Botanical medicinal composition as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a botanical medicinal composition as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The botanical medicinal composition comprises a first component and a second component which contain volatile oil components, the first component contains one or more of alcohol, ketone, ester, terpene and terpene aromatic substances, and the second component contains one or more of flavonoid, alkaloid and saponin substances. The botanical medicinal composition provided by the invention solves the technical problem that in the prior art, an efficient, non-toxic, pesticide-residue-free and pesticide-resistance-free insect pest prevention drug is lacked. Various insects and microorganisms harmful to crops can be safely and efficiently killed, and no harmful substance residues exist. Meanwhile, the soil environment can be improved, crop nutrition is enriched, and soil ecological balance is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a plant-derived medicinal composition, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pesticides are important production materials for ensuring food production, and are used to control microorganisms and harmful insects that endanger agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fruit and vegetable planting. Pesticides can be classified into mineral source pesticides, biological source pesticides, and chemical synthetic pesticides according to their sources. Among them, chemical synthetic pesticides containing organophosphorus components are the main varieties, and are the most widely used class of highly efficient insecticides at home and abroad. They are highly toxic, have a wide application range, a high incidence of poisoning, and rank first in acute pesticide poisoning. They have brought serious impacts on human health and the ecological environment. The existing pesticides cause pollution and damage to human health and the environment while killing insects; drug resistance makes agricultural pollution and insecticidal effects inversely proportional, forming a vicious cycle; pesticide residues directly lead to serious over-standard of food pesticide residues and are unsafe.

[0003] According to reports from the World Health Organization: While killing harmful insects, about 56% of chemical insecticides can enter the human blood through the skin and cause harm to the human nervous system. If ingested by mistake, it can cause serious symptoms such as organophosphorus poisoning, respiratory failure, heart failure, pulmonary edema, gastrointestinal tract erosion, and bleeding. The long-term and large-scale use of organophosphorus pesticides and other chemical pesticides has caused a high incidence of malignant tumors. Only in China, there are 4.9-5 million new cancer patients every year, with a mortality rate of 66%. There are 40,000 new leukemia patients of various types every year, mainly (children aged 2-7), with a mortality rate of 40%. The long-term and large-scale use of chemical pesticides has caused pollution of land, water sources, air, and the human living environment, including the pollution of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fruit and vegetable planting by organophosphorus, dichlorvos, glyphosate, etc., and the pollution of pyrethroid pesticides to the human body and the home environment: such as Raid insecticide, mosquito repellent toilet water, mosquito coil. A large amount of toxic pesticide residues exist in the main grains and fruits and vegetables of crops, causing pollution in food and seriously threatening food safety. The long-term and large-scale use of chemical pesticides has increased the drug resistance of harmful insects, germs, and molds year by year. According to the national agricultural center's monitoring report on the drug resistance of pests across the country in 2021, taking the brown planthopper as an example, its drug resistance is shown in Table 1 below. Due to their high drug resistance, the dosage of chemical pesticides has gradually increased, while the insecticidal effect has become worse and worse, resulting in a vicious cycle of pesticide dosage.

[0004] Table 1 Drug resistance of brown planthopper to different pesticides

[0005]

[0006] Biogenic pesticides are pesticides developed using natural biological resources (such as plants, animals, and microorganisms). Due to their different sources, they can be divided into plant-derived pesticides, animal-derived pesticides, and microbial pesticides. Among them, plant-derived low-toxicity insecticides are the main research topics in current scientific and technological research and development. The main ones that have been successfully developed and used in the existing technology are azadirachtin, nicotine preparations, and pyrethroid insecticides. However, the disadvantages of these insecticides are: (1) the types of insects killed and bacteria inhibited are limited, and the number of plant varieties is scarce; (2) the time for the drug effect to take effect is long, and the insecticidal effect is low; (3) the insecticidal effect is not thorough, and the revival rate of harmful insects is high; (4) new nicotine pesticides cause serious harm to human health and environmental pollution; (5) they are prone to drug resistance. The insecticidal situation is shown in Table 2 below.

[0007] Table 2 Situation Table of Existing Plant-derived Insecticides

[0008]

[0009]

[0010] Therefore, the existing technology lacks major theoretical breakthroughs and innovations in new, highly efficient, safe, and residue-free nutritional plant insecticides. Summary of the Invention

[0011] For this reason, the present invention provides a plant-derived medicinal composition, its preparation method, and its application. It solves the problem of the lack of a plant-derived medicinal composition for preventing insect pests that is highly efficient, non-toxic, free of agricultural residues, and drug-resistant in the existing technology.

[0012] One technical solution provided by the present invention is: a plant-derived medicinal composition, comprising a first component and a second component containing volatile oil components, wherein the first component contains one or more of alcohols, ketones, esters, terpenes, and terpane aromatic substances, and the second component contains one or more of flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises an energy component, including trace elements, vitamins, potassium ions, sodium ions, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, and phenolic groups;

[0014] It further comprises an enzyme component, including one or more of tyrosinase, phenylalanine hydroxylase, cytochrome oxidase, and enzymes containing vitamin components;

[0015] It further comprises an osmotic pressure regulator, and the osmotic pressure regulator is sodium chloride.

[0016] Preferably, the active metal groups include tyrosinase containing divalent copper ions, cytochrome oxidase containing divalent iron ions, or ATPase containing monovalent sodium ions.

[0017] Preferably, each component is in a mass percentage of: 30-60% of the first component, 10-30% of the second component, 9-15% of the energy component, 10-30% of the enzyme component, and 1-5% of the osmotic pressure regulator.

[0018] Preferably, the first component is selected from several of sandalwood, clove, mint, schizonepeta spike, cubeb, and cassia twig.

[0019] Preferably, the second component is selected from several of pogostemon cablin, elsholtzia ciliata, wild chrysanthemum, fresh sophora flower, costus root, and fructus cnidii.

[0020] One technical solution provided by the present invention is: a preparation method of a plant-derived medicinal composition, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Collect the second component containing volatile oil components, and break and pulverize it under low temperature conditions;

[0022] S2. Add the energy component to the processed second component, and stir evenly;

[0023] S3. Collect the first component containing volatile oil components, break and pulverize it under low temperature conditions, and then add it to the mixture in step S2;

[0024] S4. Add the energy component to the mixture in step S3, and stir evenly;

[0025] S5. Remove residues and sieve;

[0026] S6. Raise the temperature and sterilize.

[0027] Preferably, the low temperature conditions in step S1 and step S3 are -60°C to -70°C;

[0028] The stirring time in step S4 is 15-30 minutes;

[0029] In step S6, raise the temperature to above 0°C;

[0030] The break and pulverization in step S1 and step S3 is to process the material to a mesh number of 120-180 meshes.

[0031] Preferably, the first component is sandalwood, clove, mint, schizonepeta spike, cubeb, and cassia twig;

[0032] The second component is pogostemon cablin, elsholtzia ciliata, wild chrysanthemum, fresh sophora flower, costus root, and fructus cnidii;

[0033] The energy component is fresh lotus flower, lotus leaf, and cortex acanthopanacis;

[0034] Air-dry the fresh lotus leaf and lotus leaf naturally at 15°C to 24°C, and perform ultrafine grinding at 5°C to 24°C. The mesh number of the ground fine powder is 120 meshes to 180 meshes, and remove residues for standby;

[0035] The preparation process of the Acanthopanax cortex is as follows: The Acanthopanax cortex is ultra - micro broken - walled at room temperature of 5°C to 10°C, ground into fine powder of 120 mesh to 180 mesh, and the residue is removed for standby.

[0036] The third technical solution provided by the present invention is: the application of the plant - derived medicinal composition, including its application in pest control, including the application in pest and disease control, and its application in soil reconstruction or optimization;

[0037] The application in pest control includes killing harmful insects and microorganisms. By synthesizing and releasing sympathetic neurotransmitters in the insects through the plant - derived medicinal composition, the organs of the insects fail and dehydrate;

[0038] The sympathetic neurotransmitter is catecholamine or dopamine neurotransmitter.

[0039] Beneficial effects:

[0040] The plant - derived medicinal composition provided by the present invention takes the first component and the second component containing volatile oil components as the main components, and the plant volatile oil, bioflavonoids and alkaloids contained therein are used as the main active ingredients. It can cause excitement of the nervous system, has the effects of promoting penetration and improving mental fatigue, and also has antibacterial, antiviral and antioxidant pharmacological activities. On the one hand, through the synthesis and release of sympathetic neurotransmitters, it acts on the insects, causing the organs of the insects to rapidly fail and die; on the other hand, it blocks gene synthesis at the gene level; and by adjusting the osmotic pressure in the insects, it causes them to dehydrate and die quickly; thus safely and efficiently killing a variety of crop - harmful insects without the residue of harmful substances. At the same time, the use of this pharmaceutical composition can improve the soil environment, enrich the nutrition of crops, and promote the balance of the soil ecosystem. It avoids the pollution of the existing chemical pesticides to the soil ecological environment, the pesticide residues in food, and the threats brought by pesticide residues to human health.

[0041] The preparation method of the plant - derived medicinal composition proposed by the present invention uses the method of low - temperature broken - wall to extract effective substances, more completely preserving the bioactive substances in the plant medicine, thus making the components of traditional Chinese medicine clear, standardized, quantified and controllable.

[0042] The application of the plant - derived medicinal composition proposed by the present invention in pest control can safely and efficiently kill a variety of crop - harmful insects without the residue of harmful substances.

[0043] The application of the plant - derived medicinal composition proposed by the present invention in soil reconstruction or optimization can improve the soil structure, increase soil nutrients and organic matter, adjust the soil pH value, and maintain the soil nutrition and ecological balance; clean the soil pathogenic bacteria, microorganisms and harmful insects, and provide a good and clean environment for soil crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the following further describes the present invention in detail according to specific embodiments of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the reaction principle that the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention can synthesize and release sympathetic neurotransmitters in insects after application, causing the insect organs to fail and die;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the reaction principle that the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention causes insects to die due to dehydration after application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0047] In order to describe the technical content, the achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is described in combination with the embodiments.

[0048] The reagents used in this specification are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

[0049] Based on modern medical theory, the present invention first proposes a theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine agriculture, extending the principles of preventing and treating diseases in traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese pharmacy to the agricultural field. The aim is to guide the improvement of the prevention and control of agricultural pests and diseases, reduce the pollution and residue of chemical toxic substances on the soil and crops, improve and optimize the soil environment, and promote the soil ecological balance.

[0050] The present invention provides a plant-derived medicinal composition, which includes a first component and a second component containing volatile oil components. The first component contains one or more of alcohols, ketones, esters, terpenes, and terpane aromatic substances, and the second component contains one or more of flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins. It further includes an energy component, which contains trace elements, vitamins, potassium ions, sodium ions, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, phenolic groups, or active metal groups; it also includes an enzyme component and an osmotic pressure regulator. The proportions of each component are shown in Table 3 below by mass percentage.

[0051] Table 3 Proportions of Each Component of the Plant-Derived Medicinal Composition

[0052] Among them, the clove composition as the first component is selected from sandalwood (mass percentage 5-10%), clove

[0053]

[0054] Several of the following: incense (25 - 55% by mass), mint (10 - 40% by mass), Schizonepeta spike (10 - 15% by mass), cubeb (5 - 10% by mass), cassia twig (5 - 10% by mass); so that the plant - derived medicinal composition contains eugenol, terpenes, (-)-menthone, (+)-menthone, thereby causing excitement in the nervous system of pests, having the effects of promoting penetration and improving mental fatigue. In addition, components such as flavonoids, polyphenols, organic acids, and anthraquinones contained in such plants have antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant pharmacological activities.

[0055] The patchouli composition as the second component is selected from several of the following: patchouli (30 - 60% by mass), elsholtzia (10 - 35% by mass), wild chrysanthemum (5 - 10% by mass), fresh sophora flower (5 - 10% by mass), costus root (5 - 10% by mass), cnidium fruit (5 - 15% by mass); so that the plant - derived medicinal composition contains patchouli alcohol, alkaloids, bioflavonoids, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, elsholtzia ketone, sterols, flavonoid glycosides, wild chrysanthemum lactone, vanillyl alcohol, sophora japonica A, alkaloids, bioflavonoids.

[0056] Among them, the energy component contains trace elements, vitamins, potassium ions, sodium ions, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, phenolic groups or active metal groups. Among them, the active metal groups include tyrosinase containing divalent copper ions, cytochrome oxidase containing divalent iron ions or ATPase containing monovalent sodium ions. The lotus composition as the energy component is selected from fresh lotus (10 - 70% by mass), lotus leaf (20 - 70% by mass) and wujiapi (10 - 20% by mass). So that the plant - derived medicinal composition contains trace elements, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin A, starch polysaccharides, potassium ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, as well as chlorophyll, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, saponins and n - butanol. Due to its significant physiological activity, it can provide energy for the polymerization and reaction between plant - derived medicinal compositions, promoting synthesis.

[0057] Among them, sodium chloride can be selected as the osmotic pressure regulator, which can enable the pharmaceutical composition to maintain the volume and osmotic pressure of the exosmosis and endosmosis inside and outside insect cells and the acid - base balance of body fluids, and maintain the excitability of neuromuscles.

[0058] Among them, the enzyme components include one or more of tyrosinase, phenylalanine hydroxylase, cytochrome oxidase, and enzymes containing vitamin components. Enzymes containing vitamin components, such as acetyl coenzyme A. Specifically, fresh tea leaves of green tea can be selected, such as West Lake Longjing, Huiming Tea, Dongting Biluochun, Gushu Zicha, Wuzixianhao, Huangshan Maofeng, Xinyang Maojian, Ping Shui Pearl Tea, Baohong Tea, Shangrao Baimei, Jing Mountain Tea, Emei Zhuyeqing, etc. Additionally, the fresh tea leaves are preferably tender green tea before the Tomb-Sweeping Festival of the current year. Green tea contains abundant metal active groups and vitamins. The fresh tea leaves in the present invention provide the above enzyme components, and the chemical component contained therein is vitamin pp (i.e., nicotinic acid), which participates in the synthesis of the composition of the present invention.

[0059] The preparation method of the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Collect the second component containing volatile oil components, and perform wall-breaking and pulverization under low-temperature conditions;

[0061] Among them, the low-temperature condition is -60°C to -70°C; the wall-breaking and pulverization is to process the material to a mesh number of 120 to 180 meshes;

[0062] S2. Add the energy component to the processed second component and stir evenly. The active ingredients contained in the energy component, such as hydroxyl groups, amino groups, coenzymes of vitamins, etc., can synthesize with flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins in the second component and provide energy;

[0063] S3. Collect the first component containing volatile oil components, perform wall-breaking and pulverization under low-temperature conditions, and then add it to the mixture in step S2;

[0064] Among them, the low-temperature condition is -60°C to -70°C, and the wall-breaking and pulverization is to process the material to a mesh number of 120 to 180 meshes;

[0065] S4. Add the energy component to the mixture in step S3 and stir evenly;

[0066] Among them, the stirring time is 15 to 30 minutes; to make each component fully mixed and carry out a chemical reaction, that is: the chemical components in the above-mentioned each component are gradually synthesized, and after synthesis, they enter the insect body to exert the medicinal effect;

[0067] In this step, an enzyme component can also be added; the enzyme components include one or more of tyrosinase, phenylalanine hydroxylase, cytochrome oxidase, and enzymes containing vitamin components. Enzymes containing vitamin components, such as acetyl coenzyme A., participate in the synthesis and function promotion of enzymes. For example, active groups in enzyme molecules, such as amino groups, carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, sulfhydryl groups, etc., can promote the reaction of substrates.

[0068] S5. Remove the residue and perform sieving;

[0069] S6. Heat up and sterilize; among them, heat up to above 0°C, preferably 5°C; after sealed packaging, restore to room temperature storage at 15 - 25°C to prevent the volatilization of volatile oil components and reduce the medicinal effect; it can be sterilized by cobalt 60 and stored in a light-proof and sealed manner after packaging.

[0070] Among them, before step S5, whether to add a pressurizing agent can be determined according to specific requirements. The pressurizing agent is ionic sodium chloride, and whether to add it can be determined according to the body structure, body weight, breathing mode, and osmotic pressure of harmful insects.

[0071] Preferably, the preparation process of the first component is: collect sandalwood, clove, mint, schizonepeta spike, cubeb, cinnamon twig, screen all the collected medicinal materials clean, carry out low-temperature ultramicro crushing under the condition of -60°C to -70°C, the fine grinding mesh number is 120 - 180 meshes, preferably 120 meshes, and sieve for standby.

[0072] The preparation process of the second component is: collect pogostemon cablin, elsholtzia ciliata, wild chrysanthemum, fresh sophora flower, costus root, fructus cnidii, screen all the collected medicinal materials clean, among which the fresh sophora flower is ground and crushed under the condition of -1°C to -5°C, and other components are carried out low-temperature ultramicro crushing under the condition of -60°C to -70°C, the fine grinding mesh number is 120 - 180 meshes, preferably 120 meshes, and sieve for standby.

[0073] The energy component is fresh lotus flower, lotus leaf, and cortex acanthopanacis; the preparation process is: air-dry the fresh lotus leaf and lotus leaf naturally under 15°C to 24°C, carry out ultramicro grinding under 5°C to 24°C, the fine powder mesh number is 120 meshes to 180 meshes, preferably 120 meshes, remove the residue for standby; carry out ultramicro crushing of cortex acanthopanacis under 5°C to 10°C, and the fine powder is 120 meshes to 180 meshes, preferably 120 meshes, remove the residue for standby.

[0074] The plant-derived medicinal composition provided by the present invention can be applied in the field of pest control, including killing harmful insects, pathogenic bacteria and other microorganisms.

[0075] After the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention is applied, it can synthesize and release sympathetic neurotransmitters in the insect body, causing the insect organs to fail and dehydrate, and then die.

[0076] Specifically, the sympathetic neurotransmitter is catecholamine or dopamine neurotransmitter, and the principle of its synthesis and release causing the death of insects due to exhaustion can be referred to Figure 1 the reaction process shown.

[0077] The active ingredients in the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention promote the release of sympathetic neurotransmitters, thereby causing the death of various organs of harmful insects due to exhaustion.

[0078] The principle of the plant-derived medicinal composition causing the death of insects due to dehydration after application can be referred toFigure 2 The reaction process shown

[0079] After being applied, the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention can undergo biochemical reactions in insects. Hypertonic liquid enters the insects' bodies, reducing the intracellular and extracellular fluid in the insects' bodies, thereby increasing the body fluid concentration and ultimately leading to death.

[0080] After being applied, the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention can block the DNA synthesis of insects and microorganisms. The active alkaloids, saponin components, and metal active groups in the plant-derived medicinal composition participate in blocking the synthesis of DAN in insects and microorganisms, which is determined by DNA detection of soil samples.

[0081] In addition, the present invention can also be applied to soil reconstruction or optimization. On the one hand, before spring sowing, the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention is applied to thoroughly remove and kill harmful insects, microorganisms, pathogenic bacteria, and other factors affecting crop growth in the soil, thereby cleaning the soil. On the other hand, based on the comprehensive disinfection of the soil, organic fertilizers, biological fertilizers, compound fertilizers, and plant fertilizers are applied to increase the soil organic matter, thereby improving and restoring the ecological balance of the soil and preparing for sowing and planting.

[0082] The plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention can be made into a powder or formed into a suspension by adding water. The application methods that can be used include:

[0083] 1. Broadcast, deep plow, and thoroughly water in sequence, and ridge and sow or plant 48 - 72 hours later;

[0084] 2. Pressurized drip irrigation method, which is used under the conditions of a certain pressure and elevation difference;

[0085] 3. Point irrigation, which is suitable for replanting missing seedlings or local disinfection in case of insect infestation;

[0086] 4. Brush the fruit trees for prevention and control. Make the plant-derived medicinal composition into a powder, add water in a certain proportion to make it into an emulsion, and evenly brush it at 0.5 - 1 meter above the root of the tree, which can effectively prevent the hatched overwintering eggs underground from ascending to harm the trees.

[0087] The harmful insects applicable to the plant-derived medicinal composition of the present invention include grubs, mole crickets, root maggots, diamondback moths, root-knot nematodes, and millipedes; the microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, spore fungi, and molds, such as powdery scab (Candida albicans), scab (Streptomyces), gray mold (mold), and Fusarium oxysporum (fungus).

[0088] Example 1

[0089] The present embodiment is a plant insecticide composition, comprising a first component and a second component containing volatile oil components, and also comprising an energy component, an enzyme component and an osmotic pressure regulator, wherein the first component is a clove composition, which is composed of sandalwood, clove, mint, schizonepeta, cubeb, and cassia twig; the second component is a patchouli composition, which is composed of patchouli, elsholtzia, wild chrysanthemum, costusroot, cnidium monnieri, and fresh sophora japonica flower; the energy component is a lotus composition, which is composed of lotus leaves, fresh lotus, and acanthopanax cortex; the enzyme component is green tea; and the osmotic pressure regulator is sodium chloride (NaCl). The specific dosage (by mass percentage) is shown in Tables 4, 5, and 6 below.

[0090] The preparation method is:

[0091] S1. Collect the second component containing volatile oil components, that is, sieve and clean Patchouli, Elsholtzia, Wild Chrysanthemum, Fresh Sophora japonica, Aucklandia lappa, and Cnidium monnieri, grind the fresh Sophora japonica at -1°C, and grind the other components by ultrafine wall breaking at -70°C, count and grind to 180 mesh, and sieve for later use;

[0092] S2, add the energy component to the treated second component and stir evenly; the energy component needs to be pre-treated, that is, firstly dry the fresh lotus leaves and lotus leaves under natural ventilation at 24°C, and grind them ultrafine at 24°C to a fine powder size of 180 meshes; in addition, the Acanthopanax Cortex is ultrafinely broken at 10°C and ground into a fine powder size of 180 meshes;

[0093] S3, collecting the first component containing volatile oil components, that is, screening sandalwood, clove, mint, schizonepeta spicate, cubeb, and cassia twig, and performing low-temperature ultrafine wall breaking and crushing at -70°C, counting the grinding mesh number to 180 mesh, and sieving for later use;

[0094] S4, adding energy components to the mixture of step S3, stirring evenly, the energy component added at this time is Acanthopanax cortex, which is first subjected to ultrafine wall breaking at 10°C, ground into fine powder of 180 mesh, and then added to the mixture of S3;

[0095] The stirring time is 30 minutes; the components are fully mixed and reacted, that is, the chemical components in the above components are gradually synthesized, and the drug effect can be exerted after entering the insect body;

[0096] In this step, an enzyme component may also be added, i.e., fresh tea leaves of green tea may be added;

[0097] S5, remove the residue and sieve;

[0098] S6, heating and sterilization; wherein, the temperature is raised to 5°C; cobalt 60 can be used for sterilization, and after packaging, the product can be sealed and stored away from light.

[0099] Table 4 Amount of each component in the botanical insecticide composition of Example 1 to Example 3 (by mass percentage)

[0100]

[0101] Table 5 Components and amounts of the first component in Example 1-Example 3 (mass percentage)

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Table 6 Components and amounts of the second component in Example 1-Example 3 (mass percentage)

[0105] Agastache rugosa Elsholtzia ciliata Chrysanthemum indicum Saussurea costus Fructus cnidii Fresh Sophora japonica flowers Example 1 50 20 7 8 10 5 Example 2 60 10 5 10 5 10 Example 3 30 35 10 5 15 5

[0106] Table 7 Components and amounts of energy components in Examples 1 to 3 (by mass %)

[0107] Lotus leaf Fresh lotus flower Acanthopanax bark Example 1 60 30 10 Example 2 20 70 10 Example 3 70 10 20

[0108] Example 2

[0109] This example is a botanical insecticide composition, and each component is the same as that in Example 1. The specific dosage (by mass percentage) is shown in Table 4, Table 5 and Table 6 below.

[0110] The preparation method is:

[0111] S1. Collect the second component containing volatile oil components, that is, clean Patchouli, Elsholtzia, Wild Chrysanthemum, fresh Sophora japonica, Aucklandia lappa, and Cnidium monnieri, grind the fresh Sophora japonica at -5°C, and grind the other components by ultrafine wall breaking at -60°C, count and grind to 120 mesh, and sieve for later use;

[0112] S2, add the energy component to the treated second component and stir evenly; the energy component needs to be pre-treated, that is, firstly dry the fresh lotus leaves and lotus leaves under natural ventilation at 5°C, and grind them ultrafine at 5°C to a fine powder size of 120 meshes; in addition, the Acanthopanax Cortex is ultrafinely broken at 5°C and ground into a fine powder size of 120 meshes;

[0113] S3, collecting the first component containing volatile oil components, i.e., screening sandalwood, clove, mint, and schizonepeta spicate, performing low-temperature ultrafine wall-breaking pulverization at -5°C, counting the number of fine grinding meshes to 120 meshes, and sieving for later use;

[0114] S4. Add the energy component to the mixture in step S3 and stir evenly. The energy component added at this time is Acanthopanax bark, which is first ultrasonically broken through the cell wall at 5°C, ground into fine powder with a mesh size of 120, and then added to the mixture in S3;

[0115] Among them, the stirring time is 15 minutes; make each component fully mixed and undergo a chemical reaction, that is: make the chemical components in the above-mentioned components gradually synthesize, and only after entering the insect body can the drug effect be exerted;

[0116] In this step, an enzyme component can also be added, that is, add fresh tea leaves of green tea;

[0117] S5. Remove the residue and sieve;

[0118] S6. Heat up and sterilize; among them, heat up to 5°C; it can be sterilized by cobalt 60, and store it in a light-proof and airtight manner after packaging.

[0119] Example 3

[0120] This example is a plant insecticidal drug composition, and each component is the same as that in Example 1. The specific dosage (by mass percentage) is shown in Tables 4, 5 and 6 below.

[0121] The preparation method is as follows:

[0122] S1. Collect the second component containing volatile oil components, that is, screen out and clean Pogostemon cablin, Elsholtzia ciliata, Chrysanthemum indicum, fresh Sophora japonica flowers, Aucklandia lappa, and Cnidium monnieri. Grind and crush fresh Sophora japonica flowers at -3°C, and perform low-temperature ultrasonic cell wall breaking and grinding on other components at -55°C, with a fine grinding mesh size of 150, and sieve for later use;

[0123] S2. Add the energy component to the processed second component and stir evenly; the energy component needs to be pretreated, that is, first air-dry fresh lotus leaves and lotus leaves naturally at 8°C, perform ultrafine grinding at 8°C, and the fine grinding mesh size is 150; in addition, ultrasonically break through the cell wall of Acanthopanax bark at 8°C, and grind it into fine powder with a mesh size of 150;

[0124] S3. Collect the first component containing volatile oil components, that is, screen out and clean Santalum album, Eugenia caryophyllata, Mentha haplocalyx, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Piper cubeba, and Cinnamomum cassia. Perform low-temperature ultrasonic cell wall breaking and grinding on them at -45°C, with a fine grinding mesh size of 150, and sieve for later use;

[0125] S4. Add the energy component to the mixture in step S3 and stir evenly. The energy component added at this time is Acanthopanax bark, which is first ultrasonically broken through the cell wall at 8°C, ground into fine powder with a mesh size of 150, and then added to the mixture in S3;

[0126] Among them, the stirring time is 25 minutes; this allows all components to be fully mixed and undergo a chemical reaction, that is: the chemical components in the above-mentioned components are gradually synthesized, and only after entering the insect body can the medicinal effect be exerted;

[0127] In this step, an enzyme component can also be added, that is, fresh tea leaves of green tea are added;

[0128] S5. Remove residues and sieve;

[0129] S6. Raise the temperature and sterilize; among them, the temperature is raised to 5°C; sterilization can be carried out with cobalt-60, and after packaging, it is stored in a light-proof and sealed manner.

[0130] Verification experiment on the plant-derived medicinal composition of Example 1

[0131] 1. Laboratory pharmacological and efficacy verification. As shown in Table 7 below, under laboratory conditions, applying the plant-derived medicinal composition of Example 1 has a significant killing effect on root-knot nematodes, white grubs, cutworms, scorpions, and superworms. The dosage is small, the onset is fast, and the lethal time is short. The lethal time for superworms is particularly short, only 60 seconds, and the longest lethal time for white grubs and cutworms is only about 72 hours.

[0132] Table 7 Laboratory pharmacological and efficacy verification results

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] 2. Contact killing experiment on insects that mainly harm trees and fruits and vegetables in nature. As shown in Table 8 below, in 2022, the plant-derived medicinal composition of Example 1 was applied in a field planting experiment, and the field conditions before and after treatment were observed. Test plot 1 is in Miyun, with a planting area of 9.36 m 2 , and the planted sample is Chinese chives, with 200 samples observed; Test plot 2 is in Huairou, with a planting area of 206 m 2 , and the planted sample is Chinese chives, with 200 samples observed; The results show that the plant-derived medicinal composition of Example 1 has a very significant control effect on Botrytis cinerea of Chinese chives, basically achieving 100% control.

[0136] Table 8 Field planting experiment results

[0137]

[0138] 3. Observation of plant growth after soil disinfection in a vegetable planting base. As shown in Table 9 below, in 2021, soil disinfection was carried out in the Miyun base and the Huairou base. The results show that by applying the plant-derived medicinal composition of Example 1 to disinfect the soil, it is beneficial to the growth of above-ground and underground crops and the prevention and control of pests and diseases.

[0139] Table 9 Observation Results of Plant Growth after Soil Disinfection

[0140]

[0141] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant-derived medicinal composition, characterized in that, It includes a first component and a second component containing volatile oil components. The first component contains one or more of alcohols, ketones, esters, terpenes, and terpane aromatics. The second component contains one or more of flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins.

2. The plant-derived medicinal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an energy component, which contains trace elements, vitamins, potassium ions, sodium ions, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, and phenolic groups; It also includes an enzyme component, including one or more of tyrosinase, phenylalanine hydroxylase, cytochrome oxidase, and enzymes containing vitamin components; It also includes an osmotic pressure regulator, and the osmotic pressure regulator is sodium chloride.

3. The plant-derived medicinal composition according to claim 1, wherein The active metal groups include tyrosinase containing divalent copper ions, cytochrome oxidase containing divalent iron ions, or ATPase containing monovalent sodium ions.

4. The plant-derived medicinal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Each component is calculated by mass percentage as follows: the first component is 30 - 60%, the second component is 10 - 30%, the energy component is 9 - 15%, the enzyme component is 10 - 30%, and the osmotic pressure regulator is 1 - 5%.

5. The phytogenic medicinal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first component is selected from several of sandalwood, clove, mint, schizonepeta spike, cubeb, and cassia twig.

6. The plant-derived medicinal composition according to claim 4, wherein The second component is selected from several of pogostemon cablin, elsholtzia ciliata, wild chrysanthemum, fresh pagoda tree flower, costus root, and fructus cnidii.

7. The preparation method of the plant-derived medicinal composition according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Collect the second component containing volatile oil components, and break the cell wall and pulverize it under low-temperature conditions; S2. Add the energy component to the processed second component and stir evenly; S3. Collect the first component containing volatile oil components, break the cell wall and pulverize it under low-temperature conditions, and then add it to the mixture in step S2; S4. Add the energy component to the mixture in step S3 and stir evenly; S5. Remove the residue and sieve; S6. Raise the temperature and sterilize.

8. The preparation method of the plant-derived medicinal composition according to claim 7, characterized in that, The low-temperature conditions in step S1 and step S3 are -60°C to -70°C; The stirring time in step S4 is 15 - 30 minutes; In step S6, raise the temperature above 0°C; The cell wall breaking and pulverizing in step S1 and step S3 is to process the material to a mesh number of 120 - 180 meshes.

9. The preparation method of the plant-derived medicinal composition according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first component is sandalwood, clove, mint, schizonepeta spike, cubeb, and cassia twig; The second component is pogostemon cablin, elsholtzia ciliata, wild chrysanthemum, fresh pagoda tree flower, costus root, and fructus cnidii; The energy component is fresh lotus flower, lotus leaf, and acanthopanax bark; Air-dry the fresh lotus leaf and lotus leaf naturally at 15°C - 24°C, and conduct ultrafine grinding at 5°C - 24°C. The mesh number of the ground fine powder is 120 meshes - 180 meshes, and remove the residue for standby; The preparation process of the acanthopanax bark is as follows: Ultrafinely break the cell wall of the acanthopanax bark at normal temperature of 5°C - 10°C, and grind it into fine powder with a mesh number of 120 meshes - 180 meshes, and remove the residue for standby.

10. Use of the plant-derived medicinal composition according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The application includes the application in pest control, including the application in pest control and the application in soil reconstruction or optimization; The application in pest control includes killing harmful insects and microorganisms. By synthesizing and releasing sympathetic neurotransmitters in the insects through the plant-derived medicinal composition, the organs of the insects fail and they dehydrate; The sympathetic neurotransmitter is catecholamine or dopamine neurotransmitter.

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