A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel dust removal, specifically a tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device, comprising a dust removal vehicle, a filter box mounted on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle, a filter system mounted inside the filter box, a dust removal chassis mounted on the right side of the filter box, a dust removal lifting elbow mounted on the top of the dust removal chassis, a dust suction inner pipe fixedly mounted on the right end of the dust removal lifting elbow, a dust suction main pipe coaxially sleeved and slidably mounted on the outer side of the dust suction inner pipe, main pipe dust suction holes are passed through the front and rear sides of the dust suction main pipe, a dust suction system is hingedly mounted on the front and rear sides of the dust suction main pipe, a dust removal main fan is mounted inside the dust removal chassis, a filter air inlet pipe connected to the interior of the filter box is mounted at the bottom of the dust removal chassis, a dust suction auxiliary fan is mounted inside the dust suction inner pipe, an air outlet is mounted on the top of the filter box, and an air outlet fan is mounted inside the air outlet. When the dust suction system of the present invention is unfolded outward, it can form an arched dust suction pipe network structure close to the inner wall of the tunnel, and can absorb and filter dust in multiple directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel dust removal, and in particular to a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] During the tunnel road construction process, drilling, blasting and mechanical operations will generate a large amount of dust, which will cause serious harm to the construction workers. Therefore, in order to protect the health of tunnel construction workers, ventilation and dust removal equipment is required during the tunnel road construction process.

[0003] According to the different dust prevention and control mechanisms, the prevention and control measures can be roughly divided into five categories: reduction, reduction, exhaust, removal and prevention. Dust reduction: spraying water on the face, wet drilling, wet spraying and water seal blasting; dust reduction: spraying or sprinkling water at the loading and transshipment points of transportation equipment, spraying water curtains to purify the air, spraying foam to reduce dust and adding wetting agents to the water; dust exhaust: using fans for ventilation, selecting the best wind speed and setting up dust curtains, mechanical sealing covers, return air duct dampers, etc.; dust removal: including filter-type dust collectors, dry dust collectors and wet dust collectors, etc.; dust prevention: wearing dust hats, dust masks, etc.

[0004] In actual work, the main means of preventing and controlling dust from tunnel construction is tunnel ventilation and dust removal. Most ventilation and dust removal devices discharge dust outside the tunnel through forced exhaust. However, during the dust removal process, the wind carries dust inside the tunnel, polluting the entire tunnel and endangering all construction workers working in the tunnel. Moreover, as the length of the tunnel increases, the dust removal effect of the ventilation and dust removal device is less than ideal.

[0005] Moreover, when in use, the existing ventilation and dust removal device absorbs air through a suction cylinder installed at a certain height and in a relatively fixed position, and then discharges the air out of the tunnel through a pipe. The air in the upper layer of the tunnel space is absorbed first, and the dust in the lower layer of the tunnel space needs to move upward with the air flow, and the dust will also spread everywhere during the process of moving upward, resulting in a long absorption time. Therefore, the existing ventilation and dust removal device not only needs to have a large power, but also needs to increase the number of dust removal devices as the length of the tunnel increases.

[0006] When a large amount of dust is generated inside the tunnel, not only is visibility low, but the dust can also cause harm to construction workers. Therefore, when ventilating and dust removing the tunnel, construction workers must stop work and evacuate. Construction can only continue after the dust inside the tunnel is cleaned. Each ventilation and dust removal takes about 15-30 minutes. When resuming construction, the construction machinery must be started, preheated, and debugged. The time consumed will affect the progress of the entire project.

[0007] Therefore, based on the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] The dust collecting box is connected with the dust collecting device by the support structure, the support structure and the filter element of the dust collecting box being connected with the support structure.

[0011] Preferably, the dust collection system includes a branch pipe hinge seat, a dust collection branch pipe, a branch pipe bellows, and a branch pipe dust collection port;

[0012] The outer surface of the dust suction main pipe is fixedly installed with branch pipe hinge seats located on the left and right sides of each main dust suction hole. The dust suction branch pipe is arc-shaped, and each dust suction branch pipe is hinged to each other with the branch pipe hinge seat through the hinge axis on its outer side. A branch pipe bellows is fixedly installed between each dust suction branch pipe and the corresponding main dust suction hole, and each dust suction branch pipe has multiple branch pipe dust suction ports passing through the side facing the dust suction main pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the dust collection system further comprises a dust collection straight branch pipe, a straight branch pipe hinge seat, a straight branch pipe bellows, and a straight branch pipe dust collection port;

[0014] The end of each dust suction branch pipe away from the dust suction main pipe is hingedly connected to a dust suction straight branch pipe, and the outer surfaces of the dust suction branch pipe and the dust suction straight branch pipe are fixedly installed with a straight branch pipe hinge seat, and the two are hinged to each other through the straight branch pipe hinge seat, so that the dust suction straight branch pipe can be flipped toward the inner side of the dust suction branch pipe, and a straight branch pipe corrugated pipe is fixedly connected between the top end of each dust suction straight branch pipe and the bottom end of the dust suction branch pipe, and the outer surface of each dust suction straight branch pipe is penetrated by a plurality of straight branch pipe dust suction ports facing the dust suction main pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a branch pipe clamping sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer side of each dust suction branch pipe and the dust suction straight branch pipe, and a branch pipe connecting rod is fixedly connected between every two adjacent branch pipe clamping sleeves on the left and right, so that the multiple dust suction branch pipes and the multiple dust suction straight branch pipes located on the same side of the dust suction main pipe form a whole.

[0016] Preferably, a main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the right side of the top surface of the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle, the hydraulic rod end of the main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder faces upward and is fixedly installed with a main pipe supporting arc plate, the inner side surface of the main pipe supporting arc plate abuts the outer wall of the dust collection main pipe, and a plurality of pulley grooves are opened on the inner side surface of the main pipe supporting arc plate, and a support pulley is rotatably installed in each of the pulley grooves, and the support pulley abuts the outer wall of the dust collection main pipe.

[0017] Preferably, a main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle for sliding left and right. The hydraulic rod end of the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder faces upward and is fixedly installed with a main pipe moving arc plate. The main pipe moving arc plate is fixedly connected to the left end outer wall of the dust suction main pipe. A main pipe moving slide rail is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle. A main pipe moving screw is rotatably installed between the left and right sides of the main pipe moving slide rail. A main pipe moving screw block that cooperates with the main pipe moving screw thread is installed in the main pipe moving slide rail. The main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the main pipe moving screw block. The main pipe moving motor connected to the main pipe moving screw is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle.

[0018] Preferably, a branch pipe base ring is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer side of the hydraulic rod of the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder, and branch pipe expansion hydraulic cylinders are hingedly installed on the front and rear sides of the branch pipe base ring. The branch pipe clamping sleeves of the two dust suction branch pipes located at the leftmost end of the dust suction main pipe close to the dust suction main pipe are fixedly installed with expansion shafts, and the hydraulic rod ends of each branch pipe expansion hydraulic cylinder are hinged to the expansion shaft located on the same side;

[0019] The outer sides of the branch pipe clamping sleeves close to the dust suction straight branch pipes on the two dust suction branch pipes located at the leftmost end of the dust suction main pipe are hingedly installed with straight branch pipe flip hydraulic cylinders, and the outer sides of the dust suction straight branch pipes hinged to the two dust suction branch pipes located at the leftmost end of the dust suction main pipe are fixedly installed with flip shafts, and the hydraulic rod ends of the straight branch pipe flip hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the flip shaft located on the same side.

[0020] Preferably, the filtration system comprises a filter screen tank, a filter screen mounting plate, and a filter screen;

[0021] A plurality of filter mesh slots are provided on the front side surface of the filter box, and the plurality of filter mesh slots are staggered left and right. A filter mesh mounting plate corresponding to the position of each filter mesh slot is fixedly mounted on the front side surface of the filter box, and a filter mesh located inside the filter box is fixedly mounted on each of the filter mesh mounting plates. Every two adjacent filter meshes are staggered left and right, and each filter mesh is fitted with one side surface of the filter box and has a distance between it and the other side surface.

[0022] Preferably, the left and right sides of the bottom of the filter box are inclined, and an ash collecting trough is installed at the bottom, an ash collecting filter with an arc-shaped cross section is installed inside the ash collecting trough, an ash discharge auger is rotatably installed between the front and rear sides of the ash collecting trough and is located above the ash collecting filter, an ash discharge motor connected to the ash discharge auger is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle, an ash discharge port connected to the ash collecting trough is installed on the front side of the filter box, an exhaust pipe located below the ash collecting filter is passed through and fixedly installed on the rear side of the ash collecting trough, and a vibrator located below each filter is fixedly installed inside the filter box.

[0023] Preferably, a water separation tank is installed on the top of the filter box, and a plurality of backwash nozzles are installed equidistantly on the left and right sides of the interior of the filter box, and the plurality of backwash nozzles are all connected to the water separation tank.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. When in use, the dust collection lifting elbow can be moved upward so that the dust collection main pipe is close to the top of the tunnel, and then the dust collection main pipe can be moved axially to the right to extend it to the right side of the dust collection inner pipe, and then the dust collection system can be expanded outward to make it close to the inner wall of the tunnel, and then the dust collection main fan and the dust collection auxiliary fan are started. Dust can be collected through the dust collection system. The dust can enter the dust collection main pipe through the main dust collection hole, and then reach the inside of the dust collection chassis through the dust collection inner pipe and the dust collection lifting elbow, and enter the filter box from the filter air inlet pipe under the wind force of the dust collection main fan. The dust in the air is intercepted and filtered by the filtration system, and the filtered air is discharged from the air outlet pipe to the inside of the tunnel by the outlet fan, thereby realizing ventilation and dust removal inside the tunnel.

[0026] 2. When the dust removal lifting elbow moves upward so that the dust collection main pipe is close to the top of the tunnel, and all the dust collection branch pipes are expanded outward, multiple dust collection branch pipes can form an arched structure at the top of the tunnel and a dust collection pipe network that can cover a certain area, thereby being able to vacuum the area covered by multiple dust collection branch pipes.

[0027] 3. When multiple dust suction straight branches are flipped outward to a vertical state and close to the side wall of the tunnel, the multiple dust suction straight branches can increase the vertical coverage area on the basis of the dust suction network formed by the multiple dust suction branches, thereby forming a horizontal suction force on the dust in the lower layer of the tunnel space. Since the dust can be absorbed horizontally, the phenomenon of the dust being absorbed and moving upward and spreading everywhere and the long absorption time in the existing technology is avoided. The dust inside the dust suction network can be quickly absorbed, and the construction personnel can carry out construction on the heading face inside the dust suction network. The generated dust can be absorbed in real time without the need to stop work and evacuate.

[0028] 4. The mesh size of multiple filters increases from bottom to top. When the air containing dust enters the filter box from the filter inlet pipe, the air is pulled by the exhaust fan to flow toward the air outlet. The air passes through multiple filters to intercept the dust. When the air under each filter cannot be filtered in time, it can flow upward from the gap between the filter and the filter box to the bottom of the upper filter for filtration. The dust is intercepted and filtered by the filter again. The filtered air is discharged from the air outlet to the tunnel by the exhaust fan.

[0029] 5. When backwashing the filter: the air blows down the dust intercepted and filtered at the bottom of multiple filters from top to bottom, and the filter is vibrated with the vibrator to make the dust fall. The dust particles intercepted by the filter with a higher mesh number above are smaller and can pass through the multiple filters with a lower mesh number below it. Finally, the dust on each filter is blown into the ash collecting trough and intercepted and filtered by the ash collecting filter on its upper surface. The filtered air is discharged from the exhaust pipe, the valve on the ash discharge port is opened, and the ash discharge auger rotates to discharge the dust intercepted by the ash collecting filter on its upper surface from the ash discharge port, thereby completing the cleaning of multiple filters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention when installed on a dust removal vehicle.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a right side view of the present invention when being installed on the dust removal vehicle.

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Plane section view at AA in the middle.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the dust collection system of the present invention when deployed on a dust removal vehicle.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a right side view of the dust collection system of the present invention when it is deployed on the dust removal vehicle.

[0035] Figure 6It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the filtering system and the dust collection system of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the dust collection system of the present invention when it is extended to the right.

[0037] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the dust collection system of the present invention when extended to the right and unfolded.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a planar cross-sectional view of the dust collection system of the present invention when it is extended to the right and unfolded.

[0039] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0040] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0041] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0042] Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0043] Figure 14 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the filtration system of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 15 It is a planar cross-sectional view of the filtration system of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1. Dust removal vehicle; 2. Filter box; 3. Filter system; 4. Dust removal chassis; 5. Dust removal lifting elbow; 6. Dust suction inner pipe; 7. Dust suction main pipe; 8. Dust suction hole of main pipe; 9. Dust suction system; 10. Dust removal main fan; 11. Filter air inlet pipe; 12. Dust suction auxiliary fan; 13. Air outlet; 130. Air outlet; 14. Branch pipe hinge seat; 15. Dust suction branch pipe; 16. Branch pipe bellows; 17. Branch pipe dust suction port; 18. Dust suction straight branch pipe; 19. Straight branch pipe hinge seat; 20. Straight branch pipe bellows; 21. Straight branch pipe dust suction port; 22. Branch pipe clamping sleeve; 23. Branch pipe connecting rod; 24. Main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder; 25. Main pipe support Arc support plate; 26. Pulley groove; 27. Support pulley; 28. Main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder; 29. ​​Main pipe moving arc plate; 30. Main pipe moving slide rail; 31. Main pipe moving screw; 310. Main pipe moving motor; 32. Main pipe moving screw block; 33. Branch pipe base ring; 34. Branch pipe opening hydraulic cylinder; 35. Opening shaft; 36. Straight branch pipe flipping hydraulic cylinder; 37. Flipping shaft; 38. Filter screen groove; 39. Filter screen mounting plate; 40. Filter screen; 41. Ash collecting trough; 42. Ash collecting filter screen; 43. Ash discharge auger; 44. Ash discharge motor; 45. Ash discharge port; 46. Exhaust pipe; 47. Vibrator; 48. Water distribution tank; 49. Backwash nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will refer to the attached Figures 1-15 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Various embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0047] A tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device, as shown in the attached Figure 1-15 As shown, it includes a dust removal vehicle 1, a filter box 2 is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle 1, and a filter system 3 is installed inside the filter box 2 for intercepting and filtering dust in the air. A dust removal chassis 4 is installed on the right side of the filter box 2, and a dust removal lifting elbow 5 is installed on the top of the dust removal chassis 4 and slides up and down. The right end of the dust removal lifting elbow 5 is fixedly installed with a dust suction inner pipe 6, and a dust suction main pipe 7 is coaxially sleeved and slidably installed on the outer side of the dust suction inner pipe 6. The two are sealed and slidably connected, and the dust suction main pipe 7 is fixedly installed on the right end of the dust suction inner pipe 6. The front and rear sides are penetrated by main dust suction holes 8, and the front and rear sides of the dust suction main pipe 7 are hingedly installed with dust suction systems 9, which are connected to the main dust suction holes 8. A dust removal main fan 10 is installed inside the dust removal chassis 4, and a filter air inlet pipe 11 connected to the interior of the filter box 2 is installed at the bottom of the dust removal chassis 4. A valve is installed on the filter air inlet pipe 11, and a dust suction auxiliary fan 12 is installed inside the dust suction inner tube 6. An air outlet pipe 13 is installed on the top of the filter box 2, and an outlet fan 130 is installed in the air outlet pipe 13.

[0048] When in use, the dust collection lifting elbow 5 can be moved upward to make the dust collection main pipe 7 close to the top of the tunnel, and then the dust collection main pipe 7 can be moved axially to the right to extend it to the right side of the dust collection inner pipe 6, and then the dust collection system 9 can be deployed outward to make it close to the inner wall of the tunnel, and then the dust collection main fan 10 and the dust collection auxiliary fan 12 can be started to collect dust through the dust collection system 9, and the dust can enter the dust collection main pipe 7 through the main dust collection hole 8, and then reach the interior of the dust collection box 4 through the dust collection inner pipe 6 and the dust collection lifting elbow 5;

[0049] After the dust-containing air enters the interior of the dust removal box 4, it enters the filter box 2 from the filter air inlet pipe 11 under the wind force of the dust removal main fan 10, and the dust in the air is intercepted and filtered by the filter system 3. The filtered air is discharged from the air outlet 13 to the inside of the tunnel by the outlet fan 130, thereby realizing ventilation and dust removal inside the tunnel.

[0050] As attached Figure 4-Figure 12 As shown, the dust collection system 9 includes a branch pipe hinge seat 14, a dust collection branch pipe 15, a branch pipe bellows 16, and a branch pipe dust collection port 17;

[0051] The outer surface of the dust suction main pipe 7 is fixedly mounted with a branch pipe hinge seat 14 located on the left and right sides of each main dust suction hole 8. The dust suction branch pipe 15 is arc-shaped. Each of the dust suction branch pipes 15 is hinged to the branch pipe hinge seat 14 through the hinge axis on the outer side thereof, so that each of the dust suction branch pipes 15 can swing forward and backward. Figure 4 、 Figure 8 As shown, when the dust removal lifting elbow 5 moves upward so that the dust collection main pipe 7 is close to the tunnel top, and all the dust collection branch pipes 15 are deployed outward, the multiple dust collection branch pipes 15 can form an arched dust collection pipe network at the tunnel top that can cover a certain area, thereby being able to collect dust in the area covered by the multiple dust collection branch pipes 15;

[0052] A branch pipe bellows 16 is fixedly installed between each of the dust suction branch pipes 15 and the corresponding main dust suction hole 8. When the dust suction branch pipe 15 swings, the branch pipe bellows 16 can expand and contract accordingly, thereby maintaining the connection between the dust suction branch pipe 15 and the main dust suction hole 8. Each of the dust suction branch pipes 15 is penetrated by a plurality of branch pipe dust suction ports 17 on the side facing the dust suction main pipe 7. Under the action of the fan, air containing dust can enter the interior of the dust suction branch pipe 15 from the branch pipe dust suction port 17, and then enter the dust suction main pipe 7 from the plurality of main dust suction holes 8, and finally enter the filter box 2 for purification and filtration.

[0053] As attached Figure 2-Figure 12 As shown, the dust collection system 9 further includes a dust collection straight branch pipe 18, a straight branch pipe hinge seat 19, a straight branch pipe bellows 20, and a straight branch pipe dust collection port 21;

[0054] Each of the dust suction branch pipes 15 is hingedly connected to a dust suction straight branch pipe 18 at one end away from the dust suction main pipe 7. A straight branch pipe hinge seat 19 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the dust suction branch pipe 15 and the dust suction straight branch pipe 18. The two are hinged to each other through the straight branch pipe hinge seat 19, so that the dust suction straight branch pipe 18 can be turned toward the inside of the dust suction branch pipe 15 (see attached Figure 2 and Figure 5 ), a straight branch pipe corrugated pipe 20 is fixedly connected between the top end of each dust collection straight branch pipe 18 and the bottom end of the dust collection branch pipe 15, so that the dust collection straight branch pipe 18 can maintain communication with the dust collection branch pipe 15 when it is turned over, and a plurality of straight branch pipe dust suction ports 21 facing the dust collection main pipe 7 are penetrated on the outer surface of each dust collection straight branch pipe 18. When vacuuming, dusty air can enter the interior of the dust collection straight branch pipe 18 from the straight branch pipe dust suction ports 21, then enter the interior of the dust collection main pipe 7 through the dust collection branch pipe 15, and finally enter the filter box 2 for purification and filtration;

[0055] When the multiple dust suction straight branch pipes 18 are flipped outward to a vertical state and approach the side wall of the tunnel, at this time, on the basis of the dust suction network formed by the multiple dust suction branch pipes 15, the multiple dust suction straight branch pipes 18 can increase the vertical coverage area, thereby being able to form a horizontal suction force on the dust in the lower layer of the tunnel space. Since the dust can be absorbed horizontally, the phenomenon of the dust being absorbed and moving upward and spreading everywhere and the long absorption time in the prior art is avoided. The dust inside the dust suction network can be quickly absorbed, and the construction personnel can carry out construction on the face inside the dust suction network. The generated dust can be absorbed in real time without the need to stop work and evacuate.

[0056] As attached Figure 1-12 As shown, a branch pipe clamping sleeve 22 is fixedly installed on the outside of each of the dust suction branch pipes 15 and the dust suction straight branch pipe 18. The branch pipe clamping sleeve 22 consists of two semicircular sleeves and is fixed to the outside of the dust suction branch pipe 15 and the dust suction straight branch pipe 18 by bolts. A branch pipe connecting rod 23 is fixedly connected between every two adjacent branch pipe clamping sleeves 22 on the left and right, so that the multiple dust suction branch pipes 15 and the multiple dust suction straight branch pipes 18 located on the same side of the dust suction main pipe 7 form a whole and can be supported and connected to each other.

[0057] When the device is not in use, the plurality of dust suction straight branch pipes 18 can be turned over and stored inwardly of the plurality of dust suction branch pipes 15, and then the plurality of dust suction branch pipes 15 can be turned over and stored in the direction of the dust suction main pipe 7, and then the dust suction main pipe 7 can be moved to drive the entire dust suction system 9 to move to the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle 1, so that it can be moved and stored in the interior of the vehicle compartment side panel of the dust removal vehicle 1 (refer to the attached Figure 1-Figure 3 ).

[0058] As attached Figure 6-Figure 13As shown, a main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder 24 is fixedly installed on the right side of the top surface of the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle 1. The main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder 24 is connected to the hydraulic oil pump installed on the dust removal vehicle 1, thereby providing hydraulic power for the main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder 24. The hydraulic rod end of the main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder 24 faces upward and is fixedly installed with a main pipe supporting arc plate 25. The inner side surface of the main pipe supporting arc plate 25 abuts the outer wall of the dust collection main pipe 7. A plurality of pulley grooves 26 are opened on the inner side surface of the main pipe supporting arc plate 25. A support pulley 27 is rotatably installed in each of the pulley grooves 26, and the support pulley 27 abuts the outer wall of the dust collection main pipe 7;

[0059] When the dust collection pipe 7 moves left and right, the pipe support arc plate 25 can support the dust collection pipe 7, and multiple support pulleys 27 can reduce the friction between the dust collection pipe 7 and the pipe support arc plate 25. When the hydraulic rod end of the pipe support hydraulic cylinder 24 extends or retracts upward or downward, it can drive the dust collection pipe 7 to move upward or downward, thereby driving the dust removal lifting elbow 5 to move up and down.

[0060] As attached Figure 6-Figure 13 As shown, a main moving hydraulic cylinder 28 is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle 1 for sliding left and right. The main moving hydraulic cylinder 28 is connected to the hydraulic oil pump installed on the dust removal vehicle 1, thereby providing hydraulic power for the main moving hydraulic cylinder 28. The hydraulic rod end of the main moving hydraulic cylinder 28 faces upward and is fixedly installed with a main moving arc plate 29. The main moving arc plate 29 is fixedly connected to the left end outer wall of the dust suction main pipe 7. The main moving arc plate 29 can also support the dust suction main pipe 7, and when the main moving hydraulic cylinder 28 is connected to the main support When the hydraulic rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 24 is synchronously extended and retracted upward or downward, the dust suction pipe 7 can be driven to move upward or downward. Since the main pipe moving arc plate 29 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the left end of the dust suction pipe 7, when the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder 28 moves to the right, the dust suction pipe 7 can be driven to move to the right, thereby driving the dust suction system 9 to be moved to the outside of the dust removal vehicle 1 for use. When the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder 28 moves to the left, the dust suction pipe 7 can be driven to move to the left, thereby driving the dust suction system 9 to be moved to the inside of the dust removal vehicle 1 for storage.

[0061] A main pipe moving slide rail 30 is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle 1, and a main pipe moving screw 31 is rotatably installed between the left and right sides of the main pipe moving slide rail 30. A main pipe moving screw block 32 threadedly engaged with the main pipe moving screw 31 is installed in the main pipe moving slide rail 30, and the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder 28 is fixedly installed on the top of the main pipe moving screw block 32. A main pipe moving motor 310 connected to the main pipe moving screw 31 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle 1. The main pipe moving motor 310 is connected to a power supply. When it is started in forward / reverse rotation, it can drive the main pipe moving screw 31 to rotate forward / reverse, thereby driving the main pipe moving screw block 32 to move left or right inside the main pipe moving slide rail 30, so that the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder 28 moves left and right, thereby realizing the left and right movement of the dust suction main pipe 7 and the dust suction system 9.

[0062] As attached Figure 2 、 Figure 5-Figure 11 As shown, a branch pipe base ring 33 is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer side of the hydraulic rod of the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder 28, and a branch pipe expansion hydraulic cylinder 34 is hingedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the branch pipe base ring 33. The branch pipe expansion hydraulic cylinder 34 is connected to the hydraulic oil pump installed on the dust collection vehicle 1, thereby providing hydraulic power for the branch pipe expansion hydraulic cylinder 34. The branch pipe clamping sleeve 22 of the two dust collection branch pipes 15 located at the leftmost end of the dust collection main pipe 7 near the dust collection main pipe 7 is fixedly installed with an expansion shaft 35. The hydraulic rod end of each branch pipe expansion hydraulic cylinder 34 is hinged to the expansion shaft 35 located on the same side;

[0063] On the outer sides of the branch pipe clamping sleeves 22 of the two dust suction branch pipes 15 located at the leftmost end of the dust suction main pipe 7, close to the dust suction straight branch pipe 18, a straight branch pipe tilting hydraulic cylinder 36 is hingedly installed. The straight branch pipe tilting hydraulic cylinder 36 is connected to the hydraulic oil pump installed on the dust removal vehicle 1, thereby providing hydraulic power for the straight branch pipe tilting hydraulic cylinder 36. The outer sides of the dust suction straight branch pipes 18 hinged to the two dust suction branch pipes 15 located at the leftmost end of the dust suction main pipe 7 are fixedly installed with a tilting shaft 37. The hydraulic rod ends of the straight branch pipe tilting hydraulic cylinders 36 are hinged to the tilting shaft 37 located on the same side.

[0064] During use, when the hydraulic rod end of the branch pipe spreading hydraulic cylinder 34 is extended or shortened, the multiple dust suction branch pipes 15 can be driven to expand outward or retract inward through the spreading shaft 35. When the multiple dust suction branch pipes 15 are expanded outward, the straight branch pipe flipping hydraulic cylinder 36 can be started to extend its hydraulic rod end outward, thereby driving the multiple dust suction straight branch pipes 18 to flip to a vertical state through the flipping shaft 37. The model can be selected or set so that when the hydraulic rod end of the branch pipe spreading hydraulic cylinder 34 is fully extended, the multiple dust suction branch pipes 15 are just in an arched structure, and when the hydraulic rod end of the straight branch pipe flipping hydraulic cylinder 36 is fully extended, the multiple dust suction straight branch pipes 18 are just flipped to a vertical state. The power source for the above operations all uses hydraulic cylinders, which is not only powerful but also simple to operate.

[0065] As attached Figure 3 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 14 、 Figure 15 As shown, the filtering system 3 includes a filter screen slot 38, a filter screen mounting plate 39, and a filter screen 40;

[0066] The front side of the filter box 2 is provided with a plurality of filter screen slots 38, and the plurality of filter screen slots 38 are staggered left and right. A filter screen mounting plate 39 corresponding to the position of each filter screen slot 38 is fixedly mounted on the front side of the filter box 2, and a filter screen 40 located inside the filter box 2 is fixedly mounted on each filter screen mounting plate 39. Every two adjacent filter screens 40 are staggered left and right, and each filter screen 40 is fitted with one side of the filter box 2 and has a spacing with the other side (refer to the attached Figure 14 and Figure 15 ), the mesh sizes of the multiple filters 40 increase from bottom to top;

[0067] During use, when the air containing dust enters the filter box 2 from the filter inlet pipe 11, the air is pulled by the air outlet fan 130 to flow toward the air outlet 13, and the air passes through multiple filter screens 40 to intercept the dust. When the air below each filter screen 40 cannot be filtered in time, it can flow upward from the gap between the filter screen 40 and the filter box 2 to the bottom of the upper filter screen 40 for filtration, and the dust is intercepted and filtered by the filter screen 40 again. The filtered air is then discharged from the air outlet 13 into the tunnel by the air outlet fan 130.

[0068] As attached Figure 14-15 As shown, the left and right sides of the bottom of the filter box 2 are inclined, and an ash collecting trough 41 is installed at the bottom. The bottom of the filter box 2 can be fixed to the bottom plate of the dust collection vehicle 1 by welding or bolting angle irons. An ash collecting filter 42 with an arc-shaped cross section is installed inside the ash collecting trough 41, and an ash discharge auger 43 located above the ash collecting filter 42 is rotatably installed between the front and rear sides of the ash collecting trough 41. An ash discharge motor 44 connected to the ash discharge auger 43 is installed on the bottom plate of the dust collection vehicle 1, and the ash discharge motor 44 is connected to a power supply.

[0069] After a period of use, the filter 40 needs to be cleaned. At this time, the valve on the filtered air inlet pipe 11 can be closed, and the valve of the exhaust pipe 46 can be opened. Then, the exhaust fan 130 can be started in reverse, so that the clean air outside is blown from the air outlet cylinder 13 to the inside of the filter box 2, so that the air can pass through multiple filters 40 from top to bottom in sequence and enter the dust collection tank 41. After passing through the dust collection filter 42 again, it is discharged from the exhaust pipe 46 to the outside of the filter box 2. In this process: the air blows down the dust intercepted and filtered at the bottom of multiple filters 40 from top to bottom, and vibrates the filter 40 with the vibrator 47 to cause the dust to fall. The dust particles intercepted by the filter with a higher mesh number at the top are smaller and can pass through the multiple filters with a lower mesh number 40 below it. Finally, the dust on each filter 40 is blown down to the dust collection tank 41 and intercepted and filtered by the dust collection filter 42. The filtered air is discharged from the exhaust pipe 46 on the upper surface, thereby completing the cleaning of the multiple filters 40. Then the valve on the ash discharge port 45 can be opened, and the ash discharge motor 44 can be started to drive the ash discharge auger 43 to rotate, so that the dust intercepted on the upper surface of the ash filter 42 can be discharged from the ash discharge port 45. A dust collection cart can be placed at the ash discharge port 45, or the ash discharge pipe can be connected through flanges and bolts for ash discharge. When the filter 40 has been used for a long time and the filtering effect cannot be achieved after backblowing cleaning, the filter mounting plate 39 can be removed and the filter 40 can be taken out for replacement. The ash filter 42 can also be set to be detachable like the filter 40. A slot for removing or installing the ash filter 42 is provided on the side wall of the ash collecting trough 41. The ash filter 42 is connected to a plate that can be fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the ash collecting trough 41, so as to realize the detachable installation of the ash filter 42.

[0070] As attached Figure 14-15 As shown, in order to achieve a better cleaning effect of the filter 40, a water separation tank 48 is installed on the top of the filter box 2, and a plurality of backwash nozzles 49 are equidistantly installed on the left and right sides of the interior of the filter box 2. The backwash nozzles 49 are located on the outside of a part of the interior of the filter box 2 and are provided with spray holes. The plurality of backwash nozzles 49 are all connected to the water separation tank 48, and the water separation tank 48 is connected to a water tank installed on the dust removal vehicle 1. The water tank supplies water to the inside of the water separation tank 48 through a water pump, and the water separation tank 48 supplies water to the inside of the plurality of backwash nozzles 49 at the same time. The plurality of backwash nozzles 49 can spray water downward from the top of the filter box 2, thereby backwashing the plurality of filters 40, so that the dust is washed away, and the ash collecting filter 42 can filter the sewage, and the filtered water is discharged from the exhaust pipe 46, and the dust is discharged by the ash discharge auger 43;

[0071] After cleaning is completed, the blower 130 can be started in reverse to blow the clean air from the outside from the air outlet 13 to the inside of the filter box 2, so that the air can pass through multiple filters 40 from top to bottom in sequence, thereby drying the filters 40, and finally the air is discharged from the exhaust pipe 46.

[0072] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component described must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0073] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0074] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device, comprising a dust removal vehicle, characterized in that: The dust collecting box is provided with a filter box on the bottom plate, and a filter system is provided inside the filter box. The dust collecting box is provided with a dust collecting lifting elbow on the right side of the dust collecting box, and a dust collecting inner pipe is fixedly installed on the right end of the dust collecting lifting elbow. The outer side of the dust collecting inner pipe is coaxially sleeved and slidably installed with a dust collecting main pipe. The front and rear sides of the dust collecting main pipe are penetrated by the main dust collecting holes, and the front and rear sides of the dust collecting main pipe are hingedly installed with the dust collecting system. The dust collecting main fan is installed inside the dust collecting box, and the bottom of the dust collecting box is provided with a filter inlet pipe connected with the interior of the filter box, and the interior of the dust collecting inner pipe is provided with a dust collecting auxiliary fan. The top of the filter box is provided with an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is installed in the air outlet pipe. The dust collection system includes a branch pipe hinge seat, a dust collection branch pipe, a branch pipe bellows, and a branch pipe dust collection port; The outer surface of the dust suction main pipe is fixedly mounted with branch pipe hinge seats located on the left and right sides of each main dust suction hole. The dust suction branch pipe is arc-shaped, and each of the dust suction branch pipes is hinged to the branch pipe hinge seat through the hinge shaft on the outer side thereof. A branch pipe bellows is fixedly mounted between each dust suction branch pipe and the corresponding main dust suction hole. Each dust suction branch pipe has multiple branch pipe dust suction ports running through the side facing the dust suction main pipe. The dust collection system also includes a dust collection straight branch pipe, a straight branch pipe hinge seat, a straight branch pipe bellows, and a straight branch pipe dust collection port; One end of each of the dust suction branch pipes away from the dust suction main pipe is hingedly connected to a dust suction straight branch pipe, and a straight branch pipe hinge seat is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the dust suction branch pipe and the dust suction straight branch pipe, and the two are hinged to each other through the straight branch pipe hinge seat, so that the dust suction straight branch pipe can be flipped toward the inner side of the dust suction branch pipe, and a straight branch pipe corrugated pipe is fixedly connected between the top end of each of the dust suction straight branch pipes and the bottom end of the dust suction branch pipe, and a plurality of straight branch pipe dust suction ports facing the dust suction main pipe are penetrated on the outer surface of each of the dust suction straight branch pipes; A main moving hydraulic cylinder is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle for sliding left and right; A branch pipe base ring is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer side of the hydraulic rod of the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder, and branch pipe expansion hydraulic cylinders are hingedly installed on the front and rear sides of the branch pipe base ring. An expansion shaft is fixedly installed on the branch pipe clamping sleeve close to the dust suction main pipe on the two dust suction branch pipes located at the leftmost end of the dust suction main pipe, and the hydraulic rod end of each branch pipe expansion hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the expansion shaft located on the same side; The outer sides of the branch pipe clamping sleeves close to the dust suction straight branch pipes on the two dust suction branch pipes located at the leftmost end of the dust suction main pipe are hingedly installed with straight branch pipe flip hydraulic cylinders, and the outer sides of the dust suction straight branch pipes hinged to the two dust suction branch pipes located at the leftmost end of the dust suction main pipe are fixedly installed with flip shafts, and the hydraulic rod ends of the straight branch pipe flip hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the flip shaft located on the same side.

2. A tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A branch pipe clamping sleeve is fixedly installed on the outside of each dust suction branch pipe and the dust suction straight branch pipe, and a branch pipe connecting rod is fixedly connected between every two adjacent branch pipe clamping sleeves on the left and right, so that the multiple dust suction branch pipes and the multiple dust suction straight branch pipes located on the same side of the dust suction main pipe form a whole.

3. A tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the right side of the top surface of the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle. The hydraulic rod end of the main pipe supporting hydraulic cylinder faces upward and is fixedly installed with a main pipe supporting arc plate. The inner side surface of the main pipe supporting arc plate abuts the outer wall of the dust collection main pipe. A plurality of pulley grooves are opened on the inner side surface of the main pipe supporting arc plate. A support pulley is rotatably installed in each of the pulley grooves, and the support pulley abuts the outer wall of the dust collection main pipe.

4. A tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic rod end of the main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder faces upward and is fixedly installed with a main pipe moving arc plate, and the main pipe moving arc plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the left end of the dust suction main pipe. A main pipe moving slide rail is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle, and a main pipe moving screw is rotatably installed between the left and right sides of the main pipe moving slide rail. A main pipe moving screw block that cooperates with the main pipe moving screw thread is installed in the main pipe moving slide rail. The main pipe moving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the main pipe moving screw block, and a main pipe moving motor connected to the main pipe moving screw is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle.

5. The tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration system includes a filter screen tank, a filter screen mounting plate, and a filter screen; A plurality of filter mesh slots are provided on the front side surface of the filter box, and the plurality of filter mesh slots are staggered left and right. A filter mesh mounting plate corresponding to the position of each filter mesh slot is fixedly mounted on the front side surface of the filter box, and a filter mesh located inside the filter box is fixedly mounted on each of the filter mesh mounting plates. Every two adjacent filter meshes are staggered left and right, and each filter mesh is fitted with one side surface of the filter box and has a distance between it and the other side surface.

6. A tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the bottom of the filter box are inclined, and an ash collecting trough is installed at the bottom, an ash collecting filter with an arc-shaped cross section is installed inside the ash collecting trough, an ash discharge auger is rotatably installed between the front and rear sides of the ash collecting trough and located above the ash collecting filter, an ash discharge motor connected to the ash discharge auger is installed on the bottom plate of the dust removal vehicle, an ash discharge port connected to the ash collecting trough is installed on the front side of the filter box, an exhaust pipe located below the ash collecting filter is passed through and fixedly installed on the rear side of the ash collecting trough, and a vibrator located below each filter is fixedly installed inside the filter box.

7. A tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water separation tank is installed on the top of the filter box, and a plurality of backwash nozzles are installed at equal intervals on the left and right sides of the interior of the filter box, and the plurality of backwash nozzles are all connected to the water separation tank.

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