Energy storage preparatory cabin and energy storage station adopting energy storage preparatory cabin

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage preparatory cabin and an energy storage station adopting the energy storage preparatory cabin. The energy storage preparatory cabin comprises a prefabricated cabin body, and a monitoring cabinet, a fire-fighting main cabinet, a fire-fighting pipe network, a storage battery, a confluence cabinet and a converter are arranged in the prefabricated cabin body; the storage battery and the converter are arranged in the same cabin, and the battery, battery management, converter, fire fighting, temperature control and monitoring are integrated, so that when a power distribution network breaks down, the energy storage prefabricated cabin can be quickly moved to a power failure area in a vehicle-mounted mode, 0.4 kilovolt power supply is provided for the power failure area, and therefore the utilization efficiency of equipment is improved, and the service life of the power distribution network is prolonged. And the recovery capability of the system for resisting emergencies and faults is improved. According to the energy storage station adopting the energy storage preparation cabin, construction can be carried out without building reporting and construction drawing replying, the building reporting time is saved, equipment foundation construction and equipment production can be carried out synchronously, the field work amount is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved; the energy storage station is compact in structure, cable consumption is saved, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage, and more specifically, to an energy storage preparation cabin and an energy storage station using the energy storage preparation cabin. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage power stations are equipment systems that store, convert and release cyclical electrical energy through electrochemical batteries or electromagnetic energy storage media. Energy storage stations are an important component and key supporting technology for smart grids, microgrids and renewable energy grid connection, and play a regulatory role in all aspects of the power system, including source, network and load.

[0003] Most of the existing energy storage stations have complex structures and need to go through the design, construction application, construction and other processes. The construction period is long, the impact on the surrounding area is great, the foundation construction and equipment installation cannot be carried out simultaneously, the on-site engineering volume is large, and the construction efficiency is low. At present, some energy storage stations also use prefabricated cabins for energy storage. Prefabricated cabins are equipment and do not need to be reported for construction. Construction can start after the construction drawings are approved, which can save time. Existing prefabricated cabins usually adopt a structure where batteries and converter equipment groups are arranged separately. They need to be equipped with multiple sets of fire protection, temperature control and monitoring equipment at the same time. Not only is the equipment installation complicated and the subsequent maintenance difficult, but fires occur frequently, which can easily cause large losses. In addition, once the distribution network fails, it is difficult to transport fast cabins such as battery groups and converter equipment groups to the power outage area to provide power supply. The equipment utilization efficiency is low, and the system's ability to resist emergencies and recover after failures is poor.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above situation, how to improve prefabricated cabins and energy storage stations, improve equipment utilization and enhance the system's ability to resist emergencies and recover after failures has become an important technical problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention discloses an energy storage preparation cabin, comprising a prefabricated cabin body, wherein a monitoring cabinet, a fire main cabinet, a fire pipe network, a storage battery, a junction cabinet and a converter are arranged in the prefabricated cabin body;

[0006] The monitoring cabinet is arranged at the front section of the prefabricated cabin, and includes a data processing unit, a data transmission module and a data acquisition module. The data processing unit is connected to the data acquisition module through the data transmission module. The data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a power sensor.

[0007] The fire main cabinet is arranged above the monitoring cabinet, and a fire extinguishing agent is arranged inside the cabinet; the fire main cabinet is connected to the fire pipe network, and the fire pipe network includes a main pipe for conveying the fire extinguishing agent and a plurality of branch pipes connected to the main pipe;

[0008] The storage battery is arranged in the middle section of the prefabricated cabin and is used to store electrical energy; the storage battery includes a plurality of battery clusters, and the battery clusters are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the branch pipelines; a high-voltage box is arranged at the bottom of the battery cluster, and a fireproof board is arranged between adjacent battery clusters;

[0009] The busbar cabinet is arranged in the rear section of the prefabricated cabin and is isolated from the storage battery by the fireproof board; the busbar cabinet is respectively connected to a plurality of battery clusters and is used for busbar connection control and hierarchical protection of the plurality of battery clusters;

[0010] The inverter is arranged beside the busbar cabinet, its DC terminal is connected to the storage battery, and its AC terminal is used to connect to the power grid and is used to realize the current conversion between the energy storage preparation cabin and the power grid;

[0011] The prefabricated cabin adopts an outward-opening door structure, and a through-type air duct is arranged inside it. The through-type air duct includes a main air duct and several air duct branches. The main air duct penetrates through the storage battery; the air duct branches are arranged between two adjacent battery clusters; one end of the air duct branch is communicated with the main air duct, and a slightly positive pressure air conditioner is arranged at the other end.

[0012] Preferably, the battery cluster is composed of a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and the capacity of the battery cell is 280 Ah; the high-voltage box includes a cluster management unit, a fuse and a circuit breaker, and the battery cluster, the fuse and the circuit breaker are respectively connected to the cluster management unit.

[0013] Preferably, a detection and alarm module is arranged on the battery cluster; a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the battery cluster, and the plurality of temperature sensors respectively monitor the temperatures of the plurality of battery cells; a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor and a gas concentration monitoring device are arranged beside the battery cluster. The humidity sensor is used to detect the ambient humidity around the battery cluster, the smoke sensor is used to monitor whether there is a fire hazard, and the gas concentration monitoring device is used to collect and detect the gas around the battery cluster; the detection and alarm module is respectively connected to the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, smoke sensor and gas concentration detection device on the battery cluster.

[0014] Preferably, the detection and alarm module is used to obtain the monitoring data of the battery cluster and transmit it to the fire protection main cabinet; an actuator is arranged on the branch pipeline, and a plurality of sub-pipelines respectively matched with the plurality of battery cells are arranged on the actuator, and the actuator is connected to the fire protection main cabinet.

[0015] Preferably, the fireproof board is composed of a composite of mica material and aerosol.

[0016] Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent is perfluoromethyl isopropyl ketone fire extinguishing agent.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes an intelligent oscillograph which is connected to the monitoring cabinet and can collect and store the fault information sent by the monitoring cabinet in real time; the intelligent oscillograph includes a protection fault information unit, a remote setting value modification unit, a fault recording unit, a network message unit, a file control unit, an on-line monitoring module for the status of secondary equipment, and a fault diagnosis and location module for secondary circuits.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes an integrated monitoring system which includes a computer monitoring system, a video monitoring subsystem, an access control subsystem, an environment subsystem, a power monitoring subsystem, a security monitoring subsystem, and a fire monitoring subsystem; the computer monitoring system adopts a distributed hierarchical network structure or an open hierarchical network structure, and it includes an energy management system (EMS), a battery BMS system, and a PCS system; the computer monitoring system communicates with the video monitoring subsystem, the access control subsystem, the environment subsystem, the power monitoring subsystem, the security monitoring subsystem, and the fire monitoring subsystem in a network manner; the video monitoring subsystem includes a number of cameras which are arranged inside the prefabricated cabin; the access control subsystem includes a face recognition module, a fingerprint recognition module, an IC card access control module, an NFC card access control module, and a remote access control module; the environment subsystem includes a temperature control module, a humidity control module, an electromagnetic protection module, and a noise control module; the power monitoring subsystem is used to detect the voltage, current, and temperature of the storage battery, as well as the operating status of the busbar cabinet and the inverter.

[0019] Preferably, it includes a fence and a road area, an equipment installation area, and a parking area arranged inside the fence; on the equipment installation area, there are also arranged a primary equipment prefabricated cabin, a secondary equipment prefabricated cabin, a station service power prefabricated cabin, a spare parts cabin, and several box-type transformers.

[0020] Preferably, the road area is in a T-shaped structure; the equipment installation area includes a number of prefabricated cabin foundation piles, and the periphery of the prefabricated cabin foundation piles is a permeable concrete road surface; the permeable concrete road surface includes a permeable concrete layer, a 30-mm-thick sand filter layer, gravel with sand, and a rammed plain soil layer; the thickness of the permeable concrete layer is 150 mm, and the concrete grade is C25; the thickness of the sand filter layer is 30 mm, the thickness of the gravel with sand is 200 mm, and the ramming coefficient of the rammed plain soil layer is greater than 93%.

[0021] The energy storage prefabricated cabin provided by the present invention realizes the integrated integration of battery, battery management, converter, fire protection, temperature control and monitoring by arranging the battery and the converter in the same cabin. When a fault occurs in the distribution network, the energy storage prefabricated cabin can be quickly moved to the power outage area by vehicle to provide a power supply of 0.4 kV, thereby improving the equipment utilization efficiency and enhancing the system's ability to resist emergencies and recover after a fault. For the energy storage station adopting this energy storage prefabricated cabin, there is no need for construction approval, and construction can start after the construction drawing is approved, saving the construction approval time. Moreover, the equipment foundation construction and equipment production can be carried out simultaneously, greatly reducing the on-site engineering quantity and significantly improving the construction efficiency; the structure of the energy storage station is compact and the zoning is clear, which can effectively save the amount of cables used and reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is the structure diagram of the energy storage prefabricated cabin of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is the internal structure schematic diagram of the energy storage prefabricated cabin of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic diagram of the through-type air duct of the energy storage prefabricated cabin of the present invention;

[0026] Among them, the marks in each drawing are shown as follows:

[0027] 1 - prefabricated cabin body, 2 - monitoring cabinet, 3 - fire protection main cabinet, 4 - fire protection pipe network, 5 - battery, 51 - battery cluster, 52 - high-voltage box, 6 - busbar cabinet, 7 - converter, 8 - through-type air duct, 81 - main air duct, 82 - air duct branch, 9 - slightly positive pressure air conditioner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The present invention discloses an energy storage prefabricated cabin and an energy storage station adopting the energy storage prefabricated cabin. The energy storage prefabricated cabin realizes the integrated integration of battery, battery management, converter, fire protection, temperature control and monitoring by arranging the battery and the converter in the same cabin, and can be moved by vehicle to improve the equipment utilization efficiency. For the energy storage station adopting this energy storage prefabricated cabin, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the structure is compact and the zoning is clear, which can effectively save the amount of cables used and reduce costs.

[0029] The following is a clear and detailed description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides an energy storage preparation cabin, including a prefabricated cabin body 1, wherein the prefabricated cabin body 1 is provided with a monitoring cabinet 2, a fire main cabinet 3, a fire pipe network 4, a battery 5, a junction cabinet 6 and a converter 7;

[0031] The monitoring cabinet 2 is arranged at the front section of the prefabricated cabin 1, and includes a data processing unit, a data transmission module and a data acquisition module. The data processing unit is connected to the data acquisition module through the data transmission module. The data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a power sensor.

[0032] The fire main cabinet 3 is arranged above the monitoring cabinet 2, and a fire extinguishing agent is arranged inside the cabinet; the fire main cabinet 3 is connected to the fire pipe network 4, and the fire pipe network 4 includes a main pipe for conveying the fire extinguishing agent and a plurality of branch pipes connected to the main pipe;

[0033] The storage battery 5 is arranged in the middle section of the prefabricated cabin 1, and is used to store electric energy; the storage battery includes a plurality of battery clusters 51, and the battery clusters 51 are arranged one by one with the branch pipelines; a high-voltage box 52 is arranged at the bottom of the battery cluster 51, and a fireproof plate is arranged between adjacent battery clusters 51;

[0034] The combiner cabinet 6 is arranged at the rear section of the prefabricated cabin 1 and is isolated from the battery 5 by the fireproof board; the combiner cabinet 6 is respectively connected to a plurality of battery clusters 51 and is used for combining and controlling the plurality of battery clusters 51 and performing hierarchical protection;

[0035] The converter 7 is arranged beside the combiner cabinet 6, with its DC end connected to the battery 5, and its AC end connected to the power grid, and used to realize the current conversion between the energy storage preparatory cabin and the power grid;

[0036] The prefabricated cabin 1 adopts an outward opening door structure, and is provided with a through-type air duct 8 inside. The through-type air duct 8 includes a main air duct 81 and a plurality of air duct branches 82. The main air duct 81 runs through the battery 5; the air duct branch 82 is arranged between two adjacent battery clusters 51; one end of the air duct branch 82 is connected to the main air duct 81, and the other end is provided with a micro-positive pressure air conditioner 9.

[0037] Different from the usual separate arrangement of the battery compartment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the storage battery 5 and the converter 7 are arranged in the same compartment, realizing the integration of battery + battery management + converter 7 + fire protection + temperature control + monitoring. In this way, when a fault occurs in the power distribution network, the storage battery 5 converter 7 compartment can be transported to the power outage area by vehicle to provide a power supply of 0.4 kV, thereby improving the equipment utilization efficiency and enhancing the system's ability to resist emergencies and recover after a fault.

[0038] In this embodiment, the micro positive pressure air conditioner 9 adopts an industrial air conditioner. Through a distributed air conditioner distribution structure, the fault tolerance of the micro positive pressure air conditioner 9 is high, and single air-cooled temperature control is adopted. The micro positive pressure air conditioner 9 is equipped with a circulating air duct to form an equalizing ventilation system for ventilation and cooling, realizing a balanced micro positive pressure environment inside the compartment. While achieving efficient cooling, the prefabricated cabin 1 can maintain a positive pressure state, preventing foreign matters such as dust and metal particles from entering, avoiding faults such as equipment short circuits and poor contacts caused by foreign matters, ensuring the stable operation of the equipment, and reducing the equipment maintenance cost and fault repair time.

[0039] The fire protection pipe network 4 covers each battery cluster 51 through branch pipelines, and the partition injection control makes the fire extinguishing more targeted. The storage battery 5 in this embodiment adopts a standard battery cluster 51, with a single string design of 280 Ah battery cells and an external maintenance design, and the cycle life is greater than 5000 times. The high-voltage box 52 is an efficient management unit inside the battery cluster 51, playing a role in protecting the battery cluster 51. The converter 7 adopts a high-efficiency multi-level structure, providing multiple protections for the equipment, supporting IEC61850 and fault recording, and the busbar trunk cabinet 6 provides multi-cluster busbar trunking control and hierarchical protection configuration. The prefabricated cabin 1 has an external opening for maintenance, reducing the operation and maintenance risks, with a protection level of IP55 and anti-corrosion not less than C4.

[0040] Aiming at the pain point of frequent fires, the present invention adopts the following four designs: the storage battery 5 adopts a design of "partition fire retardant partition + partition fire protection monitoring". The battery cluster 51 is separated by a fireproof board, and then independent air supply is carried out through the air duct branch 82, combined with the branch pipeline to conduct separate prevention and control of the battery cluster 51; a thermal management system is set up to prevent fires caused by battery overheating; a perfluoromethylcyclohexanone automatic fire extinguishing system is adopted to block heat diffusion and prevent re-ignition; a three-level early warning system is set up according to the cluster group for early detection and intelligent judgment of fire alarms.

[0041] Furthermore, the three - level early warning system detects various gas components in the prefabricated cabin 1, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, sulfur hexafluoride, etc. Different gas component changes may reflect different fault situations. For example, battery thermal runaway may generate gases such as CO and H2. By monitoring the temperature change in the prefabricated cabin 1. Temperature is an important parameter for judging the operating state of the energy storage device. Excessive temperature may indicate dangerous situations such as thermal runaway. In addition, by detecting the battery 5 and related electrical equipment, parameters such as battery voltage and working voltage are monitored. Abnormal voltage changes may indicate abnormal charge - discharge states of the battery or faults in the equipment. Then, the collected gas, temperature, voltage and other characteristic parameters are fused. A data fusion algorithm is used to perform weighted fusion on different types of data to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data. Based on a large amount of experimental data and actual operation data, a thermal runaway model of the energy storage pre - cabin is established. The thermal runaway model is used to predict whether the battery is about to enter the thermal runaway state and the development trend of thermal runaway. On this basis, three - level early warning is adopted to detect and intelligently judge the fire situation.

[0042] First - level early warning: When the monitored parameters show slight abnormalities but have not reached the dangerous level, the first - level early warning is triggered, and the staff can be reminded to pay attention to the operating state of the energy storage pre - cabin.

[0043] Second - level early warning: When the monitored parameters further deteriorate and are close to the danger threshold, the second - level early warning is triggered. For example, when the temperature exceeds the normal operating temperature range, the voltage of some batteries shows obvious fluctuations, and the gas concentration continues to rise. At this time, the staff will be notified to conduct inspections and handling, and corresponding cooling, ventilation and other measures will be started simultaneously.

[0044] Third - level early warning: When the monitored parameters reach or exceed the danger threshold, and the thermal runaway model predicts that thermal runaway is about to occur or has already occurred, the third - level early warning is triggered. The system automatically cuts off relevant equipment and activates the fire - extinguishing device according to the pre - set settings, and at the same time sends an emergency notice to relevant management departments and personnel.

[0045] Preferably, the battery cluster 51 is composed of multiple battery cells connected in series, and the capacity of each battery cell is 280Ah; the high - voltage box 52 includes a cluster management unit, a fuse and a circuit breaker, and the battery cluster 51, the fuse and the circuit breaker are respectively connected to the cluster management unit.

[0046] Preferably, a detection and alarm module is provided on the battery cluster 51; a plurality of temperature sensors are provided on the battery cluster 51, and the plurality of temperature sensors respectively monitor the temperatures of a plurality of battery cells; a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor and a gas concentration monitoring device are provided beside the battery cluster 51, the humidity sensor is used for detecting the ambient humidity around the battery cluster 51, the smoke sensor is used for monitoring whether there is a fire hazard, and the gas concentration monitoring device is used for collecting and detecting the gas around the battery cluster 51; the detection and alarm module is respectively connected to the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, smoke sensor and gas concentration detection device on the battery cluster 51.

[0047] Preferably, the detection and alarm module is used for obtaining the monitoring data of the battery cluster 51 and transmitting it to the fire protection main cabinet 3; an actuator is provided on the branch pipeline, and a plurality of sub-pipelines respectively cooperating with a plurality of battery cells are provided on the actuator, and the actuator is connected to the fire protection main cabinet 3.

[0048] Preferably, the fireproof board is formed by compounding mica material and aerosol.

[0049] Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent is perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent.

[0050] Preferably, an intelligent oscillograph is further included, and the intelligent oscillograph is connected to the monitoring cabinet 2 and can collect and store the fault information sent by the monitoring cabinet 2 in real time; the intelligent oscillograph includes a protection fault information unit, a remote setting modification unit, a fault recording unit, a network message unit, a file control unit, an on-line monitoring module for the secondary equipment status and a secondary circuit fault diagnosis and location module.

[0051] Preferably, it further includes an integrated monitoring system, which includes a computer monitoring system, a video monitoring subsystem, an access control subsystem, an environmental subsystem, a power monitoring subsystem, a security monitoring subsystem, and a fire monitoring subsystem; the computer monitoring system adopts a distributed hierarchical network structure or an open hierarchical network structure, and it includes an energy management system EMS, a battery BMS system, and a PCS system; the computer monitoring system communicates with the video monitoring subsystem, the access control subsystem, the environmental subsystem, the power monitoring subsystem, the security monitoring subsystem, and the fire monitoring subsystem in a network manner; the video monitoring subsystem includes a plurality of cameras, and the cameras are arranged in the prefabricated cabin 1; the access control subsystem includes a face recognition module, a fingerprint recognition module, an IC card access control module, an NFC card access control module, and a remote access control module; the environmental subsystem includes a temperature regulation module, a humidity regulation module, an electromagnetic protection module, and a noise regulation module; the power monitoring subsystem is used to detect the voltage, current, and temperature of the storage battery 5, as well as the operating states of the busbar cabinet 6 and the inverter 7.

[0052] Preferably, it includes a perimeter wall and a road area, an equipment installation area, and a parking area arranged within the perimeter wall; a primary equipment prefabricated cabin, a secondary equipment prefabricated cabin, a station service power prefabricated cabin, a spare parts cabin, and several box-type transformers are further arranged on the equipment installation area. In this embodiment, the energy storage preparation cabin belongs to equipment and does not require construction approval. Construction can start after the construction drawing is approved, saving construction approval time; the construction of equipment foundations and equipment production can be carried out simultaneously, greatly reducing the on-site workload and greatly improving the construction efficiency. Specifically, for a first-phase 5MW / 15MWh lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage and a long-term 2×5MW / 15MWh lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage station, it only takes 80 days from the start of construction to the completion of equipment installation and wiring.

[0053] Preferably, the road area has a T-shaped structure; the equipment installation area includes a number of prefabricated cabin foundation piles, and the periphery of the prefabricated cabin foundation piles is a permeable concrete road surface; the permeable concrete road surface includes a permeable concrete layer, a 30-mm-thick sand filter layer, gravel with sand, and a rammed plain soil layer; the thickness of the permeable concrete layer is 150 mm, and the concrete grade is C25; the thickness of the sand filter layer is 30 mm, the thickness of the gravel with sand is 200 mm, and the ramming coefficient of the rammed plain soil layer is greater than 93%.

[0054] In this embodiment, a road with a T-shaped structure is arranged in the energy storage station, and an exit can be set at the end of the T-shaped structure, which not only saves land but also meets the requirements of fire fighting and transportation. In a common rectangular site, the T-shaped structure divides the rectangular site into three parts. By repeatedly adjusting and optimizing the combination mode, cabin size, cabin layout and cable path of each energy storage preparation cabin, an energy storage station layout scheme with clear zoning, compactness, reasonableness and cable saving is formed.

[0055] The energy storage preparation cabin provided by the present invention realizes the integration of battery, battery management, inverter, fire fighting, temperature control and monitoring by arranging the battery and the inverter in the same cabin. When a fault occurs in the distribution network, the energy storage prefabricated cabin can be quickly moved to the power outage area by vehicle to provide a power supply of 0.4 kV, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the equipment and enhancing the ability of the system to resist emergencies and recover after faults. For the energy storage station adopting this energy storage preparation cabin, there is no need for construction approval, and construction can start after the construction drawing is approved, which saves the construction approval time. Moreover, the equipment foundation construction and equipment production can be carried out simultaneously, greatly reducing the on-site engineering quantity and improving the construction efficiency; the structure of the energy storage station is compact and the zoning is clear, which can effectively save the cable consumption and reduce the cost.

[0056] The above has introduced in detail the energy storage preparation cabin provided by the present invention and the energy storage station adopting this energy storage preparation cabin. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the embodiments of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A energy storage preparation cabin, characterized in that, The invention comprises a prefabricated cabin (1), wherein a monitoring cabinet (2), a main fire fighting cabinet (3), a fire fighting pipe network (4), a storage battery (5), a junction cabinet (6) and a converter (7) are arranged in the prefabricated cabin; The monitoring cabinet is arranged at the front section of the prefabricated cabin, and includes a data processing unit, a data transmission module and a data acquisition module. The data processing unit is connected to the data acquisition module through the data transmission module. The data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a power sensor. The fire main cabinet is arranged above the monitoring cabinet, and a fire extinguishing agent is arranged inside the cabinet; the fire main cabinet is connected to the fire pipe network, and the fire pipe network includes a main pipe for conveying the fire extinguishing agent and a plurality of branch pipes connected to the main pipe; The storage battery is arranged in the middle section of the prefabricated cabin and is used to store electric energy; the storage battery comprises a plurality of battery clusters (51), and the battery clusters are arranged one by one with the branch pipelines; a high-voltage box (52) is arranged at the bottom of the battery cluster, and a fireproof plate is arranged between adjacent battery clusters; The combiner cabinet is arranged at the rear section of the prefabricated cabin and is isolated from the battery by the fireproof plate; the combiner cabinet is connected to a plurality of battery clusters respectively and is used for combining and controlling the battery clusters and performing hierarchical protection; The converter is arranged beside the combiner cabinet, with its DC end connected to the battery, and its AC end connected to the power grid, and used to realize current conversion between the energy storage preparatory cabin and the power grid; The prefabricated cabin adopts an outward opening door structure, and is provided with a through-type air duct (8) inside. The through-type air duct includes a main air duct (81) and a plurality of air duct branches (82). The main air duct runs through the battery; the air duct branch is arranged between two adjacent battery clusters; one end of the air duct branch is connected to the main air duct, and the other end is provided with a micro-positive pressure air conditioner (9).

2. The energy storage pre-chamber according to claim 1, wherein The battery cluster is composed of multiple battery cells connected in series, and the capacity of the battery cells is 280Ah; the high-voltage box includes a cluster management unit, a fuse and a short-circuit device, and the battery cluster, the fuse and the short-circuit device are respectively connected to the cluster management unit.

3. The energy storage preparation cabin according to claim 2, wherein The battery cluster is provided with a detection alarm module; the battery cluster is provided with a plurality of the temperature sensors, which respectively monitor the temperatures of a plurality of battery cells; the humidity sensor, the smoke sensor and the gas concentration monitoring device are provided next to the battery cluster, the humidity sensor is used to detect the ambient humidity around the battery cluster, the smoke sensor is used to monitor whether there is a fire hazard, and the gas concentration monitoring device is used to collect the gas around the battery cluster for detection; the detection alarm module is respectively connected to the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, smoke sensor and gas concentration detection device on the battery cluster.

4. The energy storage pre-chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection alarm module is used to obtain the monitoring data of the battery cluster and transmit it to the fire main cabinet; an actuator is arranged on the branch pipeline, and a plurality of sub-pipelines respectively matched with a plurality of battery cells are arranged on the actuator, and the actuator is connected to the fire main cabinet.

5. The energy storage reserve cabin according to claim 1, wherein The fireproof board is formed by compounding mica material and aerosol.

6. The energy storage pre-chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing agent is perfluoromethyl hexanone fire extinguishing agent.

7. The energy storage pre-compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an intelligent recorder which is connected to the monitoring cabinet and can collect and store the fault information sent by the monitoring cabinet in real time. The intelligent recorder includes a protection fault information unit, a remote setting value modification unit, a fault recording unit, a network message unit, a file control unit, an on-line monitoring module for the status of secondary equipment, and a fault diagnosis and location module for secondary circuits.

8. The energy storage pre-chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an integrated monitoring system which includes a computer monitoring system, a video monitoring subsystem, an access control subsystem, an environment subsystem, a power monitoring subsystem, a security monitoring subsystem, and a fire monitoring subsystem. The computer monitoring system adopts a distributed hierarchical network structure or an open hierarchical network structure and includes an energy management system (EMS), a battery BMS system, and a PCS system. The computer monitoring system communicates with the video monitoring subsystem, the access control subsystem, the environment subsystem, the power monitoring subsystem, the security monitoring subsystem, and the fire monitoring subsystem in a network manner. The video monitoring subsystem includes a number of cameras which are installed in the prefabricated cabin. The access control subsystem includes a face recognition module, a fingerprint recognition module, an IC card access control module, an NFC card access control module, and a remote access control module. The environment subsystem includes a temperature control module, a humidity control module, an electromagnetic protection module, and a noise control module. The power monitoring subsystem is used to detect the voltage, current, and temperature of the storage battery, as well as the operating status of the bus coupler cabinet and the inverter.

9. An energy storage station, adopting the energy storage preparation cabin described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It includes a fence and a road area, an equipment installation area, and a parking area set inside the fence. On the equipment installation area, there are also a primary equipment prefabricated cabin, a secondary equipment prefabricated cabin, a station service power prefabricated cabin, a spare parts cabin, and several box-type transformers.

10. The energy storage station according to claim 9, characterized in that, The road area is in a T-shaped structure. The equipment installation area includes a number of prefabricated cabin foundation piles, and the periphery of the prefabricated cabin foundation piles is a permeable concrete road surface. The permeable concrete road surface includes a permeable concrete layer, a 30-mm-thick sand filter layer, gravel backfill, and a compacted plain soil layer. The thickness of the permeable concrete layer is 150 mm, and the concrete grade is C25. The thickness of the sand filter layer is 30 mm, the thickness of the gravel backfill is 200 mm, and the compaction coefficient of the compacted plain soil layer is greater than 93%.

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