Turbine-assisted propulsion electrolytic jet flow inner hole polishing device and polishing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a turbine-assisted propulsion electrolytic jet inner hole polishing device and a polishing method. The turbine-assisted propulsion electrolytic jet inner hole polishing device comprises an electrolytic jet liquid supply device and a turbine disturbance propulsion device, the electrolytic jet liquid supply device comprises a liquid storage tank, a motor, a centrifugal pump used for sucking electrolyte in the liquid storage tank, a pulse damper used for reducing pressure fluctuation and a pressure sensor used for detecting hydraulic pressure in real time and feeding back the hydraulic pressure to a control system, the nozzle is used for forming a directional jet flow from the constant-pressure electrolyte and spraying the directional jet flow into the inner hole cavity along the X-axis direction; and an attached semiconductor refrigerator for constantly controlling the temperature of the electrolyte is arranged on the outer wall of the front end of the nozzle. The device has the advantages of being controllable in propelling, high in polishing uniformity, suitable for long and thin cavity type workpieces and the like, and anode electrolytic mirror polishing treatment of the tubular inner wall of the metal can be efficiently and stably achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device and a polishing method assisted by a turbine, and particularly to an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device assisted by a turbine suitable for internal surface treatment of slender cavity parts and tubular parts, including an electrolyte supply device, a turbine disturbance propulsion device, a temperature-controlled jet system, etc., belonging to the field of ultra-precision surface treatment technology for internal hole electrolytic machining of metal materials. Background Art

[0002] Internal hole parts are widely used in aerospace, medical devices, electronic structural parts and high-end manufacturing equipment, and their internal surface quality directly affects the overall machine performance, fluid smoothness and long-term reliability. For the polishing treatment of such workpieces, especially for the inner cavity channels with a high length-to-diameter ratio and a closed structure, extremely high technical requirements are put forward for their surface roughness, deburring ability and morphology consistency.

[0003] Currently, the common surface treatment methods for internal hole structures include: mechanical polishing, abrasive flow machining, and brush grinding. Among them, mechanical methods have the advantages of high efficiency and strong adaptability when processing open short tubes, but there are problems such as difficulty in entering the contact tool, uneven polishing and low efficiency for slender channels and micro internal holes; brush grinding is difficult to operate in complex and irregular holes and is prone to scratching; although abrasive flow has fluidity, its directivity and local controllability are poor. As a non-contact material removal process, electrochemical polishing makes the workpiece act as an anode and realizes atomic-level anodic dissolution on its surface by applying voltage in an electrolyte environment, with the following significant advantages: no mechanical contact, no stress introduction; high surface quality and good morphology retention; can adapt to complex structures. However, in traditional electrochemical polishing methods, problems such as fixed electrodes, unstable fluid, and uneven electric field distribution limit its popularization and effect stability in slender internal holes and micro-pipe structures.

[0004] In recent years, the developed electrolytic jet polishing technology couples the high-speed jet of electrolyte with the electric field reaction, injects the electrolyte into the hole in the form of a jet, and improves the liquid renewal ability and polishing uniformity, but there are still problems such as uneven electric field concentration, inability of the cathode to follow and advance, poor polishing consistency, and unstable temperature control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the existing electrolytic polishing equipment during the internal hole polishing process, such as the inability of the electrode to advance, uneven electric field distribution, poor polishing consistency and insufficient temperature control ability, the present invention provides an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device and a polishing method assisted by a turbine, which have the characteristics of controllable propulsion, high polishing uniformity, being suitable for slender cavity workpieces, etc., and can efficiently and stably realize the anodic electrolytic mirror polishing treatment of the inner wall of metal tubes.

[0006] A turbine-assisted electrolytic jet inner hole polishing device utilizes a continuous jet to drive a rotating cathode to disturb the flow field, and realizes synchronous electrolytic removal and axial propulsion, so as to perform efficient and stable anodic electrolytic polishing operations on the inner walls of metals such as stainless steel, and includes an electrolytic jet liquid supply device and a turbine disturbance propulsion device.

[0007] The electrolytic jet liquid supply device includes a liquid storage tank, an electric motor, a centrifugal pump for sucking electrolyte in the liquid storage tank, a pulse damper for reducing pressure fluctuations and improving the flow stability of the electrolyte, a pressure sensor for real-time detection of hydraulic pressure and feedback control system, and a nozzle for forming a directional jet of constant pressure electrolyte into the inner hole cavity along the X-axis direction. The outer wall of the front end of the nozzle is provided with an attached semiconductor refrigerator for constantly controlling the electrolyte temperature.

[0008] The turbine disturbance propulsion device includes a hollow cathode electrode shaft arranged inside the conductive anode pipe of the polished workpiece, a flexible conductive cable for connecting the negative electrode of a DC power supply is inserted inside the hollow cathode electrode shaft, the flexible conductive cable is inserted from the wire entry hole at the tail of the hollow cathode electrode shaft, passes through the hollow channel inside the shaft to the front end of the electrode, and is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply at the tail end of the shaft by welding, crimping or plug-in terminals; two groups of turbine blades are mounted on the outside of the hollow cathode electrode shaft, the turbine blades are supported on the outer surface of the hollow cathode electrode shaft by deep groove ball bearings, so that the turbine blades rotate around the hollow cathode electrode shaft under the impetus of the electrolyte jet, generating a disturbance flow field and axial propulsion force, and a shaft shoulder and a slot structure are provided on the hollow cathode electrode shaft, a retaining ring is installed in the slot, and is used together with the shaft shoulder to perform bidirectional axial limiting on the bearing.

[0009] A sealing rubber ring is provided on the outside of the bearing to prevent electrolyte from invading the inside of the bearing and causing corrosion failure. A guide sleeve is also provided on the outside of the turbine blade to maintain the stability of the flow channel and play a centering and guiding role. The guide sleeve is used to center the movement path of the turbine blade and stabilize the flow field structure to prevent contact and interference between the turbine and the inner wall of the anode.

[0010] The electrolyte sprayed from the nozzle flows along the X-axis direction to form a directional jet; the electrolyte jet drives the turbine blades to rotate around the hollow cathode electrode axis, and at the same time drives the hollow cathode electrode axis forward along the X-axis direction, realizing synchronous disturbance, rotation and propulsion.

[0011] The semiconductor refrigerator is thermally connected to the outer wall via a heat-conducting structure, and is used to indirectly exchange heat with the electrolyte flowing through the inside of the nozzle, thereby achieving constant control of the electrolyte temperature.

[0012] A through - type wire channel is provided inside the hollow cathode electrode shaft. The flexible wire cable passes through the inlet hole at the tail of the shaft and is connected to the negative pole of the power supply by welding, crimping or plugging terminals at the tail of the shaft. An insulating and sealing structure is provided outside the connection end. The insulating and sealing structure includes a sealing plug, an O - ring, a heat - shrinkable insulating tube and potting glue, which are used to isolate the electrolyte from the external environment and prevent electric leakage, corrosion and connection failure.

[0013] A sealing rubber ring is coated outside the bearing, which is used to isolate the electrolyte from entering the inside of the bearing and prevent the bearing from corrosion and the rolling elements from failing.

[0014] A bearing mounting hole is provided on the inner wall of the hub of the turbine blade. The outer ring of the bearing is fixedly installed in the hub hole by interference fit or gluing and rotates integrally with the turbine blade. The inner ring of the bearing is in interference connection with the hollow cathode electrode shaft, realizing a support structure where the outer ring rotates with the turbine and the inner ring is relatively stationary.

[0015] The conductive anode pipe is made of stainless steel or other conductive and corrosion - resistant metal materials, which is used to provide an anode working surface and define the polished area of the inner hole, ensuring that the electrolytic reaction continues under effective working conditions.

[0016] A polishing method for an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device assisted by a turbine includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Open the station or end - cover where the conductive anode pipe is located, fix the conductive anode pipe on the anode connection structure, ensure that the inner - hole direction of the conductive anode pipe is consistent with the electrolyte jet direction, that is, extends along the X - axis direction, install the cathode assembly including the hollow cathode electrode shaft, turbine blade, bearing and guide sleeve structure, and complete the connection of the flexible wire cable to the negative pole of the power supply.

[0018] Step 2: Add the electrolyte with a preset ratio to the liquid storage tank, start the centrifugal pump, so that the electrolyte forms a high - speed directional jet through the pulse damper and the nozzle, and the jet liquid flows into the inner - hole channel along the X - axis direction. At the same time, start the semiconductor cooler to control the electrolyte temperature stably.

[0019] Step 3: The high - speed flowing electrolyte flows into the inner hole of the workpiece along the X - axis direction, contacts the turbine blade installed outside the hollow cathode electrode shaft and applies a tangential driving force, so that the turbine blade rotates around the hollow cathode electrode shaft, forming a local disturbance flow field. While the turbine spins, it drives the hollow cathode electrode shaft to move slowly along the X - axis direction, realizing synchronous propulsion.

[0020] Step 4: Under the excitation of the DC power supply, a closed circuit is formed between the hollow cathode electrode shaft and the inner hole of the workpiece, and the inner wall of the conductive anode pipe acts as the anode surface to undergo anodic dissolution. Cooperating with the jet disturbance flow field, the dissolution rate and uniformity of the anode material are improved, realizing the process of mirror electrolytic polishing.

[0021] Step Five: After the polishing is completed, turn off the DC power supply and the centrifugal pump in sequence to stop the electrolysis reaction and the electrolyte jet; at this time, the electrolyte no longer jets along the X-axis direction. Withdraw the cathode assembly from the inner hole of the workpiece in the reverse direction of the X-axis to complete the electrode disassembly and workpiece removal, and then perform subsequent cleaning and drying processes.

[0022] The electrolyte is sprayed into the inner hole channel of the anode at a high speed along the X-axis direction through the nozzle under a constant pressure state, which drives the turbine blades arranged outside the hollow cathode electrode shaft to spin. At the same time, under the action of the flow field disturbance, the hollow cathode electrode shaft is driven to achieve axial propulsion along the X-axis direction; under the excitation of the power supply, a stable electric field is formed between the cathode and the anode. Combining with the continuous jet flow, efficient inner wall polishing processing is realized under the coupling conditions of rotational disturbance, axial propulsion, and anode electrolysis reaction.

[0023] The whole polishing device can be connected to a numerical control system, which is used to control the start and stop of the centrifugal pump, the adjustment of the liquid supply pressure, the output of the electrolysis power supply, the temperature control unit, and the propulsion rhythm of the cathode assembly, so as to realize the coordinated operation and automatic control of the electrolyte supply, turbine disturbance, electrolysis reaction, and thermal control unit.

[0024] The electrolyte supply path of the nozzle can be provided with a detachable filter screen assembly to filter out impurity particles, ensure the purity of the electrolyte, and improve the polishing consistency and system stability.

[0025] Preferably, the semiconductor refrigerator is mounted on the outer wall of the nozzle, uses a copper heat conduction block as an intermediary, and forms a thermal coupling structure through thermal conductive glue. Its hot end is connected to the heat dissipation fins and the air-cooled module to optimize the refrigeration efficiency and improve the temperature control response.

[0026] Preferably, the flexible wire cable inlet hole at the tail of the hollow cathode electrode shaft is provided with a double-sealing structure, including an elastic sealing plug and an O-ring compression seal. The inlet connection part is encapsulated with a heat shrink tube and epoxy sealant is poured to form an insulating and sealing structure to prevent leakage and corrosion.

[0027] Preferably, the turbine blades are supported on the outer surface of the hollow electrode shaft by deep groove ball bearings. The inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the hollow cathode electrode shaft, and the outer ring is fixed to the impeller hub by gluing to ensure that the turbine blades rotate synchronously with the outer ring of the bearing.

[0028] Preferably, the surface of the hollow cathode electrode shaft is provided with a shoulder and a groove structure. A retaining ring is embedded in the groove to form a two-way limit with the shoulder to prevent the bearing from axially displacing or falling off during the rotation of the turbine.

[0029] Preferably, a sealing rubber ring is arranged outside the bearing to prevent the electrolyte from seeping into the bearing interior, improve the anti-corrosion life of the bearing, and maintain the rotation accuracy.

[0030] Preferably, the conductive anode pipe is made of stainless steel, titanium alloy or other conductive and corrosion-resistant metals. After the inner hole surface is pretreated, it is connected to the positive pole of the power supply to form an anode path.

[0031] Preferably, the guiding sleeve is made of a high-strength insulating material, and the fitting clearance with the inner hole of the anode is controllable. It is used to center and limit the position of the turbine disturbance component in the inner hole, prevent contact with the inner wall and ensure the stability of the flow path.

[0032] Preferably, the liquid storage tank in the electrolyte supply module is provided with a liquid level detection device and a temperature sensor, and the system realizes linkage adjustment of flow rate, pressure and temperature through a closed-loop control circuit.

[0033] Preferably, both the flow direction of the electrolyte and the turbine propulsion direction are set along the X-axis. The overall cathode assembly is guided and supported through a linear slide rail or guide rail structure, and the process rigidity and maintainability are improved by combining the directional assembly method of the conductive anode pipe.

[0034] Preferably, the hollow cathode electrode shaft is a flexible conductive pipe structure, which has certain bendability and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for electrolytic polishing of inner hole structures with curved shapes or curvature changes.

[0035] Preferably, the tail of the anode pipe is provided with an electrolyte recovery structure, which includes a liquid collection port at the inner hole outlet and an interface communicated with an external recovery pipeline, and is used for directionally guiding and collecting the electrolyte that has not fully participated in the reaction or has been used; the recovery structure and the electrolyte supply system form a closed-loop circuit to realize the recycling of the polishing liquid, reduce the liquid consumption, prevent leakage and pollution; a slightly inclined diversion channel or an annular collection groove can be arranged at the bottom of the anode pipe to guide the liquid to converge towards the liquid collection port, improve the recovery efficiency and prevent residual liquid from staying.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] The electrolytic jet inner hole polishing device and polishing method with turbine-assisted propulsion of the present invention combines the triple action mechanisms of directional high-speed jet, turbine disturbance and cathode propulsion, realizes the automatic polishing process of synchronous electrolysis, disturbance and axial advancement in a long and narrow inner cavity, significantly improves the uniformity, automation degree and processing efficiency of electrolytic polishing, and is suitable for mirror polishing of complex inner cavity structures such as slender and curved ones.

[0038] The present invention uses a flexible conductive pipe as the hollow cathode electrode shaft, which can naturally advance along with the U-shaped or curvature-changing conductive anode pipe, avoid jamming and eccentricity, and improves the adaptability of the system to non-linear workpieces; combined with the bearing support and limit structure, it ensures the stable rotation of the turbine assembly and the reliable guidance of the cathode structure.

[0039] The device of the present invention integrates a temperature control module and uses a semiconductor refrigeration method to regulate the temperature of the jet electrolyte to a constant temperature, ensuring the temperature stability during the electrolysis reaction, preventing the influence of liquid temperature fluctuations on the polishing quality, and improving the continuous processing ability and overall reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device and a polishing method with turbine-assisted propulsion according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of a turbine disturbance propulsion device in an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device and a polishing method with turbine-assisted propulsion according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a front view of a turbine disturbance propulsion device in an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device and a polishing method with turbine-assisted propulsion according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 It is a left view of a turbine disturbance propulsion device in an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device and a polishing method with turbine-assisted propulsion according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 It is a top view of a turbine disturbance propulsion device in an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device and a polishing method with turbine-assisted propulsion according to the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1 - liquid storage tank, 2 - motor, 3 - centrifugal pump, 4 - pulse damper, 5 - pressure sensor, 6 - nozzle, 7 - power supply, 8 - conductive anode pipeline, 9 - flexible conductive cable, 10 - bearing, 11 - turbine blade, 12 - hollow cathode electrode shaft, 13 - guide sleeve, 14 - shaft shoulder, 15 - retaining ring, 16 - sealing rubber ring, 17 - semiconductor cooler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0047] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Reference Figures 1-5 , a turbine-assisted electrolytic jet inner hole polishing device, uses a continuous jet to drive a rotating cathode to disturb the flow field, and realizes synchronous electrolytic removal and axial propulsion, to perform efficient and stable anodic electrolytic polishing operations on the inner walls of metals such as stainless steel.

[0049] The electrolytic jet inner hole polishing device with turbine auxiliary propulsion is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes an electrolytic jet liquid supply device and a turbine disturbance propulsion device; the electrolytic jet liquid supply device includes a liquid storage tank 1, which is connected to a centrifugal pump 3 driven by an electric motor 2 through a connecting pipeline, and the centrifugal pump 3 is used to suck the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank 1 and send it to the main liquid path; the outlet of the centrifugal pump 3 is connected to a pulse damper 4, which is used to reduce pressure fluctuations and improve the flow stability of the electrolyte; a pressure sensor 5 is arranged behind the pulse damper 4, which is used to detect the hydraulic pressure in real time and feedback the control system. The pressure sensor 5 is connected to a nozzle 6 through a pipeline, and the nozzle 6 is used to form a directional jet of constant pressure electrolyte and spray it into the inner hole cavity along the X-axis direction; the outer wall of the front end of the nozzle 6 is provided with an attached semiconductor refrigerator 17, and the refrigerator 17 is used to constantly control the temperature of the electrolyte.

[0050] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the turbine disturbance propulsion device includes a hollow cathode electrode shaft 12 arranged inside the conductive anode pipe 8 of the polished workpiece, and a flexible conductive cable 9 is inserted inside the hollow cathode electrode shaft for connecting the negative electrode of the DC power supply 7. The flexible conductive cable 9 is inserted from the wire entrance hole at the tail of the hollow cathode electrode shaft 12, passes through the hollow channel inside the shaft to the front end of the electrode, and is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply 7 at the tail end of the shaft by welding, crimping or plug-in terminals; the outside of the hollow cathode electrode shaft 12 is equipped with two groups of turbine blades 11, and the turbine blades 11 are supported on the outer surface of the hollow cathode electrode shaft 12 by deep groove ball bearings 10, so that the turbine blades rotate around the hollow cathode electrode shaft under the impetus of the electrolyte jet, generating a disturbed flow field and axial propulsion force. The hollow cathode electrode shaft 12 is provided with a shaft shoulder 14 and a slot structure, and a retaining ring 15 is installed in the slot, which is used together with the shaft shoulder 14 to perform bidirectional axial limit on the bearing 10 to prevent the bearing from moving during the rotation of the turbine. A sealing rubber ring 16 is provided on the outside of the bearing 10 to prevent electrolyte from invading the inside of the bearing and causing corrosion failure; a guide sleeve 13 is also provided on the periphery of the rotating structure to play a centering and guiding role to maintain the stability of the flow channel.

[0051] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the polishing steps of the turbine-assisted electrolytic jet inner hole polishing device are as follows:

[0052] Step 1. Open the working station or end cap where the conductive anode pipe 8 is located, fix the conductive anode pipe 8 on the anode connection structure, and ensure that the inner hole direction of the conductive anode pipe 8 is consistent with the electrolyte jet direction, that is, extending along the X-axis direction. Install the cathode assembly including structures such as the hollow cathode electrode shaft 12, turbine blades 11, bearings 10, and guide sleeves 13, and complete the connection of the flexible conductive cable 9 to the negative pole of the power supply 7;

[0053] Step 2. Add the electrolyte with a preset ratio (such as a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid mixture) to the liquid storage tank 1, start the centrifugal pump 3, and make the electrolyte form a high-speed directional jet through the pulse damper 4 and the nozzle 6. The jet liquid flows into the inner hole channel along the X-axis direction; at the same time, start the semiconductor refrigerator 17 to stabilize the electrolyte temperature;

[0054] Step 3. The high-speed flowing electrolyte flows into the inner hole of the workpiece along the X-axis direction, contacts the turbine blades 11 installed outside the hollow cathode electrode shaft 12, and applies a tangential driving force, causing the turbine blades to rotate around the hollow cathode electrode shaft, thereby forming a local disturbance flow field; the turbine spins and simultaneously drives the hollow cathode electrode shaft 12 to slowly move forward along the X-axis direction to achieve synchronous propulsion;

[0055] Step 4. Under the excitation of the DC power supply 7, a closed circuit is formed between the hollow cathode electrode shaft 12 and the inner hole of the workpiece, and the inner wall of the conductive anode pipe 8 serves as the anode surface for anodic dissolution; combined with the jet disturbance flow field, the dissolution rate and uniformity of the anode material can be effectively improved to achieve the mirror electrolytic polishing process;

[0056] Step 5. After the polishing is completed, turn off the DC power supply 7 and the centrifugal pump 3 in sequence to stop the electrolytic reaction and the electrolyte jet; at this time, the electrolyte no longer sprays along the X-axis direction. Then, withdraw the cathode assembly from the inner hole of the workpiece in the reverse direction of the X-axis, complete the electrode disassembly and workpiece removal, and perform subsequent cleaning and drying treatments.

[0057] During the grinding and polishing process, after the polishing liquid is sprayed into the inner hole of the anode pipe and the electrolytic reaction is completed, it will flow along the inner wall to the outlet end, and is guided and discharged through the liquid recovery channel or liquid collecting structure provided at the tail of the anode pipe, so as to achieve the centralized recovery and reuse of the electrolyte.

[0058] Combined with Figures 1-5, the working principle of the present invention is as follows: Open the working station or end cover where the conductive anode pipe is located, fix the conductive anode pipe on the anode connection structure, and ensure that the inner hole direction of the conductive anode pipe is consistent with the electrolyte jet direction, that is, extending along the X-axis direction. Install the cathode assembly including structures such as a hollow cathode electrode shaft, turbine blades, bearings, and guide sleeves, and complete the connection of the flexible conductive cable to the negative pole of the power supply; Add electrolyte with a preset ratio (such as a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid mixture) to the liquid storage tank, start the centrifugal pump, and make the electrolyte form a high-speed directional jet through the pulse damper and nozzle. This jet liquid flow is sprayed into the inner hole channel along the X-axis direction; At the same time, start the semiconductor refrigerator to control the electrolyte temperature stably; The high-speed flowing electrolyte flows into the inner hole of the workpiece along the X-axis direction, contacts the turbine blades installed on the outer side of the hollow cathode electrode shaft, and applies a tangential driving force, causing the turbine blades to rotate around the hollow cathode electrode shaft, thereby forming a local disturbed flow field; The turbine spins and simultaneously drives the hollow cathode electrode shaft to slowly move forward along the X-axis direction to achieve synchronous propulsion; Under the excitation of the DC power supply, a closed circuit is formed between the hollow cathode electrode shaft and the inner hole of the workpiece, and the inner wall of the conductive anode pipe acts as the anode surface to undergo anodic dissolution; Cooperating with the jet disturbed flow field, the dissolution rate and uniformity of the anode material can be effectively improved, and the mirror electrolytic polishing process can be realized.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to these embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device assisted by a turbine, characterized in that: It includes an electrolytic jet liquid supply device and a turbine disturbance propulsion device; The electrolytic jet liquid supply device comprises a liquid storage tank, a motor, a centrifugal pump for sucking electrolyte in the liquid storage tank, a pulse damper for reducing pressure fluctuations, a pressure sensor for real-time detection of hydraulic pressure and feedback control system, and a nozzle for forming a directional jet of constant pressure electrolyte into the inner hole cavity along the X-axis direction, and the outer wall of the front end of the nozzle is provided with an attached semiconductor refrigerator for constant control of the electrolyte temperature; The turbine disturbance propulsion device includes a hollow cathode electrode shaft arranged inside the conductive anode pipe of the polished workpiece, a flexible conductive cable for connecting the negative electrode of a DC power supply is inserted inside the hollow cathode electrode shaft, the flexible conductive cable is inserted from the wire entry hole at the tail of the hollow cathode electrode shaft, passes through the hollow channel inside the shaft to the front end of the electrode, and is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply at the tail of the shaft; two groups of turbine blades are mounted on the outside of the hollow cathode electrode shaft, the turbine blades are supported on the outer surface of the hollow cathode electrode shaft through bearings, a shaft shoulder and a slot structure are provided on the hollow cathode electrode shaft, a retaining ring is installed in the slot, and is used together with the shaft shoulder to perform bidirectional axial limiting on the bearing.

2. The electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device with turbine-assisted propulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing rubber ring is provided on the outer side of the bearing to prevent electrolyte from invading the interior of the bearing and causing corrosion failure. A guide sleeve is also provided on the outer side of the turbine blade to maintain the stability of the flow channel.

3. The electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device with turbine-assisted propulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte sprayed from the nozzle flows along the X-axis direction to form a directional jet; the electrolyte jet drives the turbine blades to rotate around the hollow cathode electrode axis, and at the same time drives the hollow cathode electrode axis to move forward along the X-axis direction to achieve synchronous disturbance.

4. A turbine-assisted electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semiconductor refrigerator is thermally connected to the outer wall via a heat-conducting structure to achieve constant control of the electrolyte temperature.

5. A turbine-assisted electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through-type wire channel is provided inside the hollow cathode electrode shaft, and a flexible conductive cable is inserted into the wire entry hole at the tail of the shaft, and is connected to the negative pole of the power supply at the tail of the shaft by welding, crimping or plug-in terminals; an insulating sealing structure is provided on the outer side of the connecting end, and the insulating sealing structure includes a sealing plug, an O-ring, a heat shrinkable insulating tube and a potting compound.

6. The electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device with turbine-assisted propulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing mounting hole is provided on the inner wall of the turbine blade hub, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly installed in the hub hole by interference fit or gluing, and rotates integrally with the turbine blade; the inner ring of the bearing is interference-connected with the hollow cathode electrode shaft, realizing a support structure in which the outer ring rotates with the turbine and the inner ring is relatively stationary.

7. A turbine-assisted electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive anode pipe is made of stainless steel or other conductive corrosion-resistant metal materials, and is used to provide an anode action surface and define an inner hole polishing area.

8. A polishing method for an electrolytic jet internal hole polishing device with turbine-assisted propulsion according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Open the station or end cover where the conductive anode pipe is located, fix the conductive anode pipe on the anode connection structure, ensure that the inner hole direction of the conductive anode pipe is consistent with the electrolyte jet direction, that is, extending along the X-axis direction, install the cathode assembly including the hollow cathode electrode shaft, turbine blades, bearings and guide sleeve structure, and complete the connection between the flexible conductive cable and the negative electrode of the power supply; Step 2: Add a preset proportion of electrolyte into the liquid storage tank, start the centrifugal pump, and make the electrolyte pass through the pulse damper and the nozzle to form a high-speed directional jet, and the jet flow is sprayed into the inner hole channel along the X-axis direction; at the same time, start the semiconductor refrigerator to control the electrolyte temperature to be stable; Step 3: The high-speed flowing electrolyte flows into the inner hole of the workpiece along the X-axis direction, contacts the turbine blades installed on the outside of the hollow cathode electrode shaft and applies a tangential driving force, so that the turbine blades rotate around the hollow cathode electrode shaft to form a local disturbance flow field; the turbine spins and drives the hollow cathode electrode shaft to move slowly forward along the X-axis direction to achieve synchronous propulsion; Step 4: Under the excitation of the DC power supply, the hollow cathode electrode shaft and the inner hole of the workpiece form a closed loop, and the inner wall of the conductive anode pipe serves as the anode surface for anodic dissolution; Cooperate with the jet disturbance flow field to improve the dissolution rate and uniformity of the anode material and realize the mirror electrolytic polishing process; Step 5: After polishing, turn off the DC power supply and the centrifugal pump in turn to stop the electrolytic reaction and the electrolyte jet; at this time, the electrolyte is no longer sprayed along the X-axis direction, and the cathode assembly is withdrawn from the inner hole of the workpiece in the reverse direction along the X-axis to complete the electrode disassembly and workpiece removal, and then perform subsequent cleaning and drying.

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