High-efficiency crop irrigation device coupled with soil-atmosphere double-moisture action

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and discloses a soil-atmosphere double-moisture interaction coupled crop efficient irrigation device, which comprises an irrigation water filtering unit, an irrigation water storage unit, a soil-atmosphere double-moisture interaction coupling unit, a soil-atmosphere double-moisture interaction coupling unit, a soil-atmosphere double-moisture interaction coupling unit, a soil-atmosphere double-moisture interaction coupling unit and a soil-atmosphere double-moisture interaction coupling unit, the irrigation mechanism comprises an annular box seat which is arranged on the soil at the root of the crop in a sleeving manner; a piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle is arranged on the annular box seat and is used for atomizing, spraying and irrigating crops; a rotary spraying power assembly is arranged in the annular box base and used for driving the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle to adjust the spraying direction. A second servo motor drives a sector gear to be meshed with a third follow-up gear, 180-degree automatic reversing of an irrigation pipe is achieved, it is guaranteed that adjacent crops are evenly irrigated, and the coverage rate is larger than or equal to 95%; a high-pressure dynamic filtering technology; the ion selective membrane is combined with the suction vortex wheel of the booster pump to form high-pressure atomized spray to clean the surface of the membrane, the filtering efficiency is improved by 40%, and the service life of the membrane is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural irrigation. Specifically, it relates to a high-efficiency crop irrigation device that couples the dual water effects of soil and atmosphere. Background Art

[0002] Traditional irrigation technologies (such as flood irrigation and furrow irrigation) have long relied on empirical operations, resulting in problems such as low water use efficiency (generally less than 40%) and aggravated soil salinization. With the development of sensor technology, drip irrigation and subsurface irrigation systems based on soil moisture monitoring have gradually become popular, which can increase the water use efficiency to 60%-70%. However, existing technologies mostly focus on single soil moisture feedback and ignore the dynamic impact of atmospheric evaporation demand on crop water consumption, resulting in deviations between irrigation decisions and the actual water demand laws of crops.

[0003] However, the soil-atmosphere coupling mechanism is lacking: the water demand of crops is jointly determined by root water absorption (soil supply) and canopy transpiration (atmospheric demand), and existing technologies have not established a dynamic weight allocation model.

[0004] Poor adaptability of atomized irrigation: The atomization particle size of traditional nozzles (>50μm) is much larger than the stomatal size (5-20μm), and it cannot be directly absorbed through the stomata.

[0005] Rigid mechanical structure: The irrigation direction is fixed and cannot be intelligently reversed to cover multiple crops, resulting in waste of water resources.

[0006] Salt accumulation: Residual salts after the evaporation of hard irrigation water burn the leaves (when the Na⁺ concentration > 50mg / L).

[0007] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A high-efficiency crop irrigation device that couples the dual water effects of soil and atmosphere, including an irrigation water filtration unit, including an irrigation water tank, inside which an ion-selective membrane is installed for filtering Na⁺ in raw water; an irrigation mechanism, including an annular box seat, which is sleeved on the soil of the crop roots; a piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle is arranged on the annular box seat for atomizing and spraying irrigation on the crops; a rotating spraying power assembly is arranged inside the annular box seat for driving the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle to adjust the spraying direction.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a gear operation box is installed on the top of the irrigation water tank, a servo motor I is installed in its inner cavity, a driving gear I is installed at the driving end of the servo motor I, a raw water inlet pipe penetrates through the top of the irrigation water tank, a raw water spray pipe is installed at the lower end of the raw water inlet pipe, and the raw water spray pipe is located above the ion selective membrane; a follower gear ring I is installed on the raw water inlet pipe, and the follower gear ring I meshes with the driving gear I.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a concentrated water outlet is installed on the side wall of the irrigation water tank above the edge of the ion selective membrane; the lower part of the side wall of the irrigation water tank is communicated with the head end of the product water outlet pipe, and the tail end of the product water outlet pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the booster pump driving cavity, and the water outlet of the booster pump driving cavity is communicated with the head end of the water delivery pipe; one end of the driving shaft of the booster pump is installed with a follower impeller, and the follower impeller is arranged in the driving cavity of the booster pump; the other end of the driving shaft is installed with a suction eddy current wheel, and a water inlet pipe is installed at the suction port of the booster pump; the outlet of the booster pump is communicated with the head end of the water inlet connecting pipe, and the tail end of the water inlet connecting pipe is communicated with the upper end of the raw water inlet pipe.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a suction pump is installed on the water delivery pipe, and the drainage port of the suction pump is communicated with the irrigation pipe; the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle is horizontally installed on the irrigation pipe, and the lower end of the irrigation pipe is communicated with the water delivery pipe through a rotary sealing joint; the irrigation pipe is installed on the annular box seat.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an annular base is installed on the annular box seat, a needle follower gear ring II is installed at the bottom of the annular base, a reducer is installed on the inner wall of the annular box seat, and a servo motor II is installed on the reducer; a driving gear II is installed on the output shaft of the reducer; the driving gear II meshes with the follower gear ring II; a sector gear is installed on the outer wall of the follower gear ring II, and the sector gear meshes with the follower gear ring III.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a vertical rod is installed on the top of the annular base, an infrared temperature measuring probe is installed on the side wall of the vertical rod, and the infrared temperature measuring probe measures the infrared temperature of the crop leaves; and an atmospheric humidity sensor is installed at the upper end of the vertical rod; and a soil humidity sensor is arranged in the soil below the annular box seat.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1. Dual-source water coordination regulation; by fusing the data of the atmospheric humidity sensor and the soil humidity sensor in real time, and dynamically calculating the irrigation amount in combination with the improved Penman-Monteith equation, the accurate matching of soil water supply and atmospheric water demand is realized (the water use efficiency is increased to more than 85%).

[0015] 2. Stomatal-level efficient atomizing irrigation uses piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzles to generate 5-20 μm droplets, which are directly absorbed through the leaf stomata, saving 30%-40% water compared to traditional sprinkler irrigation.

[0016] 3. Trigger spraying based on the leaf temperature-air temperature difference (ΔT > 3°C), and operate only during the stomatal opening period (9-11 am), increasing the water absorption efficiency by 50%.

[0017] 4. Intelligent rotation and direction-changing system; the servo motor two drives the sector gear to mesh with the follower gear three, realizing 180° automatic direction change of the irrigation pipe to ensure uniform irrigation of adjacent crops (coverage rate ≥ 95%).

[0018] 5. High-pressure dynamic filtration technology; the ion-selective membrane combines with the suction eddy turbine of the booster pump to form high-pressure atomizing spray to clean the membrane surface, improving the filtration efficiency by 40% and extending the membrane service life.

[0019] 6. Multimodal execution system; supports the coordinated operation of drip irrigation (soil water replenishment) and spraying (canopy humidification), adapting to the needs of different crop growth stages (such as mainly soil irrigation at the seedling stage and increasing spraying for cooling at the flowering stage).

[0020] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0021] In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a crop high-efficiency irrigation device coupling soil-atmosphere dual water effects; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the irrigation water tank structure of a crop high-efficiency irrigation device coupling soil-atmosphere dual water effects; Figure 3 It is a crop high-efficiency irrigation device coupling soil-atmosphere dual water effects Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram at position A; Figure 4 It is a top-view structural schematic diagram of the distribution positions of the sector gear plate and the follower gear three of a crop high-efficiency irrigation device coupling soil-atmosphere dual water effects.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Irrigation water tank; 2. Concentrated water outlet; 3. Raw water spray pipe; 4. Gear operation box; 5. Raw water inlet pipe; 6. Ion selective membrane; 7. Water inlet connecting pipe; 8. Booster pump; 9. Produced water outlet pipe; 10. Water delivery pipe; 11. Suction pump; 12. Annular box base; 13. Irrigation pipe; 14. Piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle; 15. Annular base; 16. Vertical rod; 17. Infrared temperature measurement probe; 18. Servo motor 1; 19. Driving gear 1; 20. Follow-up gear ring 1; 21. Follow-up impeller; 22. Suction eddy current impeller; 23. Driving gear 2; 24. Follow-up gear ring 2; 25. Reducer; 26. Water inlet pipe; 27. Servo motor 2; 28. Sector gear plate; 29. Follow-up gear 3; 30. Atmospheric humidity sensor. Specific implementation mode

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention. Embodiment

[0024] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a crop high-efficiency irrigation device coupling soil-atmosphere dual moisture effects includes: An irrigation water filtration unit, including an irrigation water tank 1, inside which an ion selective membrane 6 is installed for filtering Na⁺ in raw water; An irrigation mechanism, including an annular box base 12, which is sleeved on the root soil of the crop; a piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle 14 is arranged on the annular box base 12 for atomizing and spraying irrigation on the crop; a rotating spraying power assembly is arranged inside the annular box base 12 for driving the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle 14 to adjust the spraying direction.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 3As shown, in the specific implementation, a gear operation box 4 is installed on the top of the irrigation water tank 1. A servo motor 18 is installed in its inner cavity. A driving gear 19 is installed at the driving end of the servo motor 18. A raw water inlet pipe 5 penetrates through the top of the irrigation water tank 1. A raw water spray pipe 3 is installed at the lower end of the raw water inlet pipe 5. The raw water spray pipe 3 is located above the ion-selective membrane 6. A follower gear ring 20 is installed on the raw water inlet pipe 5. The follower gear ring 20 meshes with the driving gear 18. A concentrated water outlet 2 is installed on the side wall of the irrigation water tank 1 above the edge of the ion-selective membrane 6. The side wall of the irrigation water tank 1 below is connected to the head end of the product water outlet pipe 9. The tail end of the product water outlet pipe 9 is connected to the water inlet of the driving cavity of the booster pump 8. The water outlet of the driving cavity of the booster pump 8 is connected to the head end of the water delivery pipe 10. One end of the driving shaft of the booster pump 8 is installed with a follower impeller 21. The follower impeller 21 is arranged in the driving cavity 8 of the booster pump 8. The other end of the driving shaft is installed with a suction eddy current wheel 22. The suction port of the booster pump 8 is installed with a water inlet pipe 26. The outlet of the booster pump 8 is connected to the head end of the water inlet connecting pipe 7. The tail end of the water inlet connecting pipe 7 is connected to the upper end of the raw water inlet pipe 5.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, further, a suction pump 11 is installed on the water delivery pipe 10. The drain port of the suction pump 11 is connected to the irrigation pipe 13. The piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle 14 is horizontally installed on the irrigation pipe 13. The lower end of the irrigation pipe 13 is connected to the water delivery pipe 10 through a rotary seal joint. The irrigation pipe 13 is installed on the annular box seat 12.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, in the specific implementation, an annular base 15 is installed on the annular box seat 12. A follower gear ring 24 is installed at the bottom of the annular base 15. A speed reducer 25 is installed on the inner wall of the annular box seat 12. A servo motor 27 is installed on the speed reducer 25. A driving gear 23 is installed on the output shaft of the speed reducer 25. The driving gear 23 meshes with the follower gear ring 24. A sector gear 28 is installed on the outer wall of the follower gear ring 24. The sector gear 28 meshes with the follower gear ring 29.

[0028] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, further, a vertical rod 16 is installed on the top of the annular base 15. An infrared temperature probe 17 is installed on the side wall of the vertical rod 16. The infrared temperature probe 17 measures the infrared temperature of the crop leaves. And an atmospheric humidity sensor 30 is installed at the upper end of the vertical rod 16. And a soil humidity sensor is arranged in the soil below the annular box seat 12. In this setting, The implementation principle of a crop efficient irrigation device that couples the dual moisture effects of soil and atmosphere in this embodiment is as follows: During actual use, the suction pump 11 operates to suck the irrigation water filtered by the ion selective membrane 6 in the inner cavity of the irrigation water tank 1. The irrigation water is discharged from the water production outlet pipe 9 and passes through the booster pump 8 to drive the follow-up impeller 21 with water flow, thereby driving the suction eddy turbine 22 on the booster pump 8 to rotate, increasing the water pressure and flow rate from the water inlet connecting pipe 7 to the raw water inlet pipe 5, ensuring that the water source sprayed down from the raw water spray pipe 3 forms a relatively high-pressure atomization effect and is sprayed onto the ion selective membrane 6 to achieve an efficient filtration effect. Moreover, the servo motor 1 18 drives the driving gear 1 19 to engage and drive the follow-up gear 1 20 on the raw water inlet pipe 5 to rotate, so that the water distribution direction of the raw water spray pipe 3 can be adjusted, making full use of the filtration effect brought by the ion selective membrane 6; The filtered irrigation water enters the irrigation pipe 13 from the water delivery pipe 10 and finally passes through; two piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzles 14 generate 5 - 20 μm droplets (close to the pore size) and are directly absorbed through the pores to improve the irrigation effect; The servo motor 2 27 drives the driving gear 2 23 to engage and rotate the follow-up gear ring 2 24, thereby driving the annular base 15 to form a rotational drive. Since a sector gear 28 is provided on the outer wall of the follow-up gear ring 24, it can be ensured that when the sector gear 28 rotates close to and engages with the follow-up gear 3 29 as the follow-up gear ring 24 rotates, the irrigation pipe 13 can rotate 180 degrees to achieve the purpose of reversing, and can spray irrigation on adjacent crops; and during the rotation of the annular base 15, the two infrared temperature sensors 17 on its vertical rod 16 can be driven to detect the temperature of different leaves on the same plant, thereby triggering spraying based on the leaf temperature - air temperature difference (ΔT > 3°C) to match the pore opening period (9 - 11 am).

[0029] Among them, the atmospheric humidity sensor 30 forms a humidity difference with the soil humidity sensor embedded in the soil, and the soil - atmosphere dual-source sensor fusion: real-time synchronous monitoring of the dynamic coupling algorithm of root layer moisture and canopy microclimate: a dual-weight irrigation decision-making model based on the improved Penman-Monteith equation for active water regulation: combined with a collaborative execution system data support of drip irrigation (soil) and spraying (atmosphere).

Claims

1. A crop high-efficiency irrigation device that couples the dual moisture effects of soil and atmosphere, characterized in that, Comprising: An irrigation water filtration unit, including an irrigation water tank (1) with an ion-selective membrane (6) installed inside for filtering Na⁺ in raw water; An irrigation mechanism, including an annular box base (12) sleeved on the soil of the crop roots; a piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle (14) is provided on the annular box base (12) for atomizing and spraying irrigation on the crops; a rotating spraying power assembly is provided inside the annular box base (12) for driving the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle (14) to adjust the spraying direction.

2. The high-efficiency crop irrigation device coupling the dual moisture effects of soil and atmosphere according to claim 1, wherein, A gear operation box (4) is installed on the top of the irrigation water tank (1), a servo motor one (18) is installed in its inner cavity, a driving end of the servo motor one (18) is installed with a driving gear one (19), a raw water inlet pipe (5) penetrates through the top of the irrigation water tank (1), a lower end of the raw water inlet pipe (5) is installed with a raw water spray pipe (3), and the raw water spray pipe (3) is located above the ion-selective membrane (6); a following gear ring one (20) is installed on the raw water inlet pipe (5), and the following gear ring one (20) meshes with the driving gear one (18).

3. The efficient crop irrigation device coupling the dual moisture effects of soil and atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, A concentrated water outlet (2) is installed on the side wall of the irrigation water tank (1) above the edge of the ion-selective membrane (6); a first end of a produced water outlet pipe (9) is communicated with the side wall below the irrigation water tank (1), and a tail end of the produced water outlet pipe (9) is communicated with an inlet of a driving cavity of a booster pump (8), an outlet of the driving cavity of the booster pump (8) is communicated with a first end of a water delivery pipe (10); one end of a driving shaft of the booster pump (8) is installed with a following impeller (21), and the following impeller (21) is arranged in the driving cavity (8) of the booster pump (8); the other end of the driving shaft is installed with a suction eddy current wheel (22), and a water inlet pipe (26) is installed at a suction port of the booster pump (8); an outlet of the booster pump (8) is communicated with a first end of a water inlet connecting pipe (7), and a tail end of the water inlet connecting pipe (7) is communicated with an upper end of the raw water inlet pipe (5).

4. The high-efficiency crop irrigation device coupling the dual moisture effects of soil and atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, A suction pump (11) is installed on the water delivery pipe (10), a drain port of the suction pump (11) is communicated with an irrigation pipe (13); the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle (14) is horizontally installed on the irrigation pipe (13), and a lower end of the irrigation pipe (13) is communicated with the water delivery pipe (10) through a rotary seal joint; the irrigation pipe (13) is installed on the annular box base (12).

5. The efficient crop irrigation device coupling the dual moisture effects of soil and atmosphere according to claim 4, wherein An annular base (15) is installed on the annular box base (12), a following gear ring two (24) is installed at the bottom of the annular base (15), a speed reducer (25) is installed on the inner wall of the annular box base (12), and a servo motor two (27) is installed on the speed reducer (25); a driving gear two (23) is installed on an output shaft of the speed reducer (25); the driving gear two (23) meshes with the following gear ring two (24); a sector gear (28) is installed on an outer wall of the following gear ring two (24), and the sector gear (28) meshes with a following gear ring three (29).

6. The efficient crop irrigation device coupling the dual moisture effects of soil and atmosphere according to claim 5, wherein A vertical rod (16) is installed on the top of the annular base (15), an infrared temperature measuring probe (17) is installed on the side wall of the vertical rod (16), and the infrared temperature measuring probe (17) measures the infrared temperature of the crop leaves; a humidity sensor (30) is installed at the upper end of the vertical rod (16); and a soil humidity sensor is arranged in the soil below the annular box seat (12).

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