A high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and discloses a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing, which comprises a workbench, a feeding conveyor belt arranged on the top of the workbench, a discharging conveyor belt arranged on the top of the workbench, a plurality of mechanical arms arranged on the top of the workbench, a multi-station rotating platform arranged on the top of the workbench, and a pouring casting machine arranged on the top of the workbench. The pouring casting machine comprises a fixing table, a motor fixedly connected to the inner top of the fixing table, a transmission disc fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a pouring cavity fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission disc, a centrifugal regulating valve fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring cavity, a counterweight assembly arranged outside the centrifugal regulating valve, a cylinder fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the fixing table, and a positioning table fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder. In the application, reliable and accurate flow control is realized, and the strict requirements of precise casting on flow stability and accuracy under a high-temperature environment are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and particularly relates to a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of precision casting production of aerospace, high-end equipment and medical devices, integrated casting forming technology based on 3D printing is widely used because it can realize high-precision manufacturing of complex structural parts. This kind of technology needs to prepare a mold shell through a 3D printed model, and accurately control the flow of metal liquid during pouring to ensure the dimensional accuracy and internal quality of the casting, so it puts forward very high requirements for the reliability of the forming device in high temperature environment and the precision of flow control.

[0003] When the existing casting forming device pours metal liquid, it usually uses traditional valve structure or simple centrifugal mechanism to control the flow. However, when linear adjustment of filling speed or constant flow pouring is required, the traditional device often has problems such as insensitive response to centrifugal force, failure of sealing structure, etc., resulting in large flow fluctuation, metal liquid droplet leakage, etc., which is difficult to meet the strict requirements of precision casting for flow stability and accuracy in high temperature environment, and further affects the quality consistency of the casting.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is proposed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the present application provides a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing, which aims to improve the problem that some devices in the prior art cannot meet the strict requirements of precision casting for flow stability and accuracy in high temperature environment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing, comprising a workbench, an upper feeding conveyor belt is arranged on the top of the workbench, a lower feeding conveyor belt is arranged on the top of the workbench, a plurality of mechanical arms are arranged on the top of the workbench, a multi-station rotary platform is arranged on the top of the workbench, and a pouring casting machine is arranged on the top of the workbench;

[0008] The pouring casting machine comprises a fixed table, a motor is fixedly connected to the inner top of the fixed table, a transmission disc is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a pouring cavity is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission disc, a centrifugal regulating valve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring cavity, a counterweight assembly is arranged outside the centrifugal regulating valve, a gas cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the fixed table, a positioning table is fixedly connected to the output end of the gas cylinder, and a forming box is detachably connected to the top of the positioning table;

[0009] The centrifugal regulating valve comprises a valve pipe, a top of the valve pipe is fixedly connected to a bottom of the pouring cavity, and an inner wall of the valve pipe is slidably connected with a valve core;

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The inner wall of the pouring cavity is provided with a spiral flow guide groove, and the spiral angle of the spiral flow guide groove is 30°;

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The centrifugal regulating valve further comprises extension piles, a plurality of extension piles are fixedly connected to the outer side of the valve core, the upper and lower sides of the extension pile are fixedly connected with sealing plates, a plurality of sliding rods are fixedly connected in the valve pipe, the extension pile and the inner wall of the sealing plate are slidably connected on the outer side of the sliding rod, a return spring is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod, and the return spring is arranged between the bottom end of the sliding rod and the bottom end of the sealing plate;

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The inner wall of the connection between the valve pipe and the pouring cavity is provided with a sealing ring, a plurality of plugging blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing ring, a plurality of rectangular adjusting windows are arranged on the outer side of the valve core, and the shape of the rectangular adjusting window is matched with the shape of the plugging block, and a flow guide block is arranged on the bottom of the valve core;

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The counterweight assembly comprises a fixed ring, the inner side of the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the valve pipe, a plurality of sliding rails are fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed ring, the other end of the extension pile is rotatably connected with two connecting rods, the inner side of the connecting rod is threadedly connected with a jackscrew, the proximal end of the two jackscrews is rotatably connected with a clamping block, and the proximal end of the two clamping blocks is detachably connected with a counterweight block;

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] A plurality of clamping grooves are arranged on the two sides of the counterweight block, and the shape of the clamping groove is matched with the shape of the clamping block, and a plurality of rolling balls are rotatably connected to the bottom of the counterweight block;

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] A plurality of semicircular sliding grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the sliding rail, and the outer side of the rolling ball is rotatably connected to the top of the semicircular sliding groove;

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] The top of the workbench is provided with a 3D printer, the top of the workbench is provided with an automatic dip coater, the top of the workbench is provided with a shell roasting furnace, and the top of the workbench is provided with a cooling device.

[0024] The present application has the following advantages:

[0025] 1、In the present application, the spiral flow guide groove on the inner wall of the pouring cavity ensures uniform flow of the metal liquid, the motor drives the transmission disc to rotate the pouring cavity, the centrifugal force makes the bottom ball of the counterweight block roll in the sliding rail groove, the counterweight block moves radially to drive the valve core to slide along the sliding rod through the connecting rod, and the valve core cooperates with the plugging block to regulate the flow. The sealing plate, return spring and other structures stably maintain the movement accuracy of the valve core at high temperature, realize reliable and accurate flow control, and meet the strict requirements of precise casting on flow stability and accuracy in high temperature environment;

[0026] 2、In the present application, the counterweight block is quickly disassembled and assembled with the top screw quick disassembly disc, which facilitates replacement of the counterweight as needed. The bottom ball cooperates with the semicircular sliding groove of the sliding rail to greatly reduce the friction. When the centrifugal force acts, the smooth rolling of the ball makes the counterweight block respond sensitively and slide accurately in the radial direction, and the accurate transmission to the valve core through the connecting rod reduces energy loss and error, makes the flow control more accurate, and ensures that the metal liquid flow in the casting process efficiently matches the process requirements with the change of centrifugal force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic view of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is provided for the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 A structure schematic view of a pouring casting machine of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is provided for the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 A structure schematic view of a centrifugal regulating valve of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is provided for the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 A structure schematic view of a pouring cavity of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is provided for the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 A structure schematic view of a valve core of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is provided for the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 A structure schematic view of a counterweight assembly of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is provided for the present application;

[0033] Figure 7A structure diagram of a top pin of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is provided in the present application.

[0034] Figure 8 A structure diagram of a counterweight block of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing is provided in the present application.

[0035] Legend:

[0036] 1, workbench; 2, feeding conveyor belt; 3, discharging conveyor belt; 4, mechanical arm; 5, 3D printer; 6, automatic dip coater; 7, shell roaster; 8, pouring casting machine; 81, fixed table; 82, motor; 83, transmission disc; 84, pouring cavity; 85, centrifugal regulating valve; 851, valve core; 852, extension pile; 853, sealing plate; 854, sliding rod; 855, return spring; 856, flow guide block; 857, sealing ring; 858, plugging block; 859, valve pipe; 86, counterweight assembly; 861, fixed ring; 862, sliding rail; 863, connecting rod; 864, top pin; 865, clamping block; 866, counterweight block; 867, clamping groove; 868, ball; 869, semicircular sliding groove; 87, air cylinder; 88, positioning table; 89, forming box; 9, cooling device; 10, multi-station rotary platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 8The application provides a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing, which comprises a workbench 1 serving as a basic bearing platform of the whole device, and a plurality of functional components are integrated on the top of the workbench 1. An upper feeding conveyor 2 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1 and used for continuously conveying raw materials required for casting, so that the continuity of the production process is ensured; a lower feeding conveyor 3 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1 and used for receiving the formed parts after cooling and conveying the formed parts away from the workbench 1, so that the output of finished products is completed; a plurality of mechanical arms 4 are arranged on the top of the workbench 1 and used for accurately grabbing and conveying materials such as models and shells, so that the automatic connection between 3D printing, dip coating, baking, pouring and cooling processes is realized; a multi-station rotary platform 10 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, a plurality of stations are provided through rotation, the positioning and conversion of materials between different devices are assisted, and the collaborative efficiency of each link is improved; a pouring casting machine 8 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1 and used as a core component to realize the accurate pouring and forming of metal liquid. In addition, a 3D printer 5 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, a digital model is converted into a physical model through layer-by-layer printing technology, and an initial prototype is provided for the subsequent casting process; an automatic dip coating machine 6 is used for dip coating the printed model and forming a uniform shell material coating on the surface of the model, so that the shell baking is prepared; a shell baking furnace 7 is used for high-temperature treatment of the shell after dip coating, so that the impurities and moisture in the shell are removed, the strength of the shell is enhanced to withstand the high temperature of casting, and the formed part after casting is cooled in a cooling device 9, so that the stability of the organizational structure of the formed part is ensured and defects such as cracks are avoided.

[0039] The pouring casting machine 8 comprises a fixed table 81 serving as a main support structure, and power, pouring and positioning components are integrated in the fixed table 81. A motor 82 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the fixed table 81 and drives a transmission disc 83 to rotate through an output end, so that the power source of the whole pouring system is provided; the bottom of the transmission disc 83 is fixedly connected with a pouring cavity 84, so that the rotating power of the motor 82 is transmitted to the pouring cavity 84 and the pouring cavity 84 rotates synchronously; a spiral flow guide groove with a spiral angle of 30° is formed in the inner wall of the pouring cavity 84, so that the metal liquid is guided to flow uniformly and vortex and segregation are avoided; a centrifugal adjusting valve 85 fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring cavity 84 is a core component for flow control, and the valve core 851 is matched with a sliding sealing structure in the valve pipe 859, so that the accurate regulation and control of the metal liquid flow are realized; the counterweight assembly 86 outside the centrifugal adjusting valve 85 drives the valve core 851 to automatically adjust the valve opening degree through the radial movement of the counterweight block 866 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the flow demand of different casting processes is adapted. A pneumatic cylinder 87 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the fixed table 81, the output end of the pneumatic cylinder 87 is connected with a positioning table 88, the positioning table 88 is driven to move up and down through the telescopic movement of the pneumatic cylinder 87, and the position adjustment of a forming box 89 is realized; the top of the positioning table 88 is detachably connected with the forming box 89, the forming box 89 is used for placing the baked shell and receiving the poured metal liquid, and a stable space carrier is provided for the forming of the casting.

[0040] The centrifugal regulating valve 85 includes a valve pipe 859, the top of which is fixedly connected with the bottom of the pouring cavity 84, and the inner wall provides a vertical sliding track for the valve core 851, and simultaneously acts as a passage for the metal liquid flowing from the pouring cavity 84 to the forming box 89. The inner wall of the valve pipe 859 is slidingly connected with the valve core 851, the outer side of which is provided with a plurality of rectangular regulating windows, which are matched with the shape of the bottom blocking blocks 858 of the sealing ring 857 of the inner wall of the connecting part of the valve pipe 859 and the pouring cavity 84, and the opening and closing degree of the windows and the blocking blocks 858 controls the flow rate; the flow guide block 856 arranged at the bottom of the valve core 851 guides the metal liquid to flow out stably, avoiding splashing and turbulent flow. The centrifugal regulating valve 85 further includes an extension pile 852, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the valve core 851, and the sealing plates 853 on the upper and lower sides thereof cooperate with the sliding rods 854 inside the valve pipe 859 to limit the movement direction of the valve core 851, ensuring that it slides linearly along the sliding rods 854, and enhancing the movement stability; the reset spring 855 sleeved outside the sliding rods 854 pushes the sealing plates 853 and the extension pile 852 to reset when the centrifugal force disappears (such as when the motor 82 is decelerated or stopped), driving the valve core 851 to move upward to close the valve, and avoiding metal liquid dripping.

[0041] The sealing ring 857 arranged at the inner wall of the connecting part of the valve pipe 859 and the pouring cavity 84 is provided with a plurality of blocking blocks 858 fixedly connected at the bottom, which are precisely matched with the rectangular regulating windows on the outer side of the valve core 851, realizing the sealing and opening of the flow passage, and improving the sealing performance and flow control precision; the flow guide block 856 at the bottom of the valve core 851 plays a flow guiding role on the outflowing metal liquid, ensuring that it is injected into the forming box 89 stably.

[0042] The counterweight assembly 86 includes a fixed ring 861, the inner side of which is fixedly connected with the outer side of the valve pipe 859, and the outer side extends a plurality of sliding rails 862, which provide a support frame for the radial movement of the counterweight block 866. The sliding rails 862 fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed ring 861 are provided with semicircular sliding grooves 869 at the bottom inner wall, which provide rolling tracks for the rolling balls 868 rotatably connected at the bottom of the counterweight block 866, reducing the frictional resistance, so that the counterweight block 866 can more sensitively respond to changes in centrifugal force; the other end of the extension pile 852 is rotatably connected with two connecting rods 863, which are detachably connected with the counterweight block 866 through the top screw 864 and the clamping block 865 at the top, facilitating replacement of the counterweight block 866 according to different casting requirements; the top screw 864 is threadedly connected inside the connecting rod 863, which can adjust the position of the clamping block 865, ensuring stable connection of the counterweight block 866; the clamping block 865 is matched with the clamping grooves 867 on the two sides of the counterweight block 866, the centrifugal force of the counterweight block 866 is transmitted to the valve core 851 through the connecting rod 863, and is converted into vertical displacement, realizing linear regulation of the valve opening; the rolling balls 868 at the bottom of the counterweight block 866 roll in the sliding grooves of the sliding rails 862, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, greatly reducing the resistance, so that it can move in time and accurately under the action of centrifugal force, improving the dynamic response precision of flow control.

[0043] Working principle: When the whole 3D printing-based high-precision integrated casting forming device starts to work, the 3D printer 5 starts to print the required model. After the model is printed, the mechanical arm 4 starts to work, which accurately grabs the model and moves it from the 3D printer 5 to the automatic dip coater 6. In the automatic dip coater 6, the model is subjected to dip coating operation to form a mold shell for casting.

[0044] After the dip coating is completed, the mechanical arm 4 again plays a role to grab and move the model with the mold shell to the mold shell baking furnace 7. The mold shell baking furnace 7 is opened to perform baking treatment on the mold shell to remove impurities and moisture in the mold shell and to enhance the strength of the mold shell.

[0045] At the same time, the pouring casting machine 8 also operates synchronously. The motor 82 at the top of the fixed table 81 starts to work, and the output end of the motor 82 drives the transmission disc 83 to start rotating. With the rotation of the transmission disc 83, the pouring cavity 84 connected thereto also starts to rotate synchronously. Since the inner wall of the pouring cavity 84 is provided with a spiral guide groove with a spiral angle of 30°, the spiral guide groove can make the metal liquid in the pouring cavity 84 flow uniformly during the rotation of the pouring cavity 84.

[0046] Under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the pouring cavity 84, the centrifugal adjusting valve 85 and the counterweight assembly 86 start to work cooperatively. Under the influence of the centrifugal force, the bottom rotating connection ball 868 of the counterweight block 866 will roll in the semicircular sliding groove 869 at the bottom inner wall of the sliding rail 862, which enables the counterweight block 866 to move outward according to the size of the centrifugal force (controlled by the rotating speed of the motor 82), thereby driving the valve core 851 to move in the vertical direction through the connecting rod 863.

[0047] When the transmission disc 83 starts at a low speed, the counterweight block 866 is in the initial position due to insufficient centrifugal force (i.e., the vertical downward force of the centrifugal force of the counterweight block 866 on the valve core 851 cannot overcome the resistance of the return spring 855), so that the valve core 851 is in a closed state. As the rotating speed increases, the centrifugal force increases, the counterweight block 866 is thrown out along the radial sliding rail 862, and the valve core 851 is pulled to move vertically downward through the connecting rod 863, so that the flow adjusting window gradually increases through the separation between the valve core 851 and the sealing block 858, the metal liquid flow linearly rises, and the dynamic control of the filling speed is realized. When the rotating speed of the motor 82 reaches the set value, the centrifugal force and the inertia force of the counterweight block 866 are balanced, the position of the valve core 851 is stable, the flow adjusting window maintains a fixed opening, constant flow pouring is realized, and the quantitative requirement of precision casting is met. The transmission disc 83 slows down to stop, the centrifugal force disappears, the return spring 855 pushes the sealing plate 853 to reset, thereby driving the valve core 851 to reset, the valve is closed, and metal liquid dripping is avoided.

[0048] When the valve core 851 moves, the extension pile 852 fixedly connected to the outer side of the valve core 851 and the sealing plates 853 on the upper and lower sides of the extension pile 852 will move along the sliding rod 854 fixedly connected inside the valve pipe 859, and at the same time, the reset spring 855 sleeved outside the sliding rod 854 will be deformed according to the movement of the valve core 851. The sliding of the valve core 851 changes the cooperation between the rectangular adjusting window and the blocking block 858, thereby accurately controlling the flow rate of the molten metal flowing out of the pouring cavity 84.

[0049] Before the metal liquid is accurately poured, the cylinder 87 at the bottom of the fixed table 81 starts to act, the output end of the cylinder 87 pushes the positioning table 88 to rise, and the forming box 89 at the top of the positioning table 88 rises to the appropriate position. At this time, the mechanical arm 4 grabs the shell after the roasting treatment and places it into the forming box 89.

[0050] After everything is ready, the metal liquid in the pouring cavity 84 is guided by the flow guide block 856 arranged at the bottom of the centrifugal regulating valve 85, accurately poured into the shell in the forming box 89, and the casting operation is completed.

[0051] After the casting is completed, the cylinder 87 drives the positioning table 88 to descend, the mechanical arm 4 grabs the forming box 89 again and moves it to the cooling device 9 for cooling treatment. When the cooling is completed, the mechanical arm 4 takes the formed piece out of the forming box 89, and then places the formed piece on the discharging conveying belt 3, which carries the formed piece away from the workbench 1. The feeding conveying belt 2 on the top of the workbench 1 continuously conveys the new material required for casting, and the multi-station rotary platform 10 assists the material conversion between the processes to ensure that the entire casting process is efficient and orderly.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features, as long as they are within the spirit and principles of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the scope of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-precision integrated casting molding device based on 3D printing, comprising a worktable (1), characterized in that: The top of the workbench (1) is provided with a feeding conveyor belt (2), the top of the workbench (1) is provided with a discharging conveyor belt (3), the top of the workbench (1) is provided with multiple robotic arms (4), the top of the workbench (1) is provided with a multi-station rotating platform (10), and the top of the workbench (1) is provided with a casting machine (8). The casting machine (8) includes a fixed platform (81), a motor (82) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed platform (81), a transmission disc (83) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (82), a pouring chamber (84) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission disc (83), a centrifugal regulating valve (85) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring chamber (84), a counterweight assembly (86) is provided on the outside of the centrifugal regulating valve (85), a cylinder (87) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed platform (81), a positioning platform (88) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (87), and a molding box (89) is detachably connected to the top of the positioning platform (88). The centrifugal regulating valve (85) includes a valve tube (859), the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the casting cavity (84), and a valve core (851) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the valve tube (859). The centrifugal regulating valve (85) also includes an extension post (852), multiple extension posts (852) are fixedly connected to the outside of the valve core (851), and sealing plates (853) are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the extension post (852). Multiple sliding rods (854) are fixedly connected inside the valve tube (859). The extension post (852) and the inner wall of the sealing plate (853) are slidably connected to the outside of the sliding rod (854). A return spring (855) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod (854), and the return spring (855) is located between the bottom end of the sliding rod (854) and the bottom end of the sealing plate (853). A sealing ring (857) is provided on the inner wall of the connection between the valve tube (859) and the casting cavity (84). Multiple sealing blocks (858) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing ring (857). Multiple rectangular adjustment windows are opened on the outer side of the valve core (851), and their shapes are adapted to the sealing blocks (858). A guide block (856) is provided at the bottom of the valve core (851). The counterweight assembly (86) includes a retaining ring (861), the inner side of which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the valve pipe (859). Multiple slide rails (862) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the retaining ring (861). Two connecting rods (863) are rotatably connected to the other end of the extension pile (852). The connecting rods (863) are internally threaded with set screws (864). A locking block (865) is rotatably connected to one end of the two set screws (864). A counterweight block (866) is detachably connected to one end of the two locking blocks (865).

2. The high-precision integrated casting and molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the casting cavity (84) is provided with a spiral guide groove, and the spiral angle of the spiral guide groove is 30°.

3. The high-precision integrated casting and molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight (866) has multiple snap-fit ​​grooves (867) on both sides, which are adapted to the shape of the snap-fit ​​block (865). Multiple balls (868) are rotatably connected to the bottom of the counterweight (866).

4. The high-precision integrated casting and molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom inner wall of the slide rail (862) is provided with a plurality of semi-circular grooves (869), and the outer side of the ball (868) is rolled and connected to the top of the semi-circular groove (869).

5. The high-precision integrated casting molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the workbench (1) is equipped with a 3D printer (5), an automatic dip coating machine (6), a shell baking furnace (7), and a cooling device (9).

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