Light-emitting element, fused polycyclic compound, and display device

Abstract

Embodiments provide a fused polycyclic compound, a light-emitting element, and a display device. The light-emitting element includes a first electrode, a second electrode disposed on the first electrode, and a light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which the light-emitting layer includes the fused polycyclic compound. Said fused polycyclic compound is represented by Formula 1 described in the specification: [Formula 1] # imgabs0 #

Description

[0001] Cross - Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0007565, filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on January 17, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a light-emitting element, a fused polycyclic compound for a light-emitting element, and a display device including the light-emitting element. Background Art

[0004] Organic electroluminescent display devices are being continuously developed as image displays. An organic electroluminescent display device is different from a liquid crystal display device, etc., in that the organic electroluminescent display device is a so-called self-luminous display device that realizes display by causing holes and electrons injected from a first electrode and a second electrode in a light-emitting layer to recombine to emit light from a light-emitting material including an organic compound.

[0005] In the application of an organic electroluminescent element to a display device, a lower driving voltage, improved luminous efficiency, and longer device life are continuously required. There is a need to continuously develop materials for organic electroluminescent elements that can stably achieve these characteristics.

[0006] To realize an organic electroluminescent element with high efficiency, technologies related to phosphorescent emission using triplet energy or fluorescent emission related to the generation of singlet excitons through the collision of triplet excitons (triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA)) are being developed. Currently, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials that utilize the delayed fluorescence phenomenon are being developed.

[0007] It should be understood that this background art section is intended to partly provide useful background for understanding the present technology. However, this background art section may also include ideas, concepts, or understandings that are not known or understood by those skilled in the relevant art before the corresponding effective filing date of the subject matter disclosed herein. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Embodiments provide a light-emitting element having improved luminous efficiency and element life.

[0009] Another embodiment provides a fused polycyclic compound capable of improving the luminous efficiency and element life of a light-emitting element.

[0010] Another embodiment provides a display device having excellent display quality by including a light-emitting element having improved efficiency and life.

[0011] According to an embodiment, the light-emitting element may include a first electrode, a second electrode disposed on the first electrode, and a light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the light-emitting layer may include a first compound represented by Formula 1 (i.e., the fused polycyclic compound):

[0012] [Formula 1]

[0013]

[0014] In Formula 1, X 1 , X 2 and X 3 may each independently be O, S, Se, C(R 15 )(R 16 ), P(R 17 ), Si(R 18 )(R 19 ), C═O, C═S or N(R 20 ); Y 1 and Y 2 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms; Z may be O, S, Se, C(R 21 )(R 22 ), P(R 23 ), Si(R 24 )(R 25 ), C═O or C═S; and R 1 to R 25 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding with an adjacent group, provided that:

[0015] If Y 1 and Y 2 are each an alkyl group, then R 1 to R 20 may not bond with an adjacent group to form a ring; and R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9At least one of them can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0016] In the embodiments, the first compound can be represented by one of Formulas 2-1 to 2-4:

[0017] [Formula 2-1]

[0018]

[0019] [Formula 2-2]

[0020]

[0021] [Formula 2-3]

[0022]

[0023] [Formula 2-4]

[0024]

[0025] In Formulas 2-1 to 2-4, Y 1a and Y 2a can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and Y 1b and Y 2b can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0026] In Formula 2-1, X 1 ', X 2 ' and X 3 ' can each independently be O, S, Se, C(R 15 ')(R 16 '), P(R 17 '), Si(R 18 ')(R 19 '), C=O, C=S or N(R 20 '); and R 1 ' to R 20 ' can each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0027] In Formulas 2-1 to 2-4, Z, X 1 to X 3 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0028] In an embodiment, the first compound may be represented by one of Formulas 3-1 to 3-6: [Formula 3-1]

[0029]

[0030] [Formula 3-2]

[0031]

[0032] [Formula 3-3]

[0033]

[0034] [Formula 3-4]

[0035]

[0036] [Formula 3-5]

[0037]

[0038] [Formula 3-6]

[0039]

[0040] In Formulas 3-1 to 3-6, R 1a , R 2a , R 8a and R 9a may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0041] In Formulas 3-1 to 3-6, Z, X 1 to X 3 , Y 1 , Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0042] In an embodiment, the first compound may be represented by Formula 4:

[0043] [Formula 4]

[0044]

[0045] In Formula 4, X 1 to X 3 , Y 1 , Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0046] In an embodiment, the first compound may be represented by one of Formulas 5-1 to 5-3:

[0047] [Formula 5-1]

[0048]

[0049] [Formula 5-2]

[0050]

[0051] [Formula 5-3]

[0052]

[0053] In Formulas 5-1 to 5-3, R 31 to R 37 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0054] In Formulas 5-1 to 5-3, Y 1 , Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0055] In an embodiment, the first compound may be represented by Formula 6:

[0056] [Formula 6]

[0057]

[0058] In Formula 6, A 1 to A 8 may each independently be a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom.

[0059] In Formula 6, Z, X 1 to X 3 , Y 1 , Y 2 , R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12The same as defined in Formula 1.

[0060] In an embodiment, Y 1 and Y 2 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 15 ring carbon atoms.

[0061] In an embodiment, R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 at least one of which can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group; and the remaining groups among R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 can each independently be a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom.

[0062] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer may further include at least one of a second compound represented by Formula HT-1, a third compound represented by Formula ET-1, and a fourth compound represented by Formula D-1:

[0063] [Formula HT-1]

[0064]

[0065] In Formula HT-1, M1 to M8 can each independently be N or C(R 51 ); L1 can be a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms; Y a can be a direct bond, C(R 52 )(R 53 ) or Si(R 54 )(R 55 ); Ar a can be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms; and R 51 to R 55Each may independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding to an adjacent group.

[0066] [Formula ET-1]

[0067]

[0068] In Formula ET-1, at least one of Z a to Z c may each be N, and the remaining groups among Z a to Z c may each independently be C(R 56 ); R 56 may be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring carbon atoms; b1 to b3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10; Ar b to Ar d may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms; and L2 to L4 may each independently be a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0069] [Formula D-1]

[0070]

[0071] In Formula D-1, Q1 to Q4 may each independently be C or N; C1 to C4 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring having 5 to 30 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms; X 11 to X 14 may each independently be a direct bond or *-O-*; L 11 to L 13Each may independently be a direct bond, *-O-*, *-S-*, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms; b11 to b13 may each independently be 0 or 1; R 61 to R 66 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring carbon atoms; and d1 to d4 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 4.

[0072] In an embodiment, the first compound may include at least one compound selected from Compound Group 1 described below.

[0073] According to an embodiment, a display device may include a substrate layer, a circuit layer disposed on the substrate layer, and a display element layer disposed on the circuit layer, the display element layer including a light-emitting element, wherein,

[0074] the light-emitting element may include a first electrode, a second electrode disposed on the first electrode, and a light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and the light-emitting layer may include a first compound represented by Formula 1 described herein.

[0075] In an embodiment, the light-emitting element may further include a cover layer disposed on the second electrode; and the cover layer may have a refractive index equal to or greater than about 1.6 with respect to light in a wavelength range of about 550 nm to about 660 nm.

[0076] In an embodiment, the display device may further include a light control layer disposed on the display element layer, wherein,

[0077] The light-emitting element may emit light of a first color; and the light control layer may include a first light control unit, a second light control unit, and a third light control unit. The first light control unit includes a first quantum dot that converts the first-color light into second-color light having a wavelength range longer than that of the first-color light. The second light control unit includes a second quantum dot that converts the first-color light into third-color light having a wavelength range longer than those of the first-color light and the second-color light. The third light control unit transmits the first-color light.

[0078] In an embodiment, the display device may further include a color filter layer disposed on the light control layer. The color filter layer may include a first color filter that transmits the second-color light, a second color filter that transmits the third-color light, and a third color filter that transmits the first-color light.

[0079] According to an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound may be represented by Formula 1 described herein.

[0080] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by one of Formulae 2-1 to 2-4 described herein.

[0081] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by one of Formulae 3-1 to 3-6 described herein.

[0082] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 4 described herein.

[0083] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by one of Formulae 5-1 to 5-3 described herein.

[0084] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound may be selected from Compound Group 1 described below.

[0085] It should be understood that the above embodiments are described in a general and illustrative sense only and are not for the purpose of limitation, and the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] The drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments, and the drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and their principles. By describing the embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the drawings, the above and other aspects and features of the present disclosure will become clearer. In the drawings:

[0087] Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to an embodiment;

[0088] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment;

[0089] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting element according to an embodiment;

[0090] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting element according to an embodiment;

[0091] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting element according to an embodiment;

[0092] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting element according to an embodiment;

[0093] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment;

[0094] Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment;

[0095] Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment;

[0096] Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment; and

[0097] Figure 11 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a display device according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0098] The present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments are shown. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0099] In the drawings, for the sake of description and clarity, the dimensions, thicknesses, ratios, and dimensions of the elements may be exaggerated. The same reference numerals and reference letters always refer to the same elements.

[0100] In the specification, it will be understood that when an element (or region, layer, portion, etc.) is referred to as being “on” another element, “connected to” or “coupled to” another element, the element can be directly on the other element, directly connected to or coupled to the other element, or there can be one or more intervening elements therebetween. In a similar sense, when an element (or region, layer, portion, etc.) is described as “covering” another element, the element can directly cover the other element, or there can be one or more intervening elements therebetween.

[0101] In the specification, when an element is “directly on” another element, “directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another element, there is no intervening element. For example, “directly on” can mean that two layers or two elements are arranged such that there is no additional element such as an adhesive element therebetween.

[0102] Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, statements such as “a,” “an,” and “the” used in the singular in this document are also intended to include the plural forms.

[0103] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, “A and / or B” can be understood to mean “A, B, or A and B.” The terms “and” and “or” can be used in a conjunctive or disjunctive sense and can be understood to be equivalent to “and / or.”

[0104] In the specification and claims, for purposes of their meaning and interpretation, the term “at least one of...” is intended to include the meaning of “at least one selected from the group consisting of...” For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” can be understood to mean only A, only B, only C, or any combination of two or more of A, B, and C, such as ABC, AC, BC, or AB. When the term “at least one of...” is before or after a list of elements, it modifies the entire list of elements, rather than individual elements in the list.

[0105] It will be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure, a first element can be referred to as a second element. Similarly, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, a second element can be referred to as a first element.

[0106] For ease of description, in this document, spatial relative terms such as "below", "beneath", "under", "above", or "on" may be used to describe the relationship between one element or component shown in the figures and another element or component. It will be understood that, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures, spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device during use or operation. For example, in the case of flipping the device shown in the figures, a device located "below" or "beneath" another device may be located "above" the other device. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can include both lower and upper positions. The device may also be oriented in other directions, and thus the spatial relative terms may be interpreted differently depending on the orientation.

[0107] As used herein, the term "about" or "approximately" includes the stated value and means within an acceptable deviation range of the stated value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the measurements discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of the recited quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "about" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the stated value.

[0108] It should be understood that the terms "comprises / comprising", "includes / including", "has / having", "contains / containing", etc. are intended to specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof in the present disclosure, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0109] Unless otherwise defined or implied herein, all terms used (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined in the specification.

[0110] In the specification, the term "substituted or unsubstituted" may describe a group that is substituted or unsubstituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amine group, a silyl group, an oxy group, a thio group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, a carbonyl group, a boron group, a phosphinyl group, a phosphinothioyl group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a hydrocarbon ring group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group. Each of the substituents listed above may itself be substituted or unsubstituted. For example, a biphenyl group may be interpreted as an aryl group, or it may be interpreted as a phenyl group substituted by a phenyl group.

[0111] In the specification, the phrase "forming a ring by bonding to an adjacent group" may refer to a group that bonds to an adjacent group to form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring. The hydrocarbon ring may be aliphatic or aromatic. The heterocyclic ring may be aliphatic or aromatic. The hydrocarbon ring and the heterocyclic ring may each independently be a monocyclic or polycyclic ring. The ring formed by adjacent groups bonded to each other may itself be linked to another ring to form a spiro ring structure.

[0112] In the specification, the term "adjacent group" may be interpreted as a substituent that substitutes an atom directly connected to the atom substituted by the corresponding substituent, as another substituent that substitutes the atom substituted by the corresponding substituent, or as a substituent that is spatially located in the closest position to the corresponding substituent. For example, the two methyl groups in 1,2-dimethylbenzene may be interpreted as "adjacent groups" to each other, and the two ethyl groups in 1,1-diethylcyclopentane may be interpreted as "adjacent groups" to each other. For example, the two methyl groups in 4,5-dimethylphenanthrene may be interpreted as "adjacent groups" to each other.

[0113] In the specification, examples of the halogen atom may include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.

[0114] In the specification, the alkyl group may be straight-chain or branched-chain. The number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group may be 1 to 50, 1 to 30, 1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 1 to 6. Examples of the alkyl group may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2-ethylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylhexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-butylhexyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylheptyl, 2,2-dimethylheptyl, 2-ethylheptyl, 2-butylheptyl, n-octyl, tert-octyl, 2-ethyloctyl, 2-butyl octyl, 2-hexyloctyl, 3,7-dimethyloctyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, adamantyl, 2-ethyldecyl, 2-butyldecyl, 2-hexyldecyl, 2-octyldecyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, 2-ethyldodecyl, 2-butyl dodecyl, 2-hexyldodecyl, 2-octyldodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, 2-ethylhexadecyl, 2-butylhexadecyl, 2-hexylhexadecyl, 2-octylhexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecyl, n-eicosyl, 2-ethyleicosyl, 2-butyleicosyl, 2-hexyleicosyl, 2-octyleicosyl, n-heneicosyl, n-docosyl, n-tricosyl, n-tetracosyl, n-pentacosyl, n-hexacosyl, n-heptacosyl, n-octacosyl, n-nonacosyl, n-triacontyl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0115] In the specification, the cycloalkyl group may be a cyclic alkyl group. The number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group may be 3 to 50, 3 to 30, 3 to 20, or 3 to 10. Examples of the cycloalkyl group may include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, norbornyl, 1-adamantyl, 2-adamantyl, isobornyl, bicycloheptyl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0116] In the specification, the alkenyl group may be a hydrocarbon group including at least one carbon-carbon double bond at the middle or end of an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms. The alkenyl group may be straight-chain or branched-chain. The number of carbon atoms in the alkenyl group is not particularly limited and may be 2 to 30, 2 to 20, or 2 to 10. Examples of the alkenyl group may include vinyl, 1-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, styryl, styrylethylene, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0117] In the specification, an alkynyl group may be a hydrocarbon group including at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at the middle or terminal of an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms. The alkynyl group may be straight-chain or branched-chain. The number of carbon atoms in the alkynyl group is not particularly limited and may be 2 to 30, 2 to 20, or 2 to 10. Examples of the alkynyl group may include ethynyl, propynyl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0118] In the specification, a hydrocarbon ring group may be any functional group or substituent derived from an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring. For example, the hydrocarbon ring group may be a saturated hydrocarbon ring group having 5 to 20 ring-forming carbon atoms.

[0119] In the specification, an aryl group may be any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon ring. The aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. The number of ring-forming carbon atoms in the aryl group may be 6 to 60, 6 to 50, 6 to 40, 6 to 30, 6 to 20, or 6 to 15. Examples of the aryl group may include phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthryl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, quinquephenyl, sexiphenyl, benzophenanthryl, pyrenyl, benzo[a]pyrenyl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0120] In the specification, the fluorenyl group may be substituted, and two substituents may be bonded to each other to form a spiro ring structure. Examples of the substituted fluorenyl group may include the groups shown below. However, the examples are not limited thereto.

[0121]

[0122] In the specification, a heterocyclic group may be any functional group or substituent derived from a ring including at least one of B, O, N, P, Si, S, and Se as a heteroatom. The heterocyclic group may be aliphatic or aromatic. The aromatic heterocyclic group may be a heteroaryl group. The aliphatic heterocycle and the aromatic heterocycle may each independently be monocyclic or polycyclic.

[0123] If the heterocyclic group includes two or more heteroatoms, the two or more heteroatoms may be the same or different from each other. The number of ring-forming carbon atoms in the heterocyclic group may be 2 to 60, 2 to 50, 2 to 40, 2 to 30, 2 to 20, or 2 to 10.

[0124] Examples of the aliphatic heterocyclic group may include oxiranyl, thiiranyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, thiacyclopentyl, tetrahydropyranyl, 1,4-dioxanyl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0125] Examples of heteroaryl may include thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, bipyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, triazolyl, acridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenoxazinyl, phthalazinyl, pyridopyrimidinyl, pyridopyrazinyl, pyrazinopyrazinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, carbazolyl, N-arylcarbazolyl, N-heteroarylcarbazolyl, N-alkylcarbazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzothienyl, dibenzothienyl, thienothienyl, benzofuryl, phenanthrolinyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, phenothiazinyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzofuryl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0126] In the specification, the above description of aryl can be applied to arylene, with the difference that arylene is a divalent group. In the specification, the above description of heteroaryl can be applied to heteroarylene, with the difference that heteroarylene is a divalent group.

[0127] In the specification, silyl may be alkylsilyl or arylsilyl. Examples of silyl may include trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, vinyldimethylsilyl, propyldimethylsilyl, triphenylsilyl, diphenylsilyl, phenylsilyl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0128] In the specification, the number of carbon atoms in acyl (or carbonyl) is not particularly limited and may be 1 to 40, 1 to 30, 1 to 20, or 1 to 10. Examples of acyl may include acetyl, ethylcarbonyl, isopropylcarbonyl, naphthylcarbonyl, cyclopentylcarbonyl, cyclohexylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto. For example, acyl may have the following structure, but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0129]

[0130] In the specification, the number of carbon atoms in sulfinyl or sulfonyl is not particularly limited and may be 1 to 30. Sulfinyl may be alkylsulfinyl or arylsulfinyl. Sulfonyl may be alkylsulfonyl or arylsulfonyl.

[0131] In the specification, thio may be alkylthio or arylthio. Thio may be a sulfur atom bonded to an alkyl or aryl as defined above. Examples of thio may include methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, pentylthio, hexylthio, octylthio, dodecylthio, cyclopentylthio, cyclohexylthio, phenylthio, naphthylthio, but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0132] In the specification, an oxy group may be an oxygen atom bonded to an alkyl or aryl group as defined above. The oxy group may be an alkoxy group or an aryloxy group. The alkoxy group may be linear, branched, or cyclic. The number of carbon atoms in the alkoxy group is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 1 to 20 or 1 to 10. Examples of the oxy group may include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, octyloxy, nonyloxy, decyloxy, benzyloxy, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0133] In the specification, a boryl group may be a boron atom bonded to an alkyl or aryl group as defined above. The boryl group may be an alkylboryl group or an arylboryl group. Examples of the boryl group may include dimethylboryl, tert-butylmethylboryl, diphenylboryl, phenylboryl, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0134] In the specification, the number of carbon atoms in an amino group is not particularly limited and may be 1 to 30. The amino group may be an alkylamino group or an arylamino group. Examples of the amino group may include methylamino, dimethylamino, anilino, diphenylamino, naphthylamino, 9-methyl-anthrylamino, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0135] In the specification, an amino group may be a functional group represented by -NH2.

[0136] In this specification, a hydroxyl group may be a functional group represented by -OH.

[0137] In the specification, the alkyl group in an alkylthio group, an alkylsulfoxy group, an alkylaryl group, an alkylamino group, an alkylboryl group, an alkylsilyl group, or an alkylamino group may be the same as the examples of the alkyl group described above.

[0138] In the specification, the aryl group in an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an arylsulfoxy group, an arylamino group, an arylboryl group, an arylsilyl group, or an arylamino group may be the same as the examples of the aryl group described above.

[0139] In the specification, a direct bond may be a single bond.

[0140] In the specification, the symbol and -* each represent a bond to an adjacent atom in the corresponding formula or moiety.

[0141] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0142] Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a display device DD according to an embodiment. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device DD according to an embodiment. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part taken along the Figure 1 virtual line I-I' in

[0143] The display device DD may include a display panel DP and an optical layer PP disposed on the display panel DP. The display panel DP includes light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3. The display device DD may include a plurality of light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3. The optical layer PP may be disposed on the display panel DP to control light reflected by external light at the display panel DP. The optical layer PP may include, for example, a polarization layer or a color filter layer. Although not shown in the drawings, in an embodiment, the optical layer PP may be omitted from the display device DD.

[0144] A substrate base BL may be disposed on the optical layer PP. The substrate base BL may provide a substrate surface on which the optical layer PP is disposed. The substrate base BL may be a glass substrate, a metal substrate, a plastic substrate, etc. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto, and the substrate base BL may include an inorganic layer, an organic layer, or a composite material layer. Although not shown in the drawings, in an embodiment, the substrate base BL may be omitted.

[0145] The display device DD according to an embodiment may further include a filling layer (not shown). The filling layer (not shown) may be disposed between the display device layer (also referred to as the display element layer) DP-ED and the substrate base BL. The filling layer (not shown) may be an organic material layer. The filling layer (not shown) may include at least one of an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, and an epoxy resin.

[0146] The display panel DP may include a substrate layer BS, a circuit layer DP-CL provided on the substrate layer BS, and a display device layer DP-ED. The display device layer DP-ED may include a pixel defining film PDL, light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 disposed between portions of the pixel defining film PDL, and a encapsulation layer TFE disposed on the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3.

[0147] The substrate layer BS may provide a substrate surface on which the display device layer DP-ED is disposed. The substrate layer BS may be a glass substrate, a metal substrate, a plastic substrate, etc. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto, and the substrate layer BS may include an inorganic layer, an organic layer, or a composite material layer.

[0148] In an embodiment, the circuit layer DP-CL is disposed on the substrate layer BS, and the circuit layer DP-CL may include transistors (not shown). The transistors (not shown) may each include a control electrode, an input electrode, and an output electrode. For example, the circuit layer DP-CL may include switching transistors and driving transistors for driving the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 of the display device layer DP-ED.

[0149] The light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 may each have according to what will be described laterFigures 3 to 6 The structure of the light-emitting element ED of the embodiment of any one of the figures. The light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 may each include a first electrode EL1, a hole transport region HTR, a corresponding one of the light-emitting layers EML-R, EML-G, and EML-B, an electron transport region ETR, and a second electrode EL2.

[0150] Figure 2 An embodiment is shown in which the light-emitting layers EML-R, EML-G, and EML-B of the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 are disposed in the openings OH defined in the pixel defining film PDL, and the hole transport region HTR, the electron transport region ETR, and the second electrode EL2 are each provided as a common layer for the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto. Although not shown in Figure 2 , the hole transport region HTR and the electron transport region ETR may each be provided by being patterned in the opening OH defined in the pixel defining film PDL. For example, in an embodiment, the hole transport region HTR, the light-emitting layers EML-R, EML-G, and EML-B, and the electron transport region ETR of the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 may each be provided by being patterned by an inkjet printing method.

[0151] The encapsulation layer TFE may cover the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3. The encapsulation layer TFE may seal the display device layer DP-ED. The encapsulation layer TFE may be a thin film encapsulation layer. The encapsulation layer TFE may be formed of a single layer or multiple layers. The encapsulation layer TFE may include at least one insulating layer. The encapsulation layer TFE according to an embodiment may include at least one inorganic film (hereinafter, encapsulation-inorganic film). In an embodiment, the encapsulation layer TFE may include at least one organic film (hereinafter, encapsulation-organic film) and at least one encapsulation-inorganic film.

[0152] The encapsulation-inorganic film protects the display device layer DP-ED from the influence of moisture and / or oxygen, and the encapsulation-organic film protects the display device layer DP-ED from foreign substances such as dust particles. The encapsulation-inorganic film may include silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, etc., but the embodiment is not limited thereto. The encapsulation-organic film may include an acrylic compound or an epoxy compound, etc. The encapsulation-organic film may include a photo-polymerizable organic material, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0153] The encapsulation layer TFE may be disposed on the second electrode EL2 and may be disposed to fill the opening OH.

[0154] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2, the display device DD may include a non-light-emitting area NPXA and light-emitting areas PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B. The light-emitting areas PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may be areas that emit light generated by light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3, respectively. In a plan view, the light-emitting areas PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may be spaced apart from each other.

[0155] The light-emitting areas PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may be areas separated from each other by a pixel defining film PDL. The non-light-emitting area NPXA may be an area between adjacent light-emitting areas PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B, and the non-light-emitting area NPXA may correspond to the pixel defining film PDL. In an embodiment, the light-emitting areas PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may each correspond to a pixel. The pixel defining film PDL may separate the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3. The light-emitting layers EML-R, EML-G, and EML-B of the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 may be disposed in openings OH defined in the pixel defining film PDL and separated from each other.

[0156] The light-emitting areas PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may be arranged in groups according to the colors of the light generated by the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3. In accordance with Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the display device DD of the embodiment shown, three light-emitting areas PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B that emit red light, green light, and blue light, respectively, are shown as an example. For example, the display device DD may include a red light-emitting area PXA-R, a green light-emitting area PXA-G, and a blue light-emitting area PXA-B that are different from each other.

[0157] In the display device DD according to an embodiment, the light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 may emit light having different wavelengths from each other. For example, in an embodiment, the display device DD may include a first light-emitting element ED-1 that emits red light, a second light-emitting element ED-2 that emits green light, and a third light-emitting element ED-3 that emits blue light. For example, the red light-emitting area PXA-R, the green light-emitting area PXA-G, and the blue light-emitting area PXA-B of the display device DD may correspond to the first light-emitting element ED-1, the second light-emitting element ED-2, and the third light-emitting element ED-3, respectively.

[0158] However, the embodiments are not limited thereto, and the first light-emitting element ED-1, the second light-emitting element ED-2, and the third light-emitting element ED-3 may emit light within the same wavelength range, or at least one light-emitting element may emit light within a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the light emitted by the remaining light-emitting elements. For example, the first light-emitting element ED-1, the second light-emitting element ED-2, and the third light-emitting element ED-3 may each emit blue light.

[0159] The light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B in the display device DD according to the embodiment may be arranged in a stripe configuration. Refer to Figure 1 , the red light-emitting region PXA-R, the green light-emitting region PXA-G, and the blue light-emitting region PXA-B may be arranged along the second direction axis DR2, respectively. In another embodiment, the red light-emitting region PXA-R, the green light-emitting region PXA-G, and the blue light-emitting region PXA-B may be arranged in this repeating order along the first direction axis DR1.

[0160] Figure 1 and Figure 2 show that the light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B all have similar areas, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. In the embodiment, according to the wavelength range of the emitted light, the light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may be different from each other in size or shape. The areas of the light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may be the areas defined by the first direction axis DR1 and the second direction axis DR2 in the plan view. The third direction axis DR3 may be perpendicular to the plane defined by the first direction axis DR1 and the second direction axis DR2.

[0161] The arrangement of the light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B is not limited to Figure 1 the configuration shown in, and according to the display quality characteristics required by the display device DD, the order of arranging the red light-emitting region PXA-R, the green light-emitting region PXA-G, and the blue light-emitting region PXA-B may be provided in various combinations. For example, the light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may be arranged in a five-tile configuration (such as ) or in a diamond configuration (such as Diamond ).

[0162] The areas of the light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may be different from each other in size. For example, in the embodiment, the area of the green light-emitting region PXA-G may be smaller than the area of the blue light-emitting region PXA-B, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0163] Hereinafter, Figures 3 to 6These are schematic cross-sectional views of a light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment. The embodiment provides a light-emitting element ED that may include a first electrode EL1, a second electrode EL2 disposed on the first electrode EL1, and at least one functional layer disposed between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2. The light-emitting element ED may include a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment, which will be described later, in at least one functional layer.

[0164] In an embodiment, the light-emitting element ED may include a hole transport region HTR, a light-emitting layer EML, an electron transport region ETR, etc. as at least one functional layer. In Figure 3 the embodiment shown, the light-emitting element ED may include a first electrode EL1, a hole transport region HTR, a light-emitting layer EML, an electron transport region ETR, and a second electrode EL2.

[0165] Compared with Figure 3 this, Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment, where the hole transport region HTR includes a hole injection layer HIL and a hole transport layer HTL, and the electron transport region ETR includes an electron injection layer EIL and an electron transport layer ETL. Compared with Figure 3 this, Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment, where the hole transport region HTR includes a hole injection layer HIL, a hole transport layer HTL, and an electron blocking layer EBL, and the electron transport region ETR includes an electron injection layer EIL, an electron transport layer ETL, and a hole blocking layer HBL. Compared with Figure 4 this, Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment including a cover layer CPL disposed on the second electrode EL2.

[0166] The light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment may include a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment, which will be described later, in at least one functional layer. In the light-emitting element ED, at least one of the hole transport region HTR, the light-emitting layer EML, and the electron transport region ETR may include a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment. For example, in the light-emitting element ED, the light-emitting layer EML may include a fused polycyclic compound.

[0167] The first electrode EL1 has conductivity. The first electrode EL1 can be formed of a metal material, a metal alloy, or a conductive compound. The first electrode EL1 can be an anode or a cathode. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto. In an embodiment, the first electrode EL1 can be a pixel electrode. The first electrode EL1 can be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective electrode, or a reflective electrode. The first electrode EL1 can include at least one of Ag, Mg, Cu, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, Li, Ca, LiF, Mo, Ti, W, their oxides, their compounds, and their mixtures.

[0168] If the first electrode EL1 is a transmissive electrode, the first electrode EL1 can include a transparent metal oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), or indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO). If the first electrode EL1 is a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective electrode or a reflective electrode, the first electrode EL1 can include Ag, Mg, Cu, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, Li, Ca, LiF, Mo, Ti, W, their compounds, or their mixtures (e.g., a mixture of Ag and Mg), or a material having a multilayer structure such as LiF / Ca (a stacked structure of LiF and Ca), LiF / Al (a stacked structure of LiF and Al). In another embodiment, the first electrode EL1 can have a multilayer structure including a reflective film or a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective film formed of the above materials and a transparent conductive film formed of ITO, IZO, ZnO, ITZO, etc. For example, the first electrode EL1 can have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. In an embodiment, the first electrode EL1 can include the above metal materials, a combination of at least two of the above metal materials, or oxides of the above metal materials, etc. The thickness of the first electrode EL1 can be in the range of about to about . For example, the thickness of the first electrode EL1 can be in the range of about to about .

[0169] The hole transport region HTR can be provided on the first electrode EL1. The hole transport region HTR can include at least one of a hole injection layer HIL, a hole transport layer HTL, a buffer layer (not shown), an emission assist layer (not shown), and an electron blocking layer EBL. The thickness of the hole transport region HTR can be, for example, in the range of about to about .

[0170] The hole transport region HTR may have a structure including a layer composed of a single material composition, a structure including layers composed of different materials, or a structure including multiple layers containing different materials.

[0171] In an embodiment, the hole transport region HTR may have a single-layer structure of a hole injection layer HIL or a hole transport layer HTL, or may have a single-layer structure formed of a hole injection material and a hole transport material. In an embodiment, the hole transport region HTR may have a single-layer structure formed of different materials, or may have a structure in which a hole injection layer HIL / hole transport layer HTL, a hole injection layer HIL / hole transport layer HTL / buffer layer (not shown), a hole injection layer HIL / buffer layer (not shown), a hole transport layer HTL / buffer layer (not shown), or a hole injection layer HIL / hole transport layer HTL / electron blocking layer EBL are stacked in the respective stated order from the first electrode EL1, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0172] The hole transport region HTR may be formed using various methods such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method, an inkjet printing method, a laser printing method, and a laser-induced thermal imaging (LITI) method.

[0173] In a light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment, the hole transport region HTR may include a compound represented by Formula H-1:

[0174] [Formula H-1]

[0175]

[0176] In Formula H-1, L1 and L2 may each independently be a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. In Formula H-1, a and b may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10. When a or b is an integer of 2 or greater, multiple L1 groups or multiple L2 groups may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms.

[0177] In Formula H-1, Ar1 and Ar2 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. In Formula H-1, Ar3 may be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms.

[0178] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula H-1 may be a monoamine compound. In another embodiment, the compound represented by Formula H-1 may be a diamine compound in which at least one of Ar1 to Ar3 includes an amine group as a substituent. In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula H-1 may be a carbazole compound in which at least one of Ar1 and Ar2 includes a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, or may be a fluorene compound in which at least one of Ar1 and Ar2 includes a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group.

[0179] The compound represented by Formula H-1 may be any compound selected from the compound group H. However, the compounds listed in the compound group H are only examples, and the compound represented by Formula H-1 is not limited to the compound group H:

[0180] [Compound Group H]

[0181]

[0182]

[0183] The hole transport region HTR may include phthalocyanine compounds such as copper phthalocyanine, N 1 ,N 1 '-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(N 1 -phenyl-N 4 ,N 4 -di-m-tolylbenzene-1,4-diamine)(DNTPD), 4,4',4"-[tris(3-methylphenyl)phenylamino]triphenylamine (m-MTDATA), 4,4',4"-tris(N,N-diphenylamino)triphenylamine (TDATA), 4,4',4"-tris[N-(2-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]-triphenylamine (2-TNATA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), N,N'-di(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-diphenyl-benzidine (NPB), a polyether ketone containing triphenylamine (TPAPEK), 4-isopropyl-4'-methyldiphenyliodonium [tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate], dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN), etc.

[0184] The hole transport region HTR may include: carbazole derivatives such as N-phenylcarbazole or polyvinylcarbazole; fluorene derivatives; triphenylamine derivatives such as N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-[1,1-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine (TDN) or 4,4',4''-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA); N,N'-di(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-diphenyl-benzidine (NPB); 4,4'-cyclohexylidenebis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)aniline] (TAPC); 4,4'-bis[N,N'-(3-tolyl)amino]-3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl (HMTPD); 1,3-bis(H-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP), etc.

[0185] In an embodiment, the hole transport region HTR may include 9-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3,6-bis(triphenylsilyl)-9H-carbazole (CzSi), 9-phenyl-9H-3,9'-bicarbazole (CCP), 1,3-bis(1,8-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzene (mDCP), etc.

[0186] The hole transport region HTR may include the above compounds of the hole transport region in at least one of the hole injection layer HIL, the hole transport layer HTL, and the electron blocking layer EBL.

[0187] The thickness of the hole transport region HTR may be in the range of about to about . For example, the thickness of the hole transport region HTR may be in the range of about to about . When the hole transport region HTR includes the hole injection layer HIL, the hole injection layer HIL may have a thickness in the range of about to about . When the hole transport region HTR includes the hole transport layer HTL, the hole transport layer HTL may have a thickness in the range of about to about . When the hole transport region HTR includes the electron blocking layer EBL, the electron blocking layer EBL may have a thickness in the range of about to about . If the thicknesses of the hole transport region HTR, the hole injection layer HIL, the hole transport layer HTL, and the electron blocking layer EBL satisfy the above ranges, satisfactory hole transport properties can be achieved without a significant increase in the driving voltage.

[0188] In addition to the above materials, the hole transport region HTR may further include a charge generation material to increase conductivity. The charge generation material may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the hole transport region HTR. The charge generation material may be, for example, a p-dopant. The p-dopant may include at least one of metal halides, quinone derivatives, metal oxides, and cyanide-containing compounds, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the p-dopant may include: metal halides such as CuI or RbI; quinone derivatives such as tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ); metal oxides such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide; cyanide-containing compounds such as dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) or 4-[[2,3-bis[cyano-(4-cyano-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)methylene]cyclopropylene]-cyanomethyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzonitrile (NDP9), etc., but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0189] As described above, in addition to the hole injection layer HIL and the hole transport layer HTL, the hole transport region HTR may further include at least one of a buffer layer (not shown) and an electron blocking layer EBL. The buffer layer (not shown) may compensate for the resonance distance according to the wavelength of the light emitted from the light emitting layer EML, and thus may increase the light emission efficiency. The materials that may be included in the hole transport region HTR may be used as the materials in the buffer layer (not shown). The electron blocking layer EBL may prevent electrons from being injected from the electron transport region ETR into the hole transport region HTR.

[0190] The light emitting layer EML may be provided on the hole transport region HTR. The light emitting layer EML may have a thickness in the range of about to about . For example, the light emitting layer EML may have a thickness in the range of about to about . The light emitting layer EML may have a structure including a layer composed of a single material, a structure including layers composed of different materials, or a structure including multiple layers including different materials.

[0191] The light emitting element ED according to an embodiment may include a fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 in at least one functional layer provided between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2. In the light emitting element ED, the light emitting layer EML may include the fused polycyclic compound according to the embodiment. In an embodiment, the light emitting layer EML may include the fused polycyclic compound as a dopant. The fused polycyclic compound may be a dopant material for the light emitting layer EML. In the specification, the fused polycyclic compound according to the embodiment may be referred to as the first compound.

[0192] The fused polycyclic compound may include a fused ring core in which five benzene rings are fused together through two boron atoms and four heteroatoms, and the fused polycyclic compound has a structure in which a first substituent and a second substituent are attached to the fused ring core.

[0193] In an embodiment, the fused ring core of the fused polycyclic compound may form nine rings because five substituted or unsubstituted benzene rings are fused together through two boron atoms and four heteroatoms. Among the five benzene rings of the fused ring core, the first benzene ring and the second benzene ring may each be attached to the first boron atom, the third benzene ring and the fourth benzene ring may each be attached to the second boron atom, and the fifth benzene ring may be attached to both the first boron atom and the second boron atom.

[0194] In an embodiment, the first heteroatom may be connected between the first benzene ring and the second benzene ring, and the second heteroatom may be connected between the third benzene ring and the fourth benzene ring. Thus, the first benzene ring and the second benzene ring may be connected to each other through the first boron atom and the first heteroatom, and a six-membered first fused ring including the first boron atom and the first heteroatom as ring-forming atoms may be formed between the first benzene ring and the second benzene ring. The third benzene ring and the fourth benzene ring may be connected to each other through the second boron atom and the second heteroatom, and a six-membered second fused ring including the second boron atom and the second heteroatom as ring-forming atoms may be formed between the third benzene ring and the fourth benzene ring.

[0195] In the fused ring core, the first benzene ring and the third benzene ring may be arranged adjacent to the fifth benzene ring. In an embodiment, the first benzene ring and the third benzene ring may each be attached to the fifth benzene ring through a boron atom and a heteroatom. The third heteroatom may be connected between the third benzene ring and the fifth benzene ring, and the fourth heteroatom may be connected between the first benzene ring and the fifth benzene ring. The first benzene ring and the fifth benzene ring may be connected to each other through the first boron atom and the fourth heteroatom, and a six-membered third fused ring including the first boron atom and the fourth heteroatom as ring-forming atoms may be formed between the first benzene ring and the fifth benzene ring. The third benzene ring and the fifth benzene ring may be connected to each other through the second boron atom and the third heteroatom, and a six-membered fourth fused ring including the second boron atom and the third heteroatom as ring-forming atoms may be formed between the third benzene ring and the fifth benzene ring.

[0196] In an embodiment, the first heteroatom to the third heteroatom may each independently be an oxygen (O) atom, a sulfur (S) atom, a selenium (Se) atom, a carbon (C) atom, a phosphorus (P) atom, a silicon (Si) atom, or a nitrogen (N) atom. The fourth heteroatom may be an oxygen (O) atom, a sulfur (S) atom, a selenium (Se) atom, a carbon (C) atom, a phosphorus (P) atom, or a silicon (Si) atom. In an embodiment, the fourth heteroatom may not be a nitrogen (N) atom. Since the fourth heteroatom in the fused polycyclic compound is not nitrogen (N), material stability can be improved, which can contribute to the high efficiency and long lifespan of the light-emitting element.

[0197] The fused polycyclic compound may include a first substituent connected to the fused ring core. In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound may include a plurality of first substituents. The first substituent may be connected to each of the first benzene ring and the third benzene ring of the fused ring core. The first substituent may be directly connected to the first benzene ring and the third benzene ring such that the first substituent can be directly connected to the first benzene ring and the third benzene ring without a connecting portion. The first substituent may be connected at the para position of the boron atom in the fused ring core. For example, the first substituent may include a first sub-substituent and a second sub-substituent, wherein the first sub-substituent may be connected to the carbon atom at the para position of the carbon atom connected to the first boron atom in the first benzene ring, and the second sub-substituent may be connected to the carbon atom at the para position of the carbon atom connected to the second boron atom in the third benzene ring. In an embodiment, the first substituent may be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. In the specification, the first substituent may be represented by Y in Formula 1 1 and Y 2 as will be described below.

[0198] The fused polycyclic compound may include a second substituent attached to the fused ring core. The second substituent may be attached to the second benzene ring and / or the fourth benzene ring of the fused ring core. The fused polycyclic compound may include a single second substituent or multiple second substituents. In an embodiment, the second substituent may be a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. In the fused polycyclic compound, the carbon atom para to the first boron atom in the second benzene ring may be referred to as the first carbon atom, and the carbon atom ortho to the first heteroatom in the second benzene ring may be referred to as the second carbon atom. In the fused polycyclic compound, the carbon atom para to the second boron atom in the fourth benzene ring may be referred to as the third carbon atom, and the carbon atom ortho to the second heteroatom in the fourth benzene ring may be referred to as the fourth carbon atom. In the fused polycyclic compound, the second substituent may be attached to at least one of the first carbon atom to the fourth carbon atom.

[0199] The light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment may include the fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment. The fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment may be represented by Formula 1:

[0200] [Formula 1]

[0201]

[0202] The fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment that may be represented by Formula 1 may include a fused ring core formed of nine rings fused together with two boron atoms and four heteroatoms, and the fused polycyclic compound may include a first substituent and a second substituent attached to the fused ring core. In the specification, in Formula 1, the benzene ring including Y 2 , R 13 and R 14 may correspond to the first benzene ring described above, the benzene ring including R 1 to R 4 may correspond to the second benzene ring described above, the benzene ring including Y 1 , R 10 and R 11 may correspond to the third benzene ring described above, the benzene ring including R 6 to R 9 may correspond to the fourth benzene ring described above, and the benzene ring including R 5 and R 12 may correspond to the fifth benzene ring described above. In Formula 1, Y 1 and Y 2 may correspond to the first substituent described above.

[0203] In Formula 1, X 1 , X2 and X 3 can each independently be O, S, Se, C(R 15 )(R 16 ), P(R 17 ), Si(R 18 )(R 19 ), C═O, C═S or N(R 20 ). For example, X 1 , X 2 and X 3 can each independently be O or N(R 20 ).

[0204] In the examples, at least one of X 1 , X 2 and X 3 can each independently be N(R 20 ), and the remaining groups among X 1 , X 2 and X 3 can each be O. For example, any one of X 1 , X 2 and X 3 can be N(R 20 ), and the remaining groups among X 1 , X 2 and X 3 can each be O. As another example, two of X 1 , X 2 and X 3 can each independently be N(R 20 ), and the remaining groups among X 1 , X 2 and X 3 can be O. As yet another example, X 1 , X 2 and X 3 can each independently be N(R 20 ).

[0205] In Formula 1, Y 1 and Y 2 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms. In the examples, Y 1 and Y 2 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 15 ring carbon atoms. For example, Y 1 and Y 2Each may independently be a substituted or unsubstituted tert-butyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0206] For example, Y 1 and Y 2 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. As another example, Y 1 and Y 2 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 1 to 30 ring carbon atoms. As another example, one of Y 1 and Y 2 may be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the other of Y 1 and Y 2 may be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms. As yet another example, one of Y 1 and Y 2 may be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and the other of Y 1 and Y 2 may be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0207] In Formula 1, Z may be O, S, Se, C(R 21 )(R 22 ), P(R 23 ), Si(R 24 )(R 25 ), C═O or C═S. For example, Z may be O.

[0208] In Formula 1, R 1 to R 25 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding with an adjacent group. For example, R 1 to R 14 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted methyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group; and R 15 to R 25 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted methyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted terphenyl group.

[0209] In the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1, as R as described above 1 to R 25 For the exception of the definition, if Y 1 and Y 2 are each an alkyl group, then R 1 to R 20 may not be bonded to adjacent groups to form a ring. For example, in Formula 1, if Y 1 and Y 2 are each an alkyl group, then R 1 to R 20 may not be bonded to adjacent substituents to thereby form an additional fused ring. For example, if Y 1 and Y 2 are each an alkyl group, and X 1 and X 2 are each N(R 20 ), then X 1 may not be bonded to R 1 or R 14 to form a ring, and X 2 may not be bonded to R 9 or R 10 to form a ring.

[0210] In Formula 1, at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. For example, at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group.

[0211] In an embodiment, in Formula 1, at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, and the remaining groups among R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 may each independently be a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom. For example, R 1, R 2 , R 8 and R 9 Any one of and R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 The remaining groups in and R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 The remaining groups in and R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 The remaining groups in and R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 The remaining groups in and R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 However, the examples are not limited to this, and R 1 , R 2 , R 8 and R 9 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted diphenylamino group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group.

[0212] In the examples, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be represented by one of Formulas 2-1 to 2-4:

[0213] [Formula 2-1]

[0214]

[0215] [Formula 2-2]

[0216]

[0217] [Formula 2-3]

[0218]

[0219] [Formula 2-4]

[0220]

[0221] In Formulas 2-1 to 2-3, Y 1a and Y 2a can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. For example, Y 1a and Y 2a can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted tert-butyl group.

[0222] In Formulas 2-1 to 2-4, Y 1b and Y 2b can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms. For example, Y 1b and Y 2b can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0223] In Formula 2-1, X 1 ', X 2 ', and X 3 ' can each independently be O, S, Se, C(R 15 ')(R 16 '), P(R 17 '), Si(R 18 ')(R 19 '), C═O, C═S or N(R 20 '). For example, X 1 ', X 2 ', and X 3 ' can each independently be O or N(R 20 ').

[0224] In the examples, at least one of X 1 ', X 2 ', and X 3 ' can each independently be N(R 20 '), and the remaining groups among X 1 ', X 2 ', and X 3 ' can each be O. For example, one of X 1 ', X 2 ', and X 3 ' can be N(R 20 '), and the remaining groups among X 1 ', X 2 ', and X 3 ' can each be O. As another example, X1 ', X 2 ' and X 3 ' of the two can each independently be N(R 20 '), and X 1 ', X 2 ' and X 3 ' of the remaining groups can be O. As another example, X 1 ', X 2 ' and X 3 ' can each independently be N(R 20 ').

[0225] In Formula 2-1, R 1 ' to R 20 ' can each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. For example, R 1 ' to R 20 ' can each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted methyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted terphenyl group.

[0226] In Formulas 2-1 to 2-4, Z, X 1 to X 3 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0227] In the examples, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be represented by one of Formulas 3-1 to 3-6:

[0228] [Formula 3-1]

[0229]

[0230] [Formula 3-2]

[0231]

[0232] [Formula 3-3]

[0233]

[0234] [Formula 3-4]

[0235]

[0236] [Formula 3-5]

[0237]

[0238] [Formula 3-6]

[0239]

[0240] Each of Formula 3-1 to Formula 3-6 represents a further definition of R in Formula 1 1 、R 2 、R 8 and R 9 .

[0241] In Formula 3-1 to Formula 3-6, R 1a 、R 2a 、R 8a and R 9a can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. For example, R 1a 、R 2a 、R 8a and R 9a can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group.

[0242] In Formula 3-1 to Formula 3-6, Z, X 1 to X 3 、Y 1 、Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0243] In the examples, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be represented by Formula 4:

[0244] [Formula 4]

[0245]

[0246] Formula 4 represents a further definition of Z in Formula 1.

[0247] In Formula 4, X 1 to X 3 、Y 1 、Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0248] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by one of Formulas 5-1 to 5-3:

[0249] [Formula 5-1]

[0250]

[0251] [Formula 5-2]

[0252]

[0253] [Formula 5-3]

[0254]

[0255] Each of Formulas 5-1 to 5-3 represents a case of further defining Z and X in Formula 1 1 to X 3 .

[0256] In Formulas 5-1 to 5-3, R 31 to R 37 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. In an embodiment, R 31 to R 37 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms. For example, R 31 to R 37 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted terphenyl group.

[0257] In Formulas 5-1 to 5-3, Y 1 , Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0258] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 6:

[0259] [Formula 6]

[0260]

[0261] In Formula 6, A 1 to A 8 may each independently be a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom. For example, A 1 to A 8 may each be a hydrogen atom, or A 1 to A 8 may each be a deuterium atom.

[0262] In Formula 6, Z, X 1 to X 3 , Y 1 , Y 2 , R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

[0263] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound may include at least one deuterium atom as a substituent. The fused polycyclic compound may have a structure in which at least one hydrogen atom is each replaced by a deuterium atom.

[0264] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound may be any compound selected from Compound Group 1. In an embodiment, in the light-emitting element ED (see Figures 3 to 6 ), at least one functional layer (e.g., the light-emitting layer EML (see Figures 3 to 6 )) may include at least one fused polycyclic compound selected from Compound Group 1:

[0265] [Compound Group 1]

[0266]

[0267]

[0268]

[0269]

[0270]

[0271]

[0272]

[0273]

[0274]

[0275]

[0276]

[0277]

[0278]

[0279]

[0280] In Compound Group 1, D represents a deuterium atom.

[0281] The fused polycyclic compound can contribute to the high efficiency and long life of the light-emitting device ED by having a structure in which a first substituent and a second substituent are connected to positions of the fused ring core as described herein.

[0282] The fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment may include a fused ring core formed of nine rings fused together with two boron atoms and four heteroatoms, and the fused polycyclic compound may include a first substituent and a second substituent connected to positions of the fused ring core as described herein. The fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment may exhibit excellent molecular stability due to the structure and connection positions of the first substituent and the second substituent, which may contribute to the high efficiency and long life of the light-emitting device ED.

[0283] The fused polycyclic compound can effectively maintain the trigonal planar structure of the boron atom through the steric hindrance effect of the first substituent and the second substituent. The boron atom has an electron-deficient property due to the empty p-orbital, and thus can form a bond with another nucleophile, which will change the trigonal planar structure to a tetrahedral structure, thereby accelerating the deterioration of the light-emitting device. Since the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 includes the first substituent and the second substituent, the empty p-orbital of the boron atom can be effectively protected, thereby preventing deterioration caused by structural deformation.

[0284] Due to the introduction of the first substituent and the second substituent, the fused polycyclic compound can control or limit the formation of excimers and exciplexes by suppressing intermolecular interactions, thereby improving the light-emitting efficiency. The fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 includes the first substituent and the second substituent, which increases the intermolecular distance, thereby reducing the occurrence of Dexter energy transfer. Dexter energy transfer is a phenomenon in which triplet excitons transfer between molecules when the intermolecular distance is short, and may be a factor contributing to an increase in quenching caused by an increase in the concentration of triplet excitons. According to an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound has a structure with high steric hindrance, which increases the intermolecular distance between adjacent molecules, thereby suppressing Dexter energy transfer, and thus, deterioration of the lifetime caused by an increase in the concentration of triplet excitons can be suppressed. Therefore, when the fused polycyclic compound is applied to the light-emitting layer EML of the light-emitting device ED, the light-emitting efficiency can be increased, and the lifetime of the device can also be improved.

[0285] The emission spectrum of the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can have a full width at half maximum (FWHM) in the range of about 10 nm to about 50 nm. For example, the emission spectrum of the fused polycyclic compound can have a full width at half maximum in the range of about 20 nm to about 40 nm. Since the emission spectrum of the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 has a full width at half maximum in the above range, the luminous efficiency can be improved in a light-emitting element including the fused polycyclic compound. When the fused polycyclic compound is used as a material for a blue light-emitting element, the lifetime of the element can be improved.

[0286] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) luminescent material. The fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be a thermally activated delayed fluorescence dopant in which the difference (ΔE ST ) between the lowest triplet excitation level (T1) and the lowest singlet excitation level (S1) is equal to or less than about 0.6 eV. In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be a thermally activated delayed fluorescence dopant in which the difference (ΔE ST ) between the lowest triplet excitation level (T1) and the lowest singlet excitation level (S1) is equal to or less than about 0.2 eV. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0287] In an embodiment, the fused polycyclic compound can include a first substituent and a second substituent. By controlling the number and bonding positions of the first substituent and the second substituent, the overall singlet energy level and triplet energy level of the compound can be appropriately controlled. Accordingly, the fused polycyclic compound can exhibit improved thermally activated delayed fluorescence properties.

[0288] The fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be a luminescent material that emits light having a central wavelength in the range of about 430 nm to about 490 nm. For example, the fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 can be used as a blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) dopant. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto, and when the fused polycyclic compound of the embodiments is used as a luminescent material, the fused polycyclic compound can be used as a dopant material for emitting light in various wavelength regions, such as a red light-emitting dopant or a green light-emitting dopant, etc.

[0289] In the light-emitting element ED, the light-emitting layer EML can emit delayed fluorescence. For example, the light-emitting layer EML can emit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF).

[0290] The light-emitting layer EML of the light-emitting element ED can emit blue light. For example, the light-emitting layer EML of the light-emitting element ED of the embodiments can emit blue light having a wavelength equal to or less than about 490 nm. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto, and the light-emitting layer EML can emit green light or red light.

[0291] In an embodiment, the emissive layer EML may include a fused polycyclic compound according to the embodiment. The fused polycyclic compound may be included in the emissive layer EML as a dopant material. The fused polycyclic compound may be a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material. The fused polycyclic compound may be used as a thermally activated delayed fluorescence dopant. For example, in the light-emitting element ED, the emissive layer EML may include at least one fused polycyclic compound selected from Compound Group 1 as a thermally activated delayed fluorescence dopant. However, the use of the fused polycyclic compound is not limited thereto.

[0292] In an embodiment, the emissive layer EML may include a plurality of compounds. In an embodiment, the emissive layer EML may include a fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 as a first compound, and at least one of a second compound represented by Formula HT-1, a third compound represented by Formula ET-1, and a fourth compound represented by Formula D-1.

[0293] In an embodiment, the emissive layer EML may include a first compound represented by Formula 1, and may further include at least one of a second compound represented by Formula HT-1 and a third compound represented by Formula ET-1.

[0294] In an embodiment, the emissive layer EML may further include a second compound represented by Formula HT-1. In an embodiment, the second compound may be used as a hole transport host material in the emissive layer EML:

[0295] [Formula HT-1]

[0296]

[0297] In Formula HT-1, M1 to M8 may each independently be N or C(R 51 ). For example, M1 to M8 may each independently be C(R 51 ). As another example, any one of M1 to M8 may be N, and the remaining groups among M1 to M8 may each independently be C(R 51 ).

[0298] In Formula HT-1, L1 may be a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. For example, L1 may be a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent biphenyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent carbazolyl group, etc., but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0299] In Formula HT-1, Y a may be a direct bond, C(R 52 )(R 53) or Si(R 54 )(R 55 ). For example, the two rings connected to the nitrogen atom of formula HT-1 can be connected to each other via a direct bond, . In formula HT-1, if Y a is a direct bond, the second compound represented by formula HT-1 may include a carbazole moiety.

[0300] In formula HT-1, Ar a may be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. For example, Ar a may be a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, etc., but the examples are not limited thereto.

[0301] In formula HT-1, R 51 to R 55 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring-forming carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding with an adjacent group. For example, R 51 to R 55 may each independently be a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom. For example, R 51 to R 55 may each independently be an unsubstituted methyl group or an unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0302] In the examples, the second compound represented by formula HT-1 may be selected from Compound Group 2. In the examples, in the light-emitting element ED, the second compound may include at least one compound selected from Compound Group 2:

[0303] [Compound Group 2]

[0304]

[0305]

[0306]

[0307] In Compound Group 2, D represents a deuterium atom, and Ph represents an unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0308] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may further include a third compound represented by Formula ET-1. In an embodiment, the third compound may be used as an electron-transporting host material in the light-emitting layer EML:

[0309] [Formula ET-1]

[0310]

[0311] In Formula ET-1, at least one of Z a to Z c may each be N, and the remaining groups among Z a to Z c may each independently be C(R 56 ). For example, one of Z a to Z c may be N, and the remaining groups among Z a to Z c may each independently be C(R 56 ). Thus, the third compound represented by Formula ET-1 may include a pyridine moiety. As another example, two of Z a to Z c may each be N, and the remaining groups among Z a to Z c may be C(R 56 ). Thus, the third compound represented by Formula ET-1 may include a pyrimidine moiety. As yet another example, Z a to Z c may each be N. Thus, the third compound represented by Formula ET-1 may include a triazine moiety.

[0312] In Formula ET-1, R 56 may be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring carbon atoms.

[0313] In Formula ET-1, b1 to b3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10.

[0314] In Formula ET-1, Ar b to Ar d may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. For example, Ar b to Ar d may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group.

[0315] In Formula ET-1, L2 to L4 may each independently be a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. When each of b1 to b3 is 2 or greater, the plural groups of each of L2 to L4 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0316] In an embodiment, the third compound represented by Formula ET-1 may be selected from Compound Group 3. In an embodiment, in the light-emitting element ED, the third compound may include at least one compound selected from Compound Group 3:

[0317] [Compound Group 3]

[0318]

[0319]

[0320]

[0321]

[0322]

[0323]

[0324]

[0325]

[0326] In Compound Group 3, D represents a deuterium atom, and Ph represents an unsubstituted phenyl group.

[0327] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may include a second compound and a third compound, and the second compound and the third compound may form an exciplex. In the light-emitting layer EML, an exciplex may be formed by a hole-transporting host and an electron-transporting host. The triplet energy level of the exciplex formed by the hole-transporting host and the electron-transporting host may correspond to the difference between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of the electron-transporting host and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of the hole-transporting host.

[0328] For example, the absolute value of the triplet energy level (T1) of an exciplex formed by a hole-transporting host and an electron-transporting host can be in the range of about 2.4 eV to about 3.0 eV. The triplet energy of the exciplex can have a value smaller than the band gap of each host material. The triplet energy level of the exciplex can be equal to or less than about 3.0 eV, which is the band gap between the hole-transporting host and the electron-transporting host.

[0329] In an embodiment, in addition to the first compound, the second compound, and the third compound, the light-emitting layer EML may further include a fourth compound. The fourth compound may be used as a phosphorescent sensitizer in the light-emitting layer EML. Energy may be transferred from the fourth compound to the first compound, thereby achieving light emission.

[0330] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may include an organometallic complex as the fourth compound, and the organometallic complex includes platinum (Pt) as a central metal atom and ligands bonded to the central metal atom. In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may further include a fourth compound represented by Formula D-1:

[0331] [Formula D-1]

[0332]

[0333] In Formula D-1, Q1 to Q4 may each independently be C or N.

[0334] In Formula D-1, C1 to C4 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring having 5 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms.

[0335] In Formula D-1, X 11 to X 14 may each independently be a direct bond or *-O-*. For example, one of X 11 to X 14 may be *-O-*, and the remaining groups among X 11 to X 14 may each be a direct bond.

[0336] In Formula D-1, L 11 to L 13 may each independently be a direct bond, *-O-*, *-S-*, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. Among L 11 to L 13In [it], -* represents a bond to one of C1 to C4.

[0337] In Formula D-1, b11 to b13 can each independently be 0 or 1. If b11 is 0, C1 and C2 may not be directly bonded to each other. If b12 is 0, C2 and C3 may not be directly bonded to each other. If b13 is 0, C3 and C4 may not be directly bonded to each other.

[0338] In Formula D-1, R 61 to R 66 can each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding to an adjacent group. For example, R 61 to R 66 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted methyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted tert-butyl group.

[0339] In Formula D-1, d1 to d4 can each independently be an integer from 0 to 4. If d1 to d4 are each 0, the fourth compound may not be substituted by R 61 to R 64 respectively. The case where d1 to d4 are each 4 and all four groups of R 61 to R 64 are each a hydrogen atom may be the same as the case where d1 to d4 are each 0. If d1 to d4 are each 2 or greater, multiple groups of R 61 to R 64 can all be the same, or at least one of them can be different from the remaining groups.

[0340] In the examples, in Formula D-1, C1 to C4 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring represented by one of Formula C-1 to Formula C-5:

[0341]

[0342] In Formula C-1 to Formula C-5, P1 can be C-* or C(R 74 ), P2 can be N-* or N(R 81 ), P3 can be N-* or N(R 82 ), P4 can be C-* or C(R 88), and P6 can be C-* or C(R 90 ).

[0343] In Formulas C-1 to C-5, R 71 to R 90 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding with an adjacent group.

[0344] In Formulas C-1 to C-5, represents a bond to Pt as a central metal atom, and -* represents a bond to an adjacent ring group (C1 to C4) or to a linking moiety (L 11 to L 13 ).

[0345] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may include a first compound represented by Formula 1, and at least one of a second compound, a third compound, and a fourth compound. In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may include a first compound, a second compound, and a third compound. In the light-emitting layer EML, the second compound and the third compound may form an exciplex, and energy may be transferred from the exciplex to the first compound, thereby achieving light emission.

[0346] In another embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may include a first compound, a second compound, a third compound, and a fourth compound. In the light-emitting layer EML, the second compound and the third compound may form an exciplex, and energy may be transferred from the exciplex to the fourth compound and the first compound, thereby achieving light emission. In an embodiment, the fourth compound may be a sensitizer. In the light-emitting element ED, the fourth compound included in the light-emitting layer EML may be used as a sensitizer for transferring energy from a host (e.g., an exciplex host) to the first compound as a light-emitting dopant. For example, the fourth compound used as an auxiliary dopant may accelerate energy transfer to the first compound used as a light-emitting dopant, thereby increasing the emission ratio of the first compound. Accordingly, the light-emitting layer EML may exhibit improved emission efficiency. If the energy transfer to the first compound increases, the excitons formed in the light-emitting layer EML may not accumulate and may emit light quickly, thereby reducing the deterioration of the light-emitting element ED. Therefore, the lifespan of the light-emitting element ED may be increased.

[0347] The light-emitting element ED may include a first compound, a second compound, a third compound, and a fourth compound, and the light-emitting layer EML may include a combination of two host materials and two dopant materials. In the light-emitting element ED, the light-emitting layer EML may include the second compound and the third compound as two different hosts, the first compound that emits delayed fluorescence, and the fourth compound containing an organometallic complex, and thus, the light-emitting element ED may exhibit excellent emission efficiency properties.

[0348] In an embodiment, the fourth compound represented by Formula D-1 may be selected from Compound Group 4. In an embodiment, in the light-emitting element ED, the fourth compound may include at least one compound selected from Compound Group 4:

[0349] [Compound Group 4]

[0350]

[0351]

[0352]

[0353]

[0354] In Compound Group 4, D represents a deuterium atom.

[0355] In an embodiment, the light-emitting element ED may include a plurality of light-emitting layers. The plurality of light-emitting layers may be provided as a stack such that the light-emitting element ED including the plurality of light-emitting layers may emit white light. The light-emitting element ED including the plurality of light-emitting layers may be a light-emitting element having a series structure. If the light-emitting element ED includes a plurality of light-emitting layers, at least one light-emitting layer EML may include the first compound represented by Formula 1. For example, if the light-emitting element ED includes a plurality of light-emitting layers, at least one light-emitting layer EML may include the first compound, the second compound, the third compound, and the fourth compound.

[0356] In the light-emitting element ED, if the light-emitting layer EML includes the first compound, the second compound, the third compound, and the fourth compound, based on the total weight of the first compound, the second compound, the third compound, and the fourth compound, the amount of the first compound may be in the range of about 0.1 wt% to about 5 wt%. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto. If the amount of the first compound satisfies the above range, the energy transfer from the second compound and the third compound to the first compound may increase, and thus, the emission efficiency and the element lifetime may increase.

[0357] In the light-emitting layer EML, the total amount of the second compound and the third compound can be the balance of the total weight of the first compound, the second compound, the third compound, and the fourth compound excluding the amounts of the first compound and the fourth compound. For example, based on the total weight of the first compound, the second compound, the third compound, and the fourth compound, the combined amount of the second compound and the third compound can be in the range of about 65 wt% to about 95 wt%.

[0358] Within the combined amount of the second compound and the third compound in the light-emitting layer EML, the weight ratio of the second compound to the third compound can be in the range of about 3:7 to about 7:3.

[0359] If the amounts of the second compound and the third compound satisfy the above ranges and ratios, the charge balance properties in the light-emitting layer EML can be improved, and the emission efficiency and device lifetime can be improved. If the amounts of the second compound and the third compound deviate from the above ranges and ratios, charge balance in the light-emitting layer EML may not be achieved, such that the emission efficiency may decrease, and the device may be prone to deterioration.

[0360] If the light-emitting layer EML includes a fourth compound, based on the total weight of the first compound, the second compound, the third compound, and the fourth compound, the amount of the fourth compound in the light-emitting layer EML can be in the range of about 4 wt% to about 30 wt%. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto. If the amount of the fourth compound satisfies the above range, the energy transfer from the host (e.g., exciplex host) to the first compound as the light-emitting dopant can be increased, such that the emission ratio can be improved. Accordingly, the emission efficiency of the light-emitting layer EML can be improved. If the amounts of the first compound, the second compound, the third compound, and the fourth compound included in the light-emitting layer EML satisfy the above ranges and ratios, excellent emission efficiency and long lifetime can be achieved.

[0361] In the light-emitting device ED, the light-emitting layer EML can further include an anthracene derivative, a pyrene derivative, a fluoranthene derivative, a derivative, a dihydrobenzanthracene derivative, or a benzophenanthrene derivative. For example, the light-emitting layer EML can include an anthracene derivative or a pyrene derivative.

[0362] In the light-emitting device ED according to the embodiments shown in each of the drawings as Figures 3 to 6 described, in addition to the above-mentioned host and dopant, the light-emitting layer EML can further include a host and a dopant in the related art.

[0363] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML can include a compound represented by Formula E-1. The compound represented by Formula E-1 can be used as a fluorescent host material:

[0364] [Formula E-1]

[0365]

[0366] In Formula E-1, R 31 to R 40 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding with an adjacent group. For example, R 31 to R 40 may combine with an adjacent group to form a saturated hydrocarbon ring, an unsaturated hydrocarbon ring, a saturated heterocyclic ring, or an unsaturated heterocyclic ring.

[0367] In Formula E-1, c and d may each independently be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0368] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula E-1 may be any compound selected from Compound E1 to Compound E19:

[0369]

[0370]

[0371] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may include a compound represented by Formula E-2a or Formula E-2b. The compound represented by Formula E-2a or Formula E-2b may be used as a phosphorescent host material.

[0372] [Formula E-2a]

[0373]

[0374] In Formula E-2a, a may be an integer from 0 to 10; and La may be a directly connected, substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. If a is 2 or greater, the plurality of La groups may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0375] In Formula E-2a, A1 to A5 may each independently be N or C(R i ). In Formula E-2a, R a to R iEach may independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted sulfanyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding with an adjacent group. For example, R a to R i may combine with an adjacent group to form a hydrocarbon ring or a heterocyclic ring including N, O, S, etc. as ring-forming atoms.

[0376] In formula E-2a, two or three of A1 to A5 may each be N, and the remaining groups among A1 to A5 may each independently be C(R i ).

[0377] [Formula E-2b]

[0378]

[0379] In formula E-2b, Cbz1 and Cbz2 may each independently be an unsubstituted carbazolyl group or a carbazolyl group substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. In formula E-2b, L b may be a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. In formula E-2b, b may be an integer from 0 to 10. If b is 2 or greater, multiple L b groups may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms.

[0380] In the examples, the compound represented by formula E-2a or formula E-2b may be any compound selected from compound group E-2. However, the compounds shown in compound group E-2 are only examples, and the compound represented by formula E-2a or formula E-2b is not limited to compound group E-2:

[0381] [Compound group E-2]

[0382]

[0383]

[0384] The light-emitting layer EML may further include materials in the relevant art as host materials. For example, the light-emitting layer EML may include at least one of the following as a host material: bis(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)diphenylsilane (BCPDS), (4-(1-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)cyclohexyl)phenyl)diphenyl-phosphine oxide (POPCPA), bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether oxide (DPEPO), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-bis(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (mCP), 2,8-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)dibenzofuran (PPF), 4,4',4"-tris(carbazol-9-yl)-triphenylamine (TCTA), and 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzene (TPBi). However, the examples are not limited thereto. For example, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3), 9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (ADN), 2-tert-butyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (TBADN), distyrylbenzene (DSA), 4,4'-bis(9-carbazolyl)-2,2'-dimethyl-biphenyl (CDBP), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), hexaphenylcyclotriphosphazene (CP1), 1,4-bis(triphenylsilyl)benzene (UGH2), hexaphenylcyclotrisiloxane (DPSiO3), octaphenylcyclotetrasiloxane (DPSiO4), etc. may be used as host materials.

[0385] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may include a compound represented by formula M-a. The compound represented by formula M-a may be used as a phosphorescent dopant material.

[0386] [Formula M-a]

[0387]

[0388] In formula M-a, Y1 to Y4 and Z1 to Z4 may each independently be C(R1) or N; and R1 to R4 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted sulfide group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding with adjacent groups. In formula M-a, m may be 0 or 1, and n may be 2 or 3. In formula M-a, if m is 0, then n may be 3, and if m is 1, then n may be 2.

[0389] In an embodiment, the compound represented by formula M-a can be any compound selected from compound M-a1 to compound M-a25. However, compound M-a1 to compound M-a25 are only examples, and the compound represented by formula M-a is not limited to compound M-a1 to compound M-a25:

[0390]

[0391]

[0392] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may further include a compound represented by one of formula F-a to formula F-c. The compound represented by one of formula F-a to formula F-c can be used as a fluorescent dopant material.

[0393] [Formula F-a]

[0394]

[0395] In formula F-a, two of R a to R j may each independently be substituted with a group represented by *-NAr1Ar2. The remaining groups of R a to R j that are not substituted with a group represented by *-NAr1Ar2 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0396] In the group represented by *-NAr1Ar2, Ar1 and Ar2 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. For example, at least one of Ar1 and Ar2 may each independently be a heteroaryl group including O or S as a ring atom.

[0397] [Formula F-b]

[0398]

[0399] In formula F-b, R a and R bEach may independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or form a ring by bonding with an adjacent group. In Formula F-b, Ar1 to Ar4 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. For example, at least one of Ar1 to Ar4 may each independently be a heteroaryl group including O or S as a ring-forming atom.

[0400] In Formula F-b, U and V may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring having 5 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms.

[0401] In Formula F-b, the number of rings represented by U and V (hereinafter, simply referred to as the number of U and the number of V) may each independently be 0 or 1. If the number of U or V is 1, a fused ring may be present at the portion indicated by U or V, respectively, and if the number of U or V is 0, a fused ring may not be present at the portion indicated by U or V, respectively. If the number of U is 0 and the number of V is 1, or if the number of U is 1 and the number of V is 0, the fused ring having the fluorene core of Formula F-b may be a cyclic compound having four rings. If the numbers of U and V are each 0, the fused ring having the fluorene core of Formula F-b may be a cyclic compound having three rings. If the numbers of U and V are each 1, the fused ring having the fluorene core of Formula F-b may be a cyclic compound having five rings.

[0402] [Formula F-c]

[0403]

[0404] In Formula F-c, A1 and A2 may each independently be O, S, Se or N(R m ); and R m may be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms. R1 to R 11Each is independently a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring-forming carbon atoms, or forms a ring by bonding with an adjacent group.

[0405] In Formula F-c, A1 and A2 can each independently combine with substituents of adjacent rings to form a fused ring. For example, if A1 and A2 are each independently N(R m ), A1 can combine with R4 or R5 to form a fused ring. For example, A2 can combine with R7 or R8 to form a fused ring.

[0406] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML can include styryl derivatives (e.g., 1,4-bis[2-(3-N-ethylcarbazolyl)vinyl]benzene (BCzVB), 4-(di-p-tolylamino)-4'-[(di-p-tolylamino)styryl]stilbene (DPAVB), N-(4-((E)-2-(6-((E)-4-(diphenylamino)styryl)naphthalen-2-yl)vinyl)phenyl)-N-phenylaniline (N-BDAVBi), and 4,4'-bis[2-(4-(N,N-diphenylamino)phenyl)vinyl]biphenyl (DPAVBi)), perylene or its derivatives (e.g., 2,5,8,11-tetra-tert-butylperylene (TBP)), pyrene or its derivatives (e.g., 1,1'-dipyrene, 1,4-dipyrenylbenzene, and 1,4-bis(N,N-diphenylamino)pyrene), etc. as dopant materials in the related art.

[0407] The light-emitting layer EML can include phosphorescent dopant materials in the related art. For example, the phosphorescent dopant can include metal complexes, and the metal complexes include iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), or thulium (Tm). For example, tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium(III) (Ir(ppy)3), bis(4,6-difluorophenylpyridine-N,C2')picolinatoiridium(III) (FIrpic), bis(2,4-difluorophenylpyridine)-tetrakis(1-pyrazolyl)boratoiridium(III) (FIr6), or platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) can be used as the phosphorescent dopant. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0408] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer can include quantum dots.

[0409] In the specification, the quantum dots can be crystals of semiconductor compounds. The quantum dots can emit light within various emission wavelengths according to the size of the crystals. The quantum dots can emit light within various emission wavelengths by controlling the elemental ratio of the quantum dot compounds.

[0410] The diameter of the quantum dots can be, for example, in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm.

[0411] The quantum dots can be synthesized by chemical bath deposition, metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, or by a similar process.

[0412] Chemical bath deposition is a method of mixing an organic solvent and a precursor material and growing the quantum dot particle crystals. While growing the crystals, the organic solvent can be used as a dispersant coordinated on the surface of the quantum dot crystals and can control the growth of the crystals. Therefore, compared with vapor deposition methods such as metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), chemical bath deposition can be more advantageous and can control the growth of quantum dot particles by a low-cost process.

[0413] In an embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML can include a quantum dot material. The quantum dots can be II-VI group compounds, III-VI group compounds, I-III-VI group compounds, III-V group compounds, III-II-V group compounds, IV-VI group compounds, group IV elements, group IV compounds, or combinations thereof.

[0414] Examples of II-VI group compounds can include: binary compounds selected from the group consisting of CdSe, CdTe, CdS, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, MgS, and mixtures thereof; ternary compounds selected from the group consisting of CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, MgZnS, and mixtures thereof; quaternary compounds selected from the group consisting of HgZnTeS, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, and mixtures thereof; and combinations thereof.

[0415] In an embodiment, the II-VI group compound may further include a Group I metal and / or a Group IV element. Examples of the I-II-VI group compound may include: CuZnS, etc. Examples of the II-IV-VI group compound may include ZnSnS, etc. Examples of the I-II-IV-VI group compound may include a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of Cu2ZnSnS2, Cu2ZnSnS4, Cu2ZnSnSe4, Ag2ZnSnS2, and mixtures thereof.

[0416] Examples of the III-VI group compound may include: binary compounds such as In2S3 and In2Se3; ternary compounds such as InGaS3 and InGaSe3; and combinations thereof.

[0417] Examples of the I-III-VI group compound may include: ternary compounds selected from the group consisting of AgInS, AgInS2, CuInS, CuInS2, AgGaS2, CuGaS2, CuGaO2, AgGaO2, AgAlO2, and mixtures thereof; quaternary compounds such as AgInGaS2 and CuInGaS2; and combinations thereof.

[0418] Examples of the III-V group compound may include: binary compounds selected from the group consisting of GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, and mixtures thereof; ternary compounds selected from the group consisting of GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InAlP, InNP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, InPSb, and mixtures thereof; quaternary compounds selected from the group consisting of GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and mixtures thereof; and combinations thereof. In an embodiment, the III-V group compound may further include a Group II metal. Examples of the III-II-V group compound may include InZnP, etc.

[0419] Examples of group IV-VI compounds can include: binary compounds selected from the group consisting of SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, and mixtures thereof; ternary compounds selected from the group consisting of SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, SnPbTe, and mixtures thereof; quaternary compounds selected from the group consisting of SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, SnPbSTe, and mixtures thereof; and combinations thereof.

[0420] Examples of group II-IV-V compounds can include ternary compounds selected from the group consisting of ZnSnP, ZnSnP2, ZnSnAs2, ZnGeP2, ZnGeAs2, CdSnP2, CdGeP2, and mixtures thereof.

[0421] Examples of group IV elements can include Si, Ge, and mixtures thereof. Examples of group IV compounds can include binary compounds selected from the group consisting of SiC, SiGe, and mixtures thereof.

[0422] Each element included in a compound such as a binary compound, ternary compound, or quaternary compound can be present in the particles in a uniform concentration or a non-uniform concentration. For example, a formula can indicate the elements included in the compound, but the ratio of the elements in the compound can vary. For example, AgInGaS2 can indicate AgIn x Ga 1-x S2 (where x is a real number between 0 and 1).

[0423] The binary compound, ternary compound, or quaternary compound can be present in the particles in a uniform concentration or in a partially different concentration distribution state. In an embodiment, the quantum dots can have a core-shell structure, where one quantum dot surrounds another quantum dot. The interface between the core and the shell can have a concentration gradient, where the concentration of the element present in the shell decreases towards the core.

[0424] In an embodiment, the quantum dots can have the above-described core-shell structure, which includes a nanocrystal core and a shell surrounding the core. The shell of the quantum dots can serve as a protective layer to prevent chemical denaturation of the core to maintain semiconductor properties, and / or can serve as a charging layer to impart electrophoretic properties to the quantum dots. The shell can have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. Examples of the shell of the quantum dots can include metal oxides, non-metal oxides, semiconductor compounds, or combinations thereof.

[0425] Examples of metal oxides or non-metal oxides may include: binary compounds such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and NiO; or ternary compounds such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and CoMn2O4. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0426] Examples of semiconductor compounds may include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, AlSb, etc., but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0427] The quantum dots may have a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission spectrum equal to or less than about 45 nm. For example, the quantum dots may have an FWHM of the emission spectrum equal to or less than about 40 nm. For example, the quantum dots may have an FWHM of the emission spectrum equal to or less than about 30 nm. In any of the above ranges, color purity or color reproducibility can be improved. The light emitted by the quantum dots can be emitted in all directions, thereby improving the light viewing angle properties.

[0428] The shape of the quantum dots may be any shape used in the relevant art. For example, the quantum dots may have a spherical shape, a pyramid shape, a multi-arm shape, or a cubic shape, or the quantum dots may be in the form of nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers, nanoplates, etc.

[0429] When adjusting the size of the quantum dots or the elemental ratio of the quantum dot compound, the band gap can be changed accordingly to generate light of various wavelengths from the quantum dot light-emitting layer. Therefore, by using the quantum dots described above (e.g., using quantum dots of different sizes or quantum dot compounds having different elemental ratios), a light-emitting element that emits light of various wavelengths can be realized. For example, the size of the quantum dots or the elemental ratio of the quantum dot compound can be adjusted to emit red, green, and / or blue light. For example, the quantum dots may be configured to emit white light by combining light of various colors.

[0430] As in Figures 3 to 6 In the light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment shown in each of the accompanying drawings, an electron transport region ETR may be provided on the light-emitting layer EML. The electron transport region ETR may include at least one of a hole blocking layer HBL, an electron transport layer ETL, and an electron injection layer EIL. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0431] The electron transport region ETR may have a structure including a layer composed of a single material, a structure including layers of different materials, or a structure including multiple layers of different materials.

[0432] For example, the electron transport region ETR may have a single-layer structure of an electron injection layer EIL or an electron transport layer ETL, or may have a single-layer structure formed of an electron injection material and an electron transport material. In an embodiment, the electron transport region ETR may have a single-layer structure formed of different materials, or may have a structure in which an electron transport layer ETL / electron injection layer EIL or a hole blocking layer HBL / electron transport layer ETL / electron injection layer EIL is stacked in the stated order from the light-emitting layer EML, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. The thickness of the electron transport region ETR may be, for example, in the range of about to about .

[0433] The electron transport region ETR may be formed using various methods such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method, an inkjet printing method, a laser printing method, and a laser-induced thermal imaging (LITI) method.

[0434] In the light-emitting device ED according to an embodiment, the electron transport region ETR may include a compound represented by Formula ET-2:

[0435] [Formula ET-2]

[0436]

[0437] In Formula ET-2, at least one of X1 to X3 may each be N, and the remaining groups among X1 to X3 may each independently be C(R a ). In Formula ET-2, R a may be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. In Formula ET-2, Ar1 to Ar3 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0438] In Formula ET-2, a to c can each independently be an integer from 0 to 10. In Formula ET-2, L1 to L3 can each independently be a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms. If each of a to c is 2 or greater, the multiple groups of each of L1 to L3 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

[0439] The electron transport region ETR can include anthracene compounds. However, the examples are not limited thereto, and the electron transport region ETR can include, for example, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3), 1,3,5-tris[(3-pyridinyl)-benzene-3-yl]benzene, 2,4,6-tris(3'-(pyridin-3-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(4-(N-phenylbenzimidazol-1-yl)phenyl)-9,10-dinaphthylanthracene, 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzene (TPBi), 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), 3-(4-biphenylyl)-4-phenyl-5-tert-butylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), 4-(naphthalen-1-yl)-3,5-diphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (NTAZ), 2-(4-biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (tBu-PBD), bis(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato-N1,O8)-(1,1'-biphenyl-4-olato)aluminum (BAlq), bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)beryllium (Bebq2), 9,10-di(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (ADN), 1,3-bis[3,5-bis(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl]benzene (BmPyPhB), CNNPTRZ (4'-(4-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)naphthalen-1-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carbonitrile) or a mixture thereof, but not limited thereto.

[0440] In an example, the electron transport region ETR can include a compound selected from the group of Compounds 3.

[0441] In an example, the electron transport region ETR can include at least one compound selected from Compounds ET1 to Compound ET36:

[0442]

[0443]

[0444]

[0445]

[0446] In an embodiment, the electron transport region ETR may include: metal halides such as LiF, NaCl, CsF, RbCl, RbI, CuI, and KI; lanthanide elements such as Yb; or co-deposited materials of metal halides and lanthanide elements. For example, the electron transport region ETR may include KI:Yb, RbI:Yb, LiF:Yb, etc. as co-deposited materials. The electron transport region ETR may include metal oxides such as Li2O and BaO, or lithium 8-(hydroxyquinoline) (Liq). However, the embodiment is not limited thereto. The electron transport region ETR may also be formed of a mixture of an electron transport material and an insulating organometallic salt. The organometallic salt may be a material having a band gap equal to or greater than about 4 eV. For example, the organometallic salt may include metal acetates, metal benzoates, metal acetoacetates, metal acetylacetonates, or metal stearates.

[0447] In addition to the foregoing materials, the electron transport region ETR may include at least one of 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), diphenyl(4-(triphenylsilyl)phenyl)phosphine oxide (TSPO1), and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen). However, the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0448] The electron transport region ETR may include a compound of the electron transport region ETR in at least one of the electron injection layer EIL, the electron transport layer ETL, and the hole blocking layer HBL.

[0449] If the electron transport region ETR includes the electron transport layer ETL, the thickness of the electron transport layer ETL may be in the range of about to about . For example, the thickness of the electron transport layer ETL may be in the range of about to about . If the thickness of the electron transport layer ETL satisfies any of the above ranges, satisfactory electron transport properties can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage. If the electron transport region ETR includes the electron injection layer EIL, the thickness of the electron injection layer EIL may be in the range of about to about . For example, the thickness of the electron injection layer EIL may be in the range of about to about Within the range. If the thickness of the electron injection layer EIL satisfies any of the above ranges, satisfactory electron injection properties can be obtained without causing a significant increase in the driving voltage.

[0450] The second electrode EL2 can be provided on the electron transport region ETR. The second electrode EL2 can be a common electrode. The second electrode EL2 can be a cathode or an anode, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, if the first electrode EL1 is an anode, the second electrode EL2 can be a cathode, and if the first electrode EL1 is a cathode, the second electrode EL2 can be an anode.

[0451] The second electrode EL2 can be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive semi-reflective electrode, or a reflective electrode. If the second electrode EL2 is a transmissive electrode, the second electrode EL2 can include a transparent metal oxide such as ITO, IZO, ZnO, ITZO, etc.

[0452] If the second electrode EL2 is a semi-transmissive semi-reflective electrode or a reflective electrode, the second electrode EL2 can include Ag, Mg, Cu, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, Li, Ca, LiF, Mo, Ti, Yb, W, their compounds, or their mixtures (e.g., AgMg, AgYb, or MgYb), or materials having a multilayer structure such as LiF / Ca, LiF / Al. In an embodiment, the second electrode EL2 can have a multilayer structure including a reflective layer or a semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer formed of the above materials and a transparent conductive layer formed of ITO, IZO, ZnO, ITZO, etc. For example, the second electrode EL2 can include the aforementioned metal materials, a combination of two or more of the aforementioned metal materials, or oxides of the aforementioned metal materials.

[0453] Although not shown in the drawings, the second electrode EL2 can be electrically connected to an auxiliary electrode. If the second electrode EL2 is electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode, the resistance of the second electrode EL2 can be reduced.

[0454] In an embodiment, the light-emitting element ED can further include a cover layer CPL provided on the second electrode EL2. The cover layer CPL can have a multilayer structure or a single-layer structure.

[0455] In an embodiment, the cover layer CPL can include an organic layer or an inorganic layer. For example, if the cover layer CPL includes an inorganic material, the inorganic material can include alkali metal compounds such as LiF, alkaline earth metal compounds such as MgF2, SiON, SiN x , SiO y etc.

[0456] For example, if the cover layer CPL includes an organic material, the organic material may include 2,2'-dimethyl-N,N'-bis[(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl]-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (α-NPD), NPB, TPD, m-MTDATA, Alq3, CuPc, N4,N4,N4',N4'-tetrakis(biphenyl-4-yl)biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (TPD15), 4,4',4''-tris(carbazol-9-yl)triphenylamine (TCTA), etc., or may include an epoxy resin or an acrylate resin such as a methacrylate. In an embodiment, the cover layer CPL may include at least one of Compound P1 to Compound P5, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0457]

[0458]

[0459] The refractive index of the cover layer CPL may be equal to or greater than about 1.6. For example, with respect to light in the wavelength range of about 550 nm to about 660 nm, the refractive index of the cover layer CPL may be equal to or greater than about 1.6.

[0460] Figures 7 to 10 Respectively are schematic cross-sectional views of display devices DD-a, DD-TD, DD-b, DD-c according to embodiments. In the description of the display devices DD-a, DD-TD, DD-b, DD-c according to embodiments as shown in Figures 7 to 10 what has been described above will not be described again, and different features will be described. Figures 1 to 6

[0461] Refer to Figure 7 , a display device DD-a according to an embodiment may include a display panel DP, a light control layer CCL provided on the display panel DP, and a color filter layer CFL, and the display panel DP includes a display device layer DP-ED.

[0462] In Figure 7 the embodiment shown, the display panel DP includes a substrate layer BS, a circuit layer DP-CL provided on the substrate layer BS, and a display device layer DP-ED, and the display device layer DP-ED may include a light-emitting element ED.

[0463] The light-emitting element ED may include a first electrode EL1, a hole transport region HTR provided on the first electrode EL1, a light-emitting layer EML provided on the hole transport region HTR, an electron transport region ETR provided on the light-emitting layer EML, and a second electrode EL2 provided on the electron transport region ETR. In an embodiment, Figure 7 ​The structure of the light-emitting element ED shown in can be the same as that of the light-emitting element according to one of the above-mentioned Figures 3 to 6 above.

[0464] The light-emitting layer EML of the light-emitting element ED included in the display device DD-a according to the embodiment may include the fused polycyclic compound according to the embodiment as described above.

[0465] Referring to Figure 7 , the light-emitting layer EML may be disposed in the opening OH defined in the pixel defining film PDL. For example, the light-emitting layer EML separated by the pixel defining film PDL and correspondingly provided to each of the light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B may emit light within the same wavelength range. In the display device DD-a, the light-emitting layer EML may emit blue light. Although not shown in the drawings, in the embodiment, the light-emitting layer EML may be provided as a common layer for each of the light-emitting regions PXA-R, PXA-G, and PXA-B.

[0466] The light control layer CCL may be disposed on the display panel DP. The light control layer CCL may include a light converter. The light converter may be a quantum dot or a phosphor. The light converter may convert the wavelength of the provided light and emit the resulting light. For example, the light control layer CCL may be a layer including quantum dots or a layer including phosphors.

[0467] The light control layer CCL may include light control portions CCP1, CCP2, and CCP3. The light control portions CCP1, CCP2, and CCP3 may be spaced apart from each other.

[0468] Referring to Figure 7 , the separation pattern BMP may be disposed between the light control portions CCP1, CCP2, and CCP3 spaced apart from each other, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. In Figure 7 , it is shown that the separation pattern BMP does not overlap with the light control portions CCP1, CCP2, and CCP3, but the edges of the light control portions CCP1, CCP2, and CCP3 may overlap at least a part of the separation pattern BMP.

[0469] The light control layer CCL may include a first light control portion CCP1, a second light control portion CCP2, and a third light control portion CCP3. The first light control portion CCP1 includes a first quantum dot QD1 that converts the first color light provided from the light-emitting element ED into a second color light. The second light control portion CCP2 includes a second quantum dot QD2 that converts the first color light into a third color light. The third light control portion CCP3 transmits the first color light.

[0470] In an embodiment, the first light control portion CCP1 may provide red light as the second color light, and the second light control portion CCP2 may provide green light as the third color light. The third light control portion CCP3 may provide blue light by transmitting the first color light provided from the light emitting element ED. For example, the first quantum dot QD1 may be a red quantum dot, and the second quantum dot QD2 may be a green quantum dot. The quantum dots QD1 and QD2 may each be the quantum dots described above.

[0471] The light control layer CCL may further include a scatterer SP. The first light control portion CCP1 may include the first quantum dot QD1 and the scatterer SP, the second light control portion CCP2 may include the second quantum dot QD2 and the scatterer SP, and the third light control portion CCP3 may not include quantum dots but may include the scatterer SP.

[0472] The scatterer SP may be inorganic particles. For example, the scatterer SP may include at least one of TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, and SiO2 (e.g., hollow silica). The scatterer SP may include at least one of TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, and SiO2 (e.g., hollow silica), or may be a mixture of two or more materials selected from TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, and SiO2 (e.g., hollow silica).

[0473] The first light control portion CCP1, the second light control portion CCP2, and the third light control portion CCP3 may include matrix resins BR1, BR2, and BR3 in which the quantum dots QD1 and QD2 and the scatterer SP are dispersed. In an embodiment, the first light control portion CCP1 may include the first quantum dot QD1 and the scatterer SP dispersed in the first matrix resin BR1, the second light control portion CCP2 may include the second quantum dot QD2 and the scatterer SP dispersed in the second matrix resin BR2, and the third light control portion CCP3 may include the scatterer SP dispersed in the third matrix resin BR3.

[0474] The matrix resins BR1, BR2, and BR3 are media in which the quantum dots QD1 and QD2 and the scatterer SP are dispersed, and may include various resin compositions that can be referred to as adhesives. For example, the matrix resins BR1, BR2, and BR3 may be acrylic resins, urethane resins, silicone resins, epoxy resins, etc. The matrix resins BR1, BR2, BR3 may each be a transparent resin. In an embodiment, the first matrix resin BR1, the second matrix resin BR2, and the third matrix resin BR3 may be the same as or different from each other.

[0475] The light control layer CCL may include a barrier layer BFL1. The barrier layer BFL1 may block the penetration of moisture and / or oxygen (hereinafter referred to as "moisture / oxygen"). The barrier layer BFL1 may block the light control portions CCP1, CCP2, and CCP3 from being exposed to moisture / oxygen. The barrier layer BFL1 may cover the light control portions CCP1, CCP2, and CCP3. In an embodiment, the color filter layer CFL, which will be described later, may include a barrier layer BFL2 disposed on the light control portions CCP1, CCP2, and CCP3.

[0476] The barrier layers BFL1 and BFL2 may each independently include at least one inorganic layer. For example, the barrier layers BFL1 and BFL2 may each independently include an inorganic material. For example, the barrier layers BFL1 and BFL2 may each independently include silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, silicon oxynitride, or a metal thin film that ensures light transmittance. The barrier layers BFL1 and BFL2 may each independently further include an organic material. The barrier layers BFL1 and BFL2 may be composed of a single layer or multiple layers.

[0477] In the display device DD-a, the color filter layer CFL may be disposed on the light control layer CCL. In an embodiment, the color filter layer CFL may be directly disposed on the light control layer CCL. For example, the barrier layer BFL2 may be omitted.

[0478] The color filter layer CFL may include color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3. The first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3 may be arranged to correspond to a red light-emitting region PXA-R, a green light-emitting region PXA-G, and a blue light-emitting region PXA-B, respectively.

[0479] The color filter layer CFL may include a first color filter CF1 that transmits second color light, a second color filter CF2 that transmits third color light, and a third color filter CF3 that transmits first color light. For example, the first color filter CF1 may be a red color filter, the second color filter CF2 may be a green color filter, and the third color filter CF3 may be a blue color filter. The color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3 may each include a polymer photosensitive resin and a pigment or a dye. The first color filter CF1 may include a red pigment or a dye, the second color filter CF2 may include a green pigment or a dye, and the third color filter CF3 may include a blue pigment or a dye.

[0480] However, the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the third color filter CF3 may not include a pigment or a dye. The third color filter CF3 may include a polymer photosensitive resin and may not include a pigment or a dye. The third color filter CF3 may be transparent. The third color filter CF3 may be formed of a transparent photosensitive resin.

[0481] In an embodiment, the first color filter CF1 and the second color filter CF2 may each be a yellow color filter. The first color filter CF1 and the second color filter CF2 may not be provided as separate color filters and may be provided as an integral color filter.

[0482] Although not shown in the drawings, the color filter layer CFL may further include a light-blocking portion (not shown). The light-blocking portion (not shown) may be a black matrix. The light-blocking portion (not shown) may include an organic light-blocking material or an inorganic light-blocking material, each including a black pigment or a black dye. The light-blocking portion (not shown) may prevent light leakage and may separate the boundaries between adjacent color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3.

[0483] The substrate base BL may be disposed on the color filter layer CFL. The substrate base BL may provide a substrate surface on which the color filter layer CFL, the light control layer CCL, etc. are disposed. The substrate base BL may be a glass substrate, a metal substrate, a plastic substrate, etc. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the substrate base BL may include an inorganic layer, an organic layer, or a composite material layer. Although not shown in the drawings, in an embodiment, the substrate base BL may be omitted.

[0484] Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a display device DD-TD according to an embodiment. In the display device DD-TD according to the embodiment, the light-emitting element ED-BT may include light-emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, and OL-B3. The light-emitting element ED-BT may include a first electrode EL1 and a second electrode EL2 disposed opposite to each other and the light-emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, and OL-B3 stacked in the thickness direction between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2. The light-emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, and OL-B3 may each include a hole transport region HTR, a light-emitting layer EML( Figure 7 ) and an electron transport region ETR, which may be disposed in the following order between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2.

[0485] For example, the light-emitting element ED-BT included in the display device DD-TD may be a light-emitting element having a series structure including a plurality of light-emitting layers.

[0486] In Figure 8In the embodiments shown, the light emitted from the light-emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, and OL-B3 can each be blue light. However, the embodiments are not limited thereto, and the light emitted from the light-emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, and OL-B3 can have different wavelength ranges from each other. For example, the light-emitting element ED-BT including the light-emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, and OL-B3 that emit light in different wavelength ranges can emit white light.

[0487] The charge generation layers CGL1 and CGL2 can each be disposed between two adjacent light-emitting structures among the light-emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, and OL-B3. The charge generation layers CGL1 and CGL2 can each independently include a p-type charge generation layer and / or an n-type charge generation layer.

[0488] At least one of the light-emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, and OL-B3 can each independently include a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment. For example, at least one of the light-emitting layers included in the light-emitting element ED-BT can each independently include a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment.

[0489] Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device DD-b according to an embodiment. Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device DD-c according to an embodiment.

[0490] Reference Figure 9 , the display device DD-b according to an embodiment can include light-emitting elements ED-1, ED-2, and ED-3 in which two light-emitting layers are stacked. Compared with Figure 2 the display device DD shown, Figure 9 the embodiment shown is different at least in that: the first light-emitting element ED-1, the second light-emitting element ED-2, and the third light-emitting element ED-3 each include two light-emitting layers stacked in the thickness direction. In each of the first light-emitting element ED-1, the second light-emitting element ED-2, and the third light-emitting element ED-3, the two light-emitting layers can emit light in the same wavelength range.

[0491] The first light-emitting element ED-1 may include a first red light-emitting layer EML-R1 and a second red light-emitting layer EML-R2. The second light-emitting element ED-2 may include a first green light-emitting layer EML-G1 and a second green light-emitting layer EML-G2. The third light-emitting element ED-3 may include a first blue light-emitting layer EML-B1 and a second blue light-emitting layer EML-B2. An emission assist part OG may be disposed between the first red light-emitting layer EML-R1 and the second red light-emitting layer EML-R2, between the first green light-emitting layer EML-G1 and the second green light-emitting layer EML-G2, and between the first blue light-emitting layer EML-B1 and the second blue light-emitting layer EML-B2.

[0492] The emission assist part OG may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The emission assist part OG may include a charge generation layer. For example, the emission assist part OG may include an electron transport region, a charge generation layer, and a hole transport region that may be stacked in the following order. The emission assist part OG may be provided as a common layer for each of the first light-emitting element ED-1, the second light-emitting element ED-2, and the third light-emitting element ED-3. However, embodiments are not limited thereto, and the emission assist part OG may be provided by patterning in an opening OH defined in a pixel defining film PDL.

[0493] The first red light-emitting layer EML-R1, the first green light-emitting layer EML-G1, and the first blue light-emitting layer EML-B1 may each be disposed between the electron transport region ETR and the emission assist part OG. The second red light-emitting layer EML-R2, the second green light-emitting layer EML-G2, and the second blue light-emitting layer EML-B2 may each be disposed between the emission assist part OG and the hole transport region HTR.

[0494] For example, the first light-emitting element ED-1 may include a first electrode EL1, a hole transport region HTR, a second red light-emitting layer EML-R2, an emission assist part OG, a first red light-emitting layer EML-R1, an electron transport region ETR, and a second electrode EL2 stacked in the following order. The second light-emitting element ED-2 may include a first electrode EL1, a hole transport region HTR, a second green light-emitting layer EML-G2, an emission assist part OG, a first green light-emitting layer EML-G1, an electron transport region ETR, and a second electrode EL2 stacked in the following order. The third light-emitting element ED-3 may include a first electrode EL1, a hole transport region HTR, a second blue light-emitting layer EML-B2, an emission assist part OG, a first blue light-emitting layer EML-B1, an electron transport region ETR, and a second electrode EL2 stacked in the following order.

[0495] The optical auxiliary layer PL may be disposed on the display device layer DP-ED. The optical auxiliary layer PL may include a polarizing layer. The optical auxiliary layer PL may be disposed on the display panel DP and may control light reflected from external light at the display panel DP. Although not shown in the drawings, in an embodiment, the optical auxiliary layer PL may be omitted from the display device DD-b.

[0496] Included in Figure 9 At least one light emitting layer in the display device DD-b shown in FIG. 1 may include the condensed polycyclic compound according to the embodiment. For example, in the embodiment, at least one of the first blue light emitting layer EML-B1 and the second blue light emitting layer EML-B2 may include the condensed polycyclic compound.

[0497] and Figure 8 and Figure 9 compared to, Figure 10 A display device DD-c is shown that is different at least in that it includes four light emitting structures OL-B1, OL-B2, OL-B3, and OL-C1. The light emitting element ED-CT may include a first electrode EL1 and a second electrode EL2 disposed opposite to each other and a first light emitting structure OL-B1, a second light emitting structure OL-B2, a third light emitting structure OL-B3, and a fourth light emitting structure OL-C1 stacked in the thickness direction between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2. In an embodiment, the third light emitting structure OL-B3, the second light emitting structure OL-B2, the first light emitting structure OL-B1, and the fourth light emitting structure OL-C1 may be stacked in the order stated in the thickness direction.

[0498] The charge generation layers CGL1, CGL2, and CGL3 may each be disposed between two adjacent light emitting structures among the first light emitting structure OL-B1, the second light emitting structure OL-B2, the third light emitting structure OL-B3, and the fourth light emitting structure OL-C1. For example, the first charge generation layer CGL1 may be disposed between the first light emitting structure OL-B1 and the fourth light emitting structure OL-C1. For example, the second charge generation layer CGL2 may be disposed between the first light emitting structure OL-B1 and the second light emitting structure OL-B2. For example, the third charge generation layer CGL3 may be disposed between the second light emitting structure OL-B2 and the third light emitting structure OL-B3.

[0499] Among the four light emitting structures, the first light emitting structure OL-B1, the second light emitting structure OL-B2, and the third light emitting structure OL-B3 may each emit blue light, and the fourth light emitting structure OL-C1 may emit green light. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the first light emitting structure OL-B1, the second light emitting structure OL-B2, the third light emitting structure OL-B3, and the fourth light emitting structure OL-C1 may emit light having different wavelength ranges from each other.

[0500] Charge generation layers CGL1, CGL2, and CGL3 disposed between adjacent light-emitting structures among the first light-emitting structure OL-B1, the second light-emitting structure OL-B2, the third light-emitting structure OL-B3, and the fourth light-emitting structure OL-C1 may each independently include a p-type charge generation layer and / or an n-type charge generation layer.

[0501] At least one of the first light-emitting structure OL-B1, the second light-emitting structure OL-B2, the third light-emitting structure OL-B3, and the fourth light-emitting structure OL-C1 included in the display device DD-c may each independently include a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment. For example, at least one of the first light-emitting structure OL-B1, the second light-emitting structure OL-B2, and the third light-emitting structure OL-B3 may each independently include a fused polycyclic compound.

[0502] The light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment may include a fused polycyclic compound represented by Formula 1 in at least one functional layer disposed between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2, and thus, may exhibit excellent luminous efficiency and improved lifetime properties. For example, the light-emitting layer EML of the light-emitting element ED may include a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment, and the light-emitting element ED may exhibit long lifetime properties.

[0503] In an embodiment, an electronic device may include a display device and a control portion for controlling the display device, the display device including a plurality of light-emitting elements. The electronic device may be a device activated by an electrical signal. The electronic device may include a display device according to various embodiments described herein. Examples of the electronic device may include large, medium, and small devices, such as a television, a monitor, a billboard, a personal computer (such as a laptop computer), a personal digital terminal, a display device for a vehicle, a game console, a portable electronic device, and a camera.

[0504] Figure 11 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle AM including a first display device DD-1, a second display device DD-2, a third display device DD-3, and a fourth display device DD-4 according to an embodiment. At least one of the first display device DD-1, the second display device DD-2, the third display device DD-3, and the fourth display device DD-4 may have a structure of one of the display devices DD, DD-TD, DD-a, DD-b, and DD-c illustrated above with reference to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0505] In Figure 11In this case, the vehicle AM is shown as a car, but this is merely an example, and the first display device DD-1, the second display device DD-2, the third display device DD-3, and the fourth display device DD-4 can be provided in various means of transportation such as bicycles, motorcycles, trains, ships, or airplanes. In an embodiment, at least one of the first display device DD-1, the second display device DD-2, the third display device DD-3, and the fourth display device DD-4, each having a structure according to one of the display devices DD, DD-TD, DD-a, DD-b, and DD-c, can be included in a personal computer (such as a laptop computer), a personal digital terminal, a game console, a portable electronic device, a television, a monitor, or a billboard, etc. However, these are only listed as examples, and the display device can be included in other electronic devices.

[0506] At least one of the first display device DD-1, the second display device DD-2, the third display device DD-3, and the fourth display device DD-4 can each independently include a light-emitting element ED according to an embodiment as described in any of the accompanying drawings. Figures 3 to 6 The light-emitting element ED can include a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment. At least one of the first display device DD-1, the second display device DD-2, the third display device DD-3, and the fourth display device DD-4 can each independently include a light-emitting element ED containing a fused polycyclic compound, thereby exhibiting an improved display service life.

[0507] Reference Figure 11 , the vehicle AM can include a steering wheel HA and a shift lever GR for operating the vehicle AM. The vehicle AM can include a front window GL provided to face the driver.

[0508] The first display device DD-1 can be provided in a first region overlapping the steering wheel HA. For example, the first display device DD-1 can be a digital cluster that displays first information of the vehicle AM. The first information can include a first scale indicating the traveling speed of the vehicle AM, a second scale indicating the engine speed (e.g., in revolutions per minute (RPM)), and an image representing a fuel gauge. The first scale and the second scale can each be represented by a digital image.

[0509] The second display device DD-2 may be disposed in a second area of the seat facing the driver that overlaps with the front window GL. The driver's seat may be the seat where the steering wheel HA is provided. For example, the second display device DD-2 may be a head-up display (HUD) that displays second information of the vehicle AM. The second display device DD-2 may be optically transparent. The second information may include a numerical code indicating the driving speed of the vehicle AM and may also include information such as the current time. Although not shown in the drawings, in an embodiment, the second information of the second display device DD-2 may be displayed by being projected onto the front window GL.

[0510] The third display device DD-3 may be disposed in a third area adjacent to the shift lever GR. For example, the third display device DD-3 may be disposed between the driver's seat and the passenger seat and may be a center information display (CID) for the vehicle AM that displays third information. The passenger seat may be a seat spaced apart from the driver's seat, and the shift lever GR may be disposed between the driver's seat and the passenger seat. The third information may include information related to traffic or road conditions (e.g., navigation information), information related to the music or radio being played, a moving image (or video) being displayed, or information related to the temperature inside the vehicle AM, etc.

[0511] The fourth display device DD-4 may be disposed in a fourth area spaced apart from the steering wheel HA and the shift lever GR and adjacent to one side of the vehicle AM. For example, the fourth display device DD-4 may be a digital side mirror that displays fourth information. The fourth display device DD-4 may display an image outside the vehicle AM that can be captured by a camera module CM disposed outside the vehicle AM. The fourth information may include an external image of the vehicle AM.

[0512] The first to fourth information described above is provided only as an example, and the first display device DD-1, the second display device DD-2, the third display device DD-3, and the fourth display device DD-4 may also display information related to the inside and outside of the vehicle AM. The first to fourth information may include different information from each other. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto, and a part of the first to fourth information may include the same information.

[0513] Hereinafter, a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment and a light-emitting element according to an embodiment will be described with reference to examples and comparative examples. The examples described below are provided only to assist in understanding the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0514] [Examples]

[0515] 1. Synthesis of Fused Polycyclic Compound

[0516] The synthesis methods of reference compound 1, compound 5, compound 9, compound 24, compound 30, compound 34, compound 45, and compound 54 will be described in detail. A method for synthesizing a fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment will be described. The synthesis method for the fused polycyclic compound described below is provided only as an example, and the synthesis method for the fused polycyclic compound according to the embodiment is not limited to the example below.

[0517] (1) Synthesis of Compound 1

[0518] Compound 1 according to the embodiment can be synthesized, for example, by the following reaction.

[0519] (Synthesis of Intermediate 2a)

[0520]

[0521] Under an Ar atmosphere, 1,3-dibromo-5-tert-butylbenzene (33.5 g), intermediate 1a (23.4 g), Pd(dba)2 (2.2 g) (dba = dibenzylideneacetone), SPhos (1.7 g) (SPhos = 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-dimethoxybiphenyl), and NaOtBu (6.9 g) were placed in a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (850 mL), and heated under reflux for 1 hour. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 30.4 g of intermediate 2a (yield 64%). The mass number of intermediate 2a measured by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) was 413.

[0522] (Synthesis of Intermediate 4a)

[0523]

[0524] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 2a (30.4 g), intermediate 3a (14.6 g), Pd(dba)2 (2.1 g), SPhos (1.6 g), and NaOtBu (6.8 g) were placed in a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (900 mL), and heated under reflux for 2 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 27.7 g of intermediate 4a (yield 71%). The mass number of intermediate 4a measured by FAB-MS was 532.

[0525] (Synthesis of Intermediate 5a)

[0526]

[0527] Under an Ar atmosphere, CH2Cl2 (52 mL) and Intermediate 4a (27.7 g) were added to a 500 mL three-necked flask, and the solution was cooled to 0 °C using an ice bath. BBr3 (39 g, in CH2Cl2 (100 mL)) was added dropwise to the cooled solution over 30 minutes. After the addition was complete, the reaction solution was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 6 hours. The resulting reaction solution was poured into ice water, and the product was extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 21.1 g of Intermediate 5a (yield 78%). The mass number of Intermediate 5a measured by FAB-MS was 518.

[0528] (Synthesis of Intermediate 7a)

[0529]

[0530] Under an Ar atmosphere, Intermediate 5a (21.1 g), Intermediate 6a (15.0 g), CuI (1.2 g), dipivaloylmethane (DPM) (2.0 g), and Cs2CO3 (26 g) were placed in a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (40 mL), and heated under reflux for 12 hours. After the temperature returned to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 20.9 g of Intermediate 7a (yield 63%). The mass number of Intermediate 7a measured by FAB-MS was 817.

[0531] (Synthesis of Intermediate 8a)

[0532]

[0533] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 7a (20.9g) is put into 500mL three-necked flask, dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene (70mL), cooled to 0 ℃ in an ice bath, and boron triiodide (60.1g) is added, and at 170 ℃, the mixture is heated and stirred for 18 hours, cooled to 0 ℃ in an ice bath, and triethylamine (100mL) is added. After the temperature is restored to room temperature, the reaction solution is filtered with silica gel, and the filtrate solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained is purified by repurification by silica gel column chromatography, preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (eluent: CHCl3) and toluene to obtain 4.9g intermediate 8a (yield 23%). The mass number of the intermediate 8a measured by FAB-MS is 833.

[0534] (Synthesis of Compound 1)

[0535]

[0536] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 8a (4.9 g), carbazole (2.0 g), Pd (dba) 2 (0.4 g), tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate ((t-Bu) 3 PHBF 4, 0.4 g) and NaO tBu (1.1 g) were placed in a 500 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (20 mL), and heated and refluxed for 16 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH 2 Cl 2 , and the organic layer was collected and dried with MgSO 4 , and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 2.1 g of compound 1 (yield 37%). The mass number of the measured compound 1 measured by FAB-MS was 965.

[0537] (2) Synthesis of Compound 5

[0538] Compound 5 according to the example can be synthesized by, for example, the following reaction.

[0539] (Synthesis of Intermediate 10a)

[0540]

[0541] Under an Ar atmosphere, 1,3-dibromo-5-tert-butylbenzene (376 g), intermediate 9a (316 g), Pd(dba)2 (39 g), 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (Xantphos) (79 g), and NaOtBu (263 g) were placed in a 5,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (2,700 mL), and heated under reflux for 7 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 359 g of intermediate 10a (yield 61%). The mass number of intermediate 10a measured by FAB-MS was 455.

[0542] (Synthesis of intermediate 11a)

[0543]

[0544] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 10a (359 g), I-C6H5 (800 g), CuI (161 g), and K2CO3 (138 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask and heated and stirred at 190 °C for 96 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification by silica gel column chromatography gave 285 g of intermediate 11a (yield 68%). The mass number of intermediate 11a measured by FAB-MS was 531.

[0545] (Synthesis of intermediate 13a)

[0546]

[0547] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 12a (307 g), 1-chloro-3-iodobenzene (471 g), CuI (376 g), and K2CO3 (273 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask and heated and stirred at 200 °C for 90 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification by silica gel column chromatography gave 217 g of intermediate 13a (yield 60%). The mass number of intermediate 13a measured by FAB-MS was 730.

[0548] (Synthesis of intermediate 15a)

[0549]

[0550] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 13a (217 g), intermediate 14a (277 g), CuI (225 g), and K2CO3 (184 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 200 °C for 90 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto for extraction with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification was carried out by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 169 g of intermediate 15a (yield 68%). The mass number of intermediate 15a measured by FAB-MS was 836.

[0551] (Synthesis of intermediate 16a)

[0552]

[0553] Under an Ar atmosphere, CH2Cl2 (300 mL) and intermediate 15a (169 g) were added to a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, and the solution was cooled to 0 °C using an ice bath. BBr3 (150 g, in CH2Cl2 (300 mL)) was added dropwise to the cooled solution over 60 minutes. After the addition was complete, the temperature of the reaction solution was raised to room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 6 hours. The resulting reaction solution was poured into ice water, and the product was extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 120 g of intermediate 16a (yield 72%). The mass number of intermediate 16a measured by FAB-MS was 822.

[0554] (Synthesis of intermediate 17a)

[0555]

[0556] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 16a (120 g), intermediate 11a (85.2 g), CuI (7.2 g), dipivaloylmethane (DPM) (12.0 g), and Cs2CO3 (160 g) were placed in a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (100 mL), and heated under reflux for 11 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto for extraction of the product with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 38.9 g of intermediate 17a (yield 21%). The mass number of intermediate 17a measured by FAB-MS was 1274.

[0557] (Synthesis of intermediate 18a)

[0558]

[0559] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 17a (38.9 g) was placed in a 500 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene (85 mL), cooled to 0 ° C in an ice bath, and added boron triiodide (47.8 g), and heated and stirred at 180 ° C for 16 hours, cooled to 0 ° C in an ice bath, and added triethylamine (120 mL). After the temperature was restored to room temperature, the reaction solution was filtered through silica gel, and the filtrate solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by repurification through silica gel column chromatography, preparative HPLC (eluent: CHCl ) and toluene to obtain 7.1 g of intermediate 18a (yield 18%). The mass number of the intermediate 18a measured by FAB-MS was 1290.

[0560] (Synthesis of Compound 5)

[0561]

[0562] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 18a (7.1 g), carbazole (1.1 g), Pd (dba) 2 (0.8 g), tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate ((t-Bu) 3PHBF 4, 0.8 g) and NaO tBu (2.2 g) were placed in a 500 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (25 mL), and heated and refluxed for 24 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH 2 Cl 2 , and the organic layer was collected and dried with MgSO 4 , and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 3.2 g of compound 5 (yield 41%). The mass number of the measured compound 5 measured by FAB-MS was 1421.

[0563] (3) Synthesis of Compound 9

[0564] Compound 9 according to the example can be synthesized by, for example, the following reaction.

[0565] (Synthesis of Intermediate 19a)

[0566]

[0567] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 10a (318 g), intermediate 14a (655 g), CuI (532 g) and K2CO3 (386 g) were added to a 3,000 mL three-necked flask, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 200 °C for 90 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto for extraction with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification was carried out by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 244 g of intermediate 19a (yield 62%). The mass number of intermediate 19a measured by FAB-MS was 561.

[0568] (Synthesis of intermediate 21a)

[0569]

[0570] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 19a (244 g), intermediate 20a (58.5 g), CuI (15.4 g), dipivaloylmethane (DPM) (24.0 g) and Cs2CO3 (320 g) were placed in a 3,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (150 mL), and heated and refluxed for 12 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto for extraction of the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 108 g of intermediate 21a (yield 41%). The mass number of intermediate 21a measured by FAB-MS was 609.

[0571] (Synthesis of intermediate 22a)

[0572]

[0573] Under an Ar atmosphere, CH2Cl2 (300 mL) and intermediate 21a (108 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, and the solution was cooled to 0 °C using an ice bath. BBr3 (150 g, in CH2Cl2 (300 mL)) was added dropwise to the cooled solution over 60 minutes. After the addition was complete, the temperature of the reaction solution was raised to room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 6 hours. The resulting reaction solution was poured into ice water, and the product was extracted with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 84.9 g of intermediate 22a (yield 80%). The mass number of intermediate 22a measured by FAB-MS was 595.

[0574] (Synthesis of intermediate 23a)

[0575]

[0576] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 22a (84.9g), intermediate 11a (79.8g), CuI (10.2g), dipivaloyl methane (DPM) (16.1g) and CsCO (220g) are put into 2,000mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (120mL), and heated and refluxed for 12 hours. After the temperature is restored to room temperature, water is added thereto to extract the product with CHCl, and the organic layer is collected and dried with MgSO, and then the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained by silica gel column chromatography is purified to obtain 43.3g intermediate 23a (yield 29%). The mass number of the intermediate 23a measured by FAB-MS is 1047.

[0577] (Synthesis of Intermediate 24a)

[0578]

[0579] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 23a (43.3g) is put into 500mL three-necked flask, dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene (80mL), cooled to 0 ℃ in an ice bath, and boron triiodide (64.8g) is added, and at 180 ℃, the mixture is heated and stirred for 24 hours, cooled to 0 ℃ in an ice bath, and triethylamine (150mL) is added. After the temperature is restored to room temperature, the reaction solution is filtered with silica gel, and the filtrate solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained is purified by repurification by silica gel column chromatography, preparative HPLC (eluent: CHCl ) and toluene to obtain 6.6g intermediate 24a (yield 15%). The mass number of the intermediate 24a measured by FAB-MS measurement is 1063.

[0580] (Synthesis of Compound 9)

[0581]

[0582] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 24a (6.6 g), carbazole (2.1 g), Pd (dba) 2 (1.6 g), tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate ((t-Bu) 3PHBF 4, 1.6 g) and NaO tBu (4.2 g) were put into a 500 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (30 mL), and heated and refluxed for 24 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH 2 Cl 2 , and the organic layer was collected and dried with MgSO 4 , and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained by silica gel column chromatography was purified to obtain 2.9 g of compound 9 (yield 39%). The mass number of the measured compound 9 measured by FAB-MS was 1194.

[0583] (4) Synthesis of Compound 24

[0584] Compound 24 according to the examples can be synthesized by the following reaction, for example.

[0585] (Synthesis of Intermediate 25a)

[0586]

[0587] Under an Ar atmosphere, Intermediate 10a (227 g), 1-chloro-3-iodobenzene (256 g), CuI (380 g), and K2CO3 (276 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 200 °C for 90 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto for extraction with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification was carried out by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 244 g of Intermediate 25a (yield 72%). The mass number of Intermediate 25a measured by FAB-MS was 567.

[0588] (Synthesis of Intermediate 26a)

[0589]

[0590] Under an Ar atmosphere, Intermediate 25a (244 g), C6H4-1,3-(OH)2 (19.7 g), CuI (30.1 g), dipivaloylmethane (DPM) (48.5 g), and Cs2CO3 (400 g) were placed in a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (270 mL), and heated and refluxed for 12 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto for extraction of the product with CH2Cl2, the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 96.7 g of Intermediate 26a (yield 25%). The mass number of Intermediate 26a measured by FAB-MS was 1080.

[0591] (Synthesis of Intermediate 27a)

[0592]

[0593] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 26a (96.7g) is put into 500mL three-necked flask, dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene (120mL), cooled to 0 ℃ in an ice bath, and boron triiodide (140.2g) is added, and the mixture is heated and stirred at 200 ℃ for 24 hours, cooled to 0 ℃ in an ice bath, and triethylamine (120mL) is added. After the temperature is restored to room temperature, the reaction solution is filtered with silica gel, and the filtrate solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained is purified by repurification by silica gel column chromatography, preparative HPLC (eluent: CHCl3) and toluene to obtain 13.7g intermediate 27a (yield 14%). The mass number of the intermediate 27a measured by FAB-MS is 1096.

[0594] (Synthesis of Compound 24)

[0595]

[0596] Under Ar atmosphere, intermediate 27a (13.7 g), carbazole (8.4 g), Pd (dba) 2 (5.0 g), tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate ((t-Bu) 3 PHBF 4, 5.0 g) and NaO t Bu (5.6 g) were placed in a 500 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (80 mL), and heated and refluxed for 24 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH 2 Cl 2 , and the organic layer was collected and dried with MgSO 4 , and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 4.6 g of intermediate 24 (yield 37%). The mass number of the intermediate 24 measured by FAB-MS was 1359.

[0597] (5) Synthesis of Compound 30

[0598] Compound 30 according to the example can be synthesized, for example, by the following reaction.

[0599] (Synthesis of Intermediate 29a)

[0600]

[0601] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 28a (26.8 g), C6H4-1,3-(OH)2 (7.4 g), CuI (20.8 g), dipivaloylmethane (DPM) (32.9 g), and Cs2CO3 (350 g) were placed in a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (180 mL), and heated under reflux for 12 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 18.1 g of intermediate 29a (yield 56%). The mass number of intermediate 29a measured by FAB-MS was 482.

[0602] (Synthesis of intermediate 31a)

[0603]

[0604] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 29a (18.1 g), intermediate 30a (20.4 g), Pd(dba)2 (3.1 g), SPhos (2.4 g), and NaOtBu (8.8 g) were placed in a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (400 mL), and heated under reflux for 2 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 23.3 g of intermediate 31a (yield 69%). The mass number of intermediate 31a measured by FAB-MS was 900.

[0605] (Synthesis of compound 30)

[0606]

[0607] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 31a (23.3 g) was placed in a 300 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene (25 mL), cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath, and boron triiodide (41.8 g) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 200 °C for 24 hours, cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath, and triethylamine (40 mL) was added. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, the reaction solution was filtered through silica gel, and the solvent of the filtrate was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography, preparative HPLC (eluent: CHCl3), and recrystallization from toluene to obtain 5.7 g of compound 30 (yield 24%). The mass number of compound 30 measured by FAB-MS was 916.

[0608] (6) Synthesis of compound 34

[0609] Compound 34 according to the embodiment can be synthesized by, for example, the following reaction.

[0610] (Synthesis of Intermediate 32a)

[0611]

[0612] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 29a (44.8 g), intermediate 9a (49 g), Pd(dba)2 (6.2 g), SPhos (4.8 g), and NaOtBu (19.9 g) were placed in a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (700 mL), and heated under reflux for 6 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 65.1 g of intermediate 32a (yield 78%). The mass number of intermediate 32a measured by FAB-MS was 900.

[0613] (Synthesis of Intermediate 34a)

[0614]

[0615] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 32a (65.1 g), intermediate 33a (121 g), CuI (82.4 g), and K2CO3 (59.9 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, and heated and stirred at 200 °C for 105 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification was carried out by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 33.9 g of intermediate 34a (yield 29%). The mass number of intermediate 34a measured by FAB-MS was 1205.

[0616] (Synthesis of Compound 34)

[0617]

[0618] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 34a (33.9 g) was placed in a 300 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene (30 mL), cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath, and boron triiodide (44.8 g) was added. The mixture was then heated and stirred at 200 °C for 24 hours, cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath, and triethylamine (60 mL) was added. After the temperature returned to room temperature, the reaction solution was filtered through silica gel, and the filtrate solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC (eluent: CHCl3) and toluene for repurification to obtain 5.5 g of compound 34 (yield 16%). The mass number of compound 34 measured by FAB-MS was 1221.

[0619] (7) Synthesis of Compound 45

[0620] Compound 45 according to the example can be synthesized, for example, by the following reaction.

[0621] (Synthesis of Intermediate 36a)

[0622]

[0623] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 35a (376 g), intermediate 9a (132 g), Pd(dba)2 (19 g), 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (Xantphos) (39 g), and NaOtBu (143 g) were placed in a 5,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in toluene (1200 mL), and heated and refluxed for 6 hours. After the temperature returned to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 183 g of intermediate 36a (yield 81%). The mass number of intermediate 36a measured by FAB-MS was 430.

[0624] (Synthesis of Intermediate 37a)

[0625]

[0626] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 36a (183 g), PhB(OH)2 (57.2 g), Pd(PPh3)4 (19.7 g), and K3PO4 (181 g) were placed in a 5,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in a mixed solvent of toluene (1200 mL), EtOH (300 mL), and H2O (300 mL), and heated under reflux for 6 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 182 g of intermediate 37a (yield 78%). The mass number of intermediate 37a measured by FAB-MS was 427.

[0627] (Synthesis of intermediate 38a)

[0628]

[0629] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 37a (100 g), 1-bromo-3-iodobenzene (265 g), CuI (178 g), and K2CO3 (258 g) were added to a 3,000 mL three-necked flask, and heated and stirred at 200 °C for 28 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification by silica gel column chromatography gave 94.0 g of intermediate 38a (yield 69%). The mass number of intermediate 38a measured by FAB-MS was 581.

[0630] (Synthesis of intermediate 39a)

[0631]

[0632] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 37a (79.1 g), intermediate 33a (310 g), CuI (71.3 g), and K2CO3 (102.9 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask, and heated and stirred at 200 °C for 90 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification by silica gel column chromatography gave 63.3 g of intermediate 39a (yield 59%). The mass number of intermediate 39a measured by FAB-MS was 579.

[0633] (Synthesis of intermediate 40a)

[0634]

[0635] Under an Ar atmosphere, CH2Cl2 (300 mL) and intermediate 39a (63.3 g) were added to a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, and the solution was cooled to 0 °C using an ice bath. BBr3 (100 g, in CH2Cl2 (300 mL)) was added dropwise to the cooled solution over 60 minutes. After the addition was complete, the temperature of the reaction solution was raised to room temperature, and it was stirred for 6 hours. The resulting reaction solution was poured into ice water, and the product was extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 47.0 g of intermediate 40a (yield 76%). The mass number of intermediate 40a measured by FAB-MS was 565.

[0636] (Synthesis of intermediate 41a)

[0637]

[0638] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 40a (47.0 g), intermediate 38a (48.4 g), CuI (1.8 g), dipivaloylmethane (DPM) (3.3 g), and Cs2CO3 (120 g) were placed in a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (38 mL), and heated under reflux for 12 hours. After the temperature returned to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 41.6 g of intermediate 41a (yield 47%). The mass number of intermediate 41a measured by FAB-MS was 1066.

[0639] (Synthesis of intermediate 42a)

[0640]

[0641] Under an Ar atmosphere, CH2Cl2 (200 mL) and intermediate 41a (41.6 g) were added to a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, and the solution was cooled to 0 °C using an ice bath. BBr3 (50 g, in CH2Cl2 (200 mL)) was added dropwise to the cooled solution over 30 minutes. After the addition was complete, the temperature of the reaction solution was raised to room temperature, and it was stirred for 6 hours. The resulting reaction solution was poured into ice water, and the product was extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 23.8 g of intermediate 42a (yield 58%). The mass number of intermediate 42a measured by FAB-MS was 1221.

[0642] (Synthesis of Intermediate 43a)

[0643]

[0644] Under an Ar atmosphere, Intermediate 42a (23.8 g), Intermediate 33a (19.5 g), CuI (0.3 g), dipivaloylmethane (DPM) (0.6 g), and Cs2CO3 (16.0 g) were placed in a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (20 mL), and heated under reflux for 12 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 13.9 g of Intermediate 43a (yield 51%). The mass number of Intermediate 43a measured by FAB-MS was 1205.

[0645] (Synthesis of Compound 45)

[0646]

[0647] Under an Ar atmosphere, Intermediate 43a (13.9 g) was placed in a 300 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene (20 mL), cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath, and boron triiodide (46.3 g) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 195 °C for 24 hours, cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath, and triethylamine (40 mL) was added. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, the reaction solution was filtered through silica gel, and the solvent of the filtrate was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography, preparative HPLC (eluent: CHCl3), and re-purification with toluene to obtain 3.1 g of Compound 45 (yield 22%). The mass number of Compound 45 measured by FAB-MS was 1221.

[0648] (8) Synthesis of Compound 54

[0649] (Synthesis of Intermediate 45a)

[0650]

[0651] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 44a (340 g), 1-chloro-3-fluorobenzene (450 g), CuI (360 g), and K2CO3 (260 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask and heated and stirred at 200 °C for 90 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto for extraction with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification was carried out by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 232 g of intermediate 45a (yield 60%). The mass number of intermediate 45a measured by FAB-MS was 784.

[0652] (Synthesis of intermediate 46a)

[0653]

[0654] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 45a (232 g), intermediate 14a (277 g), CuI (225 g), and K2CO3 (184 g) were added to a 2,000 mL three-necked flask and heated and stirred at 200 °C for 90 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto for extraction with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Purification was carried out by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 190 g of intermediate 46a (yield 72%). The mass number of intermediate 46a measured by FAB-MS was 890.

[0655] (Synthesis of intermediate 47a)

[0656]

[0657] Under an Ar atmosphere, CH2Cl2 (300 mL) and intermediate 46a (190 g) were added to a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, and the solution was cooled to 0 °C using an ice bath. BBr3 (150 g, in CH2Cl2 (300 mL)) was added dropwise to the cooled solution over 60 minutes. After the addition was complete, the temperature of the reaction solution was raised to room temperature and stirred for 6 hours. The resulting reaction solution was poured into ice water, and the product was extracted with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 112 g of intermediate 47a (yield 60%). The mass number of intermediate 47a measured by FAB-MS was 876.

[0658] (Synthesis of intermediate 48a)

[0659]

[0660] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 47a (112 g), intermediate 11a (80 g), CuI (7.2 g), dipivaloylmethane (DPM) (12.0 g), and Cs2CO3 (160 g) were placed in a 1,000 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMF (100 mL), and heated under reflux for 11 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with CH2Cl2, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 40.7 g of intermediate 48a (yield 24%). The mass number of intermediate 48a measured by FAB-MS was 1328.

[0661] (Synthesis of intermediate 49a)

[0662]

[0663] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 48a (40.7 g) was placed in a 500 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene (85 mL), cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath, and boron triiodide (52.3 g) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 180 °C for 16 hours, cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath, and triethylamine (120 mL) was added. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, the reaction solution was filtered through silica gel, and the solvent of the filtrate was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography, preparative HPLC (eluent: CHCl3), and toluene for repurification to obtain 9.5 g of intermediate 49a (yield 23%). The mass number of intermediate 49a measured by FAB-MS was 1343.

[0664] (Synthesis of intermediate 50a)

[0665]

[0666] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 49a (9.5 g), carbazole (2.7 g), and K3PO4 (3.0 g) were placed in a 500 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in NMP (25 mL), and heated and stirred at 160 °C for 24 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with toluene, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 4.3 g of intermediate 50a (yield 41%). The mass number of intermediate 50a measured by FAB-MS was 1490.

[0667] (Synthesis of compound 54)

[0668]

[0669] Under an Ar atmosphere, intermediate 50a (4.3 g), K4[Fe(CN6)] (3.8 g), Na2CO3 (4.9 g), and PdCl2(amphos)2 (0.20 g) were placed in a 500 mL three-necked flask, dissolved in DMA (30 mL), and heated and stirred at 140 °C for 24 hours. After the temperature was restored to room temperature, water was added thereto to extract the product with toluene, and the organic layer was collected and dried over MgSO4, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 3.0 g of compound 54 (yield 71%). The mass number of compound 54 measured by FAB-MS was 1471.

[0670] 2. Fabrication and evaluation of light-emitting elements

[0671] Light-emitting elements according to embodiments including the fused polycyclic compounds according to the embodiments in the light-emitting layer were fabricated in the following manner. Compounds 1, 5, 9, 24, 30, 34, 45, and 54, which were the above-described exemplary compounds, were respectively used as the light-emitting layer dopant materials to fabricate the light-emitting elements of Examples 1 to 8. Comparative Examples 1 to 9 corresponded to light-emitting elements fabricated by respectively using Comparative Example Compounds X-1 to X-9 as the light-emitting layer dopant materials.

[0672] [Exemplary compounds]

[0673]

[0674]

[0675] [Comparative example compounds]

[0676]

[0677]

[0678] (Fabrication of light-emitting elements)

[0679] A first electrode with a thickness of 150 nm is formed of ITO. A hole injection layer with a thickness of 10 nm is formed of 2,3,6,7,10,11 - hexanitrile - dipyrazino[2,3 - f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline (HAT - CN) on the first electrode. A hole transport layer with a thickness of 80 nm is formed of N,N'-bis(1 - naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-(1,1"-biphenyl)-4,4"-diamine (NPD) on the hole injection layer, and a luminescence assisting layer with a thickness of 5 nm is formed of 1,3 - bis(N - carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) on the hole transport layer. A luminescent layer with a thickness of 20 nm in which 3,3'-bis(9H - carbazol - 9 - yl)-1,1'-biphenyl (mCBP) is doped with 1% of the exemplary compound or comparative exemplary compound is formed on the luminescence assisting layer. An electron transport layer with a thickness of 30 nm is formed of 1,3,5 - tris(1 - phenyl - 1H - benzimidazol - 2 - yl)benzene (TPBi) on the luminescent layer. An electron injection layer with a thickness of 0.5 nm is formed of LiF on the electron transport layer, and a second electrode with a thickness of 100 nm is formed of Al on the electron injection layer. Each layer is formed by a deposition method under vacuum.

[0680] Compounds used in the manufacture of the light - emitting elements of the examples and comparative examples are disclosed below.

[0681] The following materials are used for the manufacture of the elements by purifying commercially available products by sublimation.

[0682]

[0683] (Evaluation of the properties of the light - emitting element)

[0684] Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the light - emitting elements of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9. Table 1 shows the comparison of the external quantum efficiency EQE 800nit and the lifetime LT50 of the manufactured light - emitting elements.

[0685] Among the evaluation results of the properties of the examples and comparative examples shown in Table 1, the external quantum efficiency EQE 800nit and the lifetime LT50 are measured by using the external quantum efficiency measuring device C9920 - 12 of Hamamatsu Photonics Company. The external quantum efficiency EQE 800nit represents the external quantum efficiency at a brightness of 800 cd / m 2 . The lifetime LT50 is represented by evaluating the half - brightness time at an initial brightness of 800 cd / m 2 . The external quantum efficiency is a relative measurement value calculated based on the value of Comparative Example 1.

[0686] [Table 1]

[0687]

[0688]

[0689] Referring to the results in Table 1, it can be confirmed that, compared with those of the comparative examples, the external quantum efficiency and lifetime properties of the light-emitting elements in the examples in which the fused polycyclic compound according to the embodiment is used as the light-emitting material are improved. The example compounds include a fused ring core in which nine rings are fused together by two boron atoms and four heteroatoms, and the fused ring core has a first substituent and a second substituent connected to the positions described herein in the fused ring core, and thus, the example compounds can exhibit high efficiency and long lifetime. The example compounds can exhibit excellent molecular stability due to their structure and the bonding positions of the first substituent and the second substituent, and thus, can contribute to the high efficiency and long lifetime of the light-emitting element. The example compounds include the first substituent and the second substituent, so that the boron atoms can be effectively protected, and the intermolecular interaction is inhibited, thereby controlling or restricting the formation of excimers or exciplexes, such that the light-emitting efficiency and lifetime can be increased. Due to the first substituent and the second substituent, the example compounds can inhibit Dexter energy transfer by increasing the intermolecular distance, and thus, can inhibit the lifetime degradation caused by the increase in the concentration of triplet excitons.

[0690] The light-emitting element according to the embodiment includes the fused polycyclic compound according to the embodiment as a light-emitting dopant of a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) light-emitting element, and thus, high element efficiency and improved lifetime properties can be achieved in the blue light wavelength range.

[0691] By comparing Examples 1 to 8 with Comparative Examples 1 to 9, long lifetime and high efficiency of the light-emitting element are achieved in the examples. The improved light-emitting efficiency and lifetime properties are considered to be attributed to the inhibition of intermolecular interaction in the element due to the influence of the first substituent and the second substituent of the example compounds used in Examples 1 to 8, thereby restricting the loss of light-emitting activity through phenomena such as quenching. Due to the first substituent and the second substituent of the example compounds, the boron atoms in the molecular structure thereof can be effectively protected, and thus, the degradation caused by the reaction with trace amounts of water molecules and oxygen molecules present in the element can be prevented. In the example compounds, the positions where the first substituent and the second substituent are connected correspond to the positions with high chemical reactivity, and in the comparative example compounds, such corresponding positions are not substituted by the first substituent and the second substituent, thereby becoming the reaction points for interaction with other molecules, thereby accelerating the degradation of the light-emitting element.

[0692] Example 1 and Example 7 were compared with Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4. The external quantum efficiency and lifetime of Example 1 and Example 7 were improved compared to those of Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4. It was determined that such high efficiency and long lifetime properties were attributed to the first substituent and the second substituent being bonded to the positions shown in the following chemical structure of the fused ring core. Compound 30 and Compound 45 included in Example 1 and Example 7 each had a structure in which an aryl group as the first substituent was connected to the fused ring core at positions c1 and c2, and each had a structure in which an aryl group as the second substituent was connected to the fused ring core at positions a1 and a3, where positions a1 to a4 corresponded to the first carbon atom to the fourth carbon atom as described herein. In contrast, Comparative Compound X-3 and Comparative Compound X-4 included in Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4, respectively, had structures in which an aryl group was connected to the positions corresponding to c1 and c2 and an alkyl group was connected to the positions corresponding to a1 and a3, but the luminous efficiency and device lifetime were not improved as significantly as in Example 1 and Example 7. This was determined to be due to the fact that an alkyl group, rather than a second substituent such as an amino group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group, was bonded to at least one of the positions a1 to a4, which reduced the stability compared to the example compounds including the second substituent. As a result, it was found that the comparative example compounds deteriorated when applied to devices, and thus had deteriorated efficiency and lifetime properties compared to the compounds of the examples.

[0693]

[0694]

[0695] Referring to Comparative Examples 5 and 6, compared with the Examples, both their external quantum efficiency and lifetime are deteriorated. The comparative example compound X-5 included in Comparative Example 5 has a structure in which substituents are bonded at positions corresponding to c1 and c2, and also has a structure in which hydrogen atoms are connected to the first to fourth carbon atoms, and thus does not include the second substituent as defined herein, resulting in deteriorated stability. Therefore, when applied to a light-emitting element, it can be confirmed that both its efficiency and lifetime are deteriorated. Compared with the comparative example compound X-5, although having a structure in which an aryl group is bonded at positions corresponding to a1 and a3 and thus having a second substituent bonded to at least one of the first to fourth carbon atoms, the efficiency and lifetime properties of the comparative example compound X-6 included in Comparative Example 6 are not significantly improved. This is determined to be the result of deteriorated stability due to the fact that the first substituent of an amino group or a carbazolyl group rather than an alkyl group or an aryl group is bonded at positions corresponding to c1 and c2. Therefore, if a carbazolyl group or an amine group is a substituent bonded at positions corresponding to c1 and c2 as in the comparative example compounds X-5 and X-6, the carbazolyl group or the amine group may be decomposed first in the material, and as a result, the light-emitting efficiency and lifetime properties will be deteriorated.

[0696] Referring to Comparative Example 8, compared with the Examples, both the external quantum efficiency and lifetime of Comparative Example 8 are deteriorated. The comparative example compound X-8 included in Comparative Example 8 has a structure in which the second substituent is present but not bonded at a position corresponding to any of the positions a1 to a4 corresponding to the first to fourth carbon atoms as described herein, resulting in deteriorated stability. Therefore, when applied to a light-emitting element, it can be confirmed that both its efficiency and lifetime are deteriorated. In contrast, due to the bonding positions of the first and second substituents, the example compound can exhibit excellent stability, and thus, can contribute to the high efficiency and long lifetime of the light-emitting element.

[0697] Referring to Comparative Example 9, compared with the Examples, both the external quantum efficiency and lifetime of Comparative Example 9 are deteriorated. Compared with the example compound, the comparative example compound X-9 included in Comparative Example 9 corresponds to a compound in which all four heteroatoms included in the fused-ring core are nitrogen atoms. Compared with the example compound, a compound in which all four heteroatoms as ring-forming atoms of the fused-ring core are nitrogen atoms in a boron-containing fused-ring core, such as in the comparative example compound X-9, is prone to oxidation, and thus, the material stability is deteriorated. In contrast, because the fourth heteroatom among the four heteroatoms does not contain a nitrogen atom, the example compound can exhibit excellent molecular stability, and thus, can contribute to the high efficiency and long lifetime of the light-emitting element.

[0698] The light-emitting element according to the embodiment can exhibit improved element properties with high efficiency and long lifetime.

[0699] The fused polycyclic compound according to an embodiment can contribute to high efficiency and long life of a light-emitting element by being included in a light-emitting layer of the light-emitting element.

[0700] The display device according to an embodiment can exhibit excellent display quality.

[0701] Embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although terms are employed, they are used and interpreted only in a general and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation. In some instances, as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise specifically stated, features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with an embodiment may be used alone or in combination with features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with other embodiments. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. A fused polycyclic compound, wherein, The fused polycyclic compound is represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 Wherein, in Formula 1, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 each independently is O, S, Se, C(R 15 )(R 16 ), P(R 17 ), Si(R 18 )(R 19 ), C=O, C=S or N(R 20 ), Y 1 and Y 2 each independently is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms Z is O, S, Se, C(R 21 )(R 22 ), P(R 23 ), Si(R 24 )(R 25 ), C=O or C=S, and and R 1 to R 25 each independently is a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or forms a ring by bonding with an adjacent group merely: If Y 1 and Y 2 are each alkyl, then R 1 through R 20 do not bond to adjacent groups to form a ring; and R 1 、R 2 、R 8 and R 9 at least one of which is independently a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

2. The fused polycyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein, The fused polycyclic compound is represented by one of Formula 2-1 to Formula 2-4: Formula 2-1 Formula 2-2 Formula 2-3 Formula 2-4 Wherein, in Formula 2-1 to Formula 2-4, Z, X 1 to X 3 and R 1 to R 14 the same as defined in Formula 1 Y 1a and Y 2a each independently is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and Y 1b and Y 2b each independently is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and Wherein, in Formula 2-1, X 1 ', X 2 ' and X 3 ' are each independently O, S, Se, C(R 15 ')(R 16 '), P(R 17 '), Si(R 18 ')(R 19 '), C=O, C=S or N(R 20 '), and R 1 ' to R 20 ' are each independently a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms.

3. The fused polycyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein, The fused polycyclic compound is represented by one of Formula 3-1 to Formula 3-6: Formula 3-1 Formula 3-2 Formula 3-3 Formula 3-4 Formula 3-5 Formula 3-6 Wherein, in Formula 3-1 to Formula 3-6, R 1a 、R 2a 、R 8a and R 9a each independently is a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and Z, X 1 to X 3 , Y 1 , Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

4. The fused polycyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein, The fused polycyclic compound is represented by Formula 4: Formula 4 Wherein, in Formula 4, X 1 to X 3 , Y 1 , Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as defined in Formula 1.

5. The fused polycyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein, The fused polycyclic compound is represented by one of Formula 5-1 to Formula 5-3: Formula 5-1 Formula 5-2 Formula 5-3 Wherein, in Formula 5-1 to Formula 5-3, R 31 to R 37 each independently is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and Y 1 、Y 2 and R 1 to R 14 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

6. The fused polycyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein The fused polycyclic compound is represented by Formula 6: Formula 6 Wherein, in Formula 6, A 1 to A 8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom, and Z, X 1 to X 3 , Y 1 , Y 2 , R 1 , R 2 , R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are the same as those defined in Formula 1.

7. The fused polycyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein, Y 1 and Y 2 each independently is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 15 ring-forming carbon atoms.

8. The fused polycyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein, R 1 、R 2 、R 8 and R 9 at least one of which is independently a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, and R 1 、R 2 、R 8 and R 9 The remaining groups in each are independently a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom.

9. The fused polycyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein, The fused polycyclic compound is selected from Compound Group 1: Compound Group 1 10. A light-emitting element, wherein, The light-emitting element includes: A first electrode; A second electrode disposed on the first electrode; and A light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein, The light-emitting layer includes the fused polycyclic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9 as a first compound.

11. The light-emitting element according to claim 10, wherein, The light-emitting layer further includes: At least one of a second compound represented by Formula HT-1, a third compound represented by Formula ET-1, and a fourth compound represented by Formula D-1: Formula HT-1 Wherein, in Formula HT-1, M1 to M8 are each independently N or C(R 51 ), L1 is a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, Y a for direct connection, C(R 52 )(R 53 ) or Si(R 54 )(R 55 ), Ar a is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and R 51 to R 55 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring-forming carbon atoms, or forms a ring by bonding with an adjacent group; Formula ET-1 Wherein, in Formula ET-1, Z a to Z c at least one of each is N, Z a to Z c wherein the remaining groups are each independently C(R 56 ), R 56 is a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring carbon atoms, b1 to b3 are each independently an integer from 0 to 10, Ar b to Ar d each independently is a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, and L2 to L4 are each independently a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms; Formula D-1 Wherein, in Formula D-1, Q1 to Q4 are each independently C or N, C1 to C4 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring having 5 to 30 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, X 11 to X 14 each independently is a direct connection or *-O-*, L 11 to L 13 each independently is a direct bond, *-O-*, *-S-*, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 2 to 30 ring carbon atoms, b11 to b13 are each independently 0 or 1, R 61 to R 66 each independently is a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 ring carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 60 ring carbon atoms, and d1 to d4 are each independently an integer from 0 to 4.

12. A display device, wherein, The display device includes: A substrate layer; A circuit layer disposed on the substrate layer; and A display element layer disposed on the circuit layer, the display element layer including a light-emitting element, wherein, The light-emitting element includes: A first electrode; A second electrode disposed on the first electrode; and A light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the light-emitting layer includes the fused polycyclic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

13. The display device according to claim 12, wherein, The light-emitting element further includes a cover layer disposed on the second electrode, and The cover layer has a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.6 with respect to light in the wavelength range of 550 nm to 660 nm.

14. The display device according to claim 12, wherein, The display device further includes: a light control layer disposed on the display element layer, wherein the light-emitting element emits first color light, and the light control layer includes: a first light control unit including first quantum dots that convert the first color light into second color light having a wavelength range longer than that of the first color light; a second light control unit including second quantum dots that convert the first color light into third color light having a wavelength range longer than those of the first color light and the second color light; and a third light control unit that transmits the first color light.

15. The display device according to claim 14, wherein, The display device further includes: a color filter layer disposed on the light control layer, wherein the color filter layer includes: a first color filter that transmits the second color light; a second color filter that transmits the third color light; and a third color filter that transmits the first color light.

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