Traffic information co-processing method based on Internet of Vehicles incentive announcement network

Abstract

The invention discloses a traffic information cooperative processing method based on an Internet of Vehicles incentive announcement network. The method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing the Internet of Vehicles incentive announcement network of a multi-organization alliance based on a block chain network; s2, issuing a task packet to the Internet of Vehicles incentive announcement network according to a query demand; s3, if the user finds event information related to the task packet, a user vehicle-mounted unit of the user serves as an initiator node to generate a request packet containing event characteristics and broadcasts the request packet to a specified geographical range; s4, if other users also detect event information related to the task packet, the user vehicle-mounted unit of the user serves as a responder node to generate and forward a response packet; and S5, when the number of the response packets received by the initiator node reaches a preset responder threshold value, the initiator node generates an aggregation certification announcement with a threshold value ring signature and submits the aggregation certification announcement to the manager node for verification, and the aggregation certification announcement comprises an event data aggregation result and an encrypted responder identity set.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transportation, and in particular to a traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network. Background Art

[0002] Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is a kind of mobile ad hoc network, in which vehicles can achieve direct interaction through vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2V) or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication (V2I).

[0003] In VANETs, vehicles can exchange information with each other and with the infrastructure, sharing data such as traffic congestion and road conditions. In addition, in the event of an accident, it can quickly notify the emergency services and provide them with accurate location information, thus significantly improving traffic safety. With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology and its wide application in VANETs, the concept of traditional vehicle networking has gradually evolved into an Internet of Vehicles (IoV) with intelligent interconnection and IoT characteristics. In this context, vehicles can not only achieve full interconnection and deep integration with the Internet, but also ensure efficient interconnection and communication with the help of advanced communication technologies. Through the interaction between roadside units (RSUs) and connected vehicles, the system can provide necessary data and services; at the same time, big data analysis technology is used to process the massive data generated by connected vehicles, so as to support intelligent decision-making and predictive maintenance. Because of its advantages such as decentralization and immutability, blockchain technology can establish a reliable trust mechanism in an environment lacking trust. Therefore, in order to build a robust, reliable and trustworthy vehicle networking system, introducing blockchain technology into vehicle networking has become an inevitable choice.

[0004] The vehicle announcement network is one of the most promising practical tools in intelligent vehicle communication and transportation systems. This network allows vehicles to send notification messages about road conditions (such as traffic congestion and accidents) to other vehicles, thus helping the latter use this information to choose a better route and avoid problem areas. However, the existing vehicle announcement network has the following serious defects: (1) The announcement protocol fails to achieve anonymity. Although threshold ring signature technology is embedded, the actual responders can still be easily identified. (2) There is a lack of a coinage mechanism, resulting in users being unable to obtain initial tokens to participate in the system, thus making it difficult for the system to start. (3)For users who participated in the announcement but did not receive the deserved rewards, no appeal channels or compensation mechanisms were provided; (4)The lack of a reward guarantee mechanism may lead to dishonest users posting irresponsible tasks or requests, thus disrupting the normal operation of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network, comprising the following steps: S1. Construct a vehicle networking incentive announcement network of a multi-organization alliance based on a blockchain network. The vehicle networking incentive announcement network is provided with a management unit and a number of user vehicle-mounted units. Each user vehicle-mounted unit is provided with a user's real identity, network identity, and one or more wallet addresses. The management unit authorizes the user vehicle-mounted unit to join the vehicle networking incentive announcement network and maintains a correspondence list between the user's real identity, network identity, and wallet address; S2. Publish a task package to the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to a query requirement. The task package includes an official task and a private task, and is respectively provided with an official token reward and a private token reward; S3. If a user discovers event information related to the task package, the user's vehicle-mounted unit serves as an initiator node to generate a request package containing event characteristics and broadcast it within a specified geographical range; S4. If other users also detect event information related to the task package, the user's vehicle-mounted unit of this user serves as a responder node to generate and forward a response package. The response package includes digitally signed witness data and encrypted identity information; S5. When the number of response packages received by the initiator node reaches a preset responder threshold, the initiator node generates an aggregated proof announcement with threshold ring signature and submits it to the manager node for verification. The aggregated proof announcement includes an event data aggregation result and an encrypted responder identity set; S6. The manager node verifies the validity of the aggregated proof announcement. If the verification passes, the manager node decrypts the responder identity information, looks up the wallet address corresponding to each responder through the maintained relationship list, respectively outputs the reward information of the initiator and the responder, and performs a delayed payment operation, records the reward information in the cache pool of the corresponding target user on the blockchain, and performs a token mixing payment after the target user completes the preset task quantity or reaches the preset payment time; S7. If the responder node does not receive the corresponding token reward, it submits an appeal packet containing the task index and timestamp to the manager node, triggering an on-chain verification and enforcement of the reward payment status.

[0007] Preferably, the official tasks are directly generated and uploaded by the manager node of the management unit to the Internet of Vehicles Information Consortium Chain. The reward tokens for the official token rewards are generated by the Internet of Vehicles Incentive Announcement Network itself. The private tasks are generated by the user vehicle-mounted unit and submitted for approval by the manager node before being released. And this user vehicle-mounted unit serves as a hunter node. The reward tokens for the private token rewards are prepaid by the hunter node to the manager node in the form of a deposit.

[0008] Preferably, the signature format of the task packet is: , where is the signature of the manager node for the task packet . The format of the task packet itself is: , where is the index of the task, is the task description, is the reward token; The format of the reward token payment transaction is: , where is the index of the transaction, is the input set, is the output set, and ts is the timestamp; The format of the deposit transaction of the hunter node is: , where is the index of the transaction, rid is the index of the request packet RQP, is the input set, is the output set, s is the timestamp.

[0009] Preferably, the announcement protocol process of the Internet of Vehicles Incentive Announcement Network includes an initialization phase, a key generation phase, a task request phase, a task reply phase, an announcement generation phase, an announcement verification phase, an appeal phase, and an appeal verification phase. And the algorithms used in each phase are Setup, KeyGen, Request, Reply, Announcement, Announcement Verify, Appeal, and Appeal Verify in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the management unit acts as a trusted party and generates the following parameters based on the Setup algorithm: Select parameter and parameter ; Select one additive group of order , whose generator is , where ; Select , calculate , set ; Select a symmetric encryption algorithm with a key space of ; ; Select a hash function , system public parameters , the master key is .

[0011] Preferably, the user vehicle identification number is used as the user's network identity , and based on the KeyGen algorithm, calculate the user private key and user public key for each user with a network identity . The formula for calculating the user private key is: . The formula for calculating the user public key is: , where is 's th bit position.

[0012] Preferably, the process of generating a request packet by the Request algorithm in the task request phase is as follows: S31. If the user discovers event information related to the task packet, the user's on-vehicle unit serves as the initiator node to generate a request packet containing event characteristics , the request packet describes the message , whose threshold is , and the ring size is ; S32. Randomly select , let , for each , select as its index, calculate , where is 's th bit position; S33. For each , select , and calculate , , ; S34. Calculate , ; S35, Usage point , , ,…, , construct a polynomial of degree ( on ; S36, Broadcast the request packet to the specified geographical range to invite other witnesses, where is the index number of the request packet .

[0013] Preferably, the process of the Request algorithm replying the response packet in the task reply phase is as follows: S41, If other users also detect the event information related to the task packet, the in-vehicle unit of this user acts as a responder node and obtains from the received request packet ; S42, Calculate ; S43, Select , calculate and ; S44, Select , calculate ; S45, The responder node generates a response packet , and forwards the response packet to the initiator node.

[0014] Preferably, the announcement process of the Announcement and AnnouncementVerify algorithms in the announcement generation phase and the announcement verification phase is specifically as follows: S5, When the number of response packets received by the initiator node reaches the preset responder threshold , generate an aggregated proof announcement , the aggregated proof announcement includes the aggregation result of event data and the encrypted responder identity set, where is the set of in the received response packet , if the of the responder who receives the response packet is in the set , discard the response packet , and the initiator node broadcasts the aggregated proof announcement Send to the manager node and at the same time Submit it to the blockchain, and its transaction format is , and the transaction has no outputs and inputs set; S61. The manager node obtains an aggregation proof announcement . For each , calculate , and check whether holds. If it does not hold, the manager node rejects the reception. If it holds, then go to step S62; S62. Calculate , randomly select a point from the aggregation proof announcement and points , and reconstruct the -degree polynomial ; S63. Check the remaining points in the aggregation proof announcement . If all points satisfy , then the manager node accepts that the aggregation proof announcement is valid; S64. The manager node decrypts the responder's identity , respectively outputs the reward information of the initiator and the responder in the aggregation proof announcement , and performs a delayed payment operation, records the reward information in the cache pool of the corresponding target user on the blockchain, and performs token mixing payment after the target user completes the preset task quantity or reaches the preset payment time.

[0015] Preferably, the appeal process of the Appeal and Appeal Verify algorithms in the appeal stage and the appeal verification stage is specifically as follows: S71. If the responder node does not receive the corresponding token reward, it submits an appeal package containing the task index and timestamp to the manager node , where the evidence ; S72. If , and , the manager node checks whether holds. If it does not hold, the appeal is rejected. If it holds, then go to step S73; S73. The manager node checks the aggregation proof announcement If it is valid, the appeal is accepted. The administrator node adds reward tokens to the responder node of the appeal and deducts the corresponding reward tokens from the corresponding initiator node. The administrator node sends the appeal package APP and the processing decision to the initiator node and the responder node respectively.

[0016] After adopting the above technical solution, compared with the background technology, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention provides a traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network. Users anonymously participate in tasks through threshold ring signatures and revoke anonymity when necessary to prove their participation in the tasks. The rewards are paid to anonymous wallet addresses through coin mixing, cutting off the direct association between the user's network identity and the wallet address. Except for the user himself, no one can judge whether the identities listed in the aggregated proof announcement are false responders or real responders. Attackers cannot analyze the task participation crowd through transaction graphs, and when necessary, real responders can prove their participation in the tasks by providing evidence.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network. The processing process has the property of non-forgery throughout. The aggregated proof announcement is a threshold ring signature, and at least responders are required to go on the chain. In the case of less than responder witnesses, the risk of single-point forgery is eliminated; all transactions in the blockchain network are signed by submitters, and payment transactions are non-forgeable; signature tasks are all signed by the administrator and are also non-forgeable; the index of the request package is placed in the deposit payment transaction, and the request package is broadcast together with the index of the transaction, so the request package cannot be forged.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides a traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network. Data packets are recorded on the blockchain in different ways. 、 and are directly submitted to the blockchain, while and submit their hash values as indexes to the blockchain. Due to the immutable nature of the blockchain itself, the constructed vehicle networking incentive announcement network also has the ability to prevent tampering.

[0019] 4. The present invention provides a traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network. Users must pay tokens in advance to submit user tasks and request packages and cannot carry out denial-of-service attacks themselves. And the tokens can be used to pay rewards. If users participating in tasks do not receive the rewards they deserve within the specified time, reward enforcement can be automatically triggered through an appeal, avoiding delays in manual intervention.

[0020] 5. The present invention provides a traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network, which supports official tasks (issued by manager nodes) and private tasks (issued by hunter nodes after prepaying a deposit), meets the needs of government supervision and individual users, and private task publishers need to pre-deposit reward tokens as a deposit for transactions to prevent the proliferation of malicious tasks. The reward tokens are temporarily stored in a cache pool and are mixed and paid after meeting preset conditions (task quantity or time threshold) to reduce the on-chain transaction load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present invention, when the calculation overhead diagrams of the request, reply, and verification phases; Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention, when the calculation overhead diagrams of the request, reply, and verification phases; Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present invention, when the communication overhead diagrams of the request, reply, and verification phases; Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, when the communication overhead diagrams of the request, reply, and verification phases; Figure 6 is the time overhead diagram of the transaction in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is the time overhead diagram of consensus reaching in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention discloses a traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network, including the following steps: S1. Based on the blockchain network, construct a vehicle networking incentive announcement network (ICreditCoin) of a multi-organization alliance. The vehicle networking incentive announcement network is set to include a management unit (MD), user on-vehicle units (OBUs), roadside units (RSUs), and a cloud application server (CAS), and respectively play the roles of five trusted parties 、 The administrator 、 The hunter 、 The initiator and the responder 。 The management unit includes multiple trusted authorities and administrators. The trusted authorities are used to authorize the generation of system parameters and master keys, and the administrators are used for task distribution, reward settlement, and appeal arbitration. The user vehicle unit includes an initiator and a responder. The initiator is used to discover task events and generate request packets, and the responder is used to respond to task broadcasts and generate response packets. The roadside unit serves as network infrastructure to assist in communication. The cloud application server is used to store task data and interact with the blockchain.

[0024] Each user vehicle unit is set with a user's real identity, network identity, and one or more wallet addresses. The management unit authorizes the user vehicle unit to join the vehicle networking incentive announcement network and maintains a list of correspondences between the user's real identity, network identity, and wallet addresses; S2. Publish task packets to the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to query requirements. The task packets include official tasks and private tasks, and are respectively provided with official token rewards and private token rewards; S3. If a user discovers event information related to the task packet, the user's vehicle unit serves as an initiator node to generate a request packet containing event characteristics and broadcast it within a specified geographical range; S4. If other users also detect event information related to the task packet, the user's vehicle unit serves as a responder node to generate and forward a response packet. The response packet includes digitally signed witness data and encrypted identity information; S5. When the number of response packets received by the initiator node reaches the preset responder threshold, the initiator node generates an aggregated proof announcement with threshold ring signatures and submits it to the administrator node for verification. The aggregated proof announcement includes the aggregated result of event data and the encrypted set of responder identities; S6. The administrator node verifies the validity of the aggregated proof announcement. If the verification passes, the administrator node decrypts the responder identity information, looks up the wallet address corresponding to each responder through the maintained relationship list, respectively outputs the reward information of the initiator and the responder, and performs a deferred payment operation. The reward information is recorded in the cache pool of the corresponding target user on the blockchain, and token mixing payment is performed after the target user completes the preset number of tasks or reaches the preset payment time; S7. If the responder node does not receive the corresponding token reward, it submits an appeal packet containing the task index and timestamp to the administrator node, triggering an on-chain verification and enforcement of the reward payment status.

[0025] Official tasks are directly generated and published by the manager node of the management unit and uploaded to the vehicle networking information alliance chain. The reward tokens of the official token rewards are generated by the vehicle networking incentive announcement network itself. Private tasks are generated by the user's on-vehicle unit and submitted for approval by the manager node before being published. Moreover, the user's on-vehicle unit acts as a hunter node, and the reward tokens of the private token rewards are prepaid to the manager node by the hunter node in the form of a deposit.

[0026] The signature format of the task package is: , where is the signature of the task package by the manager node ; The format of the task package itself is: , where is the index of the task, is the task description, is the reward token; The format of the reward token payment transaction is: , where is the index of the transaction, is the input set, is the output set, and ts is the timestamp; The format of the deposit transaction of the hunter node is: , where is the index of the transaction, rid is the index of the request packet RQP, is the input set, is the output set, s is the timestamp.

[0027] The announcement protocol process of the vehicle networking incentive announcement network includes an initialization stage, a key generation stage, a task request stage, a task reply stage, an announcement generation stage, an announcement verification stage, an appeal stage, and an appeal verification stage. Moreover, the algorithms adopted in each stage are Setup, KeyGen, Request, Reply, Announcement, Announcement Verify, Appeal, and Appeal Verify in sequence.

[0028] As a trusted party, the management unit generates the following parameters based on the Setup algorithm: Select parameters and parameter , where parameter is a security parameter that determines the bit length of the order of the additive group , and parameter determines the output length of the hash function , and it is in bits; Select one additive group of order , whose generator is , where ; Select , where is the multiplicative group modulo , is an element randomly selected uniformly from , calculate , is the public key of the th user, and the set ; Select a symmetric encryption algorithm with a key space of ; ; Select the hash function , the system public parameter , and the master key is .

[0029] The user vehicle identification number is used as the user's network identity , and based on the KeyGen algorithm, calculate the user private key and user public key for each user with the network identity . The formula for calculating the user private key is: , and the formula for calculating the user public key is: , where is the th bit of

[0030] The process of generating a request packet by the Request algorithm in the task request phase is as follows: S31. If a user discovers event information related to the task packet, the user's on-vehicle unit serves as the initiator node to generate a request packet containing the event characteristics , and the request packet describes the message , whose threshold is , and the ring size is ; S32. Randomly select , let , and for each , select as its index, and calculate , where is the th bit of S33. For each​​ , select , calculate separately , , ; S34. Calculate , ; S35. Use the point , , , …, , to construct a ([[]] -degree polynomial on ; S36. Broadcast the request packet within the specified geographical range to invite other witnesses, where is the index number of the request packet .

[0031] The process of the Request algorithm replying the response packet in the task reply phase is as follows: S41. If other users also detect the event information related to the task packet, the in-vehicle unit of this user acts as a responder node and obtains from the received request packet ; S42. Calculate ; S43. Select , calculate and ; S44. Select , calculate ; S45. The responder node generates a response packet , and forwards the response packet to the initiator node.

[0032] The announcement process of the Announcement and Announcement Verify algorithms in the announcement generation phase and the announcement verification phase is specifically as follows: S5. When the number of received response packets by the initiator node reaches the preset responder threshold , generate an aggregated proof announcement , and the aggregated proof announcement contains the aggregation result of event data and the encrypted responder identity set, where, is the set of in the received response packet , if the of the responder who receives the response packet In the set the response packet is discarded The initiator node announces the aggregate proof and sends it to the manager node, and at the same time submits it to the blockchain, and its transaction format is and the transaction has no outputs and inputs; S61. The manager node obtains an aggregate proof announcement For each calculate and check whether it holds. If it does not hold, the manager node rejects the reception. If it holds, go to step S62; S62. Calculate Randomly select a point from the aggregate proof announcement and points and reconstruct the( degree polynomial ; S63. Check the remaining points in the aggregate proof announcement If all points satisfy the manager node accepts that the aggregate proof announcement is valid; S64. The manager node decrypts the responder's identity and outputs the reward information of the initiator and the responder in the aggregate proof announcement respectively, and performs a delayed payment operation, records the reward information in the cache pool of the corresponding target user on the blockchain, and performs a token mixing payment after the target user completes the preset number of tasks or reaches the preset payment time.

[0033] The specific appeal process of the Appeal and Appeal Verify algorithms in the appeal stage and the appeal verification stage is as follows: S71. If the responder node does not receive the corresponding token reward, it submits an appeal packet containing the task index and timestamp to the manager node, where the evidence ; S72. If and the manager node checks whether it holds. If it does not hold, the appeal is rejected. If it holds, go to step S73; S73. The manager node checks the aggregate proof announcement If it is valid, the appeal is accepted. The administrator node adds reward tokens to the responder node of the appeal and deducts the corresponding reward tokens from the corresponding initiator node. The administrator node sends the appeal packet APP and the processing decision to the initiator node and the responder node respectively. If there are multiple appeal packets, the administrator node must first find the task with missing rewards.

[0034] Perform simulation analysis on the In-Vehicle Network Incentive Announcement Network (ICreditCoin) of this embodiment: Through simulation, compare the computational and communication overheads of our ICreditCoin and the existing CreditCoin. The simulation experiment is carried out in the environment of Windows10 subsystem, Debian-10.9, 11th generation Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-11370H @3.30 GHz, CPU×4, RAM16 GB and PBC-0.5.14 library. Use a.param as the input parameter file of the PBC library, and the parameter is the length of the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). When it can provide VINs, which is sufficient to meet the requirements of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). Use the elliptic curve encryption algorithm with a key length of 256 bits (32 bytes), and assume that the message ( ) size is 160 bytes.

[0035] Evaluation of the announcement protocol: The two main factors affecting the overhead of the announcement protocol are the ring size and the threshold . We have carried out simulation and analysis on them respectively.

[0036] (1) Computational overhead: When the computational overheads of the Request, Reply, and Verify phases are as Figure 2 shown: The computational overheads of ICreditCoin in the request phase are 273.604, 491.334, 709.064, and 926.794 milliseconds respectively, while the computational overheads of CreditCoin are 253.448, 461.188, 668.928, and 876.668 milliseconds respectively. The overhead of ICreditCoin is slightly higher than that of CreditCoin, increasing by about 15%. The main reason is that in order to avoid revealing the identity of false respondents, the calculation of the threshold polynomial is moved from the reply phase to the request phase.

[0037] The computational overheads of ICreditCoin in the reply phase are 15.810, 15.810, 15.810, and 15.810 milliseconds respectively, while those of CreditCoin are 25.640, 35.630, 45.620, and 55.610 milliseconds respectively. The overhead of ICreditCoin is significantly lower than that of CreditCoin, with a reduction of approximately 57%.

[0038] ICreditCoin and CreditCoin have the same computational overheads in the verification phase, which are 60.108, 90.158, 120.208, and 150.258 milliseconds respectively.

[0039] When , the computational overheads of the request, reply, and verification phases are as Figure 3 shown.

[0040] The computational overheads of ICreditCoin in the request phase are 545.287, 527.518, 509.749, 491.980, 474.211, 456.442, 438.673, 420.904, 403.135, and 385.366 milliseconds respectively, while those of CreditCoin are 486.330, 469.560, 452.790, 436.020, 419.250, 402.480, 385.710, 368.940, 352.170, and 335.400 milliseconds respectively. The cost of ICreditCoin is slightly higher than that of CreditCoin, with an increase of approximately 13%. The reason is also due to the need to enhance anonymity.

[0041] The computational overheads of ICreditCoin in the reply phase are 1.581, 3.162, 4.743, 6.324, 7.905, 9.486, 11.067, 12.648, 14.229, and 15.810 milliseconds respectively, while those of CreditCoin are 30.536, 31.102, 31.668, 32.234, 32.800, 33.366, 33.932, 34.498, 35.064, and 35.630 milliseconds respectively. The cost of ICreditCoin is significantly lower than that of CreditCoin, with a reduction of approximately 74%.

[0042] ICreditCoin and CreditCoin have the same computational overheads in the verification phase, which are 90.158, 90.158, 90.158, 90.158, 90.158, 90.158, 90.158, 90.158, 90.158, and 90.158 milliseconds respectively.

[0043] The simulation results show that ICreditCoin performs slightly worse in the request stage but has a significant advantage in the reply stage. Since the request stage only needs to run once while the reply stage needs to run times, ICreditCoin is significantly better than CreditCoin overall.

[0044] (2) Communication overhead: When the communication overheads in the request, reply, and verification stages are as Figure 4 shown: The communication overheads of ICreditCoin in the request stage are 544, 864, 1184, and 1504 bytes respectively, while those of CreditCoin are 1146, 2131, 3116, and 4101 bytes respectively. The communication overhead of ICreditCoin is significantly lower than that of CreditCoin, reduced by approximately 60%.

[0045] The communication overheads of ICreditCoin in the reply stage are all 163 bytes, while those of CreditCoin are all 131 bytes. The communication overhead of ICreditCoin is 32 bytes more than that of CreditCoin because we added the index of the request packet to in order to associate with .

[0046] The communication overheads of ICreditCoin and CreditCoin in the verification stage are the same, 2771, 4076, 5381, and 6686 bytes respectively.

[0047] When the communication overheads in the request, reply, and verification stages are as Figure 5 shown.

[0048] The communication overheads of ICreditCoin in the request stage are 1020, 1088, 1056, 1024, 992, 960, 928, 896, 864, and 832 bytes respectively, while those of CreditCoin are 3017, 2919, 2820, 2722, 2623, 2525, 2426, 2328, 2229, and 2131 bytes respectively. The communication overhead of ICreditCoin is significantly lower than that of CreditCoin, reduced by approximately 62%.

[0049] The communication overhead in the reply phase is the same as in the previous case.

[0050] ICreditCoin and CreditCoin have the same communication overhead in the verification phase, which is 4075, 4075, 4075, 4076, 4076, 4076, 4076, 4076, 4076, and 4076 bytes respectively.

[0051] The simulation results show that ICreditCoin has a significant advantage in the communication overhead in the request phase, while the communication overhead in the reply and verification phases is the same as that of CreditCoin.

[0052] Evaluation of the incentive mechanism: The two main factors affecting the performance of the incentive mechanism are the time overhead of generating transactions and the time overhead of reaching consensus. We used the Python 3 kernel in Jupyter Notebook of Anaconda3 to simulate 2000 transactions and 2000 Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) consensus, and the results are as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown. The analysis shows that the average time overhead for a single transaction is 168.549 milliseconds, and the average time to reach consensus is 1.007 milliseconds.

[0053] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Construct an incentive announcement network for the Internet of Vehicles of a multi-organization alliance based on a blockchain network. The incentive announcement network for the Internet of Vehicles is provided with a management unit and a number of user vehicle-mounted units. Each user vehicle-mounted unit is provided with a user's real identity, network identity, and one or more wallet addresses. The management unit authorizes the user vehicle-mounted unit to join the incentive announcement network for the Internet of Vehicles and maintains a correspondence list between the user's real identity, network identity, and wallet address; S2. Publish a task package to the incentive announcement network for the Internet of Vehicles according to the query requirement. The task package includes an official task and a private task, and is respectively provided with an official token reward and a private token reward; S3. If a user discovers event information related to the task package, the user's vehicle-mounted unit serves as an initiator node to generate a request package containing event characteristics and broadcast it within a specified geographical range; S4. If other users also detect event information related to the task package, the user's vehicle-mounted unit serves as a responder node to generate and forward a response package. The response package includes digitally signed witness data and encrypted identity information; S5. When the number of response packages received by the initiator node reaches a preset responder threshold, the initiator node generates an aggregated proof announcement with a threshold ring signature and submits it to the manager node for verification. The aggregated proof announcement contains the aggregation result of event data and the encrypted set of responder identities; S6. The manager node verifies the validity of the aggregated proof announcement. If the verification passes, the manager node decrypts the responder identity information, searches for the wallet address corresponding to each responder through the maintained relationship list, respectively outputs the reward information of the initiator and the responder, and performs a delayed payment operation, records the reward information in the cache pool of the corresponding target user on the blockchain, and performs token mixing payment after the target user completes the preset number of tasks or reaches the preset payment time; S7. If the responder node does not receive the corresponding token reward, it submits an appeal package containing the task index and timestamp to the manager node, triggering an on-chain verification and enforcement of the reward payment status.

2. The traffic information collaborative processing method based on the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to claim 1, wherein: The official task is directly generated and published and uploaded to the Internet of Vehicles information alliance chain by the manager node of the management unit. The reward tokens of the official token reward are generated by the incentive announcement network for the Internet of Vehicles itself. The private task is generated by the user vehicle-mounted unit and submitted for approval by the manager node and then published. And this user vehicle-mounted unit serves as a hunter node. The reward tokens of the private token reward are prepaid to the manager node by the hunter node in the form of a deposit.

3. The traffic information collaborative processing method based on the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to claim 2, wherein: The signature format of the task package is as follows: , where is the signature of the task package by the manager node . The format of the task package itself is as follows: , where is the index of the task, is the task description, is the reward token; The reward token payment transaction format is as follows: , where is the index of the transaction, is the input set, is the output set, and ts is the timestamp; The deposit transaction format of the hunter node is as follows: , where is the index of the transaction, rid is the index of the request packet RQP, is the input set, is the output set, s is the timestamp.

4. The traffic information collaborative processing method based on the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The announcement protocol process of the incentive announcement network for the Internet of Vehicles includes an initialization stage, a key generation stage, a task request stage, a task reply stage, an announcement generation stage, an announcement verification stage, an appeal stage, and an appeal verification stage. The algorithms adopted in each stage are Setup, KeyGen, Request, Reply, Announcement, AnnouncementVerify, Appeal, and Appeal Verify in sequence.

5. The traffic information collaborative processing method based on the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to claim 4, wherein: The management unit acts as a trusted party and generates the following parameters based on the Setup algorithm: Select parameters and parameters ; Select one additive group of order , whose generator is , where ; Select , calculate , set ; Select a symmetric encryption algorithm with a key space of ; ; Select a hash function , system common parameters , the master key is .

6. The traffic information collaborative processing method based on the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to claim 5, characterized in that: The user vehicle identification number serves as the user's network identity , and based on the KeyGen algorithm, calculate the user private key and user public key for each user with a network identity . The formula for the user private key is: . The formula for the user public key is: , where is the th bit of 7. The traffic information collaborative processing method based on the vehicle Internet of Things incentive announcement network according to claim 6, wherein: The process of generating a request packet by the Request algorithm in the task request phase is as follows: S31. If a user discovers event information related to a task package, the user's on-vehicle unit serves as the initiator node to generate a request packet containing event features , the said request packet describes the message , whose threshold is , and the ring size is ; S32. Random selection , let , for each , select as its index, calculate , where is 's th bit; S33. For each , select , and calculate , , ; S34. Calculate , ; S35, Usage point , , ,…, , construct a polynomial of degree on ; ; S36. Broadcast the request packet within a specified geographical range to invite other witnesses, where is the index number of the request packet .

8. The traffic information collaborative processing method based on the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of replying a response packet by the Request algorithm in the task reply phase is as follows: S41. If other users also detect event information related to the task package, the in-vehicle unit of this user acts as a responder node and obtains it from the received request packet among ; S42. Calculate ; S43. Select , calculate and ; S44. Select , calculate ; S45. The responder node generates a response packet , and forwards the response packet to the initiator node.

9. The traffic information collaborative processing method based on the vehicle networking incentive announcement network according to claim 8, wherein: The specific announcement process of the Announcement and Announcement Verify algorithms in the announcement generation phase and the announcement verification phase is as follows: S5. When the number of response packets received by the initiator node reaches a preset responder threshold , an aggregated proof announcement is generated , and the aggregated proof announcement includes the aggregation result of event data and the encrypted responder identity set. Among them, is the set of received response packets in . If the of the responder who receives the response packet is in the set , the response packet is discarded . The initiator node sends the aggregated proof announcement to the manager node and simultaneously submits to the blockchain. Its transaction format is , and the transaction has no outputs and inputs set; S61. The manager node obtains an aggregated proof announcement , for each , calculate , and check whether it holds. If it does not hold, the manager node refuses to receive it. If it holds, go to step S62; S62. Calculation , randomly select a point from the aggregated proof announcement and points , and reconstruct ( degree polynomial ; S63. Check the aggregated proof announcement for the remaining points in it. If all points are satisfied , then the manager node accepts the aggregated proof announcement as valid; S64. The administrator node decrypts the responder identity , and respectively outputs the reward information of the initiator and the responder in the aggregation proof announcement, and performs a deferred payment operation, records the reward information in the cache pool of the corresponding target user on the blockchain, and performs token mixing payment after the target user completes the preset task quantity or reaches the preset payment time.

10. A traffic information collaborative processing method based on a vehicle networking incentive announcement network as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The specific appeal process of the Appeal and Appeal Verify algorithms in the appeal phase and the appeal verification phase is as follows: S71. If the responder node does not receive the corresponding token reward, submit an appeal packet containing the task index and timestamp to the manager node , where the evidence ; S72. If and , the manager node checks to see if it holds. If it does not hold, the appeal is rejected. If it holds, go to step S73; S73. The administrator node checks the validity of the aggregated proof announcement . If it is valid, the administrator node accepts the appeal, adds reward tokens to the responder node of the appeal, and deducts the corresponding reward tokens from the corresponding initiator node. The administrator node sends the appeal package APP and the processing decision to the initiator node and the responder node respectively.

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