Vehicle-mounted charger integrated with power level

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated power converter. The integrated power converter may include a first circuit configured to interface a first DC power of a power factor correction circuit with a first primary side of a first transformer; a second circuit arranged in an integrated layout and configured to interface second DC power at a first secondary side of the first transformer with a first battery and with a second primary side of a second transformer; and a third circuit configured to interface third DC power at a second secondary side of the second transformer with a second battery.

Description

[0001] introduction

[0002] The present disclosure relates to on-board chargers, such as, but not necessarily limited to, chargers included on a vehicle for charging and / or discharging one or more vehicle batteries and / or battery packs.

[0003] A vehicle (such as, but not necessarily limited to, an electric vehicle or automobile) may include a high voltage battery pack configured to provide power to a traction motor for driving the vehicle and a low voltage battery pack configured to provide power to vehicle systems that operate at a voltage lower than the traction motor. In some cases, it may be advantageous to charge the high voltage battery pack and the low voltage battery pack using power provided from an alternating current (AC) charging station external to the vehicle, such as AC power provided from the charging station to an onboard charger of the vehicle. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that such onboard chargers have historically relied on separately housed and / or independent or dedicated circuits to charge the high voltage battery pack and the low voltage battery pack, respectively. Summary of the invention

[0004] One aspect of the present disclosure contemplates an on-board charger having a power stage integrated circuit for charging a high voltage battery pack and a low voltage battery pack of a vehicle. Power station integration may include arranging circuit components into an integrated or shared layout, wherein a portion of the circuit components may be used to charge both the high voltage battery pack and the low voltage battery pack, rather than being dedicated to charging no more than one of the high voltage battery pack and the low voltage battery pack. These integrated or shared circuit components may reduce or otherwise limit the number of circuit components included as an on-board charger, which in turn may be beneficial in limiting vehicle weight, size, complexity, cost, etc.

[0005] A non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure relates to an integrated power converter. The integrated power converter may include: a first circuit, the first circuit including a plurality of first transistors, the plurality of first transistors being configured to interface a first DC power of a power factor correction circuit with a first primary side of a first transformer; a second circuit, the second circuit including a plurality of second transistors, the plurality of second transistors being arranged in an integrated layout and configured to interface a second DC power at a first secondary side of the first transformer with a first battery and with a second primary side of a second transformer; and a third circuit, the third circuit including a plurality of third transistors, the plurality of third transistors being configured to interface a third DC power at a second secondary side of the second transformer with a second battery.

[0006] The second transistor may be composed of no more than six transistors.

[0007] The second transistor may be composed of at least six transistors, wherein the integrated layout corresponds to the source electrodes of multiple pairs of the six transistors being connected to the drain electrodes, and each pair in the multiple pairs is connected in parallel.

[0008] The first transistor may be composed of four transistors, wherein the source electrodes of multiple pairs of the four transistors are connected to the drain electrodes, and each pair in the multiple pairs is connected in parallel.

[0009] The third transistor may be composed of two transistors with the source electrode connected to the drain electrode.

[0010] The third circuit may include a capacitor configured to smooth the third DC power, or alternatively include a capacitor and an inductor configured to smooth the third DC power.

[0011] The integrated power converter may include a controller configured to selectively control the first transistor, the second transistor, and the third transistor to implement a first battery charging mode, a combined charging mode for the first battery and the second battery, and a charging mode from the first battery to the second battery.

[0012] The first battery charging mode may include converting the first DC power from the power factor correction circuit into the second DC power and supplying the second DC power to the first battery without supplying the second DC power to the second primary side.

[0013] The combined charging mode for the first battery and the second battery may include converting the first DC power from the power factor correction circuit into the second DC power and supplying the second DC power to both the first battery and the second primary side.

[0014] The charging mode from the first battery to the second battery may include supplying the second DC power from the first battery to the second primary side, converting the second DC power into the third DC power, and supplying the third DC power to the second battery.

[0015] The power factor correction circuit may be configured to convert a single-phase AC power input into the first DC power when operating according to a single-phase input mode, and / or convert a three-phase AC power input into the first DC power when operating according to a three-phase input mode.

[0016] The integrated power converter may include a housing configured to encapsulate the power factor correction circuit and the first circuit, the second circuit, and the third circuit.

[0017] The first battery can be a rechargeable high-voltage battery configured to provide a DC potential of at least 200 volts. The second battery can be a rechargeable low-voltage battery configured to provide a DC potential not exceeding 60 volts or 200 volts.

[0018] A non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure relates to an integrated power converter. The integrated power converter can include an AC-DC power factor correction circuit configured to convert a single-phase AC power input into a first DC power when operating according to a single-phase input mode and to convert a three-phase AC power input into the first DC power when operating according to a three-phase input mode. The integrated power converter can further include: a DC-DC converter circuit having a first circuit with a plurality of first transistors configured to interface the first DC power with a first primary side of a first transformer; a second circuit having a plurality of second transistors arranged in an integrated layout and configured to interface a second DC power at a first secondary side of the first transformer with the first battery and with a second primary side of a second transformer; and a third circuit having a plurality of third transistors configured to interface a third DC power at a second secondary side of the second transformer with the second battery. The integrated power converter can also include a controller configured to: control the AC-DC power factor correction circuit to operate in the single-phase input mode in response to a first command received via a control signal, control the AC-DC power factor correction circuit to operate in the three-phase input mode in response to a second command received via the control signal, control the second transistors to provide the second DC power to the first battery without providing the second DC power to the second primary side when operating according to a first battery charging mode, control the second transistors to provide the second DC power to both the first battery and the second primary side when operating according to a combined first and second battery charging mode, and control the second transistors to provide the second DC power from the first battery to the second primary side when operating according to a first to second battery charging mode.

[0019] The first transistor can be composed of no more than four transistors, and the third transistor can be composed of no more than two transistors.

[0020] The integrated power converter can include a housing configured to encapsulate the first circuit, the second circuit, and the third circuit.

[0021] One non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure relates to an integrated power converter. The integrated power converter may include an AC - DC power factor correction circuit configured to convert single - phase and three - phase AC power inputs into a first DC power. The integrated power converter may further include: a DC - DC converter circuit having a first circuit with no more than four transistors configured to interface the first DC power with a first primary side of a first transformer; a second circuit having no more than six transistors arranged in an integrated layout and configured to interface a second DC power at a first secondary side of the first transformer with a first battery and with a second primary side of a second transformer; and a third circuit having no more than two transistors configured to interface a third DC power at a second secondary side of the second transformer with a second battery. One non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure relates to an integrated power converter. The integrated power converter may also include a controller configured to: when operating in a first battery charging mode, control the second circuit to supply the second DC power to the first battery without supplying the second DC power to the second primary side; when operating in a combined first and second battery charging mode, control the second circuit to supply the second DC power to both the first battery and the second primary side; and when operating in a first - to - second battery charging mode, control the second circuit to supply the second DC power from the first battery to the second primary side.

[0022] From the following detailed description of the modes for carrying out the teachings, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above - mentioned and other features and advantages of the teachings will become readily apparent. It should be understood that even though the following drawings and embodiments may be described separately, their individual features may be combined into additional embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings incorporated in and forming a part of this specification illustrate implementations of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vehicle with an on - vehicle charger according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an on - vehicle charger according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an integrated power - stage converter circuit according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a third circuit according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an integrated power - level converter circuit operating in a first mode of a first battery charging mode according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an integrated power - level converter circuit operating in a second mode of a first battery charging mode according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an integrated power - level converter circuit operating in a first mode of a combined charging mode of a first battery and a second battery according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an integrated power - level converter circuit operating in a second mode of a combined charging mode of a first battery and a second battery according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an integrated power - level converter circuit operating in a first mode of a charging mode from a HV battery to a LV battery according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0033] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an integrated power - level converter circuit operating in a second mode of a charging mode from a HV battery to a LV battery according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown.

[0034] Figure 11 A flowchart of a battery charging method according to a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Description

[0035] As required, detailed embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed herein; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the present disclosure that may be embodied in various alternative forms. The drawings are not necessarily to scale; some features may be enlarged or minimized to show details of particular components. Thus, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to practice the present disclosure in different ways.

[0036] Figure 1FIG. 0 shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle 100 having an on-vehicle charger 12 in accordance with a non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure. The charger 12 may be configured in the manner described herein to facilitate charging of the battery pack 14 using power provided from a charging station 16 external to the vehicle 10, such as an alternating current (AC) charging station 16. The charging station 16 may include a charging cable 20 and a charging plug 22 to facilitate exchange of power and control signaling with the charger 12 via a charging socket 24 included on the vehicle 10. Power 26 may flow in either direction between the charging station 16 and the charger 12 via the charging cable 20, the charging plug 22, and the charging socket 24. The power 26 may be single-phase and / or three-phase alternating current (AC) power, depending on the configuration of the charging station 16. Control signals 30 may be used to convey a plurality of commands 32 to the charger 12, which may optionally indicate to the charger 12 the number of phases of the power 26 and the direction in which the power 26 flows (e.g., into the charger 12 via the charging socket 24 or out of the charger 12 via the charging socket 24).

[0037] Communication signals 36 may be exchanged between the charging station 16 and the charger 12 to provide signaling information therebetween to initiate, control, and stop the flow of power 26. The charging station 16 may operate to provide power (e.g., current at a certain voltage) to the vehicle 10 to recharge the battery pack. In various embodiments, the charging station 16 may comply with the SAE International J1716 standard and / or the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61851-1 standard, optionally being a level 1 AC or level 2 AC charger 12. However, the present disclosure fully contemplates supporting other charging standards to meet the design criteria of specific applications, optionally configuring the charger 12 to facilitate charging and discharging of the battery pack 14. The vehicle 10 may be an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The vehicle 10 may include, but is not limited to, passenger vehicles, trucks, autonomous vehicles, motorcycles, boats, and / or airplanes. In some embodiments, the vehicle 10 may be a stationary object, such as a room, booth, and / or building.

[0038] Figure 2FIG. 0 shows a schematic diagram of an in-vehicle charger 12 in accordance with a non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure. As shown, the charger 12 may include an AC-DC power factor correction circuit 40 configured to implement a bridgeless totem pole power factor correction circuit or other suitable circuitry having the ability to provide AC-DC and DC-AC conversion. The battery pack 14 may be a rechargeable energy storage system configured to store electrical energy. The battery pack 14 may generally operate to receive power from and supply power to the charger 12. The battery pack 14 may include a plurality of battery modules electrically connected in series and / or parallel, which for illustrative purposes are shown to include a separate high voltage (HV) battery 44 (e.g., 200 VDC to 1000 VDC) and a low voltage (LV) battery 45 (e.g., 6 VDC to 60 VDC or at least less than 200 VDC).

[0039] For example, the HV battery 44 may operate at 200 VDC or above to supply power to a traction motor (not shown) for driving the vehicle 10, while the LV battery 45 may operate below 60 VDC to supply power to vehicle systems (not shown) operating at a voltage lower than the traction motor. When operating in a single-phase input mode or a three-phase mode, the power factor correction circuit 40 may be configured to convert the input single-phase power or input three-phase power into a first direct current (DC) power 46, respectively. The integrated power stage DC-DC converter circuit 48 may be configured to convert the first DC power 46 into a second DC power 50 suitable for charging the HV battery 44 and a third DC power 52 suitable for charging the LV battery 45.

[0040] The charger 12 may include a controller 56 configured to process control signals 30, commands 32, and / or communication signals 36, such as to determine whether to charge one or both of the HV battery 44 and the LV battery 48 based on the single-phase or three-phase AC input power provided by the charging station 16, and / or to determine whether the HV battery 44 is to discharge or otherwise provide a second DC power 50 to the charging station 12 or another device or vehicle connected to the power factor correction circuit 40. The controller 56 may be configured to generate a switching signal 58 for providing switching information to control the power factor correction circuit 40 accordingly, and to generate a conversion signal 60 to control the integrated converter circuit 48. The controller 56 may include one or more processors configured to facilitate the operations, processes, functions, etc. described herein, optionally by a processor executing non-transitory instructions or software stored on an associated computer-readable storage medium. The software, when executed, may cause the processor to generate the switching signal 58, the DC conversion signal 60, and / or additional signals and commands attendant to facilitating the battery charging and discharging contemplated herein.

[0041] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the integrated converter circuit 48 according to a non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown. The integrated converter circuit 48 may be constituted by a plurality of circuit components that may be configured in the manner shown to provide a first circuit 64, a second circuit 66, and a third circuit 68. The first circuit 64 may include a plurality of first transistors 70, 72, 74, 76 configured to interface a first DC power 46 of the power factor correction circuit 40 with a first primary side 80 of a first transformer 82. The second circuit 66 may include a plurality of second transistors 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 arranged in an integrated layout and configured to interface a second DC power 50 at a first secondary side 98 of the first transformer 82 with the HV (first) battery 44 and a second primary side 100 of a second transformer 102. The third circuit 68 may include a plurality of third transistors 106, 108 configured to interface a third DC power 52 at a second secondary side 110 of the second transformer 102 with the LV (second) battery 45.

[0042] The first transformer 82 may include a first inductor 112, a first capacitor 114, and a second capacitor 116 to provide an LCC or CLLC topology. The LCC topology shown is presented for illustrative purposes only, as the present disclosure contemplates other configurations of the first transformer 82, including but not limited to CLLC and / or LLC topologies. The second transformer 102 may include a second inductor 118 and a third capacitor 120. Optionally, the second secondary side 110 has a split configuration including an upper winding 122 and a lower winding 124, thereby providing an LLC or CLLC topology. Additional fourth capacitor 120, fifth capacitor 130, and sixth capacitor 132 may be included at the interface 134 with the power factor correction circuit 40, the interface 136 with the HV battery 44, and the interface 138 with the LV battery 45 to facilitate smoothing of the DC power passing therethrough and otherwise manipulating the DC power. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a third circuit 68 is shown, which optionally includes a third inductor 140 that may operate in conjunction with the sixth capacitor 132 to facilitate smoothing of the third DC power 52.

[0043] The first transistors 70, 72, 74, 76 may be constituted by four transistors, wherein the sources of multiple pairs of the four transistors 70, 72, 74, 76 are connected to the drains in the manner shown, and each pair in the multiple pairs is connected in parallel. The second transistors 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 may be constituted by six transistors, optionally not exceeding six transistors, and their integrated layout corresponds to multiple pairs of six transistors 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 whose sources are connected to the drains in the manner shown, and each pair in the multiple pairs is connected in parallel. The third transistors 106, 108 may be constituted by two transistors whose sources are connected to the drains. For illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the transistors 70, 72, 74, 76, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 106, 108 are shown in the configuration shown, as the present disclosure contemplates including more or fewer transition transistors, or other types of switches or controllers. Optionally, the transistors 70, 72, 74, 76, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 106, 108 are deployed in other arrangements and layouts. The shown integrated layout of the six transistors 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 constituting the second circuit 66 is considered particularly advantageous for integrating the first transformer 82 with the second transformer 102. Optionally, the associated circuit components (i.e., the circuit components constituting the first circuit 64, the second circuit 66, and the third circuit 68) are encapsulated or otherwise disposed within a common single housing or module.

[0044] The integrated layout of the second transistors 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 can be considered as an integrated circuit of a power stage circuit for charging the high-voltage battery 44 and the low-voltage battery 46. The power station integration can include arranging circuit components into an integrated or shared layout, where a part of the circuit components can be used for charging both the high-voltage battery pack and the low-voltage battery pack, rather than being dedicated to charging no more than one of the high-voltage battery pack and the low-voltage battery pack. These integrated or shared circuit components can reduce or otherwise limit the number of circuit components included as the on-vehicle charger 12, and thus can be beneficial to limit vehicle weight, complexity, cost, etc. For example, instead of including four transistors interacting with the first secondary side 98 and another four transistors interacting with the second secondary side 100, the integrated layout of the second transistors 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 can effectively eliminate two transistors, where the six second transistors 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 shown provide equivalent functions. The integrated layout can also be beneficial to eliminate the need for the vehicle 10 to include a separate or independent module for charging the LV battery 45.

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an integrated converter circuit 48 operating in a first mode of a first battery charging mode according to a non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an integrated converter circuit 48 operating in a second mode of a first battery charging mode according to a non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown. The first battery charging mode can correspond to the controller 56 generating a DC conversion signal 60 to facilitate charging of the HV battery 44, where the first mode optionally corresponds to an active stage, and the second mode corresponds to a symmetric active stage, and / or each of the first mode and the second mode corresponds to a half cycle or other modulation associated with the charging and discharging circuit components of the integrated converter circuit 48. As shown, the power flow 146 shows that charging generally corresponds to converting the first DC power 46 into the second DC power 50 to charge the HV battery 44, where the arrows shown indicate the power transfer associated with the first mode and the second mode.

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an integrated converter circuit 48 operating in a first mode of a first and second battery combined charging mode according to a non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 8A schematic diagram of an integrated converter circuit 48 operating in a second mode of a first battery and second battery combined charging mode in accordance with a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown. The first battery and second battery combined charging mode may correspond to the controller 56 generating a DC conversion signal 60 to facilitate simultaneous charging of both the HV battery 44 and the LV battery 46, where the first mode optionally corresponds to an active phase and the second mode corresponds to a symmetric active phase, and / or the first mode and the second mode each correspond to a half - cycle or other modulations associated with the charging and discharging circuit components of the integrated converter circuit 48. As shown, a plurality of power flows 148, 150 show that charging generally corresponds to converting a first DC power 46 into a second DC power 50 and a third DC power 52 to charge the HV battery 44 and the LV battery 46, where the arrows shown indicate the power transfer associated with the first mode and the second mode.

[0047] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an integrated converter circuit 48 operating in a first mode of an HV battery to LV battery charging mode in accordance with a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an integrated converter circuit 48 operating in a second mode of an HV battery to LV battery charging mode in accordance with a non - limiting aspect of the present disclosure is shown. The HV battery to LV battery charging mode may correspond to the controller 56 generating a DC conversion signal 60 to facilitate charging of the LV battery 45 using power from the HV battery 44, or more specifically, correspond to the HV battery 44 providing a second DC power 50 to charge the LV battery 45. The first mode may optionally correspond to an active phase and the second mode corresponds to a symmetric active phase, and / or the first mode and the second mode each correspond to a half - cycle or other modulations associated with the charging and discharging circuit components of the integrated converter circuit 48. As shown, the power flow 152 shows the HV battery 44 providing the second DC power 50 to the second primary side 100 for charging the LV battery 45, where the arrows shown indicate the power transfer associated with the first mode and the second mode.

[0048] The following table shows an exemplary configuration of a controller that activates (e.g., turns on) and deactivates (e.g., turns off) first transistors 70, 72, 74, 76, second transistors 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, and third transistors 106, 108 depending on when the controller operates according to a first battery charging mode (AC -> HV DC battery), a first battery and second battery combined charging mode (AC -> HV and LV DC batteries), and a first battery to second battery charging mode (HV battery -> LV DC battery), respectively.

[0049]

[0050] Figure 11 FIG. 160 is a flow chart of a battery charging method according to a non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure. Block 162 involves selecting one of a first battery charging mode, a first and second battery combined charging mode, and a first to second battery charging mode. Block 164 involves generating a switching signal 60 for controlling an integrated power stage converter to implement the mode selected in block 162. Block 166 involves implementing charging according to the switching signal 60. For illustrative purposes, the method is primarily described with respect to facilitating charging of one or both of the HV battery 44 and the LV battery 46, as the present disclosure contemplates discharging from one or both of the HV battery 44 and the LV battery 46 using a similar control method as described above.

[0051] The terms “comprising” and “including” are inclusive and thus specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, or components. Where possible, the order of steps, processes, and operations may be altered and additional or alternative steps may be employed. As used in this specification, the term “or” includes any one and all combinations of the associated listed items. The term “any one of...” should be understood to include any possible combination of the recited items, including “any one of” the recited items. “A,” “an,” “the,” “at least one,” and “one or more” are used interchangeably to indicate at least one of at least one item. There may be more than one such item unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Unless clearly or expressly indicated otherwise by the context (including the appended claims), all numerical values of parameters (e.g., numerical values of quantities or conditions) should be understood to be modified in all instances by the term “about,” whether or not “about” actually appears before the numerical value. A component “configured to” perform a specified function need not be altered to perform the specified function, as opposed to merely having the potential to perform the specified function after further modification. In other words, when specifically configured to perform a specified function, the described hardware is selected, created, implemented, utilized, programmed, and / or designed specifically for performing the specified function.

[0052] Although various embodiments have been described, this description is intended to be exemplary rather than restrictive, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of this disclosure. Unless specifically restricted, any feature of any embodiment can be used in combination with or substituted by any other feature or element in any other embodiment. Accordingly, this embodiment is not limited except as by the appended claims and their equivalents. Additionally, various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the appended claims. Although several modes for carrying out many aspects of this teaching have been described in detail, those skilled in the art familiar with these teachings will recognize that various alternative aspects for practicing this teaching are within the scope of the appended claims. All of the content included in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings should be construed as illustrative and exemplary of the full scope of alternative embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that these alternative embodiments are implicitly included in the content, are structurally and / or functionally equivalent to the content, or are otherwise made apparent based on the content, and are not limited to only those embodiments explicitly depicted and / or described.

Claims

1. An integrated power converter, comprising: A first circuit, the first circuit including a plurality of first transistors configured to connect a first DC power of a power factor correction circuit to a first primary side of a first transformer; A second circuit, the second circuit including a plurality of second transistors arranged in an integrated layout and configured to connect a second DC power at a first secondary side of the first transformer to a first battery and to a second primary side of a second transformer; And A third circuit, the third circuit including a plurality of third transistors configured to connect a third DC power at a second secondary side of the second transformer to a second battery.

2. The integrated power converter according to claim 1, wherein: The second transistor is composed of no more than six transistors.

3. The integrated power converter according to claim 1, wherein: The second transistor is composed of six transistors, wherein the integrated layout corresponds to source-to-drain connections of multiple pairs of the six transistors, and each pair in the multiple pairs is connected in parallel.

4. The integrated power converter according to claim 3, wherein: The first transistor is composed of four transistors, wherein source-to-drain connections of multiple pairs of the four transistors, and each pair in the multiple pairs is connected in parallel.

5. The integrated power converter according to claim 3, wherein: The third transistor is composed of two transistors with source connected to drain.

6. The integrated power converter according to claim 5, wherein: The third circuit includes a capacitor configured to smooth the third DC power.

7. The integrated power converter according to claim 5, wherein: The third circuit includes a capacitor and an inductor configured to smooth the third DC power.

8. The integrated power converter according to claim 3, further comprising: A controller configured to selectively control the first transistor, the second transistor, and the third transistor to implement a first battery charging mode, a combined charging mode of the first battery and the second battery, and a charging mode from the first battery to the second battery.

9. The integrated power converter according to claim 8, wherein: The first battery charging mode includes converting the first DC power from the power factor correction circuit into the second DC power and supplying the second DC power to the first battery without supplying the second DC power to the second primary side.

10. The integrated power converter according to claim 8, wherein: The combined charging mode of the first battery and the second battery includes converting the first DC power from the power factor correction circuit into the second DC power and supplying the second DC power to both the first battery and the second primary side.

11. The integrated power converter according to claim 8, wherein: The first battery to second battery charging mode includes supplying the second DC power from the first battery to the second primary side, converting the second DC power to the third DC power, and supplying the third DC power to the second battery.

12. The integrated power converter according to claim 8, wherein: The power factor correction circuit is configured to convert a single-phase AC power input into the first DC power when operating according to a single-phase input mode.

13. The integrated power converter according to claim 8, wherein: The power factor correction circuit is configured to convert a three-phase AC power input into the first DC power when operating according to a three-phase input mode.

14. The integrated power converter according to claim 8, wherein: The power factor correction circuit is configured to convert a single-phase AC power input into the first DC power when operating according to a single-phase input mode; and The power factor correction circuit is configured to convert a three-phase AC power input into the first DC power when operating according to a three-phase input mode.

15. The integrated power converter according to claim 14, further comprising: A housing configured to encapsulate the power factor correction circuit and the first circuit, the second circuit, and the third circuit.

16. The integrated power converter according to claim 8, wherein: The first battery is a rechargeable high-voltage battery configured to provide a DC potential of at least 200 volts; and The second battery is a rechargeable low-voltage battery configured to provide a DC potential not exceeding 200 volts.

17. An integrated power converter comprising: An AC-DC power factor correction circuit configured to: Convert a single-phase AC power input into a first DC power when operating according to a single-phase input mode; And Convert a three-phase AC power input into the first DC power when operating according to a three-phase input mode; A DC-DC converter circuit including: A first circuit having a plurality of first transistors configured to connect the first DC power to a first primary side of a first transformer; A second circuit having a plurality of second transistors arranged in an integrated layout and configured to connect a second DC power at a first secondary side of the first transformer to a first battery and to a second primary side of a second transformer; and A third circuit having a plurality of third transistors configured to connect a third DC power at a second secondary side of the second transformer to a second battery; and A controller configured to: Control the AC-DC power factor correction circuit to operate in the single-phase input mode in response to a first command received via a control signal; Control the AC-DC power factor correction circuit to operate in the three-phase input mode in response to a second command received via the control signal; When operating according to the first battery charging mode, control the second transistor to supply the second DC power to the first battery without supplying the second DC power to the second primary side; When operating according to the combined charging mode of the first battery and the second battery, control the second transistor to supply the second DC power to both the first battery and the second primary side; and When operating according to the charging mode from the first battery to the second battery, control the second transistor to supply the second DC power from the first battery to the second primary side.

18. The integrated power converter according to claim 17, wherein: The first transistor is composed of no more than four transistors; The second transistor is composed of no more than six transistors; and The third transistor is composed of no more than two transistors.

19. The integrated power converter according to claim 18, further comprising: A housing configured to encapsulate the first circuit, the second circuit, and the third circuit.

20. An integrated power converter, comprising: An AC-DC power factor correction circuit configured to convert single-phase and three-phase AC power inputs into first DC power; A DC-DC converter circuit, the DC-DC converter circuit comprising: A first circuit having no more than four transistors configured to connect the first DC power to a first primary side of a first transformer; A second circuit having no more than six transistors arranged in an integrated layout and configured to connect second DC power at a first secondary side of the first transformer to a first battery and to a second primary side of a second transformer; and A third circuit having no more than two transistors configured to connect third DC power at a second secondary side of the second transformer to a second battery; and A controller configured to: When operating according to the first battery charging mode, control the second circuit to supply the second DC power to the first battery without supplying the second DC power to the second primary side; When operating according to the combined charging mode of the first battery and the second battery, control the second circuit to supply the second DC power to both the first battery and the second primary side; and When operating according to the charging mode from the first battery to the second battery, control the second circuit to supply the second DC power from the first battery to the second primary side.

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