A method for cultivating idesia seedlings without de-waxing

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. seedling breeding, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating Idesia polycarpa Maxim. seedlings without dewaxing, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a nursery site, 2) treating seeds, 3) sowing, 4) pre-bud pipe protection, 5) seedling management, and 6) nursery. Compared with the prior art, the present application solves the technical problems of the prior art, such as high dewaxing cost, unevenness, serious seed waste, and susceptibility to diseases and insect pests, which may lead to the failure of the whole seedling cultivation, by the synergistic effect of a special seed treatment scheme and a management scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of *Vernicia fordii* seedling propagation technology, and specifically relates to a method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing. Background Technology

[0002] Mountain tung tree (Illumina polycarpa Maxim.) is a native tree species of Guizhou Province, belonging to the genus Illumina in the family Eleusaceae. It is a tall, deciduous tree, also known as Doushuanghong, Shuidonggua, and Youputao. Mountain tung seeds are numerous and small, waxy, and do not germinate easily in the wild, resulting in scarce wild tung tree forest resources. The entire tree is valuable, offering ornamental flowers and fruits, as well as timber for oil production. It is a high-quality national reserve forest and a woody oilseed tree species.

[0003] The Chinese privet (Vernicia fordii) is a fast-growing tree species, with an average annual height growth of up to 80 cm. Its wood is brittle, hollow, and easily broken, so grafting and cuttings are rarely used for asexual propagation in production. Generally, seed propagation is carried out using Chinese privet seeds. However, current methods for cultivating Chinese privet seedlings all require dewaxing the seeds before sowing, a relatively complex and technically demanding process. Slight carelessness can easily damage the seeds, and incomplete dewaxing severely affects the seedlings' survival. Furthermore, due to the small size of the seeds, dewaxing is difficult. There are currently no dedicated dewaxing machines for Chinese privet seeds available on the market; dewaxing is primarily done manually through repeated friction, which is costly, inconsistent in quality, and results in significant seed waste. It also increases susceptibility to pests and diseases, easily leading to the failure of the entire seedling cultivation process.

[0004] Therefore, this paper provides a method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing, in order to enrich the propagation methods of *Vernicia fordii* seedlings and solve the existing shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing, mainly to solve the technical problems of existing technologies that rely on repeated manual rubbing for dewaxing, which is costly, inconsistent in quality, results in significant seed waste, and is susceptible to pests and diseases, easily leading to the failure of the entire seedling cultivation process.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing includes the following steps:

[0008] 1) Nursery preparation: One month before sowing, prepare the nursery, weed after preparation, spread quicklime evenly to disinfect the soil before sowing, mix the soil thoroughly on the day of sowing, prepare the seedbed, and water it thoroughly.

[0009] 2) Seed treatment: on the day of sowing, stir the seed of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. with water and carbendazim, after wetting the seed, use calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer to treat the seed for 5 minutes, to ensure that each seed of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. is wrapped by calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer;

[0010] 3) Sowing: take the seed treated in step 2), evenly sow on the plot prepared in step 1), after sowing, use a fine harrow to gently turn the soil, and cover with black film, seal and compact;

[0011] 4) Pre-emergence management: before the emergence of Idesia polycarpa Maxim., every 5-15 days, uncover the black film of the seedbed, check the seedbed, after the emergence of Idesia polycarpa Maxim., immediately uncover the film, remove weeds, and carry out the management work during the seedling stage;

[0012] 5) Seedling stage management: carry out seedbed management, and pay attention to the growth of seedlings, when the seedlings of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. grow to 4 leaves and 1 heart, prepare the plot according to step 1) in advance, choose rainy days, carry out seedling thinning, control the density of seedlings to 80-150 per square meter, transplant the seedlings obtained by seedling thinning to the newly prepared plot at a spacing of 10-15 cm per plant, do a good job of shading and sun protection, and carry out seedling stage management;

[0013] 6) Seedling nursery: carry out sampling investigation of seedling nursery, when more than 85% of the seedlings meet the conditions for seedling nursery, before the end of December of the current year to the end of March of the next year, carry out the seedling nursery of Idesia polycarpa Maxim..

[0014] Further, in step 2), the mass ratio of seed: water: carbendazim: calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer is 5000:500:1:25000.

[0015] Further, in step 3), the sowing amount is 5-10 grams per square meter.

[0016] Further, in step 2), the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus content of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer selected is ≥18%, the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer includes the following components by mass percentage: CaO and MgO total amount ≥25%, P2O5≥5%, SiO2≥20%; the ph value of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer is 7-9.

[0017] Further, in step 4), manual weeding is carried out on rainy days, and after the weeds are removed, the seedbed is watered thoroughly, and the seedlings are indirectly compacted.

[0018] Further, in step 5), the seedlings left in the bed should be selected to be healthy and evenly distributed in the nursery, and the transplanted seedlings should be planted immediately after being lifted, which should be completed within 2 hours, and the seedlings should be watered thoroughly after the thinning is completed.

[0019] Further, in step 5), in late June to July, the seedbed is applied with self-made nutrient fertilizer, the self-made nutrient fertilizer is applied at 1-2 kg per square, and the self-made nutrient fertilizer is prepared by mixing the Idesia polycarpa peel, urea and water in a mass ratio of 25:1:10, covering with a film and fermenting for 30-60 days.

[0020] Further, in step 5), in August to September, when the Idesia polycarpa seedlings reach the required seedling height for 1-year-old out-of-nursery seedlings, a dwarfing agent is sprayed.

[0021] Further, the dwarfing agent is a multi-effect azole with a concentration of 15% diluted with water, and the mass ratio of the multi-effect azole to water is 1-1.2:1000.

[0022] Further, in step 6), after the Idesia polycarpa seedlings are completely out of the nursery, grading work is carried out to ensure that every 50 seedlings are bundled, and the seedlings that do not meet the out-of-nursery specifications are timely transplanted to the seedling field at a plant spacing of 20-30 cm to cultivate multi-year Idesia polycarpa seedlings.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0024] 1. The Idesia polycarpa seedling cultivation method disclosed by the present application is simple to operate and has low technical difficulty. Through the synergistic effect of a special seed treatment scheme and a management scheme, seed cleaning, wax removal and germination acceleration are not required, seed loss is avoided, seed is not wasted, labor and time are saved, the seedling germination time is not greatly different compared to the seed after wax removal and germination acceleration, the Idesia polycarpa seedling growth cost is reduced, the basis for normalizing and locally carrying out Idesia polycarpa seedling cultivation is laid, and the technical problems of the prior art, such as high wax removal cost, unevenness, serious seed waste, and susceptibility to diseases and pests, which can lead to the failure of the entire seedling cultivation, are solved.

[0025] 2. The calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer used in the present application is a commonly used soil conditioner, which is simple to obtain and harmless to the soil, and can increase soil fertility and further form a coated seed for Idesia polycarpa seeds, effectively reduce seed disease susceptibility, improve seed disease resistance, and increase seed utilization rate.

[0026] 3. The seedbed is covered with black film after sowing, which can effectively reduce the pre-seedling weeds of Idesia polycarpa, achieve temperature and moisture preservation, greatly shorten the germination time of Idesia polycarpa, and greatly improve the germination rate of Idesia polycarpa.

[0027] 4. The seedling spacing method disclosed by the present application includes bed seedling and transplanted seedling, which can ensure that the germinated Idesia polycarpa seedlings are not wasted and can effectively improve the land unit area output value. The bed seedlings grow faster and are more likely to meet the out-of-nursery requirements because they are not transplanted, and the transplanted seedlings have developed root systems and are more resistant to afforestation because they have been transplanted once.

[0028] 5. The method for cultivating Planchonella obovata seedlings without dewaxing disclosed in the application reduces the dewaxing treatment link compared with other seedling raising methods, and combines production to increase the comprehensive utilization of high-quality and high-efficiency parts, and has the advantages of low technical difficulty, low cost, high germination rate, high rate of leaving the nursery, high unit output value, normal promotion and the like.

[0029] 6. The self-made nutrient fertilizer used in the application is more suitable for the growth of Planchonella obovata seedlings than other organic fertilizers, and the key lies in that the natural organic fertilizer is formed by fermenting the Planchonella obovata peel, urea (mainly nitrogen fertilizer) and water in a proper ratio, which is more suitable and supplements the nutrients required by Planchonella obovata seedlings, can promote the uniform growth of seedlings, improve the overall leaving nursery specification of seedlings, and greatly enhance the quality of seedling leaving nursery.

[0030] 7. The method for cultivating Planchonella obovata seedlings without dewaxing disclosed in the application uses calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer for seed stirring and sowing, and the key technology lies in that the Planchonella obovata seed itself has a layer of wax wrapped outside, and the characteristics of long germination time of Planchonella obovata, slow release of fertilizer efficiency, promotion of seed development, suitability as base fertilizer, and slow absorption of nutrients by plants are fully utilized to build mutual promotion and fusion absorption characteristics, which ensures that the seed wax reduces the follow-up absorption of germination nutrition during the seed germination period, increases the germination rate, and also improves the survival rate of seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0032] In the description of the application, one or more is meant to be one or more, two or more is meant to be two or more, greater than, less than, more than and the like are understood to not include the number, above, below, within and the like are understood to include the number. If the terms "first", "second", "third" are described, they are only for description purpose and distinguishing technical features purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying indicating the number of indicated technical features or implying indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0033] The application principle of the application will be further described below in combination with specific examples.

[0034] From 2023 to 2024, Planchonella obovata seedling cultivation was carried out in HuiChuan district, Zunyi city.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] 1), plot preparation: on-site reconnaissance, preferably in Guizhou Province Zunyi City HuiChuan district Sida town gold field eligible block (elevation: 1100 meters, soil: sandy soil, soil: good) as a mountain seedling nursery, on February 15, the plot carried out a comprehensive clean-up work, the soil requirements must be detailed, while the full soil disinfection and sterilization, if conditions permit, can use a variety of soil fungicides, batch by batch, multiple disinfection; on February 20, spray herbicide to remove new weeds, on February 28, evenly spread lime to disinfect the soil, and continue to mix evenly mix the soil on the day of sowing, and make seedbeds with 1.2m wide and 20cm high per box, and pour water thoroughly for standby;

[0037] 2) seed treatment: on March 10, select high-quality mountain seeds, a small amount of water plus carbendazim to wet the seeds, then use calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to treat the seeds for 5 minutes, wherein the mass ratio of seeds: water: carbendazim: calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 5000:500:1:25000, to ensure that each mountain seed is wrapped with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; the selected calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is a medium element fertilizer, which is purchased from Kuandian Xihexi Trade Co., Ltd. The total content of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in the medium element fertilizer is ≥18%, among which: calcium (CaO) + magnesium (MgO) ≥25%, phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) ≥5%, silicon (SiO2) ≥20%, and the ph value is 8.2.

[0038] 3) sowing: take the treated seeds in step 2) and evenly sow them on the treated plot in step 1), with a sowing amount of 6 grams per square meter. After sowing, use a fine harrow to gently turn the soil once and cover it with black film, seal and compact it;

[0039] In actual planting work, before sowing the seeds, you can first measure the sinking rate of mountain seeds by using tap water (i.e. soaking the mountain seeds in water and checking the proportion of sinking mountain seeds), which can roughly estimate the proportion of sinking seeds in the sowing amount, and then control the density of mountain seedling germination;

[0040] 4) pre-bud management: on March 25, remove the black film from the seedbed and check the temperature, humidity and mountain seed germination to ensure that the seedbed is not short of water and does not mold, and handle any unexpected situations in the seedbed in a timely manner. On April 10, observe the mountain seedlings after germination and immediately remove the film, remove the weeds and carry out bud period management. Manual weeding should be done on rainy days, and after the weeds are removed, pour water thoroughly to indirectly compact the seedlings and minimize the loss caused by weeding;

[0041] 5) Seedling Management: Carry out routine seedbed management work such as weeding, shading, and watering, and pay attention to the growth of seedlings. When the seedlings of *Vernicia fordii* have grown to 4 leaves and 1 bud (hereinafter referred to as seedlings), prepare the nursery site in advance according to step 1). On April 20, in a cloudy or rainy weather, carry out the thinning of seedlings. Note that the seedlings to be left in the bed should be selected as strong seedlings and evenly distributed in the nursery site (generally one seedling every 10cm). Control the density of the seedlings to be left in the bed to about 100 seedlings per square meter. Transplant the *Vernicia fordii* seedlings obtained from thinning to the newly prepared nursery site with a plant spacing of 10-15cm. Provide shade and sun protection, and carry out seedling management work such as watering and moisturizing. When carrying out the thinning of *Vernicia fordii* seedlings, pay special attention to observation and complete the thinning task in a timely manner. Because the seedlings of *Vernicia fordii* grow rapidly at this stage, we must do our best to ensure that the seedlings of *Vernicia fordii* do not grow into tall seedlings. At the same time, the transplanted seedlings should be planted immediately after being dug up. The best results are achieved if the planting is completed within 2 hours. After the thinning is completed, water thoroughly.

[0042] In late June and July, the seedlings of *Vernicia fordii* enter a period of rapid growth. To ensure that the seedlings receive sufficient nutrition and accelerate steady and uniform growth, a suitable amount of homemade nutrient fertilizer can be applied to the seedbed. The amount of homemade fertilizer applied is 1 kg per square meter. The homemade nutrient fertilizer mainly uses fermented *Vernicia fordii* fruit peel fertilizer, with a ratio of: *Vernicia fordii* fruit peel: urea: water = 25:1:10 (unit of calculation: kg). Cover with plastic film and ferment for 30-60 days.

[0043] In August and September, when the *Vernicia fordii* seedlings reach the required height for one-year-old seedlings to be ready for market, in order to increase the robustness of the seedlings and improve their lignification, an appropriate concentration of dwarfing agent can be sprayed. The dwarfing agent is 15% paclobutrazol diluted with water and sprayed at a rate of 50g per square meter. The ratio of paclobutrazol to water is 1:1000 (unit: g). This will control the height growth of the seedlings and ensure the effectiveness of afforestation after the *Vernicia fordii* seedlings are ready for market.

[0044] 6) Seedling delivery: Conduct a sampling survey of seedlings for delivery. When more than 85% of the seedlings meet the conditions for delivery, from December 2024 to the end of March 2025, use small excavators to dig up the seedlings and deliver all the *Vernicia fordii* seedlings to the nursery. Carry out seedling grading and ensure that the seedlings are bundled in groups of 50. They should be planted immediately after being dug up. Seedlings that do not meet the delivery specifications should be planted in the nursery in a timely manner with a spacing of 20-30cm between plants and rows to cultivate large perennial *Vernicia fordii* seedlings.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 1), the selected location is the greenhouse seedling area of ​​Shanpo Group, Changtian Village, Banqiao Town, Huichuan District (altitude: 1000 meters, soil: sandy soil, soil quality: good). The land preparation time is April 5, the herbicide spraying time is April 8, and the disinfection and bed preparation time is April 12.

[0047] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 3), the seeding amount is 8 grams per square meter;

[0048] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 4), the pre-bud inspection time is May 1, May 10, and the bud time of Idesia is May 15, i.e. the black film is opened on May 15;

[0049] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 5), the inter-seedling time of seedlings is May 22, and the weather is rainy, and the density of seedlings is controlled to 100 per square meter;

[0050] Example 3:

[0051] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 1), the selected site is located in Louguang State-owned Forest Farm in Zunyi City, Louguang Town, Banqiao District (elevation: 1300 meters, soil: yellow soil, soil quality: good), the time for clearing and preparing the land is April 15, the time for spraying herbicide is April 17, and the time for disinfection and bed making is April 25;

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 2), in order to control the density of Idesia seedlings, the sinking rate of Idesia seeds is measured by using tap water before the seeds are sown (300 grams of Idesia seeds are selected in total, 205 grams of sinking seeds are screened, and the sinking rate is 68.33%), and after the sinking seeds of Idesia are screened, the seed treatment is carried out according to the method of step 2);

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 3), the seeding amount is 5 grams per square meter;

[0054] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 4), the pre-bud inspection time is May 5, May 15, and the bud time of Idesia is May 20, i.e. the black film is opened on May 20;

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 5), the inter-seedling time of seedlings is May 30, and the weather is rainy, and the density of seedlings is controlled to 100 per square meter;

[0056] Comparative Example 1:

[0057] The difference from Example 3 is that in step 2), in order to compare the changes of Idesia seed germination with and without dewaxing, the sinking seeds of Idesia are screened by using tap water before the seeds are sown, as described in Example 3, and then the sinking seeds are treated by using the artificial dewaxing method (205 grams of sinking seeds are screened, and 163 grams of clean seeds are obtained after artificial dewaxing, and the seed loss rate is 79.51%), and then steps 3), 4), 5), and 6) are directly carried out.

[0058] Comparative Example 2:

[0059] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 2), the seed treatment of Idesia is changed or not, the Idesia seed is directly selected without seed treatment, and then the steps 3), 4), 5) and 6) are directly carried out;

[0060] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 5), the seedling and transplanting work is carried out, and it is necessary to pay attention to the use of seedlings in the nursery land, and the part needs to be supplemented by transplanting Idesia seedlings to the nursery land to ensure that there are 100 Idesia seedlings per square meter.

[0061] Comparative Example 3:

[0062] The difference from Example 1 is that in step 5), the self-made nutrient fertilizer is not applied.

[0063] Test Example:

[0064] According to the methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, the seedling nursery work is carried out by using Idesia seed, and the germination interval time, germination rate, bed plant number, seedling survival rate and nursery rate after sowing in different regions are counted, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1: List of germination interval time, germination rate, bed plant number, seedling survival rate and nursery rate after sowing of different Idesia cultivation methods

[0066]

[0067] From Table 1, it can be seen that:

[0068] (1) Through the data analysis of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, both Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 do not deliberately select submergent seeds for sowing, and Comparative Example 2 has a low germination rate by directly sowing without wax removal and seed treatment, and needs to supplement the transplanting of Idesia seedlings to ensure that there are 100 plants per square meter, and the quality of the seedlings is uneven, and the quantity of Idesia nursery seedlings is relatively low, while Example 1 can increase the germination rate of Idesia to more than 50% after the treatment of step 2), and does not need to remove the wax of the seed, avoiding the loss of the seed and saving the cost;

[0069] (2) Comparative Example 1 increases the germination rate by manually selecting submergent seeds and manually removing wax, and the germination rate of Example 3 is not much different from that of Comparative Example 1; and Comparative Example 1 also causes the loss of seeds by manually removing wax, compared with Example 3, the scheme of Example 3 is more cost-saving and improves the utilization rate of seeds;

[0070] (3) Embodiment 1 and 2 can stabilize the germination rate of Idesia polycarpa to about 50% by using the method of the application, and the number of seedlings per square meter is 100, which can be used to select strong seedlings for planting, promote the uniform growth of seedlings, and increase the transplanting rate;

[0071] (4) By comparing Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 3, the germination rate of the seeds is relatively close after applying the self-made nutrient fertilizer;

[0072] The survival rate of seedlings of Comparative Example 3 and Embodiment 1 changes, the survival rate of seedlings of Comparative Example 3 is 72.9%, and the survival rate of seedlings of Embodiment 1 is 77.3%, the survival rate of seedlings of Embodiment 1 increases by 4.4 percentage points after applying the self-made nutrient fertilizer;

[0073] Under the same conditions of the remaining bed seedlings, the transplanting rate of Comparative Example 3 is 55.5%, and the transplanting rate of Embodiment 1 is 62.1%. The unit transplanting rate of Embodiment 1 increases by 6.6 percentage points;

[0074] After comprehensive calculation, the average per mu nursery increases by more than 3000 seedlings, and the use of self-made nutrient fertilizer can greatly increase the transplanting rate of seedlings;

[0075] (5) The seeds used in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are not treated according to step 2) in Embodiment 1, and the survival rate of seedlings is significantly lower than that of Embodiment 1-3 and Comparative Example 3, so it can be seen that step 2) in Embodiment 1 not only ensures the germination rate and transplanting rate, but also provides nutrition for Idesia polycarpa seeds and improves the survival rate of seedlings.

[0076] The comprehensive data shows that the preferred method of cultivating Idesia polycarpa seedlings without removing wax can not only reduce the cost of seeds, but also increase the germination rate of Idesia polycarpa seeds, greatly reducing the production cost.

[0077] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the application is for the purpose of illustration and example only, and is not intended to limit the application to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings, although embodiments of the application have been shown and described, the specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the application and are not meant to limit the application, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner, the purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the application and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can make modifications, replacements, variations and various different selections and changes to the embodiments according to the needs after reading the specification without creative contribution, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Nursery preparation: One month before sowing, prepare the nursery, weed after preparation, spread quicklime evenly to disinfect the soil before sowing, mix the soil thoroughly on the day of sowing, prepare the seedbed, and water it thoroughly. 2) Seed treatment: On the day of sowing, mix the seeds of *Vernicia fordii* with water and carbendazim. After wetting the seeds, coat them with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer for 5 minutes to ensure that each seed of *Vernicia fordii* is coated with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer. The mass ratio of seeds:water:carbendazim:calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 5000:500:1:25000; 3) Sowing: Take the seeds treated in step 2) and sow them evenly on the nursery ground treated in step 1). After sowing, gently turn the soil over with a fine rake, cover it with a black plastic film, and seal and compact it. 4) Pre-budding management: Before the budding of the tung tree, uncover the black film of the seedbed every 5 to 15 days to check the condition of the seedbed. Once the tung tree buds are found, uncover the film immediately, remove weeds, and carry out budding management. 5) Seedling management: Carry out seedbed management and pay attention to the growth of seedlings. When the seedlings of *Vernicia fordii* have grown to 4 leaves and 1 bud, prepare the nursery site in advance according to step 1). Choose a cloudy or rainy day to carry out thinning of seedlings. Control the density of seedlings left in the bed to 80-150 plants per square meter. Transplant the thinned seedlings of *Vernicia fordii* to the newly prepared nursery site with a plant spacing of 10-15cm. Provide shade and sun protection and carry out seedling management. 6) Seedling delivery: Conduct a sampling survey of seedling delivery. When more than 85% of the seedlings meet the conditions for seedling delivery, the entire population of *Vernicia fordii* seedlings will be delivered from December of the current year to the end of March of the following year.

2. The method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3), the seeding rate is 5-10 grams per square meter.

3. The method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selected calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer has a calcium magnesium phosphate content of ≥18%, and the fertilizer includes the following components by mass percentage: total CaO and MgO ≥25%, P2O5 ≥5%, SiO2 ≥20%; the pH value of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 7~9.

4. The method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Manual weeding should be carried out on cloudy or rainy days. After the weeds have been removed, the seedbed should be thoroughly watered and the seedlings should be compacted intermittently.

5. The method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5), select robust seedlings for the seedling bed and distribute them evenly in the nursery. Transplant seedlings should be planted immediately after being dug up and should be completed within 2 hours. Water thoroughly after thinning.

6. The method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5), in late June to July, apply homemade nutrient fertilizer to the seedbed. The amount of homemade fertilizer applied is 1-2 kg per square meter. The steps for making homemade nutrient fertilizer are as follows: mix the fruit peel of the tung tree, urea and water in a mass ratio of 25:1:10, cover with a film and ferment for 30-60 days.

7. The method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5), when the *Vernicia fordii* seedlings reach the required height for 1-year-old seedlings in August or September, a dwarfing agent is sprayed.

8. The method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dwarfing agent is a 15% paclobutrazol solution diluted with water and sprayed, with a paclobutrazol:water mass ratio of 1~1.2:1000.

9. The method for cultivating *Vernicia fordii* seedlings without dewaxing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 6), after all the seedlings of *Vernicia fordii* have been harvested, seedling grading is carried out to ensure that the seedlings are bundled in groups of 50 and planted immediately after harvesting. Seedlings that do not meet the specifications for harvesting are promptly planted in the nursery at a spacing of 20-30cm to cultivate large perennial *Vernicia fordii* seedlings.

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