgment is made. If the second image information shows a construction scene (such as workers are digging, installing equipment, etc.), and the temperature and humidity information also shows a significant change compared with the normal situation (for example, the temperature suddenly rises, the humidity sharply drops, etc.), it can be judged that the construction causes the change of the optical fiber environment, and the pipe gallery activity type is configured as a construction interference activity. If there is no construction evidence in the second image information, but the environmental factors such as temperature and humidity appear abnormal fluctuations, the pipe gallery activity type can be configured as a local environmental interference activity, that is, it is considered that other environmental factors (such as sudden change of natural climate, etc.) cause the optical fiber to be disturbed.

[0163] Determination of the human knocking fault type and the pipe gallery activity type:

[0164] Fault type judgment: When the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as human knocking according to the signal phase with periodic fluctuation and other change characteristics at the first preset frequency, the determination of the pipe gallery activity type is carried out.

[0165] Obtaining third image information and maintenance information: The third image information of the target position of the fault point is obtained through the camera device, to check whether there is personnel operating at the position. At the same time, the maintenance information is obtained from the operation and maintenance management system of the pipe gallery or relevant records, to understand whether there is maintenance work being carried out or has been carried out recently.

[0166] Determining the pipe gallery activity type: According to the obtained third image information and maintenance information, a judgment is made. If the third image information shows that the maintenance personnel are operating, and the maintenance information can prove that it is a normal maintenance work (for example, there is a maintenance work order, maintenance record, etc.), then the pipe gallery activity type is configured as optical fiber maintenance activity. If there is no evidence related to maintenance, or the behavior of the personnel shown in the image is not like normal maintenance operation (such as knocking the optical fiber at will, etc.), then the pipe gallery activity type can be configured as optical fiber human damage activity.

[0167] Determination of the vehicle passing fault type and the pipe gallery activity type:

[0168] Fault type judgment: when the fault analysis unit changes according to the signal phase with the second preset frequency periodically, the fault type is configured as vehicle passing, and because the fault reason is relatively clear, the pipe gallery activity type is directly configured as vehicle activity, that is, the vibration or other factors caused by the vehicle driving in the pipe gallery leads to the change of the optical fiber signal.

[0169] Determination of personnel passing fault type and pipe gallery activity type:

[0170] Fault type judgment: when the fault analysis unit changes according to the signal phase with the third preset frequency periodically, the fault type is configured as personnel passing, and because the fault reason is relatively clear, the pipe gallery activity type is directly configured as personnel activity, that is, the vibration or other factors caused by the personnel walking in the pipe gallery leads to the change of the optical fiber signal.

[0171] Reference Figure 3 In some optional embodiments, the fault analysis unit comprises a splitter and an optical fiber signal analysis module; the splitter separates the optical fiber signal of a preset part of the optical fiber to the optical fiber signal analysis module for analysis and processing. The preset part can be one percent or other, which is not limited.

[0172] In some optional embodiments, after the intelligent decision information is generated, the intelligent decision information, the specific fault type, and the corresponding view information are distributed to the corresponding engineers, maintenance personnel, or relevant department personnel for processing. First, the fiber fault of the fault point target position with a high processing level is processed by order, and the task order of the fiber fault is sent to different engineers and / or maintenance personnel for processing through the specific fault type and the processing level, so that the fiber fault can be processed in time and effectively. When the corresponding engineers and / or maintenance personnel have no spare time, the task order of the fiber fault is distributed to the engineers and / or maintenance personnel who process the fiber fault of the previous level or the next level, the previous level being the previous processing level, and similarly, the next level being the next processing level. By upgrading or downgrading the matching engineers and / or maintenance personnel, the task order of the fiber fault is timely distributed and processed, so that the fiber fault is timely processed. When the task order of the fiber fault is dispatched, the intelligent decision information and the tools, operation steps, matters needing attention, and quality detection after installation to be carried are also packaged and sent to the corresponding engineers and / or maintenance personnel for easy viewing and standardized operation. Within a preset time period after the distribution of the task order of the fiber fault, if the engineers and / or maintenance personnel who receive the task order do not process it, the relevant engineers and / or maintenance personnel are reminded by sending corresponding information. After the engineers and / or maintenance personnel determine that they have no time to process it, the task order is re-assigned to other engineers and / or maintenance personnel who have spare time and can process it immediately, so as to avoid the increase of the loss and harm caused by the fiber fault after a long time; wherein, the preset time period is determined according to the specific processing level, that is, the fiber fault with a high processing level has a shorter preset time period than the fiber fault with a low processing level, and the specific time is determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited here.

[0173] After the engineers and / or maintenance personnel process the fiber fault of the fault point target position, the maintenance records of the engineers and / or maintenance personnel and the detection results after the maintenance are uploaded to the system for saving, so as to be viewed when problems occur subsequently.

[0174] Specifically, when the task order is assigned to the engineers and / or maintenance personnel, the current task quantity of the engineers and / or maintenance personnel who process the corresponding fiber fault, the estimated processing time, and the distance between the engineers and / or maintenance personnel and the fault point target position are obtained, and the engineers and / or maintenance personnel are selected according to the preset time period corresponding to the processing level of the fiber fault, so that the engineers and / or maintenance personnel can reach the fault point target position for maintenance processing within the preset time period.

[0175] The specific estimated processing time is obtained based on the type of task, the status of task processing, and the historical processing speed of the engineer and / or maintenance personnel. This allows for a relatively accurate estimated processing time, ensuring that fiber optic fault task assignments are reasonable and that fiber optic faults are handled in a timely manner.

[0176] The beneficial effects of implementing the embodiments of the present invention include: when the fault location unit detects at least one fault point, acquiring fault point location information, the fault point location information indicating the target location of the fault point; determining a target analysis unit based on the fault point location information, the target analysis unit representing the next fault analysis unit located after the target location of the fault point along the direction of optical fiber signal transmission; analyzing the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing the target location of the fault point through the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point based on the change characteristics; determining the pipeline corridor activity type of the target location of the fault point based on the fault type; and generating corresponding intelligent decision information based on the pipeline corridor activity type. By acquiring the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal at the target location of the fault point through the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault type based on the change characteristics, the pipeline corridor activity type can be obtained based on the fault type, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of pipeline corridor activities. Furthermore, by generating corresponding intelligent decision information based on the pipeline corridor activity type, corresponding processing can be quickly completed based on the intelligent decision information, thereby minimizing the losses caused by pipeline corridor activities.

[0177] In addition, one embodiment of the present invention provides a fiber optic fault-based utility tunnel activity monitoring device, the device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor.

[0178] The processor and memory can be connected via a bus or other means.

[0179] It should be noted that the computer in this embodiment may correspond to, for example, including, Figure 4 The memory and processor in the illustrated embodiment can constitute Figure 4 The system architecture platform shown in the embodiment is part of the same inventive concept, and therefore has the same implementation principle and beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0180] The non-transient software program and instructions required to implement the uplink co-channel interference cancellation method of the above embodiments are stored in memory. When executed by the processor, the fiber optic fault-based pipe gallery activity monitoring method of the above embodiments is executed, for example, the method described above is executed. Figure 1 Method steps S100 to S500.

[0181] In addition, one embodiment of the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, when the computer executable instructions are used to execute the above-mentioned optical fiber fault based pipeline activity monitoring method of the device, for example, execute the method steps S100 to S500 in the above description. Figure 1

[0182] Those of ordinary skill in the art understand that all or some steps in the above disclosed method, system can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware and appropriate combination thereof. Some or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor such as a central processor, a digital signal processor or a microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer readable medium, which can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). As known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, as known to those of ordinary skill in the art, communication media generally includes computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and can include any information delivery medium.

[0183] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.​

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the activity of utility tunnels based on fiber optic faults, characterized in that, An application is made to a utility tunnel activity monitoring system, the system comprising an optical fiber installed in the utility tunnel and multiple monitoring modules installed at different locations on the optical fiber. Each monitoring module includes a fault location unit and a fault analysis unit. The fault analysis unit includes a beam splitter and an optical fiber signal analysis module. The fault location unit includes a laser, a coupler, a circulator, and a photodetector. The method includes: When the fault location unit detects at least one fault point, it acquires fault point location information, which indicates the target location of the fault point. Specifically, this includes: decomposing the preset excitation light of the laser into a reference light and a detection light through the coupler; transmitting the detection light to an optical fiber through the circulator; and transmitting the backscattered light of the detection light in the optical fiber to the coupler so that the backscattered light and the reference light interfere with each other in the coupler to generate interference light; and obtaining the fault point location information by performing phase change analysis on the interference light through the photodetector. The target analysis unit is determined based on the fault location information. The target analysis unit represents the next fault analysis unit located after the target location of the fault point along the direction of optical fiber signal transmission. The fault analysis unit analyzes the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point. Specifically, this includes: splitting the first optical fiber signal passing through the target location of the fault point into a second optical fiber signal using the splitter and inputting it into the optical fiber signal analysis module; analyzing and processing the second optical fiber signal using the optical fiber signal analysis module to obtain the change characteristics; and determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point based on the change characteristics. The type of utility tunnel activity at the target location of the fault point is determined based on the fault type. Generate corresponding intelligent decision-making information based on the type of activities in the utility tunnel; It also includes: analyzing the signal strength and signal integrity of the optical fiber signal through the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault intensity at the target location of the fault point based on the signal strength and signal integrity; converting the fault intensity into a strength scalar; converting the fault type into a type vector through one-hot encoding; combining the strength scalar and the type vector into a fault matrix; performing convolution calculation on the fault matrix with a preset convolution kernel to obtain a level vector; mapping the level vector to the target location of the fault point to obtain a processing level; and generating the intelligent decision information sequentially according to the processing level.

2. The method for monitoring pipe gallery activity based on fiber optic faults according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The detection light is delivered to the first interface of the circulator; The detection light is delivered to the optical fiber through the second interface of the circulator, so that the backscattered light of the detection light in the optical fiber is delivered to the third interface of the circulator; The backscattered light is transmitted to the coupler through the third interface of the circulator, so that the backscattered light and the reference light interfere within the coupler to generate interference light, and the interference light is transmitted to the photodetector.

3. The method for monitoring pipe gallery activity based on fiber optic faults according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point based on the change characteristics includes: When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal strength below a first threshold, a rising edge and falling edge tilt rate less than a preset tilt rate, a pulse broadening greater than a preset broadening rate, and a similarity between the historical change curve and the preset aging curve greater than a similarity threshold, the fault type is configured as optical fiber aging. The historical change curve represents the change curve of signal strength, pulse broadening, and rising edge and falling edge tilt rate fitted by the historical data of the second optical fiber signal. When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal strength compared to the first optical fiber signal and is below a first threshold, the slope of the rising and falling edges is equal to a preset slope, the pulse broadening is equal to a preset broadening, and the phase fluctuation amplitude is greater than a second threshold, the fault type is configured as optical fiber bending. When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal strength below a first threshold, irregular fluctuations in the slope of the rising and falling edges, abrupt changes in pulse shape, and linear phase drift compared to the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as optical fiber stretching and squeezing.

4. The method for monitoring pipe gallery activity based on fiber optic faults according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal has a signal strength lower than a minimum threshold and a phase interruption or jump compared to the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as optical fiber breakage; When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal exhibits irregular fluctuations in signal strength compared to the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as environmental interference. When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation compared to the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as external intrusion.

5. The method for monitoring pipe gallery activity based on fiber optic faults according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal has a phase that fluctuates periodically at a first preset frequency compared to the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as manual knocking. When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal has a phase that fluctuates periodically at a second preset frequency compared to the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as a vehicle passing by. When the change characteristics indicate that the second optical fiber signal has a phase fluctuation at a third preset frequency compared to the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is configured as personnel passing by.

6. The method for monitoring pipe gallery activity based on fiber optic faults according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of determining the target location of the fault point in the utility tunnel activity based on the fault type includes: When the fault type is configured as fiber aging, historical activity information of the target location of the fault point is obtained, and the activity type of the utility tunnel is configured as fiber aging activity based on the historical activity information. The fiber aging activity characterizes the activity that causes fiber aging. When the fault type is configured as fiber bending, first image information of the target location of the fault point is acquired, and the activity type of the utility tunnel is configured as fiber extrusion activity based on the first image information. The fiber extrusion activity represents the activity of personnel stepping on or burying the fiber. The image information is acquired by a camera device installed in the utility tunnel. When the fault type is configured as environmental interference, the temperature and humidity information and second image information of the target location of the fault point are obtained. Based on the temperature and humidity information and the second image information, the activity type of the utility tunnel is configured as construction interference activity or local environmental interference activity. The construction interference activity characterizes the activity of construction causing changes in the optical fiber environment. When the fault type is configured as human-induced knocking, third image information and maintenance information of the target location of the fault point are obtained, and the activity type of the utility tunnel is configured as fiber optic maintenance activity or fiber optic human-induced damage activity based on the third image information and maintenance information. When the fault type is configured as vehicle passage, the utility tunnel activity type is configured as vehicle activity; When the fault type is configured as personnel passing through, the utility tunnel activity type is configured as personnel activity.

7. A pipe gallery activity monitoring device based on fiber optic faults, characterized in that, include: The method for monitoring the activity of a utility tunnel based on fiber optic faults as described in any one of claims 1-6 includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for monitoring the activity of a utility tunnel based on fiber optic faults as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to execute the fiber optic fault-based pipe gallery activity monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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