Automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cathode carbon block cleaning, in particular to an automatic cathode carbon block cleaning system which comprises a first fixing mechanism and a second fixing mechanism which are arranged on a first conveying mechanism in a spaced mode. A feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the first conveying mechanism; a first cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the second fixing mechanism; a turnover mechanism is arranged on one side of the first conveying mechanism and used for taking away the cathode carbon blocks on the second fixing mechanism, so that the cathode carbon blocks are turned over by 90 degrees and then placed on the second fixing mechanism; a second cleaning mechanism is arranged on the other side of the second fixing mechanism; a third cleaning mechanism is arranged at the other end of the first conveying mechanism in the length direction; and a discharging mechanism used for conveying the cathode carbon blocks on the second fixing mechanism to the third cleaning mechanism is arranged between the first conveying mechanism and the third cleaning mechanism, and through the technical scheme, the cathode carbon block cleaning device has the advantages that the cathode carbon blocks can be automatically cleaned in the whole process, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cathode carbon block cleaning system, specifically an automatic cathode carbon block cleaning system. Background Art

[0002] In order to facilitate the assembly of cathode carbon blocks and prevent the bonded filler from falling into the electrolytic cell and affecting the quality of primary aluminum, it is necessary to clean the calcined layer adhered to the surface of the cathode carbon block before the calcined cathode carbon block is transferred to the next process, and recycle the cleaned calcined layer; because the recycling prices of the cathode carbon block and the calcined layer are different, and the recycling price of the cathode carbon block is several times that of the calcined layer. Since each cathode carbon block can weigh several tons, if manual cleaning is used, the labor intensity of workers is high, the production efficiency is low, and the working environment is seriously polluted. However, there is currently no automatic cleaning line for the entire process of loading, cleaning, and unloading cathode carbon blocks on the market. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an automatic cathode carbon block cleaning system to solve the problems in related technologies. This device solves the problem that there is no automatic cleaning line in the entire cleaning process of cathode carbon blocks in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0005] An automatic cathode carbon block cleaning system, characterized in that it includes a first conveying mechanism, a first fixing mechanism and a second fixing mechanism respectively arranged at one end and the middle in the length direction of the first conveying mechanism. The first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism are both used to fix the cathode carbon block and synchronously carry the cathode carbon block in the same direction along the length direction of the first conveying mechanism;

[0006] On one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism, there is a loading mechanism for conveying the cathode carbon block onto the first fixing mechanism;

[0007] On both sides in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism on the side of the second fixing mechanism close to the first fixing mechanism, there are respectively a first cleaning mechanism, and the two first cleaning mechanisms are respectively used to clean the opposite two side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block;

[0008] On one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism, there is a flipping mechanism, and the flipping mechanism is arranged on the side of the first cleaning mechanism far from the loading mechanism. The flipping mechanism is used to pick up the cathode carbon block on the second fixing mechanism, flip the cathode carbon block by 90° and then place it on the second fixing mechanism;

[0009] On both sides in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism on the side of the second fixing mechanism away from the first cleaning mechanism, second cleaning mechanisms are respectively arranged, and the two second cleaning mechanisms are respectively used for cleaning the other two opposite side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block;

[0010] At the other end in the length direction of the first conveying mechanism, a third cleaning mechanism is arranged, and the third cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism, and the third cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning the two opposite side faces in the length direction of the cathode carbon block;

[0011] A blanking mechanism is arranged between the first conveying mechanism and the third cleaning mechanism, and the blanking mechanism is used for conveying the cathode carbon block on the second fixing mechanism to the third cleaning mechanism.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, through the setting of the first cleaning mechanism, the roasting layers on the two opposite side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block can be cleaned. After the cleaning is completed, the position of the cathode carbon block is adjusted by the flipping mechanism. After the adjustment is completed, the other two side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block are cleaned by the second cleaning mechanism. Finally, the roasting layers on the two side faces in the length direction are cleaned by the third cleaning mechanism, so that the roasting layers at each place on the cathode carbon block are cleaned. And throughout the entire cleaning process of centering, loading, fixing, cleaning, and blanking of the cathode carbon block, manual transmission, flipping, and cleaning are not required, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency;

[0013] Through the first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism that move synchronously in the same direction, when the first fixing mechanism moves with the carbon block for cleaning, the second fixing mechanism will also move with another carbon block for cleaning, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of this cleaning system.

[0014] Furthermore, a centering mechanism is further included. The centering mechanism is arranged at one end of the loading port in the loading mechanism, and the centering mechanism is used for receiving the cathode carbon block and adjusting the position of the cathode carbon block.

[0015] Furthermore, the first conveying mechanism includes a first support frame and two first guide rails. The two first guide rails are arranged in parallel on the top of the first support frame. The two first guide rails are both arranged along the length direction of the first support frame, and each first guide rail is a ball guide rail;

[0016] The first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism are both slidably engaged with the first guide rail through a plurality of sliding mechanisms; each sliding mechanism includes a sliding guide seat and a plurality of first bearings. Each sliding guide seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding first fixing mechanism or the second fixing mechanism. A first limiting groove is provided in the middle of the lower part of each sliding guide seat. The width of the first limiting groove is the same as that of the first guide rail. The plurality of first bearings are respectively arranged on both sides in the width direction of the first limiting groove. A first connecting shaft is fixedly provided in the inner ring of each first bearing, and the other end of each first connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding guide seat. The outer curved surface of the outer ring of each first bearing abuts against the side vertical surface of the first guide rail.

[0017] The first support frame includes a support top plate and a support bottom plate. A plurality of first mounting parts for fixing are provided on the support bottom plate. The support top plate is arranged above the support bottom plate through a plurality of support beams. The first guide rail is arranged on the top of the support top plate.

[0018] An anti-hooking plate is provided on the side vertical surface of each sliding guide seat. The anti-hooking plate is arranged vertically, and the lower part of the anti-hooking plate extends below the sliding guide seat. A second bearing is provided on the side vertical surface of each anti-hooking plate close to the first guide rail. The inner ring of each second bearing is fixedly connected to the corresponding anti-hooking plate through a second connecting shaft. The outer curved surface of the outer ring of each second bearing abuts against the bottom of the support top plate.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, by the setting of the ball guide rail, since the rolling friction of the ball guide rail is much lower than the sliding friction of the linear guide rail, this can significantly reduce energy loss and wear. Furthermore, in an environment with a large amount of dust, the lubrication requirement of the ball guide rail is low, and it is not easy to cause jamming or wear due to dust accumulation, thereby extending the service life and reducing the maintenance requirement. Moreover, the ball guide rail can bear greater radial and axial loads. Therefore, in long-distance movement, the ball guide rail can stably support heavy objects, reduce deformation or damage caused by uneven loads, thereby extending the service life and reducing the maintenance requirement.

[0020] By the setting of the first bearing and the second bearing, when the first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism move along the first guide rail, since the bearing can effectively prevent pollutants such as dust and sand particles from entering the inside of the bearing, the service life of each structure is extended, thereby reducing the maintenance cost.

[0021] Further, the first cleaning mechanism includes a support base and two second support frames. A plurality of second mounting members for fixing are provided on the support base. The width direction of the support base is consistent with the length direction of the first conveying mechanism. The two second support frames are respectively arranged on both sides in the width direction of the support base. Both of the two second support frames are arranged in a "return" shape. A milling drum and a hammer drum are respectively arranged on the side vertical surfaces of the two support frames close to the first conveying mechanism. Driving motors respectively and interlockingly connected to the milling drum and the hammer drum are arranged on the two support frames.

[0022] The hammer drum includes a hammer roller and a plurality of hammer components. The plurality of hammer components are sequentially arranged in a spiral shape along the outer curved surface of the hammer roller. Each hammer component includes a fixed seat and a hammer blade. Each fixed seat is fixedly installed on the hammer roller. One end of each hammer blade is flexibly connected to the corresponding fixed seat, and the end of each hammer blade far from the fixed seat is arranged in an arc shape.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, through the arrangement of the milling drum and the hammer drum, when cleaning the roasting layer on the surface of the cathode carbon block, the milling drum is used as the first cleaning. The milling drum with the characteristic of point damage can clean 80 - 90% of the roasting layer. At this time, the cleaning efficiency of the cathode carbon block can be improved. After the first cleaning, the hammer drum is used for the second cleaning. Since the hammer blade and the hammer roller are flexibly connected, when the hammer blade strikes the surface of the cathode carbon block, the hammer blade will adjust its rotation angle in real time according to the different strengths of the contact surface to avoid the problems of side bending, twisting and base material deformation caused by the draft angle due to the deformation of the cathode carbon block, thereby reducing economic losses.

[0024] Through the arrangement of the second support frame in a "return" shape, because the "return" shape structure has high overall stability, it can effectively bear the vibration and impact force generated during the operation of the hammer drum, thereby prolonging the service life of the first cleaning mechanism and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0025] Further, when each hammer blade rotates to the maximum angle, each hammer blade abuts against the adjacent fixed seat.

[0026] Further, the third cleaning mechanism includes a third support frame and two end mills with the same structure. The length direction of the third support frame is consistent with the length direction of the first conveying mechanism. A third guide rail is arranged at the top of the third support frame, and the third guide rail is a ball guide rail. Both end mills are slidably connected to the third guide rail. A second conveying mechanism is arranged on the third guide rail between the two end mills, and the other end of the second conveying mechanism extends to one side of the first guide rail.

[0027] Through the above technical solution, by setting the third cleaning mechanism, the roasting layers on both side faces in the length direction of the cathode carbon block can be cleaned simultaneously, thereby accelerating the cleaning efficiency.

[0028] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism have the same structure, and the conveying directions of the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism are opposite;

[0029] The feeding mechanism includes a fourth support frame, a first-stage conveying component and a second-stage conveying component. The fourth support frame has the same structure as the first support frame. Two parallel fourth guide rails are arranged along the length direction on the fourth support frame. The first-stage conveying component is arranged on the fourth guide rails through a plurality of the sliding mechanisms, and the fourth guide rails are ball guide rails. A first driving component for driving the first-stage conveying component to move along the fourth guide rails is arranged on the first-stage conveying component; the second-stage conveying component includes a support arm, a moving arm and a second driving component. The support arm is installed on the top of the first-stage conveying component through a plurality of screw jacks. The moving arm is slidably arranged on the support arm. The second driving component is used for driving the moving arm to move along the length direction of the support arm. The length direction of the support arm is the same as the length direction of the fourth guide rails.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, by setting the support arm, the moving arm can move left and right along the support arm, thereby shortening the length value of the moving arm, further reducing the structural difficulty and volume of the overall device, and thus reducing the cost.

[0031] Furthermore, the centering mechanism includes a fifth support frame, a first push plate and two second push plates. The fifth support frame has the same length direction as the first conveying mechanism. Two cathode carbon block support blocks with the same structure are arranged at the top along the width direction of the fifth support frame. First notches are arranged on both sides in the width direction of each cathode carbon block support block, making the cathode carbon block support blocks wedge-shaped. A roller is arranged at one end of each cathode carbon block support block close to the feeding mechanism. Each roller is rotatably connected to the fifth support frame. The end face of each roller is located at the top of the fifth support frame;

[0032] The first push plate is slidably arranged on the fifth support frame. The first push block is arranged along the length direction of the fifth support frame; the two second push plates are respectively arranged at both ends in the length direction of the first push plate and are both slidably connected to the first push plate;

[0033] A third driving component and a fourth driving component for driving the first push plate and the two second push plates to move are respectively arranged on the side face of the first push plate far from the roller.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, with the setting of the rollers, when the cathode carbon block is on the cathode carbon block support block on the fifth support frame, when the first push plate pushes the cathode carbon block to move, the side vertical surface of the cathode carbon block will abut against the rollers, and at this time, it is the circumferential surface of the rollers that abuts against the cathode carbon block, thereby avoiding damage to the cathode carbon block and reducing economic losses.

[0035] Both the third driving assembly and the fourth driving assembly are arranged on the side facing away from the cathode carbon block. When adjusting the position of the cathode carbon block through the first push plate and the second push plate, the first push plate can block part of the dust, thereby reducing the influence of dust on the centering mechanism, prolonging the service life of the centering mechanism and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0036] Further, the sliding guide seat is arranged along the length direction of the first conveying mechanism. Blocks are arranged at both ends of each sliding guide seat in the length direction. The blocks are arranged along the length direction of the sliding guide seat. A second limiting groove adapted to the first guide rail is arranged at the lower part of the block. Chamfers are arranged at the other end of each block in the length direction, so that the width value of the part of each block with a chamfer gradually decreases, and the width value of the end of the block far from the sliding guide seat is smaller than the width value of the end close to the sliding guide seat.

[0037] Through the above technical solution, with the setting of the blocks, before the sliding guide seat moves, the blocks will first move along the first guide rail, and the blocks with two chamfers are more likely to scrape off the dust, thereby reducing the dust entering the sliding guide seat and prolonging the service life of the device.

[0038] Adopting the above solution, there are the following specific advantages:

[0039] 1. Through the setting of the first cleaning mechanism, the roasting layers on the two opposite side vertical surfaces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block can be cleaned. After the cleaning is completed, the position of the cathode carbon block is adjusted through the flipping mechanism. After the adjustment is completed, the other two side vertical surfaces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block are cleaned through the second cleaning mechanism. Finally, the roasting layers on the two side vertical surfaces in the length direction are cleaned through the third cleaning mechanism, thereby cleaning off the roasting layer at each place on the cathode carbon block. And throughout the whole cleaning process of centering, feeding, fixing, cleaning and discharging of the cathode carbon block, there is no need for manual transmission, flipping and cleaning, so as to improve the cleaning efficiency. Through the first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism that move synchronously in the same direction, when the first fixing mechanism drives the carbon block to move for cleaning, the second fixing mechanism will also drive another carbon block to be cleaned, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of this cleaning system.

[0040] 2. By setting the ball guide rail, since the rolling friction of the ball guide rail is much lower than the sliding friction of the linear guide rail, this can significantly reduce energy loss and wear. Furthermore, in an environment with a large amount of dust, the lubrication requirement of the ball guide rail is low, and it is not easily stuck or worn due to dust accumulation, thus extending the service life and reducing the maintenance requirement. Moreover, the ball guide rail can withstand greater radial and axial loads. Therefore, in long-distance motion, the ball guide rail can stably support heavy objects, reducing deformation or damage caused by uneven loads, thereby extending the service life and reducing the maintenance requirement; By setting the first bearing and the second bearing, when the first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism move along the first guide rail, since the bearing can effectively prevent pollutants such as dust and sand particles from entering the inside of the bearing, the service life of each structure is extended, thus reducing the maintenance cost;

[0041] 3. By setting the milling drum and the hammer drum, when cleaning the baking layer on the surface of the cathode carbon block, the milling drum is used as the first cleaning step. The milling drum with the characteristic of point destruction can clean 80 - 90% of the baking layer, which can improve the cleaning efficiency of the cathode carbon block at this time. After the first cleaning step, the hammer drum is used for the second cleaning step. Since the hammer knives and the hammer roller are flexibly connected, when the hammer knives strike the surface of the cathode carbon block, the hammer knives will adjust the rotation angle in real time according to the strength of the contact surface to achieve real-time position adjustment, which can avoid the problems of side bending, distortion, and base material deformation caused by the draft angle due to the deformation of the cathode carbon block, thus reducing economic losses; By setting the second support frame in a "hui" shape, since the hui-shaped structure has high overall stability, it can effectively withstand the vibration and impact force generated during the operation of the hammer drum, thereby extending the service life of the first cleaning mechanism and reducing the maintenance cost;

[0042] 4. By setting the support arm, the moving arm can move left and right along the support arm, thereby shortening the length value of the moving arm, reducing the structural difficulty and volume of the overall device, and thus reducing the cost;

[0043] 5. By setting the rollers, when the cathode carbon block is on the cathode carbon block support block on the fifth support frame, when the first push plate pushes the cathode carbon block to move, the side surface of the cathode carbon block will abut against the rollers, and at this time, it is the circumferential surface of the rollers that abuts against the cathode carbon block, which can avoid damage to the cathode carbon block, thus reducing economic losses; By setting both the third drive assembly and the fourth drive assembly on the side facing away from the cathode carbon block, when adjusting the position of the cathode carbon block through the first push plate and the second push plate, the first push plate can block part of the dust, which can reduce the impact of dust on the centering mechanism, thereby extending the service life of the centering mechanism and reducing the maintenance cost;

[0044] 6. By setting the stopper, before the sliding guide seat moves, the stopper will first move along the first guide rail, and the stopper with two chamfers is more likely to scrape off dust, thereby reducing the dust entering the sliding guide seat and extending the service life of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the following further details the present invention according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings, where:

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding mechanism in the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks;

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first cleaning mechanism in the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks;

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hammer drum in the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks;

[0050] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the serial number A in;

[0051] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding guide seat in the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks;

[0052] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centering mechanism in the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks from the first perspective;

[0053] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centering mechanism in the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks from the second perspective;

[0054] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third cleaning mechanism in the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks;

[0055] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first conveying mechanism in the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks;

[0056] Description of reference numerals: 1. First conveying mechanism; 101. First support frame; 102. First guide rail; 2. First fixing mechanism; 3. Second fixing mechanism; 4. Loading mechanism; 401. Fourth support frame; 402. First-stage conveying assembly; 403. Second-stage conveying assembly; 403-1. Support arm; 403-2. Moving arm; 403-3. Second driving assembly; 5. First cleaning mechanism; 501. Support base; 502. Second support frame; 6. Flipping mechanism; 7. Second cleaning mechanism; 8. Third cleaning mechanism; 801. Third support frame; 802. End face milling machine; 9. Unloading mechanism; 10. Centering mechanism; 1011. Fifth support frame; 1012. First push plate; 1013. Second push plate; 11. Sliding guide seat; 12. First bearing; 13. First limiting groove; 14. Reverse hook plate; 15. Second bearing; 16. Milling and planing drum; 17. Hammer throwing drum; 18. Driving motor; 19. Hammer throwing roller; 20. Fixed seat; 21. Hammer throwing knife; 22. Third guide rail; 23. Second conveying mechanism; 24. Fourth guide rail; 25. First driving assembly; 26. Screw jack; 27. Cathode carbon block support block; 28. Roller; 29. Third driving assembly; 30. Fourth driving assembly; 31. Stopper. Detailed implementation mode

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, as Figures 1 to 10 shown, the automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks includes a first conveying mechanism 1 and a first fixing mechanism 2 and a second fixing mechanism 3 respectively arranged at one end and the middle in the length direction of the first conveying mechanism 1. The first fixing mechanism 2 and the second fixing mechanism 3 are both used to fix the cathode carbon blocks and synchronously carry the cathode carbon blocks in the same direction along the length direction of the first conveying mechanism 1;

[0059] On one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism 1, a loading mechanism 4 is arranged, and the loading mechanism 4 is arranged at one end in the length direction of the first conveying mechanism 1. The loading mechanism 4 is used to convey the cathode carbon blocks onto the first fixing mechanism 2;

[0060] On both sides in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism 1 on the side of the second fixing mechanism 3 close to the first fixing mechanism 2, first cleaning mechanisms 5 are respectively arranged. The two first cleaning mechanisms 5 are respectively used to clean the opposite two side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon blocks;

[0061] On one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism 1, a flipping mechanism 6 is provided, and the flipping mechanism 6 is arranged on the side of the first cleaning mechanism 5 away from the feeding mechanism 4. The flipping mechanism 6 is used to pick up the cathode carbon block on the second fixing mechanism 3, flip the cathode carbon block by 90° and then place it on the second fixing mechanism 3.

[0062] On both sides in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism 1 on the side of the second fixing mechanism 3 away from the first cleaning mechanism 5, second cleaning mechanisms 7 are respectively provided. The two second cleaning mechanisms 7 are respectively used to clean the other two opposite side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block.

[0063] At the other end in the length direction of the first conveying mechanism 1, a third cleaning mechanism 8 is provided, and the third cleaning mechanism 8 is arranged on one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism 1. The third cleaning mechanism 8 is used to clean the two opposite side faces in the length direction of the cathode carbon block.

[0064] A blanking mechanism 9 is arranged between the first conveying mechanism 1 and the third cleaning mechanism 8. The blanking mechanism 9 is used to convey the cathode carbon block on the second fixing mechanism 3 to the third cleaning mechanism 8.

[0065] Through the setting of the first cleaning mechanism 5, the roasting layers on the two opposite side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block can be cleaned. After the cleaning is completed, the position of the cathode carbon block is adjusted by the flipping mechanism 6. After the adjustment is completed, the other two side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block are cleaned by the second cleaning mechanism 7. Finally, the roasting layers on the two side faces in the length direction are cleaned by the third cleaning mechanism 8, so that the roasting layer at each place on the cathode carbon block is cleaned off. And throughout the entire cleaning process of centering, feeding, fixing, cleaning and blanking of the cathode carbon block, there is no need for manual transmission, flipping and cleaning, thus the cleaning efficiency can be increased; the first fixing mechanism 2 and the second fixing mechanism 3 move synchronously in the same direction. When the first fixing mechanism 2 drives the carbon block to move for cleaning, the second fixing mechanism 3 will also drive another carbon block to be cleaned, thereby increasing the cleaning efficiency of the system.

[0066] The automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks further includes a centering mechanism 10. The centering mechanism 10 is arranged at one end of the feeding port of the feeding mechanism 4. The centering mechanism 10 is used to receive the cathode carbon block and adjust the position of the cathode carbon block.

[0067] The first transfer mechanism 1 includes a first support frame 101 and two first guide rails 102. The two first guide rails 102 are arranged in parallel on the top of the first support frame 101. Both of the two first guide rails 102 are arranged along the length direction of the first support frame 101, and each first guide rail 102 is a ball guide rail. The specific structure of the ball guide rail belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here. Due to the rolling friction of the ball guide rail being much lower than the sliding friction of the linear guide rail, this can significantly reduce energy loss and wear. Furthermore, in an environment with a large amount of dust, the lubrication requirement of the ball guide rail is low, and it is not prone to jamming or wear caused by dust accumulation, thus extending the service life and reducing the maintenance requirement. Also, the ball guide rail can bear greater radial and axial loads. Therefore, in long-distance movement, the ball guide rail can stably support heavy objects, reducing deformation or damage caused by uneven loads, thus extending the service life and reducing the maintenance requirement. The specific structure and connection method of the first transfer mechanism 1 both belong to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0068] Both the first fixing mechanism 2 and the second fixing mechanism 3 are slidably engaged with the first guide rail 102 through a plurality of sliding mechanisms. Each sliding mechanism includes a sliding guide seat 11 and a plurality of first bearings 12. Each sliding guide seat 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding first fixing mechanism 2 or second fixing mechanism 3. A first limiting groove 13 is provided in the middle of the lower part of each sliding guide seat 11. The width of the first limiting groove 13 is the same as that of the first guide rail 102. A plurality of first bearings 12 are respectively arranged on both sides in the width direction of the first limiting groove 13. A first connecting shaft is fixedly arranged on the inner ring of each first bearing 12. The other end of each first connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding guide seat 11. The outer curved surface of the outer ring of each first bearing 12 abuts against the side vertical surface of the first guide rail 102. Each first bearing 12 is a ball bearing.

[0069] The first support frame 101 includes a support top plate and a support bottom plate. A plurality of first mounting parts for fixing are provided on the support bottom plate. The support top plate is arranged above the support bottom plate through a plurality of support beams. The first guide rail 102 is arranged on the top of the support top plate.

[0070] A reverse hook plate 14 is provided on the side vertical surface of each sliding guide seat 11. The reverse hook plate 14 is arranged vertically, and the lower part of the reverse hook plate 14 extends below the sliding guide seat 11. A second bearing 15 is provided on the side vertical surface of each reverse hook plate 14 close to the first guide rail 102. The inner ring of each second bearing 15 is fixedly connected to the corresponding reverse hook plate 14 through a second connecting shaft. The outer curved surface of the outer ring of each second bearing 15 abuts against the bottom of the support top plate. Each second bearing 15 is a ball bearing.

[0071] Through the arrangement of the first bearing 12 and the second bearing 15, when the first fixing mechanism 2 and the second fixing mechanism 3 move along the first guide rail 102, since the bearing can effectively prevent pollutants such as dust and sand grains from entering the interior of the bearing, the service life of each structure is extended, thereby reducing the maintenance cost.

[0072] The first cleaning mechanism 5 includes a support base 501 and two second support frames 502. A plurality of second mounting members for fixing are provided on the support base 501. The width direction of the support base 501 is consistent with the length direction of the first conveying mechanism 1. The two second support frames 502 are respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the support base 501. The two second support frames 502 are both arranged in a "return" shape. Milling drums 16 and hammer drums 17 are respectively arranged on the side vertical surfaces of the two support frames close to the first conveying mechanism 1. Driving motors 18 respectively in linkage connection with the milling drums 16 and the hammer drums 17 are provided on the two support frames; a power head square box is fixedly arranged on the top of the support base 501. The two ends of the power head square box are slidably connected to the second support frames 502. The power head square box is used to drive the second support frames 502 to drive the milling drums 16 and the hammer drums 17 to move; the distance between the two relatively positioned milling drums 16 in the first cleaning mechanism 5 can be adjusted by controlling the two power head square boxes according to actual needs. The specific adjustment method belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here;

[0073] The hammer drum 17 includes a hammer roller 19 and a plurality of hammer components. The plurality of hammer components are sequentially arranged in a spiral shape along the outer curved surface of the hammer roller 19. Each hammer component includes a fixed seat 20 and a hammer blade 21. Each fixed seat 20 is fixedly installed on the hammer roller 19. One end of each hammer blade 21 is flexibly connected to the corresponding fixed seat 20, and the end of each hammer blade 21 far from the fixed seat 20 is arc-shaped.

[0074] Through the arrangement of the milling drums 16 and the hammer drums 17, when cleaning the roasting layer on the surface of the cathode carbon block, the milling drums 16 are used as the first cleaning. The milling drums 16 with the characteristics of point destruction can clean 80 - 90% of the roasting layer. At this time, the cleaning efficiency of the cathode carbon block can be improved. After the first cleaning, the hammer drums 17 are used for the second cleaning. Since the hammer blades 21 and the hammer roller 19 are flexibly connected, when the hammer blades 21 swing and hit the surface of the cathode carbon block, the hammer blades 21 will adjust the rotation angle in real time according to the strength of the contact surface to achieve real-time position adjustment. This can avoid the problems of side bending, distortion and base material deformation caused by the drawing slope due to the deformation of the cathode carbon block, thereby reducing economic losses;

[0075] By means of the arrangement of the second support frame 502 in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', since the hui-shaped structure has high overall stability, it can effectively withstand the vibration and impact force generated during the operation of the hammer drum 17, thereby prolonging the service life of the first cleaning mechanism 5 and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0076] When each hammer knife 21 rotates to the maximum angle, each hammer knife 21 abuts against the adjacent fixed seat 20.

[0077] The third cleaning mechanism 8 includes a third support frame 801 and two end face mills 802 with the same structure. The specific structure and installation method of the end face mill 802 both belong to the prior art and will not be elaborated here. The length direction of the third support frame 801 is the same as that of the first conveying mechanism 1. A third guide rail 22 is arranged at the top of the third support frame 801, and the third guide rail 22 is a ball guide rail. Both end face mills 802 are slidably connected to the third guide rail 22. A second conveying mechanism 23 is arranged on the third guide rail 22 between the two end face mills 802, and the other end of the second conveying mechanism 23 extends to one side of the first guide rail 102.

[0078] By means of the arrangement of the third cleaning mechanism 8, the roasting layers on both vertical sides in the length direction of the cathode carbon block can be cleaned simultaneously, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0079] The loading mechanism 4 and the unloading mechanism 9 have the same structure, and the conveying directions of the loading mechanism 4 and the unloading mechanism 9 are opposite. The specific structure of the loading mechanism 4 belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here. The loading mechanism 4 includes a fourth support frame 401, a primary conveying component 402, and a secondary conveying component 403. The fourth support frame 401 has the same structure as the first support frame 101. Two parallel fourth guide rails 24 are arranged along the length direction on the fourth support frame 401, and the fourth guide rails 24 are ball guide rails. The primary conveying component 402 is arranged on the fourth guide rails 24 through a plurality of sliding mechanisms. A first driving component 25 for driving the primary conveying component 402 to move along the fourth guide rails 24 is arranged on the primary conveying component 402. The secondary conveying component 403 includes a support arm 403-1, a moving arm 403-2, and a second driving component 403-3. The support arm 403-1 is installed on the top of the primary conveying component 402 through a plurality of screw jacks 26. The moving arm 403-2 is slidably arranged on the support arm 403-1. The second driving component 403-3 is used to drive the moving arm 403-2 to move along the length direction of the support arm 403-1. The length direction of the support arm 403-1 is the same as that of the fourth guide rails 24.

[0080] By means of the arrangement of the support arm 403-1, the moving arm 403-2 can move left and right along the support arm 403-1, thereby shortening the length value of the moving arm 403-2, reducing the structural difficulty and volume of the overall device, and thus reducing the cost.

[0081] The centering mechanism 10 includes a fifth support frame 1011, a first push plate 1012 and two second push plates 1013. The fifth support frame 1011 is in the same length direction as the first conveying mechanism 1. Along the top of the width direction of the fifth support frame 1011, there are two cathode carbon block support blocks 27 with the same structure. On both sides of the width direction of each cathode carbon block support block 27, there are first notches, making the cathode carbon block support block 27 wedge-shaped. At one end of each cathode carbon block support block 27 close to the feeding mechanism 4, there is a roller 28. Each roller 28 is rotatably connected to the fifth support frame 1011, and the end face of each roller 28 is located on the top of the fifth support frame 1011;

[0082] The first push plate 1012 is slidably arranged on the fifth support frame 1011, and the first push block is arranged along the length direction of the fifth support frame 1011; the two second push plates 1013 are respectively arranged at both ends of the length direction of the first push plate 1012 and are both slidably connected to the first push plate 1012;

[0083] On the side vertical surface of the first push plate 1012 away from the roller 28, there are respectively arranged a third driving component 29 and a fourth driving component 30 for driving the first push plate 1012 and the two second push plates 1013 to move.

[0084] Through the setting of the roller 28, when the cathode carbon block is on the cathode carbon block support block 27 on the fifth support frame 1011, when the first push plate 1012 pushes the cathode carbon block to move, the side vertical surface of the cathode carbon block will abut against the roller 28, and at this time, it is the circumferential surface of the roller 28 that abuts against the cathode carbon block, so as to avoid damage to the cathode carbon block and thus reduce economic losses; the third driving component 29 and the fourth driving component 30 are both arranged on the side facing away from the cathode carbon block. When adjusting the position of the cathode carbon block through the first push plate 1012 and the second push plate 1013, the first push plate 1012 can block part of the dust, so as to reduce the influence of dust on the centering mechanism 10, thereby prolonging the service life of the centering mechanism 10 and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0085] The sliding guide seat 11 is arranged along the length direction of the first conveying mechanism 1. Blocks 31 are arranged at both ends of each sliding guide seat 11 in the length direction. The blocks 31 are arranged along the length direction of the sliding guide seat 11. A second limiting groove adapted to the first guide rail 102 is arranged at the lower part of the block 31. Chamfers are arranged at the other end of each block 31 in the length direction, so that the width value of the part of the block 31 with the chamfer in each block 31 gradually decreases, and the width value of the end of the block 31 far from the sliding guide seat 11 is smaller than the width value of the end close to the sliding guide seat 11. Through the arrangement of the blocks 31, before the sliding guide seat 11 moves, the blocks 31 will move along the first guide rail 102 first, and the blocks 31 with two chamfers are more likely to scrape off dust, thereby reducing the dust entering the sliding guide seat 11 and prolonging the service life of the device.

[0086] Operation process: The uncleaned carbon block is lifted and placed on the centering mechanism. The position of the carbon block is adjusted by the first push plate and two second push plates. After the adjustment is completed, the carbon block is centered with the positions on the feeding mechanism and the first fixing mechanism for placing the carbon block. The carbon block is conveyed to the first fixing mechanism by the feeding mechanism. The first fixing mechanism first centers and fixes the carbon block in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction. After the centering is completed, the centering fixation in the horizontal direction is cancelled, and only the centering fixation in the longitudinal direction is retained. The first fixing mechanism drives the carbon block to move on the first conveying mechanism, passes between the two first cleaning mechanisms. The milling drums on the two first cleaning mechanisms respectively clean the two side surfaces of the carbon block in the width direction. After the cleaning is completed, the first fixing mechanism drives the carbon block to move in the reverse direction. At this time, the hammer drums on the two first cleaning mechanisms respectively clean the two side surfaces of the carbon block in the width direction. The carbon block that has completed the cleaning of the two opposite side surfaces is taken away by the flipping mechanism and flipped. After being flipped by 90°, it is placed on the first fixing mechanism again. At this time, the first fixing mechanism drives the carbon block to pass between the two first cleaning mechanisms to clean the other two side surfaces of the carbon block in the width direction;

[0087] While the first fixing mechanism drives the carbon block to move on the first conveying mechanism, the second fixing mechanism drives another carbon block to pass through the two second cleaning mechanisms for cleaning work. The moving direction of the second fixing mechanism each time is the same as that of the first fixing mechanism and they move synchronously. The specific cleaning steps of the second fixing mechanism driving another carbon block are the same as those of the first fixing mechanism. After the cleaning is completed, the carbon block is conveyed to the discharging mechanism. The discharging mechanism places the carbon block on the third cleaning mechanism. The two end face mills on the third cleaning mechanism respectively clean the two side surfaces of the carbon block in the length direction, completing the cleaning operation of the fully baked layer of the carbon block.

[0088] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "mounted", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it may be the internal communication of two elements. It may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0089] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here, and the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks, characterized in that, It includes a first conveying mechanism, a first fixing mechanism and a second fixing mechanism which are respectively arranged at one end and the middle of the length direction of the first conveying mechanism. The first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism are both used for fixing the cathode carbon block and synchronously and in the same direction carrying the cathode carbon block to move along the length direction of the first conveying mechanism; On one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism, there is a feeding mechanism which is used for conveying the cathode carbon block onto the first fixing mechanism; On both sides in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism on the side of the second fixing mechanism close to the first fixing mechanism, there are respectively arranged first cleaning mechanisms, and the two first cleaning mechanisms are respectively used for cleaning the opposite two side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block; On one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism, there is a turning mechanism, and the turning mechanism is arranged on the side of the first cleaning mechanism far from the feeding mechanism. The turning mechanism is used for taking away the cathode carbon block on the second fixing mechanism, turning the cathode carbon block by 90° and then placing it on the second fixing mechanism; On both sides in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism on the side of the second fixing mechanism far from the first cleaning mechanism, there are respectively arranged second cleaning mechanisms, and the two second cleaning mechanisms are respectively used for cleaning the other two opposite side faces in the width direction of the cathode carbon block; At the other end of the length direction of the first conveying mechanism, there is a third cleaning mechanism, and the third cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side in the width direction of the first conveying mechanism. The third cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning the opposite two side faces in the length direction of the cathode carbon block; Between the first conveying mechanism and the third cleaning mechanism, there is a blanking mechanism which is used for conveying the cathode carbon block on the second fixing mechanism onto the third cleaning mechanism.

2. The automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a centering mechanism which is arranged at one end of the feeding port in the feeding mechanism. The centering mechanism is used for receiving the cathode carbon block and adjusting the position of the cathode carbon block.

3. The automatic cathode carbon block cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein The first conveying mechanism includes a first support frame and two first guide rails. The two first guide rails are arranged in parallel on the top of the first support frame. Both of the two first guide rails are arranged along the length direction of the first support frame, and each first guide rail is a ball guide rail; The first fixing mechanism and the second fixing mechanism are both in sliding fit with the first guide rails through a plurality of sliding mechanisms; each sliding mechanism includes a sliding guide seat and a plurality of first bearings. Each sliding guide seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the corresponding first fixing mechanism or second fixing mechanism. In the middle of the lower part of each sliding guide seat, there is a first limiting groove, and the width of the first limiting groove is the same as that of the first guide rail. The plurality of first bearings are respectively arranged on both sides in the width direction of the first limiting groove. The inner ring of each first bearing is fixedly provided with a first connecting shaft, and the other end of each first connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the corresponding sliding guide seat. The outer curved surface of the outer ring of each first bearing abuts against the side vertical surface of the first guide rail.

4. The automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks according to claim 3, wherein, The first support frame includes a support top plate and a support bottom plate. A plurality of first mounting members for fixation are provided on the support bottom plate. The support top plate is arranged above the support bottom plate through a plurality of support beams. The first guide rail is arranged on the top of the support top plate; On the side vertical surface of each sliding guide seat, an anti-hook plate is provided. The anti-hook plate is arranged vertically, and the lower part of the anti-hook plate extends below the sliding guide seat. On the side vertical surface of each anti-hook plate close to the first guide rail, a second bearing is provided. The inner ring of each second bearing is fixedly connected to the corresponding anti-hook plate through a second connecting shaft. The outer curved surface of the outer ring of each second bearing abuts against the bottom of the support top plate.

5. The automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks according to claim 1, wherein, The first cleaning mechanism includes a support base and two second support frames. A plurality of second mounting members for fixation are provided on the support base. The width direction of the support base is consistent with the length direction of the first conveying mechanism. The two second support frames are respectively arranged on both sides in the width direction of the support base. The two second support frames are both arranged in a "return" shape. On the side vertical surfaces of the two support frames close to the first conveying mechanism, a milling drum and a hammer drum are respectively provided. On the two support frames, there are drive motors respectively and linkedly connected to the milling drum and the hammer drum; The hammer drum includes a hammer roller and a plurality of hammer components. The plurality of hammer components are sequentially arranged in a spiral shape along the outer curved surface of the hammer roller. Each hammer component includes a fixed seat and a hammer knife. Each fixed seat is fixedly installed on the hammer roller. One end of each hammer knife is flexibly connected to the corresponding fixed seat, and the end of each hammer knife far from the fixed seat is arranged in an arc shape.

6. The automatic cathode carbon block cleaning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, When each hammer knife rotates to the maximum angle, each hammer knife abuts against the adjacent fixed seat.

7. The automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third cleaning mechanism includes a third support frame and two end mills with the same structure. The length direction of the third support frame is consistent with the length direction of the first conveying mechanism. A third guide rail is arranged on the top of the third support frame, and the third guide rail is a ball guide rail. The two end mills are both slidably connected to the third guide rail. A second conveying mechanism is arranged on the third guide rail between the two end mills, and the other end of the second conveying mechanism extends to one side of the first guide rail.

8. The automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks according to claim 3, wherein, The loading mechanism and the unloading mechanism have the same structure, and the conveying directions of the loading mechanism and the unloading mechanism are opposite; The feeding mechanism includes a fourth support frame, a first-level conveying component, and a second-level conveying component. The structure of the fourth support frame is the same as that of the first support frame. Two parallel fourth guide rails are arranged along the length direction on the fourth support frame, and the fourth guide rails are ball guide rails. The first-level conveying component is arranged on the fourth guide rails through a plurality of the sliding mechanisms, and a first driving component for driving the first-level conveying component to move along the fourth guide rails is arranged on the first-level conveying component; the second-level conveying component includes a support arm, a moving arm, and a second driving component. The support arm is installed on the top of the first-level conveying component through a plurality of screw jacks. The moving arm is slidably arranged on the support arm. The second driving component is used to drive the moving arm to move along the length direction of the support arm, and the length direction of the support arm is the same as the length direction of the fourth guide rails.

9. The automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks according to claim 2, wherein The centering mechanism includes a fifth support frame, a first push plate, and two second push plates. The length direction of the fifth support frame is the same as that of the first conveying mechanism. Two cathode carbon block support blocks with the same structure are arranged at the top along the width direction of the fifth support frame. First notches are arranged on both sides in the width direction of each cathode carbon block support block, so that the cathode carbon block support blocks are wedge-shaped. A roller is arranged at one end of each cathode carbon block support block close to the feeding mechanism, and each roller is rotatably connected to the fifth support frame. The end face of each roller is located at the top of the fifth support frame; The first push plate is slidably arranged on the fifth support frame, and the first push block is arranged along the length direction of the fifth support frame; the two second push plates are respectively arranged at both ends in the length direction of the first push plate and are both slidably connected to the first push plate; Third driving components and fourth driving components for driving the first push plate and the two second push plates to move are respectively arranged on the side vertical surface of the first push plate far from the roller.

10. The automatic cleaning system for cathode carbon blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding guide seats are arranged along the length direction of the first conveying mechanism. Blocks are arranged at both ends in the length direction of each sliding guide seat. The blocks are arranged along the length direction of the sliding guide seats. Second limiting grooves adapted to the first guide rails are arranged at the lower parts of the blocks. Chamfers are arranged at the other ends in the length direction of each block, so that the width value of the part of each block with a chamfer gradually decreases, and the width value of the end of the block far from the sliding guide seat is smaller than the width value of the end close to the sliding guide seat.

Images