An ecological restoration substrate based on recycled material and a method for its production

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological restoration substrate based on recycled materials and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration. The ecological restoration substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of gel material, 45-60 parts of self-made modified recycled aggregate, 4-9 parts of self-made modified straw fiber, 3-8 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 3-5 parts of a pH regulator, 1-2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 40-60 parts of water. The ecological restoration substrate greatly improves the path of damage of the ecological restoration substrate, so that the ecological restoration substrate has excellent repair durability, and the ecological restoration substrate with a more stable continuous pore structure can also provide a longer and better growth adhesion base and a water vapor channel for plants, thereby achieving more excellent ecological restoration function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically, it relates to an ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the generation of various solid wastes has increased dramatically, becoming a global environmental problem. Not only do they occupy vast amounts of land resources, but improper storage or disposal can also cause secondary pollution of soil, water, and air, seriously threatening the ecological environment and human health. Traditional treatment methods such as landfill and stockpiling are not only inefficient but also fail to fully utilize the resource value they contain, contradicting the concepts of sustainable development and a circular economy. Therefore, how to achieve large-scale, high-value-added resource utilization of these solid wastes has become a key issue urgently needing to be addressed in environmental engineering, materials science, and other fields.

[0003] At the same time, mining, construction, and soil erosion have caused widespread land degradation and ecosystem damage. Damaged areas often exhibit characteristics such as infertile soil, structural damage, poor water retention capacity, and difficulty in vegetation recovery, requiring urgent and effective ecological restoration.

[0004] The existing technology, such as Chinese invention patent application number CN201510359236.9, discloses an ecological restoration greening substrate for steep slope reinforcement and its preparation method, including the following steps: 1) By weight, mix 5-15 parts of low-alkali sulfoaluminate cement, 5-20 parts of perlite, 5-40 parts of peat moss, 5-10 parts of palm fiber, 5-10 parts of activated silica, and 5-10 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin evenly to obtain A; 2) Mix 8-20 parts of dichlorotetrafluoroethane, 2-8 parts of bone glue powder, and 10-30 parts of water evenly to obtain B; 3) Add 8-10 parts of peat moss to 5-8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and mix evenly to obtain a slurry, and add 15-40 parts of selected seeds to the slurry and mix evenly to obtain C; 4) Mix A and C evenly to obtain a mixture; 5) Mix B with the mixture obtained in step 4) evenly to obtain an ecological restoration greening substrate for steep slope reinforcement.

[0005] The substrates in the aforementioned existing technologies lack long-term durability, weather resistance, and stability in wet-dry cycles. In particular, organic binders such as urea-formaldehyde resin and bone glue powder are prone to decomposition in the natural environment, which may lead to damage to the substrate structure and affect the long-term greening effect.

[0006] Furthermore, existing traditional ecological restoration methods, such as backfilling with topsoil, are costly and have limited soil sources. While simply using organic mulch or geotextiles can provide some short-term coverage and water retention, they are insufficient for long-term stability in areas with high structural stability requirements or severe erosion, such as slopes and embankments. They cannot maintain the continuous pore structure of the ecological restoration matrix for a long time and are easily damaged or blocked prematurely by freeze-thaw cycles, weathering, etc., which restricts its permeability, aeration, and the growth space of plant roots.

[0007] Therefore, in order to fill the technological gap in the market, this application provides an ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials and its preparation method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the deficiencies in the aforementioned technical solutions, the present invention aims to provide an ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials and its preparation method. This objective can be achieved through the following technical solution: An ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials, by weight, comprises: 10-20 parts gel material, 45-60 parts self-made modified recycled aggregate, 4-9 parts self-made modified straw fiber, 3-8 parts biochar, 10-20 parts coconut coir, 1-2 parts slow-release compound fertilizer, and 40-60 parts water.

[0009] The gel material is a recycled material-based gel material, and its composition by weight is as follows: 35-45 parts waste steel slag powder, 5-10 parts desulfurized gypsum, 25-35 parts fly ash, 8-15 parts waste ceramic powder, and 5-10 parts carbide slag.

[0010] The waste steel slag powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of ​​400-500 m² / kg;

[0011] The desulfurized gypsum in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of ​​350-450 m² / kg;

[0012] The waste ceramic powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 600 m² / kg;

[0013] The carbide slag in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 400 m² / kg;

[0014] The fly ash fineness in the gel material meets the requirements for Class II fly ash.

[0015] The pH adjuster is composed of humic acid powder and phosphogypsum powder in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0016] The slow-release compound fertilizer is composed of polyurethane-coated urea, potassium sulfate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0017] The method for preparing the self-made modified recycled aggregate is as follows: the rinsed and dried recycled aggregate is placed in a 12% (w / w) methyltriethoxysilane emulsion, the emulsion completely submerges the recycled aggregate, and the soaking time is 36 hours. During the soaking process, the aggregate is stirred thoroughly every 8 hours to ensure that the surface of the recycled aggregate can fully contact the methyltriethoxysilane emulsion. After soaking, the recycled aggregate is removed and dried thoroughly at room temperature to obtain the self-made modified recycled aggregate.

[0018] The recycled aggregate is a continuously graded aggregate with a particle size of 5~20mm.

[0019] The method for preparing the self-made modified straw fiber is as follows: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water are added to an ethanol solution and stirred thoroughly to form a mixed solution. Then, acetic acid is slowly added dropwise to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 4. After the pH stabilizes, magnetic stirring is continued for 30 minutes. Then, the dried straw fiber is completely immersed in the above mixed solution and reacted for 2 hours. During the immersion process, the straw fiber needs to be turned frequently to ensure that the mixed solution fully contacts the straw fiber. After the reaction is completed, the straw fiber is taken out and washed with ethanol to ensure that unreacted products are completely removed. Then, the washed straw fiber is placed in an oven and dried at 70 degrees Celsius to constant weight, thus obtaining the self-made modified straw fiber.

[0020] In the preparation process of the self-made modified straw fiber, the volume ratio of ethanol: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane: deionized water is 20:1:1.

[0021] The straw fiber is specifically rice straw, with an average length of 6 mm, an oil absorption rate of 8%, a moisture content of 4%, and a pH value of 7.0.

[0022] A method for preparing a gel material based on recycled materials: Weighed waste steel slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, waste ceramic powder, and carbide slag are added to a double helical conical mixer and dry-mixed for 30 minutes. After all components are evenly distributed, the gel material based on recycled materials is prepared.

[0023] An ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials: First, self-made modified recycled aggregate and some water are added to a mixer and stirred to fully wet the surface of the self-made modified recycled aggregate; then gel material, biochar, coconut coir, pH adjuster, and slow-release compound fertilizer are added, and stirring is continued for 10 minutes; finally, self-made modified straw fiber and the remaining water are added, and stirring is continued for 3 minutes to prepare the ecological restoration matrix.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The self-made modified recycled aggregate introduced into the ecological restoration matrix of this application is soaked in methyltriethoxysilane emulsion for a long time. The ethoxy groups in the emulsion react with water to generate silanol groups. Since it is recycled aggregate, its surface contains hydroxyl groups from old cement paste. The silanol groups react with the hydroxyl groups to form stable covalent bonds, thereby grafting methyltriethoxysilane onto the surface of the recycled aggregate. This can reduce the water absorption of the recycled aggregate, thereby improving the compressive strength of the ecological restoration matrix and improving its freeze-thaw resistance.

[0026] 2. The self-made modified straw fiber introduced into the ecological restoration matrix of this application can enhance the compatibility and bonding strength between straw fiber and cementitious materials through the reaction of N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and straw fiber, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the ecological restoration matrix; and when the matrix cracks, it can more effectively transfer stress and absorb more energy through bridging, thereby improving the toughness and stability of the ecological restoration matrix.

[0027] 3. The ecological restoration substrate of this application, through the synergistic effect of self-made modified recycled aggregate and self-made modified straw fiber, greatly improves the path of destruction of the ecological restoration substrate, giving it excellent restoration durability. Through synergistic effect, the ecological restoration substrate can maintain its continuous pore structure over a long period of time, preventing premature damage and blockage due to freeze-thaw cycles, weathering, etc., and ensuring the long-term effectiveness of its water permeability, air permeability, and plant root growth space. The more durable ecological restoration substrate with a more stable continuous pore structure can also provide plants with a longer-lasting and better growth attachment medium and water and air channels, thereby achieving a superior ecological restoration function.

[0028] 4. The ecological restoration matrix formula of this application uses a large amount of low-carbon and environmentally friendly raw materials such as industrial waste and recycled materials, which not only reduces carbon emissions but also realizes the recycling of resources. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are for explanation only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, regarding numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0030] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0031] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0032] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0033] In the following examples, "parts" refers to parts by weight.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] An ecological restoration substrate, by weight, comprises the following: 10 parts gel material, 45 parts self-made modified recycled aggregate, 4 parts self-made modified straw fiber, 3 parts biochar, 10 parts coconut coir, 3 parts pH adjuster, 1 part slow-release compound fertilizer, and 40 parts water.

[0036] The gel material is a recycled material-based gel material, and its composition by weight is as follows: 35 parts waste steel slag powder, 5 parts desulfurized gypsum, 25 parts fly ash, 8 parts waste ceramic powder, and 5 parts carbide slag.

[0037] The waste steel slag powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of ​​400-500 m² / kg;

[0038] The desulfurized gypsum in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of ​​350-450 m² / kg.

[0039] The waste ceramic powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 600 m² / kg;

[0040] The carbide slag in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 400 m² / kg;

[0041] The fly ash fineness in the gel material meets the requirements for Class II fly ash.

[0042] The pH adjuster is composed of humic acid powder and phosphogypsum powder in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0043] The preparation method of the gel material based on recycled materials is as follows: Weighed waste steel slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, waste ceramic powder, and carbide slag are added to a double helix conical mixer and dry-mixed for 30 minutes. After all components are evenly distributed, the gel material based on recycled materials is prepared.

[0044] The method for preparing the self-made modified recycled aggregate is as follows: the rinsed and dried recycled aggregate is placed in a 12% (w / w) methyltriethoxysilane emulsion, the emulsion completely submerges the recycled aggregate, and the soaking time is 36 hours. During the soaking process, the aggregate is stirred thoroughly every 8 hours to ensure that the surface of the recycled aggregate can fully contact the methyltriethoxysilane emulsion. After soaking, the recycled aggregate is removed and dried thoroughly at room temperature to obtain the self-made modified recycled aggregate.

[0045] In specific implementation, the recycled aggregate is a continuously graded aggregate with a particle size of 5~20mm.

[0046] The method for preparing the self-made modified straw fiber is as follows: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water are added to an ethanol solution and stirred thoroughly to form a mixed solution. Then, acetic acid is slowly added dropwise to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 4. After the pH stabilizes, magnetic stirring is continued for 30 minutes. Then, the dried straw fiber is completely immersed in the above mixed solution and reacted for 2 hours. During the immersion process, the straw fiber needs to be turned frequently to ensure that the mixed solution fully contacts the straw fiber. After the reaction is completed, the straw fiber is taken out and washed with ethanol to ensure that unreacted products are completely removed. Then, the washed straw fiber is placed in an oven and dried at 70 degrees Celsius to constant weight, thus obtaining the self-made modified straw fiber.

[0047] In specific implementation, during the preparation of the self-made modified straw fiber, the volume ratio of ethanol: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane: deionized water is 20:1:1.

[0048] In specific implementation, the straw fiber is rice straw with an average length of 6mm, an oil absorption rate of 8%, a moisture content of 4%, and a pH value of 7.0, and is purchased from commercially available products.

[0049] In specific implementation, the slow-release compound fertilizer is composed of polyurethane-coated urea, potassium sulfate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; the polyurethane-coated urea is purchased from Jinan Xiangchunyuan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; the potassium sulfate is purchased from Zhengzhou Jiajie Chemical Products Co., Ltd.; and the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is purchased from Shandong Suian Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0050] A method for preparing an ecological restoration matrix: First, add self-made modified recycled aggregate and some water to a mixer and stir to fully wet the surface of the self-made modified recycled aggregate; then add gel material, biochar, coconut coir, pH adjuster, and slow-release compound fertilizer, and continue stirring for 10 minutes; finally, add self-made modified straw fiber and the remaining water, and continue stirring for 3 minutes to obtain the ecological restoration matrix.

[0051] In specific implementation, the coconut coir is dried coconut coir. During the preparation of the ecological restoration substrate, the dried coconut coir needs to be soaked in water before use, and the amount of water absorbed is 5 to 7 times the mass of the coconut coir.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] An ecological restoration substrate, by weight, comprises the following components: 12 parts gel material, 50 parts self-made modified recycled aggregate, 5 parts self-made modified straw fiber, 4 parts biochar, 13 parts coconut coir, 3.5 parts pH adjuster, 1 part slow-release compound fertilizer, and 45 parts water.

[0054] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, comprises the following: 38 parts waste steel slag powder, 6 parts desulfurized gypsum, 28 parts fly ash, 10 parts waste ceramic powder, and 6 parts carbide slag.

[0055] In Example 2, the preparation methods of the gel material based on recycled materials, the preparation methods of the self-made modified recycled aggregate, the preparation methods of the self-made modified straw fiber, and the preparation methods of the ecological restoration matrix are all the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] An ecological restoration substrate, by weight, comprises the following: 15 parts gel material, 53 parts self-made modified recycled aggregate, 7 parts self-made modified straw fiber, 6 parts biochar, 15 parts coconut coir, 4 parts pH adjuster, 2 parts slow-release compound fertilizer, and 50 parts water.

[0058] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, comprises the following: 40 parts waste steel slag powder, 8 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts fly ash, 12 parts waste ceramic powder, and 8 parts carbide slag.

[0059] In Example 3, the preparation methods of the gel material based on recycled materials, the preparation methods of the self-made modified recycled aggregate, the preparation methods of the self-made modified straw fiber, and the preparation methods of the ecological restoration matrix are all the same as those in Example 1.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] An ecological restoration substrate, by weight, comprises the following components: 18 parts gel material, 57 parts self-made modified recycled aggregate, 8 parts self-made modified straw fiber, 7 parts biochar, 18 parts coconut coir, 4.5 parts pH adjuster, 2 parts slow-release compound fertilizer, and 55 parts water.

[0062] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, comprises the following: 42 parts waste steel slag powder, 9 parts desulfurized gypsum, 32 parts fly ash, 14 parts waste ceramic powder, and 9 parts carbide slag.

[0063] In Example 4, the preparation methods of the gel material based on recycled materials, the preparation methods of the self-made modified recycled aggregate, the preparation methods of the self-made modified straw fiber, and the preparation methods of the ecological restoration matrix are all the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] An ecological restoration substrate, by weight, comprises the following: 20 parts gel material, 60 parts self-made modified recycled aggregate, 9 parts self-made modified straw fiber, 8 parts biochar, 20 parts coconut coir, 5 parts pH adjuster, 2 parts slow-release compound fertilizer, and 60 parts water.

[0066] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, comprises the following: 45 parts waste steel slag powder, 10 parts desulfurized gypsum, 35 parts fly ash, 15 parts waste ceramic powder, and 10 parts carbide slag.

[0067] In Example 5, the preparation methods of the gel material based on recycled materials, the preparation methods of the self-made modified recycled aggregate, the preparation methods of the self-made modified straw fiber, and the preparation methods of the ecological restoration matrix are all the same as those in Example 1.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] An ecological restoration substrate, by weight, comprises the following: 18 parts gel material, 57 parts recycled aggregate, 8 parts self-made modified straw fiber, 7 parts biochar, 18 parts coconut coir, 4.5 parts pH adjuster, 2 parts slow-release compound fertilizer, and 55 parts water.

[0070] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, comprises the following: 42 parts waste steel slag powder, 9 parts desulfurized gypsum, 32 parts fly ash, 14 parts waste ceramic powder, and 9 parts carbide slag.

[0071] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 is that the modification operation on the recycled aggregate was omitted, and the commercially available product was directly applied to the ecological restoration matrix.

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] An ecological restoration substrate, by weight, comprises the following components: 18 parts gel material, 57 parts self-made modified recycled aggregate, 8 parts straw fiber, 7 parts biochar, 18 parts coconut coir, 4.5 parts pH adjuster, 2 parts slow-release compound fertilizer, and 55 parts water.

[0074] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, comprises the following: 42 parts waste steel slag powder, 9 parts desulfurized gypsum, 32 parts fly ash, 14 parts waste ceramic powder, and 9 parts carbide slag.

[0075] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 4 is that the modification operation on straw fiber was omitted, and commercially available products were directly applied to the ecological restoration substrate.

[0076] Comparative Example 3

[0077] An ecological restoration substrate, by weight, comprises the following: 18 parts gel material, 57 parts recycled aggregate, 8 parts straw fiber, 7 parts biochar, 18 parts coconut coir, 4.5 parts pH adjuster, 2 parts slow-release compound fertilizer, and 55 parts water.

[0078] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, comprises the following: 42 parts waste steel slag powder, 9 parts desulfurized gypsum, 32 parts fly ash, 14 parts waste ceramic powder, and 9 parts carbide slag.

[0079] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 4 is that the modification operation on the recycled aggregate and straw fiber was omitted, and the commercially available products were directly applied to the ecological restoration matrix.

[0080] Test case

[0081] Compressive strength test: The compressive strength of the prepared ecological restoration matrix was tested in accordance with the "Standard for Test Method of Performance of Ordinary Concrete Mixtures", and the 7-day and 28-day compressive strengths were calculated.

[0082] Freeze-thaw resistance test: Refer to the slow freezing test conditions in standard GB / T 50082-2009 "Standard for Test Methods of Long-term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete". After 75 cycles of freeze-thaw, retest the compressive strength and record the compressive strength retention rate.

[0083] Substrate loss test: After the ecological restoration substrate is prepared into cylindrical samples with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm and solidified, the initial mass is first weighed and recorded. Then, the sample is placed under a water flow flushing device and flushed with water at a pressure of 0.5 MPa and a flow rate of 10 L / min for 60 minutes. The sample is then dried to constant weight, and the weight loss is recorded and calculated, which is the substrate loss.

[0084] Matrix stability test: After the ecological restoration matrix was prepared into 100mm×100mm×20mm plate-shaped samples and cured, a wet-dry cycle test was carried out. The sample was immersed in water for 24 hours and then dried in an oven at 60 degrees Celsius for 24 hours. The cycle was repeated 10 times to simulate changes in the natural environment. After the cycle, the sample surface was observed and the crack width and peeling were recorded.

[0085] Vegetation coverage: In a 1m×1m test plot, an ecological restoration substrate with a thickness of 100mm was laid to ensure uniform distribution; then, ryegrass was evenly sown on the substrate; at the time of sowing, the pH of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was measured to be between 6.5 and 7.5, and the sowing density was 100 seeds / m². 2 Maintain a greenhouse temperature of 25℃, 12 hours of light per day, and water regularly; after 3 months of growth, estimate the vegetation coverage of each cell using a grid method.

[0086] The results of various performance tests are shown in Table 1:

[0087] Table 1

[0088]

[0089] Comprehensive performance analysis: Examples 1-5 using the technical solution of this invention all have good compressive strength and compressive strength retention rate, and their performance indicators in terms of substrate loss, substrate stability and vegetation coverage are also excellent. The technical solution of this application has excellent ecological restoration function.

[0090] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 is that Comparative Example 1 omits the modification operation of the recycled aggregate and directly applies the commercially available product to the ecological restoration matrix. Unmodified recycled aggregate has inherent defects, with a high water absorption rate, which prevents it from achieving high mechanical properties. In contrast, the self-made modified recycled aggregate introduced in this application is soaked in methyltriethoxysilane emulsion for a long time. The ethoxy groups in the emulsion react with water to generate silanol groups. Since it is recycled aggregate, its surface contains hydroxyl groups from old cement paste. The silanol groups react with the hydroxyl groups to form stable covalent bonds, thereby grafting methyltriethoxysilane onto the surface of the recycled aggregate. This reduces the water absorption of the recycled aggregate, thereby improving the compressive strength of the ecological restoration matrix and enhancing its freeze-thaw resistance.

[0091] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 4 is that the modification of the straw fiber was omitted. Unmodified straw fiber contains a large number of hydroxyl groups, has strong hydrophilicity, easily absorbs water and swells, and has poor compatibility with the cementitious material matrix, which will greatly affect the uniformity and durability of the ecological restoration matrix. The reason why Example 4 of this application achieves such excellent performance is that the reaction between N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and straw fiber can enhance the compatibility and bonding strength between straw fiber and cementitious material, improve the mechanical properties of ecological restoration matrix, and more effectively transfer stress and absorb more energy through bridging when the matrix cracks, thereby improving the toughness and stability of ecological restoration matrix.

[0092] In Comparative Example 3, the modification of recycled aggregate and straw fiber was omitted, and commercially available products were directly applied to the ecological restoration substrate, resulting in the worst performance. Adding either self-made modified straw fiber or self-made modified recycled aggregate alone resulted in significant performance differences compared to Examples 1-5 of this application. This may be because the synergistic effect of the self-made modified recycled aggregate and self-made modified straw fiber greatly improves the pathways through which the ecological restoration substrate is damaged, giving it excellent restoration durability. Through this synergistic effect, the ecological restoration substrate can maintain its continuous pore structure over a longer period, preventing premature damage and blockage due to freeze-thaw cycles, weathering, etc., ensuring the long-term effectiveness of its water and air permeability and the growth space for plant roots. A more durable ecological restoration substrate with a more stable continuous pore structure can also provide plants with a longer-lasting and better growth substrate and water-air channels, thus achieving superior ecological restoration function.

[0093] Furthermore, although the self-made modified recycled aggregate and self-made modified straw fiber contained in the technical solution of this application are modified to make their surfaces hydrophobic and reduce the water absorption rate of the components themselves, the ecological restoration matrix of this application forms an ecological restoration matrix with continuous pores through continuous graded recycled aggregate. Water can still flow through the macroscopic pore network formed by the accumulation of recycled aggregate, and water can still be retained in the pore network of the ecological restoration matrix through capillary action and surface tension, thereby providing a good growth environment for plant growth.

[0094] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials, characterized in that, The composition by weight is as follows: 10-20 parts gel material, 45-60 parts self-made modified recycled aggregate, 4-9 parts self-made modified straw fiber, 3-8 parts biochar, 10-20 parts coconut coir, 3-5 parts pH adjuster, 1-2 parts slow-release compound fertilizer, and 40-60 parts water. The self-made modified recycled aggregate is prepared by the following method: the rinsed and dried recycled aggregate is placed in a methyltriethoxysilane emulsion, the emulsion completely submerges the recycled aggregate, and the soaking time is 36 hours. During the soaking process, the aggregate is stirred thoroughly every 8 hours to ensure that the surface of the recycled aggregate can fully contact the methyltriethoxysilane emulsion. After soaking, the recycled aggregate is removed and dried thoroughly at room temperature to obtain the self-made modified recycled aggregate. The self-made modified straw fiber was prepared by the following method: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water were added to an ethanol solution and stirred thoroughly to form a mixed solution. Acetic acid was then slowly added dropwise to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 4. After the pH stabilized, magnetic stirring was continued for 30 minutes. The dried straw fiber was then completely immersed in the above mixed solution and reacted for 2 hours. During the immersion process, the straw fiber needed to be turned frequently to ensure that the mixed solution fully contacted the straw fiber. After the reaction was completed, the straw fiber was removed and washed with ethanol to ensure that unreacted products were completely removed. The washed straw fiber was then placed in an oven and dried at 70 degrees Celsius to a constant weight, thus obtaining the self-made modified straw fiber. The gel material is a recycled material-based gel material, and its composition by weight is as follows: 35-45 parts waste steel slag powder, 5-10 parts desulfurized gypsum, 25-35 parts fly ash, 8-15 parts waste ceramic powder, and 5-10 parts carbide slag.

2. The ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste steel slag powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of ​​400-500 m² / kg; the desulfurized gypsum in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of ​​350-450 m² / kg; the waste ceramic powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 600 m² / kg; the carbide slag in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 400 m² / kg; and the fly ash in the gel material must meet the requirements for Class II fly ash.

3. The ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH adjuster is composed of humic acid powder and phosphogypsum powder in a mass ratio of 1:1; the slow-release compound fertilizer is composed of polyurethane-coated urea, potassium sulfate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1:

1.

4. The ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recycled aggregate is a continuously graded aggregate with a particle size of 5~20mm.

5. The ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation process of the self-made modified straw fiber, the volume ratio of ethanol: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane: deionized water is 20:1:

1.

6. An ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The preparation method of the gel material is as follows: weighed waste steel slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, waste ceramic powder, and carbide slag are added to a double helix conical mixer and dry-mixed for 30 minutes. After all components are evenly distributed, the gel material based on recycled materials is prepared.

7. The method for preparing an ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: First, add self-made modified recycled aggregate and some water to a mixer and stir to fully wet the surface of the self-made modified recycled aggregate; then add gel material, biochar, coconut coir, pH adjuster and slow-release compound fertilizer, and continue stirring for 10 minutes; finally add self-made modified straw fiber and the remaining water, and continue stirring for 3 minutes to prepare the ecological restoration matrix.

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