Plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system

Abstract

The invention provides a plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system, and relates to the technical field of plateau water supply. The plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system comprises a control system, a raw water sedimentation tank, a front filtering device, a reverse osmosis filtering device and a water purification tank. The camera is combined with machine learning or a traditional image processing algorithm to effectively identify the turbidity of the concentrated water, the monitoring mode has the non-contact advantage, the scaling problem of the sensor can be avoided, the maintenance frequency is reduced, after a titanium dioxide coating is arranged on the surface of an acrylic window, organic matter can be decomposed through photocatalysis, and the turbidity of the concentrated water can be effectively identified. A scraper is arranged on the surface of the filter membrane pipe, and when a high-pressure cleaning pump pumps purified water to reversely wash the filter membrane pipe, a motor drives the scraper to rotate and scrape the surface of the filter membrane pipe, so that the falling efficiency of deposited particles on the surface of the filter membrane pipe is improved; and the cleaning efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plateau water supply, and specifically to a plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system. Background Art

[0002] Affected by special topography and landforms and atmospheric circulation, Tibet has formed a unique and complex climate environment, posing significant challenges to the drinking water supply system. Field investigations show that the following water supply problems generally exist in this area: ① The water quality in some areas does not meet the standards; ② The water sources are far away and the water volume is insufficient; ③ The stability of the water sources is significantly affected by seasonal changes; ④ The problem of freezing of water conveyance pipelines in winter is prominent. Especially in the alpine mountainous areas above 4,800 meters above sea level, the exposed water supply pipe networks are prone to freezing and water cut-off in extremely low temperatures, and the problem of insufficient water supply capacity of single water source projects in the dry season is more severe.

[0003] To address the above challenges, a "smart water purification platform" integrating water quality monitoring, security monitoring, intelligent control, and environmental protection technologies has been put into operation in the plateau area. Through diversified water source development and the construction of intermediate booster stations, this platform has effectively improved the water quality problem and alleviated technical problems such as difficult water intake in winter, large water source fluctuations, and long-distance water conveyance. The water purification part of this intelligent water purification platform consists of a control system, a raw water sedimentation tank, a pre-filter device, a reverse osmosis filtration device, and a water purification tank. Among them, the reverse osmosis filtration device has the function of RO membrane anti-scaling program design, and uses a high-pressure pump to extract purified water to regularly wash the RO membrane, improving the service life and water purification efficiency of the RO membrane;

[0004] In the above reverse osmosis filtration device, the cleaning timing is usually enabled by detecting the pressure changes at the front and rear ends of the RO membrane through a pressure sensor, and there is also a control method of regular cleaning. Due to the relatively hard water quality in the plateau area, the part of the sensor in contact with water is more likely to scale, resulting in inaccurate detection data. The regular cleaning method cannot adapt to the changing water quality caused by the changing water sources in the plateau area and cannot achieve precise cleaning. In addition, due to the high altitude in the plateau area, the backwashing pressure of the traditional backwashing structure is insufficient (when the altitude is 4,500 m, the effective pressure of the pump decays by 15%), and the cleaning efficiency is greatly reduced; therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system, which solves the problems of inaccurate detection after sensor scaling, inability of regular cleaning to adapt to changing water quality, and low cleaning efficiency existing in the plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A high-altitude self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system includes a control system, a raw water sedimentation tank, a pre-filter device, a reverse osmosis filtration device, and a water purification tank. The reverse osmosis filtration device is composed of a water collection tank, a reverse osmosis tank, and a maintenance tank which are distributed vertically in sequence. Four groups of feet are provided on the lower wall of the maintenance tank. A maintenance door is rotatably connected to the front wall of the maintenance tank. A filter membrane tube is arranged inside the reverse osmosis tank. The filter membrane tube is composed of a filter membrane and upper and lower fixed ends arranged at both ends of the filter membrane. An inlet pipe and a concentrated water discharge pipe are respectively arranged on the left and right side walls of the reverse osmosis tank. A water outlet joint is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the water collection tank. One end of the water outlet joint away from the water collection tank is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe and a high-pressure backwashing pipe through a three-way joint. One end of the high-pressure backwashing pipe away from the three-way joint is provided with a high-pressure cleaning structure for providing high-pressure water to backwash and clean the filter membrane tube. A scraper for cleaning the sediment on the surface of the filter membrane tube is arranged inside the reverse osmosis tank. A water quality monitoring structure for observing the water quality situation is arranged on the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank. Electric control valves are arranged on the outer walls of the water outlet pipe, the high-pressure backwashing pipe, the inlet pipe, and the concentrated water discharge pipe.

[0007] To facilitate the disassembly, assembly, and maintenance of the filter membrane tube, preferably, a fixing seat is fixedly connected between the lower wall of the reverse osmosis tank and the upper wall of the maintenance tank. An upper fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the fixing seat. The lower wall of the upper fixing sleeve penetrates through the fixing seat and extends into the maintenance tank. An installation hole for the filter membrane tube to pass through is arranged on the inner wall of the upper fixing sleeve. The filter membrane tube is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the installation hole. A locking end cover for locking the filter membrane tube is arranged at the lower end of the upper fixing sleeve. An upper fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner upper wall of the reverse osmosis tank. The upper end of the upper fixing sleeve penetrates through the upper wall of the reverse osmosis tank and the lower wall of the water collection tank in sequence and extends into the water collection tank. The upper fixing sleeve and the lower fixing sleeve are opposite to each other up and down. An installation step for inserting the upper fixed end of the filter membrane tube is arranged on the lower wall of the upper fixing sleeve. One end of the upper fixing sleeve extending into the water collection tank is connected to the water outlet joint through a connecting pipe. By unscrewing the locking end cover, the filter membrane tube can be pulled out downward from the installation hole of the upper fixing sleeve. To replace a new filter membrane tube, only need to insert it from the installation hole until it is inserted into the installation step, and then screw on the locking end cover to lock it. The disassembly and installation are very convenient. Common sealing parts on the market are arranged between the filter membrane tube and the installation hole and the installation step.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the outer walls of the upper fixing sleeve and the lower fixing sleeve extending into the reverse osmosis tank is rotatably connected to a fixing rod through a rotating structure. A driven ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper fixing sleeve and near the lower end position. An annular groove is arranged on the lower wall of the fixing seat and around the installation hole. A driving ring is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the annular groove. A rotating driving structure for driving the driving ring to rotate is arranged between the inner upper wall of the maintenance tank and the driving ring. A linkage structure for linkage is arranged between the driving ring and the driven ring.

[0009] To clean the filter membrane tube, preferably, the high-pressure cleaning structure includes a high-pressure cleaning pump and a flushing water inlet pipe. The high-pressure cleaning pump is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the water collection tank. The outlet end of the high-pressure cleaning pump is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure backflush pipe away from the three-way joint. The flushing water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure cleaning pump. When performing the cleaning operation, the high-pressure cleaning pump extracts the purified water in the clean water tank and cleans the filter membrane tube through the high-pressure backflush pipe along the water outlet joint and the connecting pipe.

[0010] To make the cleaning timing more accurate, preferably, the water quality monitoring structure includes a monitoring box, a camera, a viewing window, and two groups of supplementary lights. The monitoring box is fixedly connected to the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank. The viewing window is arranged on the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank and inside the monitoring box. The camera and the two groups of supplementary lights are both fixedly connected to the inner lower wall of the monitoring box. The shooting range of the camera and the irradiation ranges of the two groups of supplementary lights are both directed towards the viewing window. A heat dissipation window is arranged on the front wall of the monitoring box. By combining the camera with machine learning such as convolutional neural network CNN or traditional image processing algorithms such as HSV color space analysis and edge detection, the turbidity of the concentrated water can be effectively identified. For example, by analyzing features such as the particle density, color change, and transparency in the image, a mapping relationship with the turbidity is established; this non-contact method has the advantage of avoiding fouling of traditional sensors, reducing the maintenance frequency, and is especially suitable for water sources with high hardness and high suspended solids in plateau areas; at the same time, it has high real-time performance and flexibility, can dynamically respond to water quality changes, and does not rely on a fixed cleaning cycle; for example, when the turbidity of the water source suddenly rises after a heavy rain, the system can immediately trigger the cleaning, avoiding the delay of the traditional timing mode. The supplementary lights can form a constant light source to avoid interference from natural light.

[0011] To improve the anti-fouling effect of the viewing window, preferably, the viewing window is made of high-transparency acrylic, and a titanium dioxide nano-coating is arranged on the side of the high-transparency acrylic facing the inside of the reverse osmosis tank. The transparent acrylic has low cost and is easy to process. The titanium dioxide nano-coating can greatly improve the anti-fouling ability and can maintain the transparency of the observation window for a long time.

[0012] To improve the cleaning efficiency of the filter membrane tube, preferably, the rotating structure includes a first rotating ring and a second rotating ring. The first rotating ring is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the lower fixed sleeve. The second rotating ring is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the upper fixed sleeve. The fixing rod is fixedly connected to the first rotating ring and the second rotating ring respectively through a set of fixing blocks. The scraper is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing rod facing the filter membrane tube.

[0013] Preferably, the scraper is a ceramic sheet, and an arc chamfer is arranged on the side of the ceramic sheet facing the filter membrane tube. The arc chamfer is in contact with the outer wall of the filter membrane tube.

[0014] Preferably, the rotation drive structure includes a motor, a first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear. The motor is fixedly connected to the inner upper wall of the maintenance box. The first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the end of the motor's protruding shaft. The second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drive ring. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0015] Preferably, the linkage structure includes a first annular magnet and a second annular magnet. The first annular magnet is arranged on the upper wall of the drive ring. The second annular magnet is arranged on the lower wall of the driven ring. The fixed seat is made of non-metallic material. When the high-pressure cleaning pump performs the cleaning action, the scraper is driven to rotate by the rotation drive structure, and the surface of the filter membrane tube is scraped by the scraper to remove sediments, greatly improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0016] The present invention provides a plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Compared with the prior art, in this plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system, by combining a camera with machine learning (such as convolutional neural network CNN) or traditional image processing algorithms (such as HSV color space analysis, edge detection), the turbidity of the concentrated water can be effectively identified. After the image collected by the camera is transmitted to the control system, the control system analyzes features such as the particle density, color change, and transparency in the image, and establishes a mapping relationship with the turbidity. This monitoring method has the advantage of being non-contact, can avoid the problem of sensor fouling, reduce the maintenance frequency, is especially suitable for water sources with high hardness and high suspended solids, and has high real-time performance and flexibility, dynamically responding to water quality changes without relying on a fixed cleaning cycle.

[0018] 2. Compared with the prior art, in this plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system, after the viewing window is provided with a titanium dioxide coating on the acrylic surface, it can decompose organic substances through photocatalysis, inhibit the formation of surface biofilms, and has high anti-fouling ability, reducing the deposition of surface particles and keeping the camera's clear view.

[0019] 3. Compared with the prior art, in this plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system, a scraper is arranged on the surface of the filter membrane tube. When the high-pressure cleaning pump extracts purified water to backwash the filter membrane tube, the motor drives the scraper to rotate, scraping the surface of the filter membrane tube, improving the shedding efficiency of the deposited particles on the surface of the filter membrane tube, and greatly improving the cleaning efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the internal structures of the reverse osmosis box, the water collection box, and the maintenance box of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 of the present invention Figure 2Partial enlarged view at location A in [the figure];

[0023] Figure 4 Partial cross-sectional view of the connection structure between the filter membrane tube and the lower fixing sleeve of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Partial cross-sectional view of the connection structure between the filter membrane tube and the upper fixing sleeve of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the fixing seat structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Top-down cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the monitoring box of the present invention.

[0027] Wherein, 1. Maintenance box; 2. Foot; 3. Reverse osmosis box; 4. Water collection box; 5. Water outlet joint; 6. Water outlet pipe; 7. High-pressure backwash pipe; 8. High-pressure cleaning pump; 9. Flushing water inlet pipe; 10. Water inlet pipe; 11. Concentrate discharge pipe; 12. Electric control valve; 13. Maintenance door; 14. Monitoring box; 15. Heat dissipation window; 16. Fixing seat; 1601. Ring groove; 17. Lower fixing sleeve; 18. Locking end cover; 19. First rotating ring; 20. Fixing block; 21. Fixing rod; 22. Scraper; 23. Filter membrane tube; 24. Upper fixing sleeve; 25. Second rotating ring; 26. Connecting pipe; 27. Motor; 28. First bevel gear; 29. Driving ring; 30. Second bevel gear; 31. First annular magnet; 32. Driven ring; 33. Second annular magnet; 34. Camera; 35. Supplementary light; 36. Visual window. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment:

[0030] As Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system, which includes a control system, a raw water sedimentation tank, a pre-filter device, a reverse osmosis filtration device, and a clean water tank. The reverse osmosis filtration device is composed of a collection tank 4, a reverse osmosis tank 3, and a maintenance tank 1 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Four groups of feet 2 are provided on the lower wall of the maintenance tank 1. A maintenance door 13 is rotatably connected to the front wall of the maintenance tank 1. A filter membrane tube 23 is arranged inside the reverse osmosis tank 3. The filter membrane tube 23 is composed of a filter membrane and upper and lower fixed ends arranged at both ends of the filter membrane. Water inlet pipes 10 and concentrated water discharge pipes 11 are respectively arranged on the left and right side walls of the reverse osmosis tank 3. A water outlet joint 5 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the collection tank 4. One end of the water outlet joint 5 far away from the collection tank 4 is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe 6 and a high-pressure backwashing pipe 7 through a three-way joint. Electric control valves 12 are arranged on the outer walls of the water outlet pipe 6, the high-pressure backwashing pipe 7, the water inlet pipe 10, and the concentrated water discharge pipe 11;

[0031] In order to clean the filter membrane tube 23, a high-pressure cleaning structure for providing high-pressure water to backwash and clean the filter membrane tube 23 is arranged at one end of the high-pressure backwashing pipe 7 far away from the three-way joint. The high-pressure cleaning structure includes a high-pressure cleaning pump 8 and a flushing water inlet pipe 9. The high-pressure cleaning pump 8 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the collection tank 4. The outlet end of the high-pressure cleaning pump 8 is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure backwashing pipe 7 far away from the three-way joint. The flushing water inlet pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure cleaning pump 8. When performing the cleaning action, the high-pressure cleaning pump 8 pumps the clean water in the clean water tank, and washes the filter membrane tube 23 along the water outlet joint 5 and the connecting pipe 26 through the high-pressure backwashing pipe 7;

[0032] In order to improve the cleaning efficiency of the filter membrane tube 23, a scraper 22 for cleaning the sediment on the surface of the filter membrane tube 23 is arranged inside the reverse osmosis tank 3. The scraper 22 is a ceramic piece. An arc chamfer is arranged on one side of the ceramic piece facing the filter membrane tube 23. The arc chamfer is in contact with the outer wall of the filter membrane tube 23. When the high-pressure cleaning pump 8 performs the cleaning action, the scraper 22 is driven to rotate by a rotation driving structure, and the surface of the filter membrane tube 23 is scraped by the scraper 22 to remove the sediment, greatly improving the cleaning efficiency;

[0033] To make the cleaning time more accurate, a water quality monitoring structure for observing the water quality situation is provided on the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank 3. The water quality monitoring structure includes a monitoring box 14, a camera 34, a viewing window 36, and two groups of supplementary light lamps 35. The monitoring box 14 is fixedly connected to the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank 3. The viewing window 36 is provided on the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank 3 and is located inside the monitoring box 14. The camera 34 and the two groups of supplementary light lamps 35 are both fixedly connected to the inner lower wall of the monitoring box 14. The shooting range of the camera 34 and the irradiation ranges of the two groups of supplementary light lamps 35 both face the viewing window 36. A heat dissipation window 15 is provided on the front wall of the monitoring box 14. By combining the camera 34 with machine learning (such as convolutional neural network CNN) or traditional image processing algorithms (such as HSV color space analysis, edge detection), the turbidity of the concentrated water can be effectively identified. For example, by analyzing features such as the particle density, color change, and transparency in the image, a mapping relationship with the turbidity is established. This non-contact method has the advantage of avoiding fouling of traditional sensors, reducing the maintenance frequency, and is especially suitable for water sources with high hardness and high suspended solids in plateau areas. At the same time, it has high real-time performance and flexibility, can dynamically respond to water quality changes, and does not rely on a fixed cleaning cycle. For example, when the turbidity of the water source suddenly rises after a heavy rain, the system can immediately trigger cleaning, avoiding the delay of the traditional timing mode. The supplementary light lamps 35 can form a constant light source to avoid interference from natural light;

[0034] To improve the anti-fouling effect of the viewing window 36, the viewing window 36 is made of high-transparency acrylic. A titanium dioxide nano-coating is provided on the side of the high-transparency acrylic facing the inside of the reverse osmosis tank 3. The transparent acrylic has a low cost and is easy to process. The titanium dioxide nano-coating can greatly improve the anti-fouling ability and can maintain the transparency of the observation window for a long time;

[0035] To facilitate the disassembly, installation, and maintenance of the filter membrane tube 23, a fixed seat 16 is fixedly connected between the lower wall of the reverse osmosis tank 3 and the upper wall of the maintenance box 1. An upper fixing sleeve 17 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the fixed seat 16. The lower wall of the upper fixing sleeve 17 penetrates through the fixed seat 16 and extends into the maintenance box 1. An installation hole for the filter membrane tube 23 to pass through is provided on the inner wall of the upper fixing sleeve 17. The filter membrane tube 23 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the installation hole. A locking end cap 18 for locking the filter membrane tube 23 is provided at the lower end of the upper fixing sleeve 17. An upper fixing sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to the inner upper wall of the reverse osmosis tank 3. The upper end of the upper fixing sleeve 24 sequentially penetrates through the upper wall of the reverse osmosis tank 3 and the lower wall of the water collection tank 4 and extends into the water collection tank 4. The upper fixing sleeve 24 and the upper fixing sleeve 17 are opposite to each other up and down. An installation step for inserting the upper fixing end of the filter membrane tube 23 is provided on the lower wall of the upper fixing sleeve 24. One end of the upper fixing sleeve 24 extending into the water collection tank 4 is connected to the water outlet joint 5 through a connecting pipe 26. By unscrewing the locking end cap 18, the filter membrane tube 23 can be pulled out downward from the installation hole of the upper fixing sleeve 17. To replace the new filter membrane tube 23, it only needs to be inserted from the installation hole until it is inserted into the installation step, and then the locking end cap 18 is screwed on to lock it. The disassembly and installation are very convenient. Common sealing parts on the market are provided between the filter membrane tube 23 and the installation hole and the installation step;

[0036] To facilitate the rotation of the scraping blade 22, one end outer wall of the lower fixed sleeve 17 and the upper fixed sleeve 24 extending into the reverse osmosis tank 3 is rotationally connected to a fixed rod 21 through a rotating structure. The rotating structure includes a first rotating ring 19 and a second rotating ring 25. The first rotating ring 19 is rotationally connected to the outer wall of the lower fixed sleeve 17, and the second rotating ring 25 is rotationally connected to the outer wall of the upper fixed sleeve 24. The fixed rod 21 is fixedly connected to the first rotating ring 19 and the second rotating ring 25 respectively through a set of fixing blocks 20. The scraping blade 22 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed rod 21 facing the filter membrane tube 23. By providing the first rotating ring 19 and the second rotating ring 25, it is convenient for the scraping blade 22 to rotate around the circumferential outer wall of the filter membrane tube 23;

[0037] To drive the driving ring 29 to rotate, a driven ring 32 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower fixed sleeve 17 and near the lower end. A ring groove 1601 is provided on the lower wall of the fixed seat 16 and around the mounting hole. The inner side wall of the ring groove 1601 is rotationally connected to the driving ring 29. A rotating driving structure for driving the driving ring 29 to rotate is provided between the inner upper wall of the maintenance box 1 and the driving ring 29. The rotating driving structure includes a motor 27, a first bevel gear 28 and a second bevel gear 30. The motor 27 is fixedly connected to the inner upper wall of the maintenance box 1. The first bevel gear 28 is fixedly connected to the end of the protruding shaft of the motor 27. The second bevel gear 30 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving ring 29. The second bevel gear 30 meshes with the first bevel gear 28. After the motor 27 is started, the second bevel gear 30 is driven to rotate by the first bevel gear 28. When the second bevel gear 30 rotates, it drives the driving ring 29 to rotate;

[0038] To drive the driven ring 32 to rotate when the driving ring 29 rotates, a linkage structure for linkage is provided between the driving ring 29 and the driven ring 32. The linkage structure includes a first annular magnet 31 and a second annular magnet 33. The first annular magnet 31 is provided on the upper wall of the driving ring 29, and the second annular magnet 33 is provided on the lower wall of the driven ring 32. The fixed seat 16 is made of a non-metallic material. When the driving ring 29 is driven to rotate by the motor 27, the driven ring 32 is driven to rotate through the magnetic attraction of the first annular magnet 31 and the second annular magnet 33, so as to drive the scraping blade 22 to rotate around the filter membrane tube 23, forming a scraping action.

[0039] Working principle: When performing the cleaning action, the high-pressure cleaning pump 8 extracts the clean water in the clean water tank, and through the high-pressure backflush pipe 7 along the water outlet joint 5 and the connecting pipe 26, it cleans the filter membrane tube 23. When the high-pressure cleaning pump 8 performs the cleaning action, the scraper 22 is driven to rotate by the rotation drive structure, and the surface of the filter membrane tube 23 is scraped by the scraper 22 to remove the sediment, greatly improving the cleaning efficiency. By setting the first rotating ring 19 and the second rotating ring 25, it is convenient for the scraper 22 to rotate around the circumferential outer wall of the filter membrane tube 23. After the motor 27 is started, it drives the second bevel gear 30 to rotate through the first bevel gear 28. When the second bevel gear 30 rotates, it drives the drive ring 29 to rotate. When the drive ring 29 is driven to rotate by the motor 27, through the magnetic attraction of the first annular magnet 31 and the second annular magnet 33, it drives the driven ring 32 to rotate, thereby driving the scraper 22 to rotate around the filter membrane tube 23 to form a scraping action;

[0040] The turbidity of the concentrated water can be effectively identified by the camera 34 combined with machine learning (such as convolutional neural network CNN) or traditional image processing algorithms (such as HSV color space analysis, edge detection). For example, by analyzing features such as the particle density, color change, and transparency in the image, a mapping relationship with the turbidity is established; this non-contact method has the advantage of avoiding fouling of traditional sensors, reducing the maintenance frequency, and is especially suitable for water sources with high hardness and high suspended solids in plateau areas; at the same time, it has high real-time performance and flexibility, can dynamically respond to water quality changes, and does not rely on a fixed cleaning cycle; for example, when the turbidity of the water source suddenly rises after a heavy rain, the system can immediately trigger cleaning to avoid the delay of the traditional timing mode. The supplementary light 35 can form a constant light source to avoid interference from natural light. The viewing window 36 is made of high-transparency acrylic, and a titanium dioxide nano-coating is provided on the side of the high-transparency acrylic facing the inside of the reverse osmosis tank 3. The transparent acrylic has a low cost and is easy to process, and the titanium dioxide nano-coating can greatly improve the anti-fouling ability and maintain the transparency of the observation window for a long time;

[0041] Unscrew the locking end cap 18, and the filter membrane tube 23 can be pulled out downward from the installation hole of the lower fixing sleeve 17. To replace the new filter membrane tube 23, only insert it from the installation hole until it is inserted into the installation step, and then screw on the locking end cap 18 to lock it. The installation and removal are very convenient. Common seals on the market are provided between the filter membrane tube 23 and the installation hole and the installation step.

[0042] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system, characterized in that: It includes a control system, a raw water sedimentation tank, a pre-filter device, a reverse osmosis filtration device, and a clean water tank. The reverse osmosis filtration device is composed of a water collection tank (4), a reverse osmosis tank (3), and a maintenance tank (1) which are distributed successively from top to bottom. Four groups of feet (2) are provided on the lower wall of the maintenance tank (1). A maintenance door (13) is rotatably connected to the front wall of the maintenance tank (1). A filter membrane tube (23) is arranged inside the reverse osmosis tank (3). The filter membrane tube (23) is composed of a filter membrane and upper and lower fixed ends arranged at the upper and lower ends of the filter membrane. An inlet pipe (10) and a concentrated water discharge pipe (11) are respectively arranged on the left and right side walls of the reverse osmosis tank (3). A water outlet joint (5) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the water collection tank (4). One end of the water outlet joint (5) far away from the water collection tank (4) is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe (6) and a high-pressure backwashing pipe (7) through a three-way joint. A high-pressure cleaning structure for providing high-pressure water to backwash and clean the filter membrane tube (23) is arranged at one end of the high-pressure backwashing pipe (7) far away from the three-way joint. A scraper (22) for cleaning the sediment on the surface of the filter membrane tube (23) is arranged inside the reverse osmosis tank (3). A water quality monitoring structure for observing the water quality condition is arranged on the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank (3). Electric control valves (12) are arranged on the outer walls of the water outlet pipe (6), the high-pressure backwashing pipe (7), the inlet pipe (10), and the concentrated water discharge pipe (11).

2. The self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system for plateau according to claim 1, wherein: A fixed seat (16) is fixedly connected between the lower wall of the reverse osmosis tank (3) and the upper wall of the maintenance tank (1). An upper fixing sleeve (17) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the fixed seat (16). The lower wall of the upper fixing sleeve (17) penetrates through the fixed seat (16) and extends into the maintenance tank (1). An installation hole for the filter membrane tube (23) to pass through is arranged on the inner wall of the upper fixing sleeve (17). The filter membrane tube (23) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the installation hole. A locking end cover (18) for locking the filter membrane tube (23) is arranged at the lower end of the upper fixing sleeve (17). An upper fixing sleeve (24) is fixedly connected to the inner upper wall of the reverse osmosis tank (3). The upper end of the upper fixing sleeve (24) successively penetrates through the upper wall of the reverse osmosis tank (3) and the lower wall of the water collection tank (4) and extends into the water collection tank (4). The upper fixing sleeve (24) is opposite to the upper fixing sleeve (17) up and down. An installation step for inserting the upper fixed end of the filter membrane tube (23) is arranged on the lower wall of the upper fixing sleeve (24). One end of the upper fixing sleeve (24) extending into the water collection tank (4) is connected to the water outlet joint (5) through a connecting pipe (26).

3. The self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system for plateau according to claim 2, wherein: One end of the lower fixed sleeve (17) and the upper fixed sleeve (24) extending into the interior of the reverse osmosis tank (3) is rotatably connected to a fixed rod (21) through a rotating structure. A driven ring (32) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower fixed sleeve (17) near the lower end. A ring groove (1601) is provided on the lower wall of the fixed seat (16) and around the mounting hole. The inner side wall of the ring groove (1601) is rotatably connected to a driving ring (29). A rotating driving structure for driving the driving ring (29) to rotate is provided between the inner upper wall of the maintenance box (1) and the driving ring (29). A linkage structure for linkage is provided between the driving ring (29) and the driven ring (32).

4. A high-altitude self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-pressure cleaning structure includes a high-pressure cleaning pump (8) and a flushing water inlet pipe (9). The high-pressure cleaning pump (8) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the water collection tank (4). The outlet end of the high-pressure cleaning pump (8) is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure backwash pipe (7) away from the three-way joint. The flushing water inlet pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure cleaning pump (8).

5. A high-altitude self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water quality monitoring structure includes a monitoring box (14), a camera (34), a viewing window (36), and two groups of supplementary light lamps (35). The monitoring box (14) is fixedly connected to the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank (3). The viewing window (36) is arranged on the front wall of the reverse osmosis tank (3) and inside the monitoring box (14). The camera (34) and the two groups of supplementary light lamps (35) are both fixedly connected to the inner lower wall of the monitoring box (14). The shooting range of the camera (34) and the irradiation ranges of the two groups of supplementary light lamps (35) both face the viewing window (36). A heat dissipation window (15) is provided on the front wall of the monitoring box (14).

6. The high-altitude self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system according to claim 5, wherein: The viewing window (36) is made of high-transparency acrylic. A titanium dioxide nano-coating is provided on the side of the high-transparency acrylic facing the interior of the reverse osmosis tank (3).

7. The plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system according to claim 6, wherein: The rotating structure includes a first rotating ring (19) and a second rotating ring (25). The first rotating ring (19) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the lower fixed sleeve (17). The second rotating ring (25) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the upper fixed sleeve (24). The fixed rod (21) is fixedly connected to the first rotating ring (19) and the second rotating ring (25) respectively through a set of fixing blocks (20). The scraper (22) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed rod (21) facing the filter membrane tube (23).

8. A high-altitude self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system according to claim 7, wherein: The scraper (22) is a ceramic sheet. An arc chamfer is provided on the side of the ceramic sheet facing the filter membrane tube (23). The arc chamfer is in contact with the outer wall of the filter membrane tube (23).

9. The plateau self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating driving structure includes a motor (27), a first bevel gear (28), and a second bevel gear (30). The motor (27) is fixedly connected to the inner upper wall of the maintenance box (1). The first bevel gear (28) is fixedly connected to the end of the protruding shaft of the motor (27). The second bevel gear (30) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving ring (29). The second bevel gear (30) meshes with the first bevel gear (28).

10. A high-altitude self-cleaning reverse osmosis water purification system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The linkage structure includes a first annular magnet (31) and a second annular magnet (33). The first annular magnet (31) is disposed on the upper wall of the driving ring (29), and the second annular magnet (33) is disposed on the lower wall of the driven ring (32). The fixing base (16) is made of a non-metallic material.

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