Charger, charger control method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a charger, a charger control method and a vehicle. The charger comprises a magnetic integrated transformer, an AC-side single-stage conversion circuit, a high-voltage-side conversion circuit and a low-voltage-side conversion circuit. The first end of the alternating-current side single-stage conversion circuit is connected with an alternating-current side, and the second end is connected with a primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer; the first end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit is connected with a high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end is connected with a power battery; the first end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit is connected with the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end is connected with a low-voltage system. A power factor correction function can be realized through the alternating current side single-stage conversion circuit, a power factor correction circuit and a bus electrolytic capacitor can be omitted at the same time, and the service life of the charger is prolonged. In addition, the high-voltage side conversion circuit and the low-voltage side conversion circuit share one magnetic integrated transformer, so that the size of the charger is reduced, the consumption of power switch devices is reduced, and the cost and the highest power density are reduced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of power electronics technology, and particularly to a charger, a charger control method, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As Figure 1 shown, an electric vehicle power supply system generally includes an on-board charger (OBC) and a low-voltage DC / DC converter, both of which are fixedly installed on the electric vehicle. The on-board charger includes a front-stage AC / DC converter and a rear-stage high-voltage DC / DC converter. The on-board charger is used to convert alternating current into high-voltage direct current (HVDC) to supply power to the vehicle's power battery, and at the same time, it can realize the reverse discharge function. The low-voltage DC / DC converter can convert the high-voltage direct current of the power battery into low-voltage direct current (LVDC) to supply power to the first battery, the in-vehicle controller, and low-voltage electrical appliances (such as headlights, in-vehicle entertainment systems, etc.).

[0003] In order to achieve the high integration of the on-board charger, in the related art, the low-voltage DC / DC and the OBC are usually encapsulated in one housing (as Figure 2 shown), aiming to combine the OBC and the low-voltage DC / DC converter into one product. Among them, the high-voltage DC / DC converter and the low-voltage DC / DC converter respectively adopt independent isolation transformers, which not only have high costs, but also the on-board charger has a relatively large volume. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems existing in the related art, the present disclosure provides a charger, a charger control method, and a vehicle.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a charger is provided, including:

[0006] A magnetic integrated transformer, an AC-side single-stage conversion circuit, a high-voltage-side conversion circuit, and a low-voltage-side conversion circuit;

[0007] Wherein, a first end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is used to connect to the AC side, and a second end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is connected to a primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer;

[0008] A first end of the high-voltage-side conversion circuit is connected to a high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and a second end of the high-voltage-side conversion circuit is used to connect to the power battery;

[0009] A first end of the low-voltage-side conversion circuit is connected to a low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and a second end of the low-voltage-side conversion circuit is used to connect to the low-voltage system.

[0010] Optionally, the single-stage AC-side conversion circuit includes: a first input inductor, a second input inductor, a first capacitor, and a first phase bridge arm, a second phase bridge arm, and a third phase bridge arm connected in parallel;

[0011] Wherein, the first end of the first input inductor is used to be connected to the first end of the AC side, and the second end of the first input inductor is respectively connected to the midpoint of the first phase bridge arm and the first end of the primary winding;

[0012] The first end of the second input inductor is used to be connected to the first end of the AC side, and the second end of the second input inductor is respectively connected to the midpoint of the second phase bridge arm and the second end of the primary winding;

[0013] The midpoint of the third phase bridge arm is used to be connected to the second end of the AC side, and the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the third phase bridge arm.

[0014] Optionally, the first capacitor is a thin-film capacitor or a ceramic capacitor.

[0015] Optionally, the high-voltage side conversion circuit is a full-bridge circuit.

[0016] Optionally, the low-voltage side conversion circuit includes any one of the following:

[0017] Full-bridge circuit;

[0018] Cascaded full-wave rectifier circuit and buck circuit;

[0019] Cascaded current-doubler circuit and buck circuit.

[0020] Optionally, the topology of the magnetic-integrated transformer is a dual-active-bridge topology or a resonant topology.

[0021] Optionally, the charger further includes:

[0022] A high-voltage bus capacitor disposed between the high-voltage side conversion circuit and the power battery; and / or

[0023] A low-voltage bus capacitor disposed between the low-voltage side conversion circuit and the low-voltage system.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a charger control method, which is applied to the charger provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure, and includes:

[0025] Determine the control parameters of the charger according to the current working mode of the charger;

[0026] Generate and output drive signals of each switching tube in the charger according to the control parameters.

[0027] Optionally, the current working mode is any one of a first working mode, a second working mode, and a third working mode. Among them, the first working mode means a mode in which the AC side supplies power to both the power battery and the low-voltage system at the same time; the second working mode means a mode in which the power battery supplies power to both the AC side and the low-voltage system at the same time; the third working mode means a mode in which the power battery only supplies power to the low-voltage system.

[0028] Determining the control parameters of the charger according to the current working mode of the charger includes:

[0029] According to the deviation between the first voltage of the low-voltage system and the first reference voltage of the low-voltage system, output the first reference current of the low-voltage system through a voltage PI controller;

[0030] According to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system, output a control sub-parameter corresponding to the current working mode through a current PI controller as the control parameter;

[0031] If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, sample the second current and the second voltage of the AC side; generate a carrier signal according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode as the control parameter.

[0032] Optionally, the outputting, through a current PI controller, a control sub-parameter corresponding to the current working mode according to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system includes:

[0033] If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, output a first duty cycle through a current PI controller according to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system;

[0034] If the current working mode is the third working mode, output a target phase angle through the current PI controller according to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system.

[0035] Optionally, the generating a carrier signal according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode includes:

[0036] If the current working mode is the first working mode, obtain the phase of the second voltage through a phase-locked loop according to the second voltage;

[0037] According to the phase and the second current, obtain the third current of the d-axis of the drive motor through a rotational coordinate transformation;

[0038] Output the second reference current of the d-axis through a voltage PI controller according to the deviation between the third voltage of the power battery and the second reference voltage of the power battery;

[0039] Generate a carrier signal with a target frequency through a current PI controller according to the deviation between the third current and the second reference current.

[0040] Optionally, generating a carrier signal according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode further includes:

[0041] If the current working mode is the second working mode, generate the third reference current of the AC side through a voltage PI controller according to the deviation between the third reference voltage of the AC side and the second voltage;

[0042] Output a carrier signal with a second duty cycle through a current PI controller according to the deviation between the second current and the third reference current.

[0043] Optionally, generating and outputting drive signals for each switch tube in the charger according to the control parameters includes:

[0044] Generate drive signals for each switch tube in the low-voltage side conversion circuit according to the control parameters;

[0045] If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, generate and output drive signals for each switch tube in the AC side single-stage conversion circuit and the high-voltage side conversion circuit according to the carrier signal;

[0046] If the current working mode is the third working mode, generate drive signals for each switch tube in the high-voltage side conversion circuit according to the control parameters.

[0047] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including a power battery, a low-voltage system, and the charger provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0048] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may include the following beneficial effects: The charger includes a magnetic integrated transformer, an AC-side single-stage conversion circuit, a high-voltage-side conversion circuit, and a low-voltage-side conversion circuit. Among them, the first end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is used to connect to the AC side, and the second end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is connected to the primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer; the first end of the high-voltage-side conversion circuit is connected to the high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end of the high-voltage-side conversion circuit is used to connect to the power battery; the first end of the low-voltage-side conversion circuit is connected to the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end of the low-voltage-side conversion circuit is used to connect to the low-voltage system. Thus, a charger with a single-stage magnetic integrated topology can be formed. Among them, the first end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit serves as the AC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology, the second end of the high-voltage-side conversion circuit serves as the high-voltage DC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology, and the second end of the low-voltage-side conversion circuit serves as the low-voltage DC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology. In this way, the power factor correction function can be achieved through the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit, and the power factor correction circuit and the bus electrolytic capacitor can be saved at the same time, improving the service life of the charger. In addition, the high- and low-voltage-side conversion circuits share a magnetic integrated transformer, which not only reduces the volume of the charger, but also reduces the usage of power switch devices, achieving the maximum reduction in cost and the highest power density.

[0049] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle power supply system in the related art.

[0052] Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of an electric vehicle power supply system in the related art.

[0053] Figure 3 is a topology diagram of a charger adopting a non-magnetic integrated scheme in the related art.

[0054] Figure 4 is a topology diagram of a charger adopting a magnetic integrated scheme with a two-stage topology in the related art.

[0055] Figure 5 is a topology diagram of a charger adopting a magnetic integrated scheme with a matrix topology in the related art.

[0056] Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a charger shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0057] Figure 7 It is a circuit topology diagram of a charger shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0058] Figure 8 It is a circuit topology diagram of a charger shown according to another exemplary embodiment.

[0059] Figure 9 It is a flowchart of a charger control method shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0060] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of energy transfer when a charger is in the first working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0061] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of energy transfer when a charger is in the second working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0062] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of energy transfer when a charger is in the third working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0063] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of a charger control method in the first working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0064] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of a charger control method in the second working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0065] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of a charger control method in the third working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0066] Figure 16A It is a schematic diagram of the waveform of the AC side input voltage in the first working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0067] Figure 16B It is a schematic diagram of the waveform of the AC side input current in the first working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0068] Figure 16C It is a schematic diagram of the waveform of the high-voltage DC side output voltage in the first working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0069] Figure 16D It is a schematic diagram of the waveform of the high-voltage DC side output current in the first working mode shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0070] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of a functional block diagram of a vehicle shown according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0071] As described in the background art, in the related art, a low-voltage DC / DC and an on-vehicle charger are usually encapsulated in one housing, aiming to combine the OBC and the low-voltage DC / DC converter into one product, which belongs to a non-magnetic integration solution. As Figure 3 shown, the high-voltage DC / DC converter and the low-voltage DC / DC converter respectively adopt independent isolation transformers, and a relatively large bus electrolytic capacitor is arranged in the AC / DC converter, which not only has a high cost, but also makes the on-vehicle charger relatively large in volume.

[0072] In the later stage, with the evolution of new circuit topologies, the magnetic integration technology was proposed in the industry. The high-voltage DC / DC converter and the low-voltage DC / DC converter are integrated into one circuit topology, and a single isolation transformer is reused to realize the conversion of high- and low-voltage energies, which reduces the cost of the electric vehicle power supply system to a certain extent and reduces the volume of the charger. However, further reducing the system cost is still limited by the circuit topology. Among them, the magnetic integration technology is to wind two or more discrete devices in the converter, such as inductors, transformers, etc. on a magnetic core and concentrate them structurally.

[0073] At the present stage, a magnetic integration solution with a two-stage topology and a magnetic integration solution with a matrix topology are mainly adopted. As Figure 4 shown, in the magnetic integration solution with a two-stage topology, the high-voltage DC / DC converter and the low-voltage DC / DC converter share a single isolation transformer (i.e., a centralized isolation transformer), and a relatively large bus electrolytic capacitor is arranged in the AC / DC converter. The number of power switching devices used is reduced to a certain extent compared with the above non-magnetic integration solution. However, the bus electrolytic capacitor is large in volume, and this capacitor severely restricts the service life of the on-vehicle charger. As Figure 5 shown, in the magnetic integration solution with a matrix topology, the high-voltage DC / DC converter and the low-voltage DC / DC converter also share a single isolation transformer (i.e., a centralized isolation transformer), but the bus electrolytic capacitor is removed. This topology has no bus electrolytic capacitor, which greatly improves the service life of the charger. However, this topology uses a large number of power switching devices, which greatly increases the cost of the charger. Coupled with the increase in the water channel structure and the heat dissipation device, the reduction of the charger volume is instead limited; on the other hand, the upper and lower parts of the same bridge arm in the matrix topology both adopt a form of two switching devices connected in series, which additionally brings a voltage sharing problem.

[0074] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a charger, a charger control method, and a vehicle.

[0075] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0076] It should be noted that all actions of obtaining signals, information, or data in this application are carried out on the premise of complying with the corresponding data protection regulations and policies of the country where the location is located and with the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0077] Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a charger shown according to an exemplary embodiment. As Figure 6 shown, the charger includes: a magnetic integrated transformer 1, an AC-side single-stage conversion circuit 2, a high-voltage-side conversion circuit 3, and a low-voltage-side conversion circuit 4, which form a single-stage magnetic integrated topology. Among them, the first end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit 2 serves as the AC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology and is used to connect to the AC side AC. The second end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit 2 is connected to the primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer 1; the first end of the high-voltage-side conversion circuit 3 is connected to the high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer 1, and the second end of the high-voltage-side conversion circuit 3 serves as the high-voltage DC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology and is used to connect to the power battery 5; the first end of the low-voltage-side conversion circuit 4 is connected to the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer 1, and the second end of the low-voltage-side conversion circuit serves as the low-voltage DC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology and is used to connect to the low-voltage system 6.

[0078] Among them, the low-voltage system may include a low-voltage battery and low-voltage electrical appliances (such as, for example, an in-vehicle entertainment system, vehicle lights, in-vehicle controllers, etc.) of the vehicle. The AC side AC may be cosine alternating current or sine alternating current.

[0079] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may include the following beneficial effects: The charger includes a magnetic integrated transformer, an AC-side single-stage conversion circuit, a high-voltage side conversion circuit, and a low-voltage side conversion circuit. Among them, the first end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is used to connect to the AC side, and the second end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is connected to the primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer; the first end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit is connected to the high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit is used to connect to the power battery; the first end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit is connected to the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit is used to connect to the low-voltage system. Thus, a charger with a single-stage magnetic integrated topology can be formed. Among them, the first end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit serves as the AC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology, the second end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit serves as the high-voltage DC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology, and the second end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit serves as the low-voltage DC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology. In this way, the power factor correction function can be achieved through the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit, and the power factor correction circuit and the bus electrolytic capacitor can be saved at the same time, improving the service life of the charger. In addition, the high- and low-voltage side conversion circuits share a magnetic integrated transformer, which not only reduces the volume of the charger, but also reduces the usage of power switching devices, achieving the maximum reduction in cost and the highest power density.

[0080] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit 2 may include: a first input inductor L1, a second input inductor L2, a first capacitor Cp, and a first phase bridge arm (including a first switch Q1 and a fourth switch Q4), a second phase bridge arm (including a second switch Q2 and a fifth switch Q5), and a third phase bridge arm (including a third switch Q3 and a sixth switch Q6) connected in parallel.

[0081] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the first end of the first input inductor L1 is used to connect to the first end (i.e., the live wire) of the AC side AC, and the second end of the first input inductor L1 is respectively connected to the midpoint of the first phase bridge arm and the first end of the primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer 1; the first end of the second input inductor L2 is used to connect to the first end (i.e., the live wire) of the AC side, and the second end of the second input inductor L2 is respectively connected to the midpoint of the second phase bridge arm and the second end of the primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer 1; the midpoint of the third phase bridge arm is used to connect to the second end (i.e., the neutral wire) of the AC side AC, and the first capacitor Cp is connected in parallel with the third phase bridge arm.

[0082] Among them, the first capacitor Cp may be a thin-film capacitor or a ceramic capacitor. The first capacitor Cp is a filter capacitor for filtering high-frequency current to reduce the voltage fluctuation at the second end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit 2. The first phase bridge arm and the second phase bridge arm may be high-frequency bridge arms, and the third phase bridge arm may be a low-frequency bridge arm.

[0083] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the above-mentioned high-voltage side conversion circuit 3 can be a full-bridge circuit, specifically including a fourth-phase bridge arm (including a seventh switch tube Q7 and a ninth switch tube Q9) and a fifth-phase bridge arm (including an eighth switch tube Q8 and a tenth switch tube Q10) connected in parallel. The first busbar end of the fourth-phase bridge arm and the fifth-phase bridge arm is used to connect to the positive pole of the power battery 5, and the second busbar end of the fourth-phase bridge arm and the fifth-phase bridge arm is used to connect to the negative pole of the power battery 5. The midpoint of the fourth-phase bridge arm is connected to the first end of the high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integration transformer 1, and the midpoint of the fifth-phase bridge arm is connected to the second end of the high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integration transformer 1.

[0084] In the present disclosure, the magnetic integration transformer 1 can include various topological structures. In one embodiment, as Figure 7 shown, the topological structure of the magnetic integration transformer 1 can be a resonant topology. At this time, the magnetic integration transformer 1 includes: a primary winding, a high-voltage secondary winding, a low-voltage secondary winding, a resonant inductor Ls disposed between the midpoint of the first-phase bridge arm and the first end of the primary winding, a first resonant capacitor Cr disposed between the midpoint of the second-phase bridge arm and the second end of the primary winding, and a first resonant capacitor Cs disposed between the midpoint of the fifth-phase bridge arm and the second end of the high-voltage secondary winding.

[0085] In another embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, the topological structure of the magnetic integration transformer 1 can be a Dual Active Bridge (DAB) topology. At this time, the magnetic integration transformer 1 includes: a primary winding, a high-voltage secondary winding, a low-voltage secondary winding, and an inductor Lr disposed between the midpoint of the first-phase bridge arm and the first end of the primary winding.

[0086] The above-mentioned low-voltage side conversion circuit 4 can include various topological structures. In one embodiment, the above-mentioned low-voltage side conversion circuit 4 can include a full-bridge circuit.

[0087] In another embodiment, the above-mentioned low-voltage side conversion circuit 4 can include a cascaded full-wave rectifier circuit and a buck circuit.

[0088] In yet another embodiment, as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the above-mentioned low-voltage side conversion circuit 4 may include a cascaded current-doubling circuit 41 and a buck circuit 42. Among them, the current-doubling circuit 41 includes an eleventh switching tube Q11 and a twelfth switching tube Q12, and the buck circuit 42 includes a thirteenth switching tube Q13, a fourteenth switching tube Q14, and a third inductor L3. Among them, the first end of the eleventh switching tube Q11 is connected to the first end of the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integration transformer 1, the second end of the eleventh switching tube Q11 is connected to the first end of the twelfth switching tube Q12, the second end of the twelfth switching tube Q12 is connected to the second end of the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integration transformer 1, the first end of the thirteenth switching tube Q13 is connected to the midpoint of the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integration transformer 1, and the second end of the thirteenth switching tube Q13 is respectively connected to the first end of the fourteenth switching tube Q14 and the first end of the third inductor L3; the second end of the third inductor L3 is used to be connected to the positive pole of the low-voltage system 6, and the second end of the fourteenth switching tube Q14 is respectively connected to the first end of the twelfth switching tube Q12 and the negative pole of the low-voltage system 6.

[0089] To reduce the voltage fluctuation at the second end of the current-doubling circuit 41, the above-mentioned charger may further include: a second capacitor C2 disposed between the full-wave rectifier circuit 41 and the buck circuit 42. As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the first end of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the first end of the thirteenth switching tube Q13 and the midpoint of the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integration transformer 1, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the first end of the twelfth switching tube Q12 and the second end of the fourteenth switching tube Q14. Among them, the second capacitor C2 may be an electrolytic capacitor.

[0090] In addition, as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, to reduce the voltage fluctuation at the second end (i.e., the high-voltage DC side) of the high-voltage side conversion circuit 3, the above-mentioned charger may further include: a high-voltage bus capacitor C1 disposed between the high-voltage side conversion circuit 3 and the power battery 5. As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the high-voltage bus capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the fifth phase leg. Among them, the high-voltage bus capacitor C1 may be a thin-film capacitor or a ceramic capacitor.

[0091] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, to reduce the voltage fluctuation at the second end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit 4, the above-mentioned charger may further include: a low-voltage bus capacitor C3 disposed between the low-voltage side conversion circuit 4 and the low-voltage system 6. As Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the first end of the low-voltage bus capacitor C3 is respectively connected to the second end of the third inductor L3 and the negative pole of the low-voltage system 6, and the second end of the low-voltage bus capacitor C3 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourteenth switching transistor Q14 and the negative pole of the low-voltage system 6. Among them, the low-voltage bus capacitor C3 can be a thin-film capacitor or a ceramic capacitor.

[0092] Figure 9 It is a flowchart of a charger control method shown according to an exemplary embodiment. Among them, the charger control method can be applied to the above-mentioned charger provided by the present disclosure. As Figure 9 shown, the charger control method may include S101 and S102.

[0093] In S101, according to the current working mode of the charger, the control parameters of the charger are determined.

[0094] In S102, according to the control parameters, drive signals of each switching transistor in the charger are generated and output.

[0095] In the present disclosure, the charger may include three working modes, namely the first working mode, the second working mode, and the third working mode. Among them, the first working mode refers to the mode in which the AC side supplies power to both the power battery and the low-voltage system at the same time, the second working mode refers to the mode in which the power battery supplies power to both the AC side and the low-voltage system at the same time, and the third working mode refers to the mode in which the power battery only supplies power to the low-voltage system. The current working mode is any one of the first working mode, the second working mode, and the third working mode.

[0096] When the charger is in the first working mode, the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is used to convert the alternating current of the AC side AC into direct current, and after voltage regulation and resonance through the magnetic integration transformer 1, it is input to the high-voltage side conversion circuit and the low-voltage side conversion circuit. The high-voltage side conversion circuit rectifies the direct current output by the magnetic integration transformer and then outputs it to the power battery to supply power to the power battery. At this time, the high-voltage side conversion circuit is equivalent to a single-stage resonant converter; at the same time, the low-voltage side conversion circuit rectifies and steps down the direct current output by the magnetic integration transformer and then outputs it to the low-voltage system to supply power to the low-voltage system. As Figure 10 shown, when the charger is in the first working mode, the energy on the AC side flows through the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit and the high-voltage side conversion circuit to the power battery to charge the power battery, and the energy on the AC side also flows through the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit and the low-voltage side conversion circuit to the low-voltage system to charge the low-voltage battery and / or supply power to the low-voltage electrical appliances.

[0097] When the charger is in the second working mode, the high-voltage side conversion circuit rectifies the direct current of the power battery and outputs it to the single-stage conversion circuit on the AC side and the low-voltage side conversion circuit. The single-stage conversion circuit on the AC side converts the direct current output by the high-voltage side conversion circuit into alternating current and outputs it to the AC side to supply power to the AC side. At the same time, the low-voltage side conversion circuit rectifies and steps down the direct current output by the high-voltage side conversion circuit and outputs it to the low-voltage system to supply power to the low-voltage system. At this time, the equivalent topology of the charger is a phase-shifted full-bridge. As Figure 11 shown, when the charger is in the second working mode, the energy of the power battery flows through the high-voltage side conversion circuit and the single-stage conversion circuit on the AC side to the AC side to supply power to the AC side. At the same time, the energy of the power battery flows through the high-voltage side conversion circuit and the low-voltage side conversion circuit to the low-voltage system to charge the low-voltage battery and / or supply power to the low-voltage electrical appliances.

[0098] When the charger is in the third working mode, the high-voltage side conversion circuit rectifies the direct current of the power battery and outputs it to the low-voltage side conversion circuit. The low-voltage side conversion circuit rectifies and steps down the direct current output by the high-voltage side conversion circuit and outputs it to the low-voltage system to supply power to the low-voltage system. As Figure 12 shown, when the charger is in the third working mode, the energy of the power battery flows through the high-voltage side conversion circuit and the low-voltage side conversion circuit to the low-voltage system to charge the low-voltage battery and / or supply power to the low-voltage electrical appliances.

[0099] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may include the following beneficial effects: The charger includes a magnetic integrated transformer, a single-stage conversion circuit on the AC side, a high-voltage side conversion circuit, and a low-voltage side conversion circuit. Among them, the first end of the single-stage conversion circuit on the AC side is used to connect to the AC side, and the second end of the single-stage conversion circuit on the AC side is connected to the primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer; the first end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit is connected to the high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit is used to connect to the power battery; the first end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit is connected to the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit is used to connect to the low-voltage system. Thus, a charger with a single-stage magnetic integrated topology can be formed. Among them, the first end of the single-stage conversion circuit on the AC side serves as the AC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology, the second end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit serves as the high-voltage DC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology, and the second end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit serves as the low-voltage DC side of the single-stage magnetic integrated topology. In this way, the power factor correction function can be realized through the single-stage conversion circuit on the AC side, and the power factor correction circuit and the bus electrolytic capacitor can be saved at the same time, improving the service life of the charger. In addition, the high- and low-voltage side conversion circuits share a magnetic integrated transformer, which not only reduces the volume of the charger, but also reduces the usage of power switch devices, achieving the maximum reduction in cost and the highest power density.

[0100] The following will provide a detailed description of the specific implementation manner of determining the control parameters of the charger according to the current working mode in S101 above. Specifically, it can be achieved through the following steps (1) to (3):

[0101] Step (1): According to the deviation between the first voltage of the low-voltage system and the first reference voltage of the low-voltage system, output the first reference current of the low-voltage system through a voltage PI controller.

[0102] Step (2): According to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system, output the control sub-parameters corresponding to the current working mode through a current PI controller as the control parameters.

[0103] When the charger is in the first working mode, the second working mode, or the third working mode, power needs to be supplied to the low-voltage system. Thus, regardless of which of the above three working modes the charger is in, as Figures 13 - 15 shown, it is necessary to output the first reference current I LV of the low-voltage system according to the deviation between the first voltage V LV_ref of the low-voltage system and the first reference voltage V LV_ref through a voltage PI controller. At the same time, according to the deviation between the first reference current I LV_ref and the first current I LV_ave of the low-voltage system, output the control sub-parameters corresponding to the current working mode through a current PI controller as the control parameters.

[0104] Specifically, as Figure 13 and Figure 14 shown, after outputting the first reference current I LV_ref of the low-voltage system through a voltage PI controller: If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, then according to the deviation between the first reference current I LV_ref and the first current I LV_ave of the low-voltage system, output the first duty ratio D1 through a current PI controller. That is, when the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, the control sub-parameters output through the current PI controller are the first duty ratio D1; as Figure 15 shown, if the current working mode is the third working mode, then according to the deviation between the first reference current I LV_ref and the first current I LV_ave of the low-voltage system, output the target phase angle through a current PI controller. That is, when the current working mode is the third working mode, the control sub-parameters output through the current PI controller are the target phase angle.

[0105] Step (3): If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, sample the second current and the second voltage on the AC side; generate a carrier signal according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode, and use it as a control parameter.

[0106] It can be seen that when the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, the control parameter includes, in addition to the above control sub-parameters (i.e., the first duty ratio), a carrier signal generated according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode; when the current working mode is the third working mode, the control parameter only includes the above control sub-parameters (i.e., the target phase angle).

[0107] The following will detail the specific implementation of generating a carrier signal according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode in step (3) above. Specifically, it can be achieved through the following steps (31) to (36):

[0108] Step (31): If the current working mode is the first working mode, obtain the phase of the second voltage through a phase-locked loop according to the second voltage.

[0109] Step (32): Obtain the third current on the d-axis of the driving motor through rotational coordinate transformation according to the phase and the second current.

[0110] Step (33): Output the second reference current on the d-axis through a voltage PI controller according to the deviation between the third voltage of the power battery and the second reference voltage of the power battery.

[0111] Step (34): Generate a carrier signal with a target frequency through a current PI controller according to the deviation between the third current and the second reference current.

[0112] Step (35): If the current working mode is the second working mode, generate the third reference current on the AC side through a voltage PI controller according to the deviation between the third reference voltage on the AC side and the second voltage.

[0113] Step (36): Output a carrier signal with a second duty ratio through a current PI controller according to the deviation between the second current and the third reference current.

[0114] In the present disclosure, when the current working mode of the charger is the first working mode, a carrier signal can be generated through steps (31) to (34); when the current working mode of the charger is the second working mode, a carrier signal can be generated through steps (35) and (36).

[0115] Specifically, as Figure 13 shown, when the current working mode of the charger is the first working mode: First, according to the second voltage u ac, obtain the second voltage u through the phase-locked loop ac Then, according to the second voltage u ac The phase γ and the second current i ac , the third current i of the d-axis is obtained by rotating the coordinate transformation gd , for example, i gd =i ac *cosγ; Next, according to the third voltage V of the power battery bat and the second reference voltage V of the power battery bat_ref The voltage PI controller outputs the second reference current I of the d-axis. gd_ref Finally, according to the third current i gd With the second reference current I gd_ref The deviation generates the target frequency f through the current PI controller s carrier signal.

[0116] When the current working mode of the charger is the first working mode: the AC side input voltage (i.e. the second voltage u ac ) is shown in the waveform diagram Figure 16A As shown, the AC side input current (i.e., the second current i ac ) is shown in the waveform diagram Figure 16B As shown, the output voltage of the high voltage DC side (ie, the third voltage V bat ) is shown in the waveform diagram Figure 16C As shown, the waveform of the output current on the high voltage DC side is as follows Figure 16D shown.

[0117] like Figure 14 As shown, when the current working mode of the charger is the second working mode: first, according to the preset voltage u ac_set The third reference voltage V on the AC side is determined by the sinusoidal reference signal ac_ref , for example, V ac_ref =u ac_set *1.414sinγ; Then, according to the third reference voltage V on the AC side ac_ref With the second voltage u ac The voltage PI controller generates the third reference current I on the AC side. ac_ref Finally, according to the second current i ac and the third reference current I ac_ref The deviation is determined by the current PI controller, which outputs a carrier signal with a second duty cycle D2.

[0118] The following is a detailed description of the specific implementation method of generating and outputting the driving signal of each switch tube in the charger according to the control parameters in the above S102. Specifically, it can be achieved through the following steps (a1) to (a3):

[0119] Step (a1): Generate drive signals for each switching tube in the low-voltage side conversion circuit according to control parameters.

[0120] When the charger is in the first working mode, the second working mode, or the third working mode, power needs to be supplied to the low-voltage system. Thus, regardless of which of the above three working modes the charger is in, as Figures 13 - 15 shown, drive signals for each switching tube in the low-voltage side conversion circuit need to be generated according to control parameters.

[0121] Specifically, as Figure 13 shown, when the charger is in the first working mode, drive signals for each switching tube in the low-voltage side conversion circuit can be generated according to a carrier signal with a target frequency and a first duty cycle. Taking the Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown low-voltage side conversion circuit as an example, the carrier signal with the target frequency generates PWM drive signals for turning on and off the eleventh switching tube Q11 and the twelfth switching tube Q12 through a synchronous rectification algorithm. According to the first duty cycle, by comparing with the carrier signal with the target frequency, PWM drive signals for turning on and off the thirteenth switching tube Q13 and the fourteenth switching tube Q14 are generated.

[0122] As Figure 14 shown, when the charger is in the second working mode, drive signals for each switching tube in the low-voltage side conversion circuit can be generated according to a carrier signal with a second duty cycle and a first duty cycle. Taking the Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown low-voltage side conversion circuit as an example, the carrier signal with the second duty cycle generates PWM drive signals for turning on and off the eleventh switching tube Q11 and the twelfth switching tube Q12 through a synchronous rectification algorithm. According to the first duty cycle, by comparing with the carrier signal with the second duty cycle, PWM drive signals for turning on and off the thirteenth switching tube Q13 and the fourteenth switching tube Q14 are generated.

[0123] As Figure 15 shown, when the charger is in the third working mode, drive signals for each switching tube in the low-voltage side conversion circuit can be generated according to a carrier signal generated by a Digital Signal Process (DSP) chip and a target phase angle. Taking the Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown low-voltage side conversion circuit as an example, the carrier signal generated by the DSP chip generates PWM drive signals for turning on and off the eleventh switching tube Q11 and the twelfth switching tube Q12 through a synchronous rectification algorithm. According to the target phase angle, by comparing with the carrier signal generated by the DSP chip, PWM drive signals for turning on and off the thirteenth switching tube Q13 and the fourteenth switching tube Q14 are generated.

[0124] Step (a2): If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, drive signals for each switch in the single-stage AC-side conversion circuit and the high-voltage-side conversion circuit are generated and output according to the carrier signal.

[0125] Step (a3): If the current working mode is the third working mode, drive signals for each switch in the high-voltage-side conversion circuit are generated according to the control parameters.

[0126] When the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, in addition to controlling the low-voltage-side conversion circuit, drive signals for each switch in the single-stage AC-side conversion circuit and the high-voltage-side conversion circuit also need to be generated and output according to the above-mentioned carrier signal.

[0127] Specifically, as Figure 13 shown, when the current working mode is the first working mode, the carrier signal of the target frequency can be compared with a 0.5 duty cycle to generate PWM drive signals for turning on and off each switch in the single-stage AC-side conversion circuit (i.e., the first switch Q1 to the sixth switch Q6). At the same time, the above-mentioned carrier signal of the target frequency is phase-shifted by a phase-shift angle d and then compared with the sine adjustment modulation signal to generate PWM drive signals for turning on and off each switch in the high-voltage-side conversion circuit (i.e., the seventh switch Q7 to the tenth switch Q10).

[0128] As Figure 14 shown, when the current working mode is the second working mode, the carrier signal of the second duty cycle can be compared with a 0.5 duty cycle to generate PWM drive signals for turning on and off each switch in the single-stage AC-side conversion circuit (i.e., the first switch Q1 to the sixth switch Q6). At the same time, the above-mentioned carrier signal of the second duty cycle generates PWM drive signals for turning on and off each switch in the high-voltage-side conversion circuit (i.e., the seventh switch Q7 to the tenth switch Q10) through the synchronous rectification algorithm.

[0129] When the current working mode is the third working mode, in addition to controlling the low-voltage-side conversion circuit, drive signals for each switch in the high-voltage-side conversion circuit also need to be generated according to the target phase angle.

[0130] Specifically, as Figure 15 shown, according to the target phase angle, by comparing with the carrier signal generated by the DSP chip, PWM drive signals for turning on and off each switch in the high-voltage-side conversion circuit (i.e., the seventh switch Q7 to the tenth switch Q10) can be generated.

[0131] It should be noted that the above-mentioned switching tubes can be composed of power semiconductor devices such as Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) and Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs). The present disclosure does not make specific limitations.

[0132] The present disclosure also provides a vehicle, including a power battery, a low-voltage system, and the above-mentioned charger provided by the present disclosure.

[0133] The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the charger control method provided by the present disclosure are implemented.

[0134] Figure 17 It is a block diagram of a vehicle 600 shown according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, the vehicle 600 can be a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. The vehicle 600 can be an autonomous vehicle, a semi-autonomous vehicle, or a non-autonomous vehicle.

[0135] Referring to Figure 17 , the vehicle 600 can include various subsystems. For example, the infotainment system 610, the perception system 620, the decision control system 630, the drive system 640, and the computing platform 650. Among them, the vehicle 600 can also include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem can include multiple components. In addition, each subsystem and each component of the vehicle 600 can be interconnected by wired or wireless means.

[0136] In some embodiments, the infotainment system 610 can include a communication system, an entertainment system, and a navigation system, etc.

[0137] The perception system 620 can include several sensors for sensing information about the environment around the vehicle 600. For example, the perception system 620 can include a Global Positioning System (the Global Positioning System can be a GPS system, or a Beidou system, or other positioning systems), an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), a lidar, a millimeter-wave radar, an ultrasonic radar, and a camera device.

[0138] The decision control system 630 can include a computing system, a vehicle controller, a steering system, an accelerator, and a braking system.

[0139] The drive system 640 may include components that provide motive power for the vehicle 600. In one embodiment, the drive system 640 may include an engine, an energy source, a transmission system, and wheels. The engine may be one or a combination of an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, and an air compression engine. The engine is capable of converting the energy provided by the energy source into mechanical energy.

[0140] Some or all functions of the vehicle 600 are controlled by the computing platform 650. The computing platform 650 may include at least one processor 651 and a memory 652. The processor 651 may execute instructions 653 stored in the memory 652.

[0141] The processor 651 may be any conventional processor, such as a commercially available CPU. The processor may also include, for example, a Graphic Process Unit (GPU), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a System on Chip (SOC), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or a combination thereof.

[0142] The memory 652 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0143] In addition to the instructions 653, the memory 652 may also store data, such as road maps, route information, data on the position, direction, speed, etc. of the vehicle. The data stored in the memory 652 can be used by the computing platform 650.

[0144] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor 651 may execute the instructions 653 to complete all or part of the steps of the above-described charger control method.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include known common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and embodiments are only to be considered as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the following claims.

[0146] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A charger, characterized in that, Comprising: A magnetic integrated transformer, an AC-side single-stage conversion circuit, a high-voltage side conversion circuit, and a low-voltage side conversion circuit; Wherein, the first end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is used to connect to the AC side, and the second end of the AC-side single-stage conversion circuit is connected to the primary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer; The first end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit is connected to the high-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end of the high-voltage side conversion circuit is used to connect to the power battery; The first end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit is connected to the low-voltage secondary winding of the magnetic integrated transformer, and the second end of the low-voltage side conversion circuit is used to connect to the low-voltage system.

2. The charger according to claim 1, wherein The AC-side single-stage conversion circuit includes: a first input inductor, a second input inductor, a first capacitor, and a first phase bridge arm, a second phase bridge arm, and a third phase bridge arm connected in parallel; Wherein, the first end of the first input inductor is used to connect to the first end of the AC side, and the second end of the first input inductor is respectively connected to the midpoint of the first phase bridge arm and the first end of the primary winding; The first end of the second input inductor is used to connect to the first end of the AC side, and the second end of the second input inductor is respectively connected to the midpoint of the second phase bridge arm and the second end of the primary winding; The midpoint of the third phase bridge arm is used to connect to the second end of the AC side, and the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the third phase bridge arm.

3. The charger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first capacitor is a thin-film capacitor or a ceramic capacitor.

4. The charger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage side conversion circuit is a full-bridge circuit.

5. The charger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-voltage side conversion circuit includes any one of the following: A full-bridge circuit; A cascaded full-wave rectification circuit and a buck circuit; A cascaded current-doubling circuit and a buck circuit.

6. The charger according to claim 1, wherein The topological structure of the magnetic integrated transformer is a dual-active-bridge topology or a resonant topology.

7. The charger according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The charger further includes: A high-voltage bus capacitor disposed between the high-voltage side conversion circuit and the power battery; and / or A low-voltage bus capacitor disposed between the low-voltage side conversion circuit and the low-voltage system.

8. A charger control method, applied to the charger described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Comprising: Determine the control parameters of the charger according to the current working mode of the charger; Generate and output drive signals of each switch tube in the charger according to the control parameters.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The current working mode is any one of a first working mode, a second working mode, and a third working mode. Wherein, the first working mode refers to a mode in which the AC side supplies power to both the power battery and the low-voltage system simultaneously, the second working mode refers to a mode in which the power battery supplies power to both the AC side and the low-voltage system simultaneously, and the third working mode refers to a mode in which the power battery supplies power only to the low-voltage system; The determining the control parameters of the charger according to the current working mode of the charger includes: Output a first reference current of the low-voltage system through a voltage PI controller according to the deviation between the first voltage of the low-voltage system and the first reference voltage of the low-voltage system; Output a control sub-parameter corresponding to the current working mode through a current PI controller according to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system, as the control parameter; If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, sample the second current and the second voltage on the AC side; generate a carrier signal according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode, and use it as the control parameter.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The output of the control sub-parameters corresponding to the current working mode through the current PI controller according to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system includes: If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, output a first duty cycle through the current PI controller according to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system; If the current working mode is the third working mode, output a target phase angle through the current PI controller according to the deviation between the first reference current and the first current of the low-voltage system.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein The generation of the carrier signal according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode includes: If the current working mode is the first working mode, obtain the phase of the second voltage through a phase-locked loop according to the second voltage; Obtain the third current on the d-axis of the drive motor through rotation coordinate transformation according to the phase and the second current; Output the second reference current on the d-axis through a voltage PI controller according to the deviation between the third voltage of the power battery and the second reference voltage of the power battery; Generate a carrier signal with a target frequency through a current PI controller according to the deviation between the third current and the second reference current.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein The generation of the carrier signal according to the second current, the second voltage, and the current working mode further includes: If the current working mode is the second working mode, generate the third reference current on the AC side through a voltage PI controller according to the deviation between the third reference voltage on the AC side and the second voltage; Output a carrier signal with a second duty cycle through a current PI controller according to the deviation between the second current and the third reference current.

13. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The generation and output of the drive signals of each switching tube in the charger according to the control parameter includes: Generate the drive signals of each switching tube in the low-voltage side conversion circuit according to the control parameter; If the current working mode is the first working mode or the second working mode, generate and output the drive signals of each switching tube in the AC side single-stage conversion circuit and the high-voltage side conversion circuit according to the carrier signal; If the current working mode is the third working mode, generate the drive signals of each switching tube in the high-voltage side conversion circuit according to the control parameter.

14. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a power battery, a low-voltage system, and a charger according to any one of claims 1-7.

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