Arc extinguishing structure for preventing restrike of metal wire electrical explosion circuit breaker

Abstract

The invention discloses an arc extinguishing structure for preventing metal wire electric explosion circuit breaker rebreakdown, an assembling method and a switch, the structure comprises an insulating sleeve, arc extinguishing partition plates, two disc electrodes and a metal wire array, the arc extinguishing partition plates are detachably connected with the inner wall of a cylinder, the arc extinguishing partition plates are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the insulating sleeve, micropores are formed in the arc extinguishing partition plates, and the metal wire array is arranged between the two disc electrodes. The micropores in the adjacent arc extinguishing partition plates are aligned in the axial direction; the two disc electrodes are fixedly attached to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates respectively. The parallel metal wires of the metal wire array are arranged in the axially aligned micropores in the axial direction of the insulating sleeve in a penetrating mode, the two ends of the metal wires are fixedly connected with the two disc electrodes respectively, and compared with arc extinguishing media such as sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen and quartz sand, the arc extinguishing partition plates with the micropores are arranged, so that re-breakdown after a switch is switched off is prevented, and the arc extinguishing effect is improved. The formation of a plasma conductive channel is avoided, the metal wire array can be supported, and the requirement of the interior of the switch for air tightness is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wire electro-explosion circuit breakers, and more specifically, to an arc extinguishing structure, an assembly method and a switch for preventing re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker. Background Art

[0002] Pulse power is an electrophysical technology that rapidly compresses energy and transfers it to a load after conversion or direct release. A circuit breaker is a key component of a pulse power system. For example, a circuit breaker can be used to convert the large current output by an energy storage system into a high-voltage pulse and transmit it to the load. Types of circuit breakers include plasma switches, semiconductor switches, mechanical switches, wire electro-explosion switches, etc. Among them, wire electro-explosion switches have the advantages of large breaking current, low cost, and simple structure, and are suitable for single-shot pulse power systems.

[0003] During the process of injecting a large pulsed current into a wire array, a large amount of energy is deposited in the wire within the microsecond range, and the resistivity also changes with the current injection. At the same time, the wire undergoes continuous and rapid transformations among solid, liquid, gaseous, and plasma states. When the wire reaches vaporization and explosion, the resistivity increases sharply, effectively cutting off the current and playing the role of breaking the circuit. However, after vaporization, metal vapor and metal oxides are formed, and the resistivity drops sharply, making it easy to have re-breakdown and generate plasma, resulting in circuit breaking failure and the inability to transfer energy to the load.

[0004] Experimental studies have shown that the dielectric environment around the wire has a certain impact on its electro-explosion physics. Usually, a dense dielectric environment such as quartz sand and sulfur hexafluoride is required to suppress the re-breakdown process and avoid circuit breaking failure of the switch, resulting in a relatively large volume, weight, and high complexity of the wire electro-explosion circuit breaker. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, a first aspect of the present invention provides an arc extinguishing structure, an assembly method and a switch for preventing re-breakdown of a metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, including: an insulating sleeve, including a cylinder and sealing plates provided on both axial sides of the cylinder; at least two arc extinguishing partitions, detachably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, and at least two of the arc extinguishing partitions are axially spaced along the insulating sleeve to divide the interior of the insulating sleeve into multiple independent cavities. Each arc extinguishing partition is provided with micropores, and the micropores on two adjacent arc extinguishing partitions are axially aligned; two disc electrodes are respectively fixedly attached to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates; a metal wire array, including multiple parallel metal wires, each of the parallel metal wires is axially inserted into the axially aligned micropores along the insulating sleeve, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two disc electrodes; wherein, the arc extinguishing partition is used to support the metal wire array and separate the conductive products generated by the explosion of the metal wire, and inhibit the formation of a plasma channel.

[0006] Optionally, it further includes: two external connection terminals, respectively attached to the two opposite outer side walls of the sealing plate, and detachably connected to the two disc electrodes through two fastening screws.

[0007] Optionally, the arc extinguishing partition is connected to the cylinder by threads or snap connections.

[0008] Optionally, the material of the arc extinguishing partition is nylon or acrylic.

[0009] Optionally, the diameters, lengths and materials of the multiple parallel metal wires are the same.

[0010] Optionally, the number of micropores on the arc extinguishing partition is the same as the number of parallel metal wires, and the diameter of the micropores is matched with the diameter of the metal wires.

[0011] Based on the above embodiments, the present application further provides an assembly method for an arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of a metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, including: opening the sealing plates on both axial sides of the insulating sleeve; arranging multiple arc extinguishing partitions with micropores along the axial direction of the cylinder; passing the metal wire array through the micropores of the arc extinguishing partitions, and fixedly connecting the two free ends of each metal wire to the opposite inner side walls of the two disc electrodes respectively; attaching the two disc electrodes to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates respectively, attaching the two external connection terminals to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates respectively, and fixing the external connection terminal, the sealing plate and the disc electrode on the same side through fastening screws.

[0012] Based on the above embodiments, the present application further provides a metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker circuit, including: a metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, a high-voltage pulse capacitor, a trigger switch, and a energy storage inductor. The metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker has an arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of the metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker provided in any one of the above structural embodiments. Among them, the metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, the high-voltage pulse capacitor, the trigger switch, and the energy storage inductor form a loop.

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention provides an arc extinguishing structure, an assembly method, and a switch for preventing re-breakdown of a metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are as follows: The structure includes: an insulating sleeve, arc extinguishing partitions, two disc electrodes, and a metal wire array. Among them, the insulating sleeve includes a cylinder and sealing plates provided on both axial sides of the cylinder; at least two arc extinguishing partitions are detachably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, and at least two of the arc extinguishing partitions are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the insulating sleeve to divide the interior of the insulating sleeve into multiple independent cavities. Each arc extinguishing partition is provided with micropores, and the micropores on two adjacent arc extinguishing partitions are aligned axially; the two disc electrodes are respectively fixedly attached to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates; the metal wire array includes multiple parallel metal wires, and each of the parallel metal wires is axially inserted into the axially aligned micropores along the axial direction of the insulating sleeve, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two disc electrodes; among them, the arc extinguishing partition is used to support the metal wire array and separate the conductive products generated by the explosion of the metal wire, and inhibit the formation of a plasma channel to prevent re-breakdown of the metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker. Compared with traditional arc extinguishing media such as sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen, and quartz sand, by setting multiple arc extinguishing partitions with micropores, the present invention not only prevents re-breakdown after the switch is turned off, avoids the formation of a plasma conductive channel, but also can support the metal wire array. The requirement for airtightness inside the switch is relatively low, which is beneficial to the lightweight of the switch, thereby reducing the volume, weight, and complexity of the switch. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for describing the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a diagram of an arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of a metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0016] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] This specification provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, but may include more or fewer operation steps based on routine or non-creative labor. When actually executed in a system or server product, it can be executed sequentially or in parallel according to the method sequence shown in the embodiments or the drawings (for example, in an environment of parallel processors or multi-threaded processing).

[0018] Existing wire break switches often have the problem of being too large in volume and weight, which is not conducive to large-scale product application. Considering that the structure of the wire electro-explosion switch determines the breaking characteristics, therefore, it is extremely necessary to design an arc suppression structure to improve the breaking characteristics, thereby promoting the miniaturization and light weight development of the pulse power system.

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention provides an arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker. Referring to Figure 1 The present application provides an arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker to solve the above problems.

[0020] The arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker may include: an insulating sleeve 1, at least two arc extinguishing partitions 2, two disc electrodes 5, and a wire array 4. Among them, the insulating sleeve 1 includes a cylinder 101 and sealing plates 102 provided on both axial sides of the cylinder 101. The insulating sleeve 1 is the outer shell of the entire arc extinguishing structure diagram, with a cylindrical structure, playing a role of encapsulation and support. At least two arc extinguishing partitions 2 are detachably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 101, and at least two arc extinguishing partitions 2 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the insulating sleeve 1 to divide the interior of the insulating sleeve 1 into multiple independent cavities. Each arc extinguishing partition 2 is provided with micropores 3, and the micropores 3 on two adjacent arc extinguishing partitions 2 are aligned axially. Specifically, there are multiple arc extinguishing partitions 2 with micropores 3 inside the insulating sleeve 1. The arc extinguishing partitions 2 divide the internal space of the insulating sleeve 1 into multiple parts. There are multiple micropores 3 on the arc extinguishing partitions 2, through which the wire array 4 can pass, playing a role of supporting and separating the wires, and suppressing re-breakdown after the switch is disconnected. The two disc electrodes 5 are respectively fixedly attached to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates 102. Among them, the disc electrodes 5 are located inside both ends of the insulating sleeve 1 and are used to fix the wire array 4. The two disc electrodes 5 uniformly transmit the large current generated by the external energy storage unit to each wire. The two disc electrodes 5 are generally made of metal materials with good conductivity.

[0021] The wire array 4 includes multiple parallel wires. Each parallel wire is axially disposed in the axially aligned micro-holes 3 of the insulating sleeve 1, and its two ends are fixedly connected to two disk electrodes 5 respectively. Among them, the arc extinguishing partition 2 is used to support the wire array 4 and separate the conductive products generated by the explosion of the wires, and inhibit the formation of the plasma channel.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, an arc extinguishing structure diagram for preventing the re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker may further include two external connection terminals 6. The two external connection terminals 6 are respectively attached to two opposite outer side walls of the sealing plate 102, and are detachably connected to the two disk electrodes 5 through two fastening screws 7.

[0023] Specifically, the external connection terminals 6 are located outside both ends of the insulating sleeve 1 and are used to connect to the external circuit. The external connection terminals 6 are generally made of metal materials with good conductivity. There are threaded holes in the center of the disk electrodes 5, and through holes in the centers of both sides of the external connection terminals 6 and the insulating sleeve 1. The fastening screws 7 can pass through the through holes in the centers of both sides of the external connection terminals 6 and the insulating sleeve 1 and be tightly connected to the threaded holes of the disk electrodes 5, pressing the external connection terminals 6 and the disk electrodes 5 tightly against the side wall of the sleeve.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present application, the arc extinguishing partition 2 is connected to the cylinder 101 by threads or snap connections. In the present application, the arc extinguishing partition 2 and the cylinder 101 can be connected by threads.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, the material of the arc extinguishing partition 2 is nylon or acrylic. In the present application, the material of the arc extinguishing partition 2 is acrylic.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, the diameters, lengths, and materials of the multiple parallel wires are the same. And the number of the micro-holes 3 on the arc extinguishing partition 2 is the same as the number of the parallel wires, and the diameter of the micro-holes 3 is set to match the diameter of the wires.

[0027] In summary, the present application proposes an arc extinguishing structure for preventing the re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker. By arranging multiple arc extinguishing partitions with micro-holes inside the switch to support the wire array, the interior of the circuit breaker is divided into multiple regions, which can better inhibit the re-breakdown of products such as metal powders and metal oxides formed by electro-explosion by high-voltage pulses. Thus, there is no need to fill the switch with quartz sand or high-pressure insulating gas, reducing the complexity and packaging difficulty of the switch. The equipment of the present invention is complete, the solution is reliable, the cost is low, and the operability is strong, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the wire electro-explosion circuit breaker and promotes the application and development of pulse power technology.

[0028] Based on the above embodiments, the present application further provides an assembly method for an arc extinguishing structure for preventing the re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker. The method may include:

[0029] S10. Open the sealing plates on both axial sides of the insulating sleeve;

[0030] S20. Arrange a plurality of arc extinguishing partitions with micropores along the axial direction of the cylinder;

[0031] S30. Pass the wire array through the micropores of the arc extinguishing partitions, and fixedly connect the two free ends of each wire to the opposite inner sidewalls of the two disc electrodes respectively;

[0032] S40. Attach the two disc electrodes to the opposite sidewalls of the two sealing plates respectively, cover the sealing plates on both axial sides of the insulating sleeve, and attach the two external connection terminals to the opposite sidewalls of the two sealing plates respectively;

[0033] S50. Fix the external connection terminal sealing plate and the disc electrode on the same side through fastening screws.

[0034] Based on the above embodiments, the present application further provides a wire electro - explosion circuit breaker circuit, including:

[0035] A wire electro - explosion circuit breaker, a high - voltage pulse capacitor, a trigger switch, and a energy - storage inductor. The wire electro - explosion circuit breaker has an arc extinguishing structure for preventing re - breakdown of the wire electro - explosion circuit breaker provided in any one of the foregoing structural embodiments; wherein, the wire electro - explosion circuit breaker, the high - voltage pulse capacitor, the trigger switch, and the energy - storage inductor form a loop.

[0036] It should be noted that during use, the self - breakdown gap and the load are first connected in series and then connected in parallel across both ends of the circuit breaker to form an application circuit. It should be noted that the self - breakdown gap is a lightning protection device for power systems, and its core function is to guide over - voltage current into the ground through the voltage breakdown mechanism, thereby protecting the equipment insulation from being damaged.

[0037] During the specific use process, after the high - voltage pulse capacitor is charged, the trigger switch is turned on, and a pulsed large current of dozens of kA passes through the energy - storage inductor and the wire electro - explosion circuit breaker. The current density on the wire is greater than 10 6 A / cm2, and the entire wire array 4 starts to deposit energy. When the deposited energy reaches the heat required for the wire to vaporize, the wire starts to vaporize and expand. The wire between the two arc extinguishing partitions 2 is in a free space with an air medium surrounding it. The wire expands and explodes rapidly, and the resistivity rises rapidly, thereby cutting off the current and generating a high - voltage pulse across the switch.

[0038] During the explosion of the wire, products such as metal powders and metal oxides formed diffuse radially and are divided into multiple parts by the insulated arc extinguishing partition 2, enhancing the insulation strength of the entire circuit breaker. The arc extinguishing partition 2 can prevent the explosion products from being broken down by high voltage, avoid the formation of a plasma with better conductivity, and enable the energy of the high voltage pulse to be released to the load through the self-breakdown gap.

[0039] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term " comprises ” , " includes ” or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. Without further limitation, the element defined by the statement " comprises an ……” element does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device including the element.

[0040] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, it is described relatively simply, and for the related parts, reference can be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0041] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of a metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, characterized in that, Comprising: An insulating sleeve (1), comprising a cylinder (101) and two sealing plates (102) detachably connected to both axial sides of the cylinder (101); At least two arc extinguishing partitions (2), all detachably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (101), and each of the arc extinguishing partitions (2) is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the insulating sleeve (1) to divide the interior of the insulating sleeve (1) into a plurality of independent cavities. Micro-holes (3) are formed on each of the arc extinguishing partitions (2), and the micro-holes (3) on two adjacent arc extinguishing partitions (2) are aligned axially; Two disc electrodes (5), respectively attached to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates (102); A wire array (4), comprising a plurality of parallel wires, each of the parallel wires passes through the corresponding micro-hole (3), and both ends of the wire array (4) are fixedly connected to the two disc electrodes (5) respectively; Wherein, the arc extinguishing partition (2) is used to support the wire array (4) and separate the conductive products generated by the explosion of the wire to inhibit the formation of a plasma channel.

2. An arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of an electric explosion open circuit switch of a metal wire, characterized in that, Further comprising: Two external connection terminals (6), respectively attached to the two opposite outer side walls of the sealing plate (102), and detachably connected to the two disc electrodes (5) through two fastening screws (7).

3. An arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of an electro-explosion open circuit switch of a metal wire, characterized in that, The arc extinguishing partition (2) and the cylinder (101) are connected by threads or snap fasteners.

4. The arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of the wire explosion circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the arc extinguishing partition (2) is nylon or acrylic.

5. An arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of a metal wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, characterized in that, The diameters, lengths and materials of the plurality of parallel wires are the same.

6. An arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of an electro-explosion open circuit switch of a metal wire, characterized in that, The number of micro-holes (3) on the arc extinguishing partition (2) is the same as the number of parallel wires, and the diameter of the micro-hole (3) is matched with the diameter of the wire.

7. A method for assembling an arc extinguishing structure to prevent re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, which is applied to the arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of a wire electro-explosion circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Comprising: Open the sealing plates on both axial sides of the insulating sleeve; Arrange a plurality of arc extinguishing partitions with micro-holes along the axial direction of the cylinder; Pass the wire array through the micro-holes of the arc extinguishing partition, and fixedly connect the two free ends of each wire to the opposite inner side walls of the two disc electrodes respectively; Attach the two disc electrodes to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates respectively, cover the sealing plates on both axial sides of the insulating sleeve, and attach the two external connection terminals to the opposite side walls of the two sealing plates respectively; Fix the external connection terminal sealing plate and the disc electrode on the same side through the fastening screw.

8. A wire electrical explosion circuit breaker circuit, characterized in that, Comprising: A wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, a high-voltage pulse capacitor, a trigger switch and an energy storage inductor, and the wire electro-explosion circuit breaker has an arc extinguishing structure for preventing re-breakdown of the wire electro-explosion circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1-6; Wherein, the wire electro-explosion circuit breaker, the high-voltage pulse capacitor, the trigger switch and the energy storage inductor form a loop.

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