Automatic screw locking device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of assembly equipment, in particular to an automatic screw locking device which comprises a rack. A workpiece and a tightening gun are arranged on the rack; the workpiece is connected with a screw; the screw is connected with a gasket; the tightening gun comprises an outer side sleeve; an inner side sleeve is arranged in the outer side sleeve; a screwdriver head is arranged in the inner side sleeve; the screw is arranged in the outer side sleeve and abuts against the inner side sleeve and the screwdriver bit. A laser range finder is arranged on the tightening gun; a reflecting plate is arranged on the inner side sleeve; the reflecting plate is arranged on one side of the laser range finder; an abutting head is arranged at the end part of the outer side sleeve; a positioning assembly is arranged on the abutting head; the gasket is arranged in the abutting head; through the cooperation of the reflecting plate and the laser range finder, whether the screw is completely locked into the screw hole or not can be detected, and the floating locking condition is prevented; the positioning assembly abuts against the outer edge of the gasket, so that the gasket can be locked to the coaxial position of the screw, and whether the gasket is pressed or not can be detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of assembly equipment, and more specifically, the present invention relates to an automatic screw locking device. Background Art

[0002] During the manufacturing process of engine cylinder heads, it is often necessary to tighten screws on components. Traditional manual screw tightening has gradually been replaced by automatic screw locking machines. Existing parts may pre-install screws on workpieces and then tighten them with a screw locking machine. When the screw locking machine reaches the predetermined torque, the bit of the screw locking machine stops rotating to prevent the screw from being overstressed. However, when there are machining defects or debris residues inside the screw or the mating bolt holes, it may cause the screw thread to stop rotating before the screw is fully tightened, resulting in a floating lock phenomenon.

[0003] Usually when tightening a screw, a gasket needs to be used. After the screw is tightened, the nut presses on the gasket to prevent the bolt from loosening. Therefore, it is necessary to detect whether the gasket is pressed tightly by the nut to avoid the floating lock of the gasket. When the pressing force of the gasket is sufficient, the screw does not have a floating lock situation.

[0004] When no gasket is provided for the screw, to avoid the floating lock of the screw, generally, the screw locking machine detects the tightening torque and the tightening stroke for detection. Existing floating lock detection generally starts when the bit touches the screw and detects pressure and starts to rotate. When the screw is fully locked, the torque will increase sharply. At this time, the tightening stroke of the bit is used to judge whether it is tightened. When the tightening stroke is not reached, it is detected that the screw has a floating lock. However, since the number of turns during the pre-installation of the screw cannot be controlled, the tightening stroke and angle of the screw machine are not consistent each time, and the installation stroke of the screw locking machine cannot be accurately controlled, making it impossible to judge whether the screw is fully locked.

[0005] The applicant searched and found that a Chinese patent document with the application number 202122949184.4 was published on April 19, 2022, which discloses an adaptive screw locking mechanism for a fully automatic screw locking machine, including an installation sleeve. One end of the installation sleeve is fixedly connected with an outer screw locking cylinder. One end of the outer screw locking cylinder is provided with a first clamping mechanism. The outer screw locking cylinder is clamped with an outer hexagonal screw locking sleeve through the first clamping mechanism. A shrinkage ring is sleeved on the outer screw locking cylinder. Both sides of the inner surface of the shrinkage ring are fixedly connected with connecting fixing plates. This device also cannot solve the above technical problems.

[0006] Therefore, in order to improve or solve at least one of the above problems, it is necessary to provide an automatic screw locking device that can detect whether a screw has a floating lock. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic screw locking device that can detect whether a screw has a floating lock.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An automatic screw locking device, including a frame; a workpiece and a tightening gun are provided on the frame; a screw is connected to the workpiece; a gasket is connected to the screw; the tightening gun includes an outer sleeve; an inner sleeve is provided in the outer sleeve; a bit is provided in the inner sleeve; the screw is arranged in the outer sleeve and abuts against the inner sleeve and the bit; a laser rangefinder is provided on the tightening gun; a reflector is provided on the inner sleeve; the reflector is arranged on one side of the laser rangefinder; an abutting head is provided at the end of the outer sleeve; a positioning assembly is provided on the abutting head; the gasket is arranged in the abutting head.

[0009] The tightening gun includes a mounting housing; a bit motor is provided in the mounting housing; the bit motor is connected to the bit; the end of the outer sleeve away from the abutting head is arranged on the mounting housing; a sliding groove is provided on the outer sleeve; a connecting block is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the reflector is sleeved on the outer sleeve; the connecting block is arranged in the sliding groove and the connecting block is connected to the reflector.

[0010] One end of the outer sleeve close to the abutting head is provided with an outer sleeve end; a tension spring is connected to the side of the reflector away from the laser rangefinder; the tension spring is connected to the outer sleeve end.

[0011] A plurality of positioning grooves are provided on the abutting head; the positioning assembly includes a positioning block; the positioning block is arranged in the positioning groove and the positioning block abuts against the outer edge of the gasket; a pushing ring is sleeved on the abutting head; one side of the pushing ring abuts against the positioning block, and the other side of the pushing ring is connected to a connecting ring; the connecting ring is connected to an elastic telescopic rod; the elastic telescopic rod is connected to the reflector.

[0012] One side of the abutting head close to the outer sleeve end is provided with a first mounting lug; a second mounting lug is provided on the outer sleeve end; a pressure sensor is arranged between the first mounting lug and the second mounting lug; a torque motor is provided in the mounting housing; the torque motor is connected to a test wheel; teeth are provided at one end of the outer sleeve close to the mounting housing; the test wheel meshes with the teeth.

[0013] Limit plates are provided on both sides of the positioning block; a return spring is arranged between the limit plate and the abutting head; the positioning block is provided with an inclined surface; the pushing ring abuts against the inclined surface; a contact sensor and a plurality of ball bearings are provided at the end of the abutting head close to the workpiece; an anti-slip cushion layer is provided at one end of the positioning block close to the gasket.

[0014] The bit includes a connecting groove; a bit protrusion is provided in the connecting groove; a movable plate is provided in the inner sleeve; the movable plate is sleeved on the bit protrusion; a pressure air pipe is connected to the inner sleeve; an air pump is provided on the mounting shell; the air pump is connected to the pressure air pipe; the screw includes a nut and a screw rod; the pressure air pipe is arranged on the side of the movable plate away from the nut; a screw groove is provided on the nut, and the bit protrusion is arranged in the screw groove.

[0015] The inner sleeve is provided with a vent hole; the outer sleeve is provided with a dust removal box and a dust removal hole; the dust removal hole is connected to the inside of the outer sleeve, and the dust removal hole is arranged on one side of the screw; the vent hole is connected to a vent pipe; the vent pipe is connected to the dust removal box; the movable plate is connected to a baffle; the baffle is arranged on one side of the vent hole; the outer sleeve is provided with an air outlet slot.

[0016] The frame includes a conveyor line; the workpiece is arranged on the conveyor line; a mounting frame is arranged on the top of the conveyor line; a moving assembly is connected to the mounting frame; the moving assembly includes an upper plate, a horizontal cylinder and a vertical cylinder; a vertical cylinder is connected to the bottom of the upper plate; a pressing plate is connected to the vertical cylinder; the pressing plate is pressed tightly on the workpiece;

[0017] A transverse guide rail is provided on the top surface of the upper plate; a transverse movable plate is connected to the transverse guide rail; the transverse movable plate is connected to the transverse cylinder; a vertical guide rail is provided on the top surface of the transverse movable plate; a vertical movable plate is provided on the vertical guide rail; the vertical movable plate is connected to the vertical cylinder;

[0018] A mounting plate is provided on the side of the vertical movable plate away from the vertical cylinder; a guide groove is provided in the mounting plate; a vertical movable plate is provided in the guide groove; a top plate is provided on the top of the vertical movable plate; a driving cylinder is connected to the vertical movable plate; the driving cylinder is connected to the top plate; the tightening gun is connected to one end of the vertical movable plate away from the top plate.

[0019] The conveyor line includes a mounting platform; a clearance groove is provided on the top of the mounting platform; a mounting groove is provided on the side of the mounting platform; a plurality of conveying rollers are provided in the mounting platform; the conveying rollers are connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is provided in the mounting groove; the conveying rollers extend out of the clearance groove; a transmission motor is connected to the end of the mounting platform; the transmission motor is connected to a sprocket; a transmission chain is connected to the sprocket; and the transmission chain is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention is provided with an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. The abutting head at one end of the outer sleeve abuts against the installation plane of the workpiece, enabling the inner sleeve to abut against the nut of the screw. While the outer sleeve guides the screw, it can cooperate with a reflector and a laser rangefinder to detect whether the screw is fully locked into the screw hole, preventing the occurrence of floating locking.

[0022] The abutting head of the present invention is provided with a positioning groove. The positioning assembly includes a positioning block. When the reflector moves with the inner sleeve, it will push the elastic telescopic rod to move, and then drive the positioning block to move under the action of the pushing ring and the connecting ring, so that the positioning block abuts against the outer edge of the gasket, that is, the gasket can be locked to the coaxial position of the screw, and at the same time, it can also detect whether the gasket is pressed tightly.

[0023] When the screw is fully locked into the screw hole of the workpiece, the gasket is pressed and fixed by the nut of the screw, and the gasket cannot rotate. The torque motor outputs power, and then drives the outer sleeve to have a tendency to rotate but not rotate through the test wheel. At this time, the torque output by the pressure sensor and the torque motor can reach a predetermined value; when the gasket is not pressed tightly, the gasket will slip, resulting in the gasket rotating together with the outer sleeve. At this time, the torque output by the torque motor and the value of the pressure sensor cannot reach the predetermined value, thereby detecting whether the gasket is floating locked. Description of the Drawings

[0024] The following further details the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings, wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveyor line of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tightening gun of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 of the present invention Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view at A.

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the reflector of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 of the present invention Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view at B.

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the abutting head of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Partial enlarged view at position C in the figure.

[0034] Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the tightening gun of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the installation state of the air pump of the present invention.

[0036] The markings in the above figures are all:

[0037] The markings in the figure are:

[0038] 1. Frame

[0039] 2. Tightening gun, 201. Installation housing, 202. Air pump

[0040] 3. Screw, 301. Gasket, 302. Nut, 303. Screw rod

[0041] 4. Outer sleeve, 401. Sliding groove, 402. Outer sleeve end, 403. Teeth, 404. Air outlet groove

[0042] 5. Inner sleeve, 501. Connecting block, 502. Movable plate, 503. Pressure air pipe

[0043] 6. Bit, 601. Connecting groove, 602. Bit protrusion

[0044] 7. Laser rangefinder

[0045] 8. Reflector, 801. Tensile spring

[0046] 9. Contact head, 901. Positioning groove, 902. Positioning block, 903. Pushing ring, 904. Connecting ring, 905. Elastic telescopic rod, 906. First mounting protrusion, 907. Second mounting protrusion

[0047] 10. Pressure sensor

[0048] 11. Torque motor, 111. Test wheel

[0049] 12. Limiting plate, 121. Return spring, 122. Inclined plane, 123. Ball, 124. Anti-slip cushion

[0050] 13. Vent hole, 131. Dust removal box, 132. Dust removal hole, 133. Vent pipe, 134. Baffle

[0051] 14. Conveyor line, 141. Installation table, 142. Relief groove, 143. Installation groove, 144. Conveyor roller, 145. Drive motor

[0052] 15. Mounting bracket, 151. Upper plate, 152. Horizontal cylinder, 153. Vertical cylinder, 154. Vertical cylinder, 155. Pressure plate

[0053] 16. Horizontal guide rail, 161. Horizontal moving plate, 162. Vertical guide rail, 163. Vertical moving plate, 164. Mounting plate, 165. Vertical moving plate, 166. Top plate, 167. Driving cylinder Detailed implementation method

[0054] The following is a more detailed description of the specific implementation method of the present invention by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, aiming to help those skilled in the art have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, and facilitate its implementation.

[0055] Figure 1 The shown automatic screw locking device includes a frame 1; a workpiece and a tightening gun 2 are provided on the frame 1; a screw 3 is connected to the workpiece; a gasket 301 is connected to the screw 3; the tightening gun 2 includes an outer sleeve 4; an inner sleeve 5 is provided in the outer sleeve 4; a bit 6 is provided in the inner sleeve 5; the screw 3 is arranged in the outer sleeve 4 and is in tight contact with the inner sleeve 5 and the bit 6; a laser rangefinder 7 is provided on the tightening gun 2; a reflector 8 is provided on the inner sleeve 5; the reflector 8 is arranged on one side of the laser rangefinder 7; an abutting head 9 is provided at the end of the outer sleeve 4; a positioning assembly is provided on the abutting head 9; the gasket 301 is arranged in the abutting head 9.

[0056] The abutting head 9 provided at one end of the outer sleeve 4 abuts against the mounting plane of the workpiece, so that the inner sleeve 5 can abut against the nut of the screw 3. While the outer sleeve 4 guides the screw 3, it can cooperate with the reflector 8 and the laser rangefinder 7 to detect whether the screw 3 is completely locked into the screw hole, preventing the occurrence of floating locking.

[0057] The abutting head 9 of the present invention is provided with a positioning groove 901, and the positioning assembly includes a positioning block 902. When the reflector 8 moves with the inner sleeve 5, it will push the elastic telescopic rod 905 to move, and then drive the positioning block 902 to move under the action of the pushing ring 903 and the connecting ring 904, so that the positioning block 902 abuts against the outer edge of the gasket 301, that is, the gasket 301 can be locked to the coaxial position of the screw 3, and at the same time, it can also detect whether the gasket 301 is pressed tightly.

[0058] As Figures 4 - 5 Shown, the tightening gun 2 includes a mounting housing 201; a bit motor is provided in the mounting housing 201; the bit motor is connected to the bit 6; the end of the outer sleeve 4 away from the abutting head 9 is arranged on the mounting housing 201; a sliding groove 401 is provided on the outer sleeve 4; a connecting block 501 is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 5; the reflector 8 is sleeved on the outer sleeve 4; the connecting block 501 is arranged in the sliding groove 401, and the connecting block 501 is connected to the reflector 8.

[0059] The bit motor is installed in the installation housing 201; one end of the bit 6 extends into the installation housing 201 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the bit motor, so that the bit motor can drive the bit 6 to rotate and can make the bit 6 axially extend along the screw 3; the end of the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a flange, the installation housing 201 is provided with a through hole, the outer sleeve 4 extends into the through hole, and the flange abuts against the inner wall of the installation housing 201, so that the end of the outer sleeve 4 can rotate in the through hole and can prevent the outer sleeve 4 from detaching from the installation housing 201; the inner sleeve 5 is sleeved outside the bit 6, and the bit 6 can rotate in the inner sleeve 5; the outer sleeve 4 is sleeved outside the inner sleeve 5; the sliding groove 401 is a through groove and is arranged on the side wall of the outer sleeve 4; the connecting block 501 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner sleeve 5, and the reflector 8 is an annular plate; the connecting block 501 extends out of the sliding groove 401 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reflector 8.

[0060] As Figure 6 shown, the outer sleeve 4 is provided with an outer sleeve end 402 near the abutting head 9; one side of the reflector 8 away from the laser rangefinder 7 is connected with a tension spring 801; the tension spring 801 is connected with the outer sleeve end 402.

[0061] The outer sleeve end 402 is a hollow conical structure, which is convenient for the screw 3 to be placed; when the screw 3 is locked in, the outer sleeve 4 guides the screw 3 to prevent the screw 3 from being skewed; the outer sleeve end 402 and the outer sleeve 4 are an integral structure; one end of the tension spring 801 is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve end 402, and the other end of the tension spring 801 is fixedly connected to the reflector 8; the laser rangefinder 7 is installed on the installation housing 201 and is arranged towards the reflector 8.

[0062] When the screw 3 is not provided with a gasket 301, in order to prevent the screw 3 from being floatingly locked, it is necessary to detect whether the screw 3 is completely locked; a laser rangefinder 7 for the reflector 8 is installed on the installation housing 201. When the screw 3 does not extend into the outer sleeve 4, one end of the inner sleeve 5 is flush with the abutting head 9. At this time, the distance between the reflector 8 and the laser rangefinder 7 is the first distance. When the tightening gun 2 starts to tighten, the screw 3 is sleeved into the outer sleeve 4. At this time, the top end of the inner sleeve 5 abuts against the nut 302 of the screw 3, and at the same time, the abutting head 9 abuts against the installation surface of the workpiece. At this time, the protruding length of the screw 3 on the workpiece is the length that the inner sleeve 5 is pushed. When the screw 3 is screwed in by the bit 6, the inner sleeve 5 will move as the screw 3 is screwed in. When the screw 3 is completely screwed in, the distance between one end of the inner sleeve 5 and the installation plane is the height of the nut 302 protruding from the installation plane. At this time, the distance between the reflector 8 and the laser rangefinder 7 is the second distance. Since the height of the nut 302 is a certain dimension, when the difference between the first distance and the second distance is the height of the nut 302, the screw 3 is completely locked. By the cooperation of the reflector 8 and the laser rangefinder 7, it can be detected whether the screw 3 is completely locked into the screw hole to prevent the occurrence of floating lock.

[0063] As shown Figures 8 - 9 in the figure, a plurality of positioning grooves 901 are provided on the abutting head 9; the positioning assembly includes a positioning block 902; the positioning block 902 is arranged in the positioning groove 901, and the positioning block 902 abuts against the outer edge of the gasket 301; a pushing ring 903 is sleeved on the abutting head 9; one side of the pushing ring 903 abuts against the positioning block 902, and the other side of the pushing ring 903 is connected with a connecting ring 904; the connecting ring 904 is connected with an elastic telescopic rod 905; the elastic telescopic rod 905 is connected with the reflector 8.

[0064] The abutting head 9 is of an annular structure, and the abutting head 9 is rotatably connected with the outer sleeve 4; the abutting head 9 abuts against the installation plane of the workpiece; four positioning grooves 901 are circumferentially and evenly distributed on the abutting head 9; the cross section of the positioning block 902 is trapezoidal, and the positioning block 902 can slide radially along the abutting head 9 in the positioning groove 901; the positioning block 902 can slide towards or away from the center of the abutting head 9; the pushing ring 903 is sleeved on the abutting head 9 and can slide axially along the abutting head 9; the pushing ring 903 is rotatably connected with the connecting ring 904; a limiting sunk groove is provided on the pushing ring 903, the connecting ring 904 is arranged in the limiting sunk groove and can rotate relative to the pushing ring 903; one end of the elastic telescopic rod 905 is fixedly connected with the connecting ring 904, and the other end of the elastic telescopic rod 905 is fixedly connected with the reflector 8; the elastic telescopic rod 905 includes a plurality of sleeved tubes, and a spring is sleeved on the tubes.

[0065] When the abutting head 9 abuts against the installation plane, the pre-installed screw 3 on the workpiece is inserted into the outer sleeve 4. Since the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 4 is the same as the size of the nut 302 of the screw 3 and smaller than the size of the gasket 301, the gasket 301 is blocked in the abutting head 9 and is abutted against the outer edge of the gasket 301 through the positioning block 902, so that the gasket 301 is limited in the abutting head 9.

[0066] To enable the positioning block 902 to move towards the center of the abutting joint 9 and thus position the gasket 301, an inner sleeve 5 is slidably arranged within the outer sleeve 4. One end of the inner sleeve 5 abuts against the nut 302 of the screw 3. When the screw 3 is locked in, the inner sleeve 5 moves along with the screw 3. When the screw 3 is inserted into the outer sleeve 4, the nut 302 will push the inner sleeve 5 to move, thereby driving the reflector 8 to move and pulling the tension spring 801. A resilient telescopic rod 905 is fixedly connected to the reflector 8. One end of the resilient telescopic rod 905 is fixedly connected to a connecting ring 904. A pushing ring 903 is rotatably connected to the connecting ring 904. The pushing ring 903 abuts against the positioning block 902. A slope 122 is provided on one side of the positioning block 902 close to the pushing ring 903, such that the pushing ring 903 abuts against the slope 122 to push the positioning block 902 towards the center position of the abutting joint 9. During the process of tightening the screw 3, under the action of the tension spring 801, the inner sleeve 5 moves along with the screw 3. Under the action of the resilient telescopic rod 905, the connecting ring 904, and the pushing ring 903, the positioning block 902 is driven to limit the gasket 301.

[0067] As Figure 7 shown, a first mounting lug 906 is provided on one side of the abutting joint 9 close to the end 402 of the outer sleeve; a second mounting lug 907 is provided on the end 402 of the outer sleeve; a pressure sensor 10 is provided between the first mounting lug 906 and the second mounting lug 907; a torque motor 11 is provided in the mounting housing 201; the torque motor 11 is connected with a test wheel 111; a gear 403 is provided at one end of the outer sleeve 4 close to the mounting housing 201; the test wheel 111 meshes with the gear 403.

[0068] The first mounting lug 906 is fixedly connected to the end of the abutting joint 9; the second mounting lug 907 is fixedly connected to the end of the end 402 of the outer sleeve; the pressure sensor 10 is mounted between the first mounting lug 906 and the second mounting lug 907; the gear 403 is provided on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 4; the torque motor 11 is mounted in the mounting housing 201, and the test wheel 111 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft of the torque motor 11.

[0069] When the screw 3 is tightened, the nut 302 of the screw 3 generates a certain extrusion pressure on the gasket 301. At this time, the torque motor 11 is started, such that the outer sleeve 4 has a tendency to rotate, and then the pressure sensor 10 is extruded through the second mounting lug 907. When the values of the pressure sensor 10 and the torque motor 11 reach a predetermined value, the gasket 301 is tightly pressed and no floating lock occurs for the gasket 301. When the gasket 301 is not tightly pressed, the torque motor 11 can drive the outer sleeve 4 to rotate synchronously with the abutting joint 9 and the gasket 301. At this time, the detected values of the torque motor 11 and the pressure sensor 10 do not reach the predetermined value, and floating lock occurs for the gasket 301.

[0070] On both sides of the positioning block 902, there are limit plates 12; between the limit plates 12 and the abutting head 9, there is a return spring 121; the positioning block 902 is provided with an inclined surface 122; the pushing ring 903 abuts tightly against the inclined surface 122; at the end of the abutting head 9 close to the workpiece, there is a contact sensor and a plurality of balls 123; at one end of the positioning block 902 close to the gasket 301, there is an anti-slip cushion layer 124.

[0071] The pushing ring 903 abuts tightly against the inclined surface 122, thereby pressing the positioning block 902 into the positioning groove 901 and compressing the return spring 121; when the pushing ring 903 is removed from the positioning block 902, the return spring 121 pops the positioning block 902 out of the positioning groove 901; on the end face of the abutting head 9 close to the workpiece, a plurality of balls 123 are installed, and the balls 123 can rotate; by contacting the installation plane through the balls 123, friction is avoided, and the influence of the frictional force generated when the abutting head 9 directly abuts against the installation plane on the detection structure is avoided; on one side of the positioning block 902 close to the center position of the abutting head 9, there is a vertical anti-slip cushion layer 124. When the anti-slip cushion layer 124 abuts tightly against the outer edge of the gasket 301, the gasket 301 can be limited, so that the gasket 301 rotates synchronously with the abutting head 9;

[0072] When the abutting head 9 contacts the installation plane, the contact sensor detects the pressure, and then controls the bit 6 to perform the operation of locking the screw; on the end face of the inner sleeve 5 close to the nut 302, a plurality of balls are installed to avoid the influence of the frictional force between the inner sleeve 5 and the nut 302 of the screw 3 on the detection result.

[0073] The bit 6 includes a connection groove 601; in the connection groove 601, there is a bit protrusion 602; in the inner sleeve 5, there is a movable plate 502; the movable plate 502 is sleeved on the bit protrusion 602; on the inner sleeve 5, there is a pressure air pipe 503; on the installation housing 201, there is an air pump 202; the air pump 202 is connected to the pressure air pipe 503; the screw 3 includes a nut 302 and a screw rod 303; the pressure air pipe 503 is arranged on the side of the movable plate 502 away from the nut 302; on the nut 302, there is a screw groove, and the bit protrusion 602 is arranged in the screw groove.

[0074] The bit protrusion 602 is installed in the connection groove 601, can slide axially along the bit 6, and can rotate together with the bit 6; the movable plate 502 is an annular plate; the movable plate 502 is fixedly connected to the bit protrusion 602, and the outer edge of the movable plate 502 is close to the inner wall of the inner sleeve 5; the air pump 202 inputs high-pressure gas between the inner sleeve 5 and the bit 6 through the pressure air pipe 503, and the high-pressure gas pushes the bit protrusion 602 out of the connection groove 601 through the movable plate 502; the shape of the bit protrusion 602 is the same as the shape of the screw groove on the screw cap; when the bit protrusion 602 is not embedded in the screw groove, directly abutting against the screw 3 easily causes the nut 302 to be scratched. By pushing the bit protrusion 602 with high-pressure gas, the bit protrusion 602 is prevented from directly abutting against the nut 302, reducing the force.

[0075] As shown Figures 10 - 11 in the figure, the inner sleeve 5 is provided with a ventilation hole 13; the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a dust removal box 131 and a dust removal hole 132; the dust removal hole 132 is communicated with the inside of the outer sleeve 4, and the dust removal hole 132 is arranged on one side of the screw 303; the ventilation hole 13 is connected with a ventilation pipe 133; the ventilation pipe 133 is communicated with the dust removal box 131; the movable plate 502 is connected with a baffle 134; the baffle 134 is arranged on one side of the ventilation hole 13; the outer sleeve 4 is provided with an air outlet groove 404.

[0076] A baffle 134 that fits against the inner wall of the inner sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the bit protrusion 602. An air vent 13 is provided on the inner wall of the inner sleeve 5. When the bit protrusion 602 is not inserted into the screw groove, one end of the inner sleeve 5 abuts against the nut 302, and the baffle 134 blocks the air vent 13; the air vent 13 is connected to a ventilation pipe 133. A dust removal box 131 is provided on the side surface of the outer sleeve 4. The dust removal box 131 is provided with a dust removal hole 132 that communicates with the inside of the outer sleeve 4. One end of the ventilation pipe 133 is communicated with the dust removal box 131. An air outlet groove 404 for blowing out dust is provided on the outer sleeve 4; at the same time, when the bit protrusion 602 is pushed into the screw groove, the dust removal box 131 can be dusted through the ventilation pipe 133, and a certain air pressure is maintained inside the inner sleeve 5, so that the bit protrusion 602 is always embedded in the screw groove.

[0077] As shown Figure 3 in the figure, the frame 1 includes a conveyor line 14; the workpiece is arranged on the conveyor line 14; an installation frame 15 is provided at the top of the conveyor line 14; a moving component is connected to the installation frame 15; the moving component includes an upper plate 151, a horizontal cylinder 152 and a vertical cylinder 153; a vertical cylinder 154 is connected to the bottom of the upper plate 151; the vertical cylinder 154 is connected to a pressing plate 155; the pressing plate 155 presses against the workpiece;

[0078] A horizontal guide rail 16 is provided on the top surface of the upper plate 151; a horizontal moving plate 161 is connected to the horizontal guide rail 16; the horizontal moving plate 161 is connected to the horizontal cylinder 152; a vertical guide rail 162 is provided on the top surface of the horizontal moving plate 161; a vertical moving plate 163 is provided on the vertical guide rail 162; the vertical moving plate 163 is connected to the vertical cylinder 153;

[0079] An installation plate 164 is provided on the side of the vertical moving plate 163 away from the vertical cylinder 153; a guide groove is provided in the installation plate 164; a vertical moving plate 165 is provided in the guide groove; a top plate 166 is provided at the top end of the vertical moving plate 165; a driving cylinder 167 is connected to the vertical moving plate 163; the driving cylinder 167 is connected to the top plate 166; the tightening gun 2 is connected to the end of the vertical moving plate 165 away from the top plate 166.

[0080] The upper plate 151, the horizontal cylinder 152, and the vertical cylinder 153 are all fixedly connected to the mounting frame 15; a vertical cylinder 154 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper plate 151, and the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 154 can perform telescopic movement in the vertical direction, so that the pressing plate 155 can press the workpiece; a horizontal guide rail 16 arranged in the first direction of the horizontal plane is fixedly connected to the top surface of the upper plate 151; the horizontal moving plate 161 is installed on the horizontal guide rail 16 through the chute at the bottom, and the piston rod of the horizontal cylinder 152 can push the horizontal moving plate 161 to slide in the first direction; a vertical guide rail 162 arranged in the second direction of the horizontal plane is fixedly connected to the top surface of the horizontal moving plate 161; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular; the vertical moving plate 163 is installed on the vertical guide rail 162 through the chute at the bottom, and the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 153 can push the vertical moving plate 163 to slide in the second direction;

[0081] The top plate 166 and the vertical moving plate 165 are of an integral structure and are L-shaped; the vertical moving plate 165 is arranged in the guide groove of the mounting plate 164; the driving cylinder 167 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the vertical moving plate 163 and is vertically arranged, and the piston rod of the driving cylinder 167 is fixedly connected to the top plate 166; the driving cylinder 167 can drive the vertical moving plate 165 to perform vertical movement, so as to realize the operation of tightening the screw 3 at different positions of the workpiece.

[0082] As Figure 2 shown, the conveyor line 14 includes a mounting table 141; a relief groove 142 is provided at the top of the mounting table 141; a mounting groove 143 is provided on the side of the mounting table 141; a plurality of conveyor rollers 144 are provided in the mounting table 141; the conveyor rollers 144 are connected with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is arranged in the mounting groove 143; the conveyor rollers 144 protrude from the relief groove 142; a transmission motor 145 is connected to the end of the mounting table 141; the transmission motor 145 is connected with a sprocket; a transmission chain is connected to the sprocket; the transmission chain is connected with the rotating shaft.

[0083] A sprocket is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. After the transmission motor 145 is started, the sprocket connected to it rotates, and the power is transmitted to the sprocket on the rotating shaft in the mounting groove 143 through the transmission chain, so that the rotating shaft rotates synchronously; since the conveyor roller 144 is fixedly connected to the sprocket through the rotating shaft, the rotation of the rotating shaft directly drives the conveyor roller 144 to rotate synchronously in the relief groove 142, thereby realizing the linear transportation of the workpiece placed on the top of the conveyor roller 144.

[0084] The specific working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0085] 1. In the initial state, the inner sleeve 5 is flush with the abutting head 9, and the elastic telescopic rod 905 is in a compressed state. When screwing the screw 3, the end of the tightening gun 2 is aligned with the screw 3 on the workpiece. When the abutting head 9 abuts against the installation plane of the workpiece, the nut 302 of the screw 3 pushes the inner sleeve 5 to move, and at the same time blocks the gasket 301 within the abutting head 9. The elastic telescopic rod 905 first rebounds to a certain length and then no longer pushes the pushing ring 903. Under the action of the return spring 121, the positioning block 902 returns to a state away from the center position of the abutting head 9. At this time, the gasket 301 is located between the positioning blocks 902.

[0086] When screwing, under the action of the tension spring 801, the inner sleeve 5 moves with the screw 3. Under the action of the elastic telescopic rod 905, the connecting ring 904, and the pushing ring 903, the positioning block 902 drives to limit the gasket 301. After the screwing is completed, through the starting torque motor 11, it is detected whether the predetermined value can be reached to judge whether the gasket 301 is tightly pressed.

[0087] 2. When the screw 3 is not provided with the gasket 301 and it is necessary to detect whether the screw 3 is floating-locked, when the tightening gun 2 starts to tighten, the screw 3 is sleeved into the outer sleeve 4. At this time, the top end of the inner sleeve 5 abuts against the nut 302 of the screw 3, and at the same time the abutting head 9 abuts against the installation surface of the workpiece. At this time, the protruding length of the screw 3 on the workpiece is the length by which the inner sleeve 5 is pushed. When the screw 3 is screwed in by the bit 6, the inner sleeve 5 will move as the screw 3 is screwed in. When the screw 3 is completely screwed in, the distance between one end of the inner sleeve 5 and the installation plane is the height by which the nut 302 protrudes from the installation plane. At this time, the distance between the reflector 8 and the laser rangefinder 7 is the second distance. When the difference between the first distance and the second distance is greater than the size by which the nut 302 is higher than the installation surface, the screw 3 has a floating-lock. Through the cooperation of the reflector 8 and the laser rangefinder 7, it can be detected whether the screw 3 is completely screwed into the screw hole to prevent the occurrence of floating-lock.

[0088] The above has described the present invention by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods. As long as various non-substantive improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or without improvement, the above concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic screw locking device, characterized in that: It includes a frame (1); a workpiece and a tightening gun (2) are provided on the frame (1); a screw (3) is connected to the workpiece; a gasket (301) is connected to the screw (3); the tightening gun (2) includes an outer sleeve (4); an inner sleeve (5) is provided in the outer sleeve (4); a bit (6) is provided in the inner sleeve (5); the screw (3) is arranged in the outer sleeve (4) and is in tight contact with the inner sleeve (5) and the bit (6); a laser rangefinder (7) is provided on the tightening gun (2); a reflector (8) is provided on the inner sleeve (5); the reflector (8) is arranged on one side of the laser rangefinder (7); an abutting head (9) is provided at the end of the outer sleeve (4); a positioning assembly is provided on the abutting head (9); the gasket (301) is arranged in the abutting head (9).

2. The automatic screw locking device according to claim 1, wherein: The tightening gun (2) includes a mounting housing (201); a bit motor is provided in the mounting housing (201); the bit motor is connected to the bit (6); the end of the outer sleeve (4) away from the abutting head (9) is arranged on the mounting housing (201); a sliding groove (401) is provided on the outer sleeve (4); a connecting block (501) is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (5); the reflector (8) is sleeved on the outer sleeve (4); the connecting block (501) is arranged in the sliding groove (401) and the connecting block (501) is connected to the reflector (8).

3. An automatic screw locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the outer sleeve (4) close to the abutting head (9) is provided with an outer sleeve end (402); a tension spring (801) is connected to the side of the reflector (8) away from the laser rangefinder (7); the tension spring (801) is connected to the outer sleeve end (402).

4. An automatic screw locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of positioning grooves (901) are provided on the abutting head (9); the positioning assembly includes a positioning block (902); the positioning block (902) is arranged in the positioning groove (901) and the positioning block (902) is in tight contact with the outer edge of the gasket (301); a pushing ring (903) is sleeved on the abutting head (9); one side of the pushing ring (903) is in tight contact with the positioning block (902), and the other side of the pushing ring (903) is connected to a connecting ring (904); the connecting ring (904) is connected to an elastic telescopic rod (905); the elastic telescopic rod (905) is connected to the reflector (8).

5. An automatic screw locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the abutting head (9) close to the outer sleeve end (402) is provided with a first mounting lug (906); a second mounting lug (907) is provided on the outer sleeve end (402); a pressure sensor (10) is provided between the first mounting lug (906) and the second mounting lug (907); a torque motor (11) is provided in the mounting housing (201); the torque motor (11) is connected to a test wheel (111); a gear tooth (403) is provided at one end of the outer sleeve (4) close to the mounting housing (201); the test wheel (111) is meshed with the gear tooth (403).

6. An automatic screw locking device according to any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that: On both sides of the positioning block (902), limit plates (12) are provided; a return spring (121) is provided between the limit plates (12) and the abutting head (9); the positioning block (902) is provided with an inclined surface (122); the pushing ring (903) abuts tightly against the inclined surface (122); at the end of the abutting head (9) close to the workpiece, a contact sensor and a plurality of balls (123) are provided; at one end of the positioning block (902) close to the gasket (301), an anti-slip cushion layer (124) is provided.

7. An automatic screw locking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bit (6) includes a connecting groove (601); a bit projection (602) is provided in the connecting groove (601); a movable plate (502) is provided in the inner sleeve (5); the movable plate (502) is sleeved on the bit projection (602); a pressure air pipe (503) is connected to the inner sleeve (5); an air pump (202) is provided on the mounting housing (201); the air pump (202) is connected to the pressure air pipe (503); the screw (3) includes a nut (302) and a screw rod (303); the pressure air pipe (503) is arranged on one side of the movable plate (502) away from the nut (302); a screw groove is provided on the nut (302), and the bit projection (602) is arranged in the screw groove.

8. An automatic screw locking device according to claim 7, wherein: The inner sleeve (5) is provided with a ventilation hole (13); a dust removal box (131) and a dust removal hole (132) are provided on the outer sleeve (4); the dust removal hole (132) communicates with the inside of the outer sleeve (4), and the dust removal hole (132) is arranged on one side of the screw rod (303); the ventilation hole (13) is connected with a ventilation pipe (133); the ventilation pipe (133) communicates with the dust removal box (131); the movable plate (502) is connected with a baffle (134); the baffle (134) is arranged on one side of the ventilation hole (13); an air outlet groove (404) is provided on the outer sleeve (4).

9. An automatic screw locking device according to any one of claims 7-8, characterized in that: The frame (1) includes a conveyor line (14); the workpiece is arranged on the conveyor line (14); an installation frame (15) is provided at the top of the conveyor line (14); a moving component is connected to the installation frame (15); the moving component includes an upper plate (151), a transverse cylinder (152) and a vertical cylinder (153); a vertical cylinder (154) is connected to the bottom of the upper plate (151); the vertical cylinder (154) is connected with a pressing plate (155); the pressing plate (155) presses tightly on the workpiece; A transverse guide rail (16) is provided on the top surface of the upper plate (151); a transverse moving plate (161) is connected to the transverse guide rail (16); the transverse moving plate (161) is connected with the transverse cylinder (152); a vertical guide rail (162) is provided on the top surface of the transverse moving plate (161); a vertical moving plate (163) is arranged on the vertical guide rail (162); the vertical moving plate (163) is connected with the vertical cylinder (153). On the side of the vertical moving plate (163) away from the vertical cylinder (153), there is a mounting plate (164); a guide groove is provided in the mounting plate (164); a vertically moving plate (165) is provided in the guide groove; a top plate (166) is provided at the top of the vertically moving plate (165); a driving cylinder (167) is connected to the vertical moving plate (163); the driving cylinder (167) is connected to the top plate (166); the tightening gun (2) is connected to one end of the vertically moving plate (165) away from the top plate (166).

10. An automatic screw locking device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The conveyor line (14) includes a mounting table (141); a relief groove (142) is provided at the top of the mounting table (141); a mounting groove (143) is provided on the side of the mounting table (141); a plurality of conveyor rollers (144) are provided in the mounting table (141); the conveyor rollers (144) are connected with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is arranged in the mounting groove (143); the conveyor rollers (144) protrude from the relief groove (142); the end of the mounting table (141) is connected with a transmission motor (145); the transmission motor (145) is connected with a sprocket; a transmission chain is connected to the sprocket; the transmission chain is connected with the rotating shaft.

Images