Preparation formula of slow-release antibacterial experimental animal padding

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of experimental animal feeding, in particular to a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal padding manufacturing formula which comprises a contact layer, a slow-release antibacterial layer and a bottom layer which form an experimental animal padding basic layer. The contact layer comprises 50% by mass of corncob particles, 30% by mass of paper pulp fibers, 15% by mass of super absorbent resin and 5% by mass of a bamboo fiber woven mesh. According to the animal padding manufacturing formula, the ammonia gas adsorption capacity is remarkably improved, cleaner and healthier survival conditions are provided for experimental animals, the lasting antibacterial effect is achieved, the welfare of the experimental animals and the accuracy of experimental data are further improved, the excellent adsorption and antibacterial capacity is achieved, and the animal padding has the good application prospect. Remarkable economic benefits are brought to experimental animal feeding mechanisms, the survival rate of experimental animals using the animal padding is increased by 5%, and the safety of the animal padding is further proved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of experimental animal breeding, and specifically to a preparation formula for a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding. Background Art

[0002] Animal bedding is a padding material used to improve the living environment of animals. Its main functions include adsorbing excrement to maintain dryness and hygiene, reducing the growth of microorganisms and lowering the ammonia concentration. At the same time, it provides a soft support layer for animals to meet their natural behavior needs such as digging and nesting. According to the use, it can be divided into two categories: experimental animal bedding and pet bedding. For the former, standardized materials with good water absorption and low dust should be preferred to avoid interfering with experimental results. For the latter, materials such as paper cotton, coconut soil or corn sand are selected according to the animal's habits.

[0003] However, the existing animal bedding is mainly made of natural materials such as wood chips and corn cobs, which are simply compressed and formed. Its adsorption capacity is limited, the porosity of the bedding is low, and it is easy to breed microorganisms. After decomposing excrement, it produces odor gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Some animal bedding uses chemical sprays, which pose a toxicity risk, and the residue of chemical deodorants will affect the health of experimental animals and interfere with the accuracy of experimental data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation formula for a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding to solve the problem of low porosity of animal bedding and easy breeding of microorganisms proposed in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A preparation formula for a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding, including,

[0006] The basic layers that make up the experimental animal bedding are the contact layer, the slow-release antibacterial layer and the bottom layer;

[0007] The contact layer includes corn cob particles, pulp fibers, superabsorbent resin and bamboo fiber woven mesh, and the mass ratio between them is 50% of corn cob particles, 30% of pulp fibers, 15% of superabsorbent resin and 5% of bamboo fiber woven mesh;

[0008] The slow-release antibacterial layer includes activated carbon, pine sawdust, chitosan microcapsules, silver ion-loaded zeolite, PLA-lactic acid particles, and citric acid, and the mass ratio between them is 10% of activated carbon, 40% of pine sawdust, 15% of chitosan microcapsules, 15% of silver ion-loaded zeolite, 10% of PLA-lactic acid particles, and 10% of citric acid

[0009] The bottom layer includes corn cob particles, superabsorbent resin and pulp fibers, and the mass ratio between them is 70% of corn cob particles, 25% of superabsorbent resin and 5% of pulp fibers.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation process of the slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding is as follows:

[0011] ① Prepare pulp fibers: Cut and crush non-wood raw materials such as straw into appropriate sizes, pre-soak them with a liquid medicine containing NaOH and a catalyst to soften the fiber structure, and gradually refine the fibers to the target beating degree through three-step ladder grinding. Adopt a countercurrent method to efficiently remove residual liquid medicine and impurities to obtain finished fibers;

[0012] ② Prepare superabsorbent resin: Mix hydrophilic monomers such as acrylic acid and acrylamide with deionized water, partially neutralize the monomer solution with NaOH, add an initiator and a crosslinking agent, and heat to 60-80 °C under nitrogen protection to initiate polymerization. The generated gel is crushed, dried, and then pulverized to the target particle size;

[0013] ③ Prepare chitosan microcapsules: Mix a positively charged chitosan solution with a negatively charged wall material, deposit to form a composite wall material through electrostatic interaction, inject the mixed solution into a microfluidic chip, and spray it into a polyvinyl alcohol solution to solidify and form microcapsules;

[0014] ④ Prepare silver ion-loaded zeolite: Select natural zeolite as the base material, crush it and screen it to the target particle size, repeatedly rinse it with deionized water to remove surface impurities, immerse the zeolite in a 0.9 mol / L NaCl solution, adjust the pH to 6-7, and stir for 4-6 hours to enhance the ion exchange ability. Prepare a 0.01-0.1 mol / L AgNO3 solution, and the concentration can be adjusted according to the target silver loading amount. Centrifuge to separate the solid and liquid phases, and collect the silver-loaded zeolite solid;

[0015] ⑤ Prepare PLA-lactic acid particles: After crushing raw materials such as corn and cassava, soak, grind and separate starch, then hydrolyze it into glucose solution by α-amylase, inoculate lactic acid bacteria, and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 50-60 °C and pH 5-6 to generate L-lactic acid monomers. Lactic acid is vacuum dehydrated at 130-150 °C to form oligomers, and the oligomers are cracked under high temperature and the action of a catalyst to generate cyclic lactide. Lactide is added with stannous octoate catalyst and polymerized at 140-180 °C under vacuum conditions to generate high molecular weight PLA-lactic acid particles.

[0016] Preferably, the contact layer, slow-release antibacterial layer, and bottom layer are fixed together by sewing.

[0017] Preferably, the corn cob particles are made by threshing corn cobs and then strictly screening, and have the advantages of uniform tissue, appropriate hardness, good toughness, strong water absorption, and good wear resistance.

[0018] Preferably, the pulp fibers are fibrous substances made from plant fibers through different processing methods.

[0019] Preferably, the super absorbent resin is a polymer with a certain degree of cross-linking, and can quickly absorb water hundreds of times greater than its own weight to form a gel, and the gel can still retain water without separation under a certain pressure.

[0020] Preferably, the activated carbon is a specially treated carbon, wherein the organic raw material is heated in an airtight condition to reduce the non-carbon components, and then reacts with the gas, the surface is corroded, and a structure with developed micropores is produced.

[0021] Preferably, the pine wood chips refer to the powder left over from pine wood processing.

[0022] Preferably, the silver ion loaded zeolite is an ore produced after silver ion replacement.

[0023] Preferably, the citric acid is an important organic weak acid.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the formula for making the animal bedding of the present invention significantly improves the ammonia adsorption capacity: the traditional bedding can reach adsorption saturation within 8 hours, while the bedding of the present invention can maintain a high adsorption capacity for 14 days through a composite sustained-release formula, and the ammonia concentration decreases after transportation, with a decrease of more than 70%. This significant improvement effectively reduces the odor in the breeding environment of experimental animals and provides cleaner and healthier living conditions for experimental animals.

[0025] The animal bedding production formula of the present invention has a long-lasting antibacterial effect: the antibacterial rate of mainstream bedding is low, while the animal bedding of the present invention achieves an antibacterial rate of over 90% through the design of a slow-release antibacterial layer. This long-lasting antibacterial effect effectively inhibits the proliferation of microorganisms in the bedding, reduces the generation of odorous gases, and further improves the welfare of experimental animals and the accuracy of experimental data.

[0026] The animal bedding making formula of the present invention has excellent adsorption and antibacterial capabilities, so that the frequency of bedding replacement is extended from once a week to once every two weeks. This change not only reduces the amount of bedding used, but also reduces the cost of manual bedding replacement, bringing significant economic benefits to experimental animal breeding institutions.

[0027] Compared with traditional bedding that partially uses chemical sprays for deodorization and has the risk of toxic residues, the animal bedding of the present invention adopts a natural, non-toxic material formula, such as activated carbon, zeolite, chitosan and bamboo fiber, to ensure harmlessness to experimental animals. Experimental data show that the survival rate of experimental animals using the animal bedding of the present invention is increased by 5%, further proving its safety. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] An embodiment provided by the present invention: A preparation formula for a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding, including,

[0030] The basic layers constituting the experimental animal bedding are a contact layer, a slow-release antibacterial layer, and a bottom layer;

[0031] The contact layer includes corncob particles, pulp fibers, superabsorbent resin, and bamboo fiber woven mesh, and the mass ratio among them is 50% corncob particles, 30% pulp fibers, 15% superabsorbent resin, and 5% bamboo fiber woven mesh;

[0032] The slow-release antibacterial layer includes activated carbon, pine sawdust, chitosan microcapsules, silver ion-loaded zeolite, PLA-lactic acid particles, and citric acid, and the mass ratio among them is 10% activated carbon, 40% pine sawdust, 15% chitosan microcapsules, 15% silver ion-loaded zeolite, 10% PLA-lactic acid particles, and 10% citric acid

[0033] The bottom layer includes corncob particles, superabsorbent resin, and pulp fibers, and the mass ratio among them is 70% corncob particles, 25% superabsorbent resin, and 5% pulp fibers.

[0034] Furthermore, the preparation process of the slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding is as follows:

[0035] ① Preparation of pulp fibers: Cut and crush non-wood raw materials such as straw to an appropriate size, pre-soak them with a liquid medicine containing NaOH and a catalyst to soften the fiber structure, gradually refine the fibers to the target beating degree through three-step stepped grinding, and efficiently remove the residual liquid medicine and impurities in a countercurrent manner to obtain finished fibers. The pulp fibers have high toughness, low dust, and biodegradable characteristics. After modification, they can enhance water absorption or antibacterial properties, and are commonly used in experimental animal bedding to provide structural support, reduce the risk of allergies, meet environmental protection and animal welfare standards, and unbleached treatment ensures no chemical residues;

[0036] ② Preparation of superabsorbent resin: Hydrophilic monomers such as acrylic acid and acrylamide are mixed with deionized water. The monomer solution is partially neutralized with NaOH. An initiator and a crosslinking agent are added, and polymerization is initiated by heating to 60 - 80°C under nitrogen protection. The resulting gel is crushed, dried, and then pulverized to the target particle size. The superabsorbent resin forms a three-dimensional network structure through crosslinking reaction, can absorb hundreds of times its own weight of water and lock it into a gel. It rapidly absorbs water through osmotic pressure and capillary action, significantly reducing urine retention and ammonia volatilization. It is non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and has strong salt tolerance. The particle size of 0.1 - 0.5 mm has the best performance. After being mixed with natural fibers, it enhances the moisture absorption of the bedding and maintains a dry and clean animal feeding environment;

[0037] ③ Preparation of chitosan microcapsules: A positively charged chitosan solution is mixed with a negatively charged wall material, and a composite wall material is deposited through electrostatic interaction. The mixed solution is injected into a microfluidic chip and sprayed into a polyvinyl alcohol solution to solidify into microcapsules;

[0038] ④ Preparation of silver ion-loaded zeolite: Natural zeolite is selected as the substrate, crushed and sieved to the target particle size, and repeatedly rinsed with deionized water to remove surface impurities. The zeolite is immersed in a 0.9 mol / L NaCl solution, the pH is adjusted to 6 - 7, and stirred for 4 - 6 hours to enhance the ion exchange capacity. A 0.01 - 0.1 mol / L AgNO3 solution is prepared, and the concentration can be adjusted according to the target silver loading amount. The solid-liquid two phases are separated by centrifugation, and the silver-loaded zeolite solid is collected. The silver ion-loaded zeolite has a porous structure that can adsorb and slowly release silver ions, destroy the cell membranes and DNA of microorganisms, and long-term inhibit the reproduction of bacteria and fungi. It has advantages such as high temperature resistance, strong stability, and no drug resistance, and is widely used in medical treatment, environmental protection, and experimental animal bedding. The silver ion release amount is controllable, meeting the biosafety standards, and can be recycled and reused;

[0039] ⑤ Preparation of PLA-lactic acid particles: Raw materials such as corn and cassava are crushed, and the starch is separated by soaking and grinding. Then it is hydrolyzed into a glucose solution by α-amylase, and lactic acid bacteria are added. Anaerobic fermentation is carried out at 50 - 60°C and pH 5 - 6 to generate L-lactic acid monomers. Lactic acid is dehydrated under vacuum at 130 - 150°C to form oligomers, and the oligomers are cracked at high temperature under the action of a catalyst to generate cyclic lactide. Lactide is added with stannous octoate catalyst and polymerized at 140 - 180°C under vacuum conditions to generate high molecular weight PLA-lactic acid particles.

[0040] Furthermore, the contact layer, the sustained-release antibacterial layer, and the bottom layer are fixed together by sewing, which can ensure the firmness between the contact layer, the sustained-release antibacterial layer, and the bottom layer and is durable.

[0041] Furthermore, the corncob particles are made by threshing corn cobs and then undergoing strict screening. They have the advantages of uniform structure, appropriate hardness, good toughness, strong water absorption, and good wear resistance. The corncob particles have excellent water absorption and heat dissipation effects, and their cellulose components are also used in high-tech industries such as papermaking and biologic sugar production.

[0042] Furthermore, pulp fibers are fibrous substances made from plant fibers through different processing methods. Pulp fibers have high toughness, low dust, and biodegradable characteristics. After modification, they can enhance water absorption or antibacterial properties. They are commonly used in experimental animal bedding to provide structural support, reduce the risk of allergies, meet environmental protection and animal welfare standards, and the unbleached treatment ensures no chemical residues.

[0043] Furthermore, superabsorbent resin is a polymer with a certain degree of crosslinking, and it can quickly absorb hundreds of times its own weight of water to form a gel. This gel can still hold the water without separating under a certain pressure. The superabsorbent resin forms a three-dimensional network structure through crosslinking reactions, can absorb hundreds of times its own weight of water and lock the water into a gel. It quickly absorbs water through osmotic pressure and capillary action, significantly reducing urine retention and ammonia volatilization. It is non-toxic and environmentally friendly, has strong salt tolerance, and has the best performance when the particle size is 0.1 - 0.5 mm. When mixed with natural fibers, it enhances the moisture absorption of the bedding and maintains a dry and clean animal feeding environment.

[0044] Furthermore, activated carbon is a kind of carbon treated specially. Organic raw materials are heated under the condition of isolating air to reduce non-carbon components, and then react with gases. The surface is eroded to produce a structure with well-developed micropores. Activated carbon is a porous carbon material made from raw materials such as wood and coconut shells through high-temperature carbonization and activation. It has well-developed pores and can efficiently adsorb odors, toxins, and harmful gases. Its surface functional groups have both physical adsorption and chemical catalytic effects. It is commonly used in water purification, air purification, and medical fields. In experimental animal bedding, bamboo charcoal fine powder can assist in antibacterial and humidity regulation, and it is safe, non-toxic, and recyclable, effectively improving the feeding microenvironment.

[0045] Furthermore, pine sawdust refers to the powder left during pine processing. Pine sawdust is light yellow in flakes or particles, soft and porous in texture, contains natural rosin components, and has antibacterial and insect-repellent characteristics. After high-temperature carbonization treatment, it can enhance water absorption, reduce the dust rate, and release trace amounts of volatile aromatic substances, improving the odor of the bedding environment. Its fiber structure is stable. When mixed with substrates such as corncobs, it can adjust the porosity of the bedding, promote ventilation and moisture discharge, and is biodegradable, meeting the environmental protection and biosafety requirements of experimental animal bedding.

[0046] Furthermore, silver-ion loaded zeolite is an ore produced after silver-ion replacement. Its porous structure can adsorb and slowly release silver ions, destroy the cell membranes and DNA of microorganisms, and inhibit the reproduction of bacteria and fungi for a long time. It has the advantages of high temperature resistance, strong stability, and no drug resistance. It is widely used in medical treatment, environmental protection, and experimental animal bedding. The silver ion release amount is controllable, meeting the biosafety standards, and it can be recycled.

[0047] Furthermore, citric acid is an important organic weak acid. It exists in citrus fruits and is a white crystalline powder at room temperature. It is easily soluble in water and has strong pH adjustment ability. As a food-grade additive, it is commonly used for beverage and drug preservation, and has the functions of chelating metal ions, antibacterial, and antioxidant. Its degradable property makes it widely used in environmental protection materials and experimental animal bedding. It is safe and non-toxic, meeting the biosafety standards for biological experiments.

[0048] Technical performance comparison:

[0049]

[0050] Working principle:

[0051] Step 1: Prepare pulp fibers. Cut and crush non-wood raw materials such as straw into appropriate sizes, pre-soak them with a liquid medicine containing NaOH and a catalyst to soften the fiber structure, and gradually refine the fibers to the target beating degree through three-step gradient grinding. Use the countercurrent method to efficiently remove the residual liquid medicine and impurities to obtain finished fibers.

[0052] Step 2: Prepare superabsorbent resin. Mix hydrophilic monomers such as acrylic acid and acrylamide with deionized water, partially neutralize the monomer solution with NaOH, add an initiator and a crosslinking agent, and heat to 60 - 80 °C under nitrogen protection to initiate polymerization. The resulting gel is broken, dried, and then crushed to the target particle size.

[0053] Step 3: Prepare chitosan microcapsules. Mix the positively charged chitosan solution with the negatively charged wall material, deposit to form a composite wall material through electrostatic interaction, inject the mixed solution into a microfluidic chip, and spray it into a polyvinyl alcohol solution to solidify and form microcapsules.

[0054] Step 4: Select natural zeolite as the substrate, crush it and sieve it to the target particle size, repeatedly rinse it with deionized water to remove surface impurities, immerse the zeolite in a 0.9 mol / L NaCl solution, adjust the pH to 6 - 7, stir for 4 - 6 hours to enhance the ion exchange ability, prepare a 0.01 - 0.1 mol / L AgNO3 solution, the concentration can be adjusted according to the target silver loading amount, centrifuge to separate the solid and liquid phases, and collect the silver-loaded zeolite solid.

[0055] Step 5: After crushing raw materials such as corn and cassava, soak and grind them to separate starch, then hydrolyze it into glucose solution by α-amylase, inoculate lactic acid bacteria, and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 50-60°C and pH 5-6 to generate L-lactic acid monomer. The lactic acid is vacuum dehydrated at 130-150°C to form oligomers, and the oligomers are cracked under high temperature and the action of a catalyst to generate cyclic lactide. The lactide is added with stannous octoate catalyst and polymerized at 140-180°C under vacuum conditions to generate high molecular weight PLA-lactic acid particles

[0056] Step 6: Mix various materials in proportion and prepare a contact layer, a sustained-release antibacterial layer and a bottom layer respectively, and sew the contact layer, the sustained-release antibacterial layer and the bottom layer together by sewing method.

[0057] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A production formula for a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding, characterized in that, including The basic layers that make up the experimental animal bedding are the contact layer, the slow-release antibacterial layer, and the bottom layer; The contact layer includes corncob particles, pulp fibers, superabsorbent resin, and bamboo fiber woven mesh, and the mass ratio among them is 50% corncob particles, 30% pulp fibers, 15% superabsorbent resin, and 5% bamboo fiber woven mesh; The slow-release antibacterial layer includes activated carbon, pine sawdust, chitosan microcapsules, silver ion-loaded zeolite, PLA-lactic acid particles, and citric acid, and the mass ratio among them is 10% activated carbon, 40% pine sawdust, 15% chitosan microcapsules, 15% silver ion-loaded zeolite, 10% PLA-lactic acid particles, and 10% citric acid The bottom layer includes corncob particles, superabsorbent resin, and pulp fibers, and the mass ratio among them is 70% corncob particles, 25% superabsorbent resin, and 5% pulp fibers.

2. The preparation formula of a sustained-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation process of the slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding is as follows: ① Preparation of pulp fibers: Cut and crush non-wood raw materials such as straw to an appropriate size, pre-soak them with a liquid medicine containing NaOH and a catalyst to soften the fiber structure, and gradually refine the fibers to the target beating degree through three-step ladder grinding. Adopt a countercurrent method to efficiently remove the residual liquid medicine and impurities to obtain finished fibers; ② Preparation of superabsorbent resin: Mix hydrophilic monomers such as acrylic acid and acrylamide with deionized water, partially neutralize the monomer solution with NaOH, add an initiator and a crosslinking agent, and heat to 60 - 80 °C under nitrogen protection to initiate polymerization. The generated gel is broken, dried, and then crushed to the target particle size; ③ Preparation of chitosan microcapsules: Mix a positively charged chitosan solution with a negatively charged wall material, deposit to form a composite wall material through electrostatic interaction, inject the mixed solution into a microfluidic chip, and spray it into a polyvinyl alcohol solution to solidify and form microcapsules; ④ Preparation of silver ion-loaded zeolite: Select natural zeolite as the base material, crush it and sieve it to the target particle size, repeatedly rinse it with deionized water to remove surface impurities, immerse the zeolite in a 0.9 mol / L NaCl solution, adjust the pH to 6 - 7, stir for 4 - 6 hours to enhance the ion exchange ability, prepare a 0.01 - 0.1 mol / L AgNO3 solution, the concentration can be adjusted according to the target silver loading amount, centrifuge to separate the solid and liquid phases, and collect the silver-loaded zeolite solid; ⑤ Preparation of PLA-lactic acid particles: After crushing raw materials such as corn and cassava, soak, grind and separate the starch, then hydrolyze it into a glucose solution through α-amylase, inoculate lactic acid bacteria, and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 50 - 60 °C and pH 5 - 6 to generate L-lactic acid monomers. Lactic acid is vacuum dehydrated at 130 - 150 °C to form oligomers, and the oligomers are cracked under high temperature and the action of a catalyst to generate cyclic lactide. Lactide is added with stannous octoate catalyst and polymerized at 140 - 180 °C under vacuum conditions to generate high molecular weight PLA-lactic acid particles.

3. The production formula of a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact layer, the slow-release antibacterial layer, and the bottom layer are fixed together by sewing.

4. The production formula of a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corncob particles are made by threshing corn cobs and then undergoing strict screening, and have the advantages of uniform tissue, appropriate hardness, good toughness, strong water absorption, and good wear resistance.

5. The production formula of a sustained-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pulp fiber is a fibrous material made from plant fiber through different processing methods.

6. The production formula of a slow-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 3, characterized in that, The highly water-absorbent resin is a polymer with a certain degree of cross-linking, and can quickly absorb water hundreds of times larger than its own weight to form a gel. The gel can still retain water without separation under a certain pressure.

7. A preparation formula for a sustained-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 6, characterized in that, The activated carbon is a specially treated carbon. The organic raw material is heated in an airtight condition to reduce the non-carbon components, and then reacts with the gas to erode the surface and produce a structure with developed micropores.

8. A preparation formula for a sustained-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pine sawdust refers to the powder left over from pine wood processing.

9. The production formula of a sustained-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 5, characterized in that, The silver ion loaded zeolite is a kind of ore produced after silver ion replacement.

10. A preparation formula for a sustained-release antibacterial experimental animal bedding according to claim 4, characterized in that, The citric acid is an important organic weak acid.

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