Comprehensive reinforcement design method of subway station accessory structure waterproof and drainage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive reinforcement design method for a waterproof and drainage system of an accessory structure of a subway station. The method comprises the steps that a chamfer is arranged above a top plate at the joint of a station body and the accessory structure; a slope-finding intercepting ditch is arranged between the deformation joint and the side wall of the station structure, a civil engineering water retaining ridge is additionally arranged on the ditch side, and a groove is formed in the top of the ditch and covered with a steel cover plate; the thickness of the water retaining ridge away from the wall is increased; two water receiving boxes are arranged at the construction joint and the deformation joint; and the top plate of the open-cut accessory structure is backfilled with waterproof cohesive soil during soil covering and backfilling. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the leakage rate of a connector part is reduced by more than 90%; the efficiency of the drainage system is improved, and the accumulated water emptying time is shortened by 50%; the structural durability is enhanced, and the maintenance period is prolonged to more than 10 years.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of structure and waterproof and drainage, and specifically to a comprehensive strengthening design method for the waterproof and drainage system of the auxiliary structure of a subway station. Background Art

[0002] The waterproof and drainage design of the auxiliary structure of a subway station is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of the subway and the durability of the structure. However, there are many deficiencies in the current traditional waterproof and drainage design, which seriously affect the normal use and maintenance cost of the subway station.

[0003] In terms of the waterproof treatment of special construction joints, traditional methods mostly use double - layer water - swelling water - stop rubber and pre - embedded grouting pipes. However, during the installation process of the rubber water - stop belt, phenomena such as deviation and distortion are likely to occur, resulting in poor waterproof effect. Moreover, the rubber water - stop belt will fail due to factors such as aging and corrosion during long - term use, thus causing leakage problems. In addition, the quality of concrete pouring at the construction joint is difficult to guarantee, and defects such as honeycombing and pockmarks are likely to appear, further increasing the risk of leakage.

[0004] In terms of the waterproof design of deformation joints, traditional designs usually adopt a combination of embedded water - stop belts and externally - pasted water - stop belts. However, the embedded water - stop belt is easily torn when the structure deforms, while the externally - pasted water - stop belt is easily damaged by the external environment, such as mechanical damage during construction and long - term immersion in groundwater, resulting in the failure of its waterproof function. At the same time, the sealing material at the deformation joint is also prone to cracking and falling off under the action of temperature changes and structural vibrations, allowing groundwater to seep into the station along the deformation joint.

[0005] In the design of the drainage system, traditional schemes are relatively single, mainly relying on gravity drainage and lacking effective water - intercepting and guiding measures. When encountering heavy rain or a large amount of groundwater gathering, the drainage system is prone to poor drainage, resulting in water accumulation around the auxiliary structure of the station, increasing the possibility of leakage. Moreover, the layout and selection of drainage pipes are often not reasonable enough, and problems such as blockage and leakage are likely to occur, affecting the normal operation of the drainage system.

[0006] In terms of the separated wall and water - retaining sill structure, the thickness of the traditional separated wall is relatively thin, generally only about 200mm, and the height and thickness of the water - retaining sill are also relatively small, making it difficult to meet the actual water - retaining requirements. During long - term use, the separated wall and water - retaining sill are easily damaged by groundwater pressure and structural deformation, such as wall cracking and water - retaining sill collapse, thus losing their water - retaining function. In addition, the structural forms of the separated wall and water - retaining sill are relatively simple and do not fully consider the coordination with surrounding building facilities, and are prone to conflicts with other facilities during actual construction and use.

[0007] In terms of the supervision of the concealed works of construction joints, the traditional supervision methods mainly rely on manual inspection and experience judgment, lacking scientific and effective monitoring means and evaluation criteria. This results in the difficulty of comprehensively and accurately evaluating the construction quality of construction joints during the construction process, and some potential quality problems cannot be discovered and addressed in a timely manner. At the same time, the acceptance work of concealed works often becomes a mere formality and is not carried out strictly in accordance with the specifications and standards, allowing some construction joints that do not meet the quality requirements to be covered up, posing potential hazards for subsequent use and maintenance.

[0008] In summary, the existing waterproof and drainage designs for the auxiliary structures of subway stations have defects and deficiencies in multiple aspects. There is an urgent need for a more advanced, reliable, and efficient comprehensive strengthening design method to solve these problems, improve the waterproof performance and durability of subway stations, and reduce maintenance costs and potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above technical problems and provide a comprehensive design method for the waterproof and drainage system of the auxiliary structures of subway stations, solve the leakage problem at the interface, extend the service life of the structure, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a comprehensive strengthening design method for the waterproof and drainage system of the auxiliary structures of subway stations, including:

[0011] Set a chamfer above the top plate at the connection between the main body of the station and the auxiliary structure;

[0012] Set a slope intercepting gutter between the deformation joint and the side wall of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water retaining sill is added on the side of the gutter, a groove is provided on its upper part, and a steel cover plate is covered;

[0013] Strengthen the thickness of the water retaining sill at the separated wall;

[0014] Set two water receiving boxes at the construction joint and the deformation joint;

[0015] When backfilling the soil, backfill the impermeable cohesive soil above the top plate of the open-cut auxiliary structure.

[0016] Preferably, setting a chamfer above the top plate at the connection between the main body of the station and the auxiliary structure includes:

[0017] Set a steel mesh on the chamfer slope.

[0018] Preferably, setting a chamfer above the top plate at the connection between the main body of the station and the auxiliary structure includes:

[0019] The chamfer slope is set 200 mm outside the deformation joint from the side wall of the station structure.

[0020] Preferably, setting a chamfer above the top plate at the connection between the main body of the station and the auxiliary structure includes:

[0021] The chamfer slope size is 200mm × 400mm.

[0022] Preferably, a slope - finding catch - water ditch is arranged between the deformation joint and the side wall of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water - retaining sill is added on the side of the ditch, a groove is arranged on its upper part, and a steel cover plate is covered, including:

[0023] The size of the water - retaining sill is 100mm × 80mm.

[0024] Preferably, a slope - finding catch - water ditch is arranged between the deformation joint and the side wall of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water - retaining sill is added on the side of the ditch, a groove is arranged on its upper part, and a steel cover plate is covered, including: multiple groups of floor drains and downspouts are added at the interface part.

[0025] Preferably, the thickness of the water - retaining sill at the separated wall is strengthened, including:

[0026] The thickness of the separated wall is 250mm, and the water - retaining sill is designed to be 100mm thick and 290mm high.

[0027] Preferably, two water - receiving boxes are arranged at the construction joint and the deformation joint, including:

[0028] The water - receiving box is communicated with the drainage ditch system.

[0029] Preferably, when backfilling the soil cover, the top plate and side walls of the open - cut auxiliary structure are backfilled with impermeable cohesive soil, including:

[0030] The side wall is backfilled with 500mm of impermeable cohesive soil.

[0031] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0032] Through multi - dimensional technical improvements such as the design of the plain concrete chamfer and the waterproof protective layer slope, the optimization of the drainage systems at the deformation joint and the construction joint, and the double water - receiving box design, the present invention effectively solves the leakage problem at the interface part. The plain concrete chamfer avoids the groundwater from gathering on the top plate, the anti - cracking steel mesh enhances the anti - cracking performance of the chamfer, and the slope design ensures that the accumulated water can be quickly drained; the slope - finding catch - water ditch, civil engineering water - retaining sill, grooved steel cover plate, and multiple groups of floor drains and downspouts at the deformation joint and the construction joint form a perfect drainage system to prevent the accumulation of water; the double water - receiving box provides double drainage protection. These measures work together to reduce the leakage rate at the interface part by more than 90%, greatly improving the waterproof performance of the auxiliary structure of the subway station and ensuring the safety of subway operation and the comfort of passengers.

[0033] The optimized drainage system can quickly and effectively drain accumulated water. The reasonable design of the slope intercepting gutter guides the accumulated water towards the drainage facilities; the setting of multiple groups of floor drains and downpipes ensures the smoothness of drainage; the connection of the water receiving box with the drainage ditch and pipe system enables the timely collection and directional discharge of seepage water. These improvements have shortened the accumulated water drainage time by 50%, reduced the osmotic pressure and damage risk of the accumulated water to the structure, improved the disaster resistance ability of the subway station and the ability to respond to sudden water conditions, and ensured that the station can still operate normally under extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain.

[0034] By strengthening the waterproof and drainage design, the erosion and damage of groundwater to the structure have been reduced. The strengthening of the water retaining sill structure at the separated wall has improved its compressive and water retaining abilities, enabling it to better withstand the pressure of groundwater and avoid structural damage; the improvement of the backfilling process of the overburden has blocked the infiltration path of external water sources and further reduced the erosion risk of groundwater to the structure. These measures work together to significantly enhance the durability of the auxiliary structure of the subway station, extend the maintenance cycle to more than 10 years, reduce the maintenance cost and frequency, and improve the economic benefits of subway operation.

[0035] The effective waterproof and drainage system has reduced the occurrence of leakage problems, thereby reducing the maintenance workload and cost caused by leakage. At the same time, the design of double water receiving boxes and others has improved the reliability of the drainage system. Even if a part of it fails, the other part can still work normally, reducing the urgency and difficulty of maintenance. In addition, the improvement of structural durability also means that large-scale repairs and replacements are not required within a longer period, further reducing the maintenance cost and improving the economy and sustainability of subway operation.

[0036] The design of the present invention takes into account the convenience and operability of construction. For example, the design of the plain concrete chamfer and the slope of the waterproof protective layer has a relatively simple construction process, is easy to operate and control in terms of quality; the strengthened design of the separated wall and the water retaining sill structure is convenient for construction workers to construct while meeting the functional requirements; the improvement of the backfilling process of the overburden uses common impermeable cohesive soil materials, with low construction difficulty and can ensure the backfilling quality. These design features help to improve the construction efficiency, ensure the construction quality, reduce quality problems and rework phenomena during the construction process, speed up the project progress, and reduce the construction cost.

[0037] Through comprehensive strengthening design, the waterproof performance and drainage efficiency of the auxiliary structure of the subway station have been significantly improved, reducing potential safety hazards caused by leakage and accumulated water. For example, it prevents problems such as slippery station floors and electrical equipment short circuits caused by groundwater leakage, ensuring the safety of passengers and staff; it improves the stability and durability of the structure and reduces the risk of serious accidents such as structural collapse. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the chamfer of the top plate of the open-cut auxiliary structure and the slope structure of the waterproof protective layer of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is the detailed design drawing of the intercepting drain and water retaining sill of the external deformation joint of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is the detailed design drawing of the intercepting drain and water retaining sill of the external deformation joint of the present invention from another perspective.

[0041] Figure 4 It is the installation position and connection schematic diagram of the double water receiving box of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the installation position and connection of the double water receiving box of the present invention from another perspective.

[0043] Figure 6 It is the sectional view of the separated wall and the water retaining sill of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more. In addition, the term "comprising" and any deformation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0045] Please refer to the attached Figure 1-6 , a comprehensive strengthening design method for the waterproof and drainage system of the auxiliary structure of a subway station, including:

[0046] A chamfer is provided at the side wall 1 of the station structure and the top plate 2 of the passage structure. The chamfer design can guide the water flow towards the direction of the drainage facility, avoid the accumulation of water flow at the corners of the side wall and the top plate, and reduce the leakage risk;

[0047] The chamfer can make the stress distribution of the structure more uniform, reduce stress concentration, improve the crack resistance of the structure, and thus enhance the overall stability of the structure;

[0048] The chamfer design facilitates the pouring and vibration of concrete, reduces air bubbles and voids during construction, improves the density and strength of concrete, and ensures construction quality;

[0049] A slope drainage ditch is provided between the deformation joint 5 and the side wall 1 of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water retaining sill 7 and a grooved steel plate cover are added on the side of the ditch. The slope drainage ditch can quickly guide the accumulated water at the deformation joint to the drainage system, avoid the accumulation of water around the deformation joint, and reduce the possibility of leakage;

[0050] The civil engineering water retaining sill and the grooved steel plate cover can block the water flow, make the accumulated water concentrate in the ditch, facilitate unified discharge, and improve the drainage efficiency;

[0051] The grooved steel plate cover can protect the civil engineering structure in the drainage ditch, prevent it from being damaged by the external environment, and extend the service life of the structure;

[0052] The thickness of the water retaining sill 7 is strengthened. Increasing the thickness of the water retaining sill can better withstand the pressure of groundwater, enhance its water retaining effect, and prevent water flow from penetrating;

[0053] Two water receiving boxes 12 are provided at the construction joint and the deformation joint 5. The two water receiving boxes form a dual drainage system. Even if one of the water receiving boxes fails, the other can still work normally, ensuring that the seepage water can be effectively collected and discharged directionally, and improving the reliability of the drainage system;

[0054] The water receiving boxes are set respectively in the civil engineering and decoration stages, which can meet the drainage requirements of different construction stages and ensure a dry environment during construction; the design of the water receiving box is convenient for later maintenance and replacement, reduces the maintenance cost and difficulty, and extends the service life of the entire waterproof and drainage system;

[0055] When backfilling the soil cover, the top plate and side wall of the open-cut auxiliary structure are backfilled with impermeable cohesive soil; the backfilling of impermeable cohesive soil can effectively block the infiltration path of external water sources, reduce the erosion of groundwater on the structure, and reduce the leakage risk; impermeable cohesive soil has good compactness and stability, can improve the backfilling quality, prevent the settlement and deformation of the backfilled soil body, and protect the safety of the structure; impermeable cohesive soil is a common material, with wide sources, low cost, and harmless to the environment, having good economic and environmental benefits.

[0056] In some preferred embodiments, chamfers are provided at the side wall 1 of the station structure and the top plate 2 of the channel structure, including:

[0057] A steel mesh is arranged on the chamfer slope. The steel mesh is closely combined with the concrete to form a whole, enhancing the overall stability and bearing capacity of the structure.

[0058] In some preferred embodiments, a grouting conduit 3 and a channel structure roof slab 2 are provided on one side of the side wall 1 of the station structure. The grouting conduit 3 is centrally arranged, and the central arrangement of the grouting conduit facilitates the uniform distribution of the grouting material, improves the grouting effect, and ensures the compactness and waterproof performance of the structure.

[0059] In some preferred embodiments, a fine aggregate concrete protective layer 4 is filled on one side of the side wall 1 of the station structure. The fine aggregate concrete protective layer can protect the side wall of the station structure, prevent it from being eroded and damaged by the external environment, and extend the service life of the structure.

[0060] In some preferred embodiments, a deformation joint 5 is provided on the channel structure roof slab 2. The setting of the deformation joint can adapt to the deformation of the channel structure roof slab under the action of factors such as temperature change and foundation settlement, and prevent the structure from cracking and leaking due to excessive deformation.

[0061] In some preferred embodiments, a paint waterproof layer 6 is provided between the side wall 1 of the station structure and the fine aggregate concrete protective layer 4. The paint waterproof layer has good waterproof performance, can effectively prevent water penetration, and together with the fine aggregate concrete protective layer constitutes multiple waterproof barriers, improving the waterproof reliability of the structure.

[0062] In some preferred embodiments, the fine aggregate concrete protective layer 4 includes a self-finding slope and an 80-mm-thick fine aggregate concrete protective layer. The self-finding slope function can form a certain slope on the surface of the fine aggregate concrete protective layer, which is beneficial to the discharge of water flow, reduces the seepage pressure of accumulated water on the structure, and improves the drainage efficiency.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments, chamfers are provided at the side wall 1 of the station structure and the channel structure roof slab 2, including:

[0064] The chamfer slope is provided at 200 mm outside the side wall 1 of the station structure to the deformation joint 5. The chamfer slope is provided at 200 mm outside the side wall of the station structure to the deformation joint, which can reasonably guide the water flow direction, enable the water flow to flow smoothly to the drainage facilities, avoid the formation of accumulated water on the structure surface, and reduce the leakage risk.

[0065] In some preferred embodiments, chamfers are provided at the side wall 1 of the station structure and the channel structure roof slab 2, including:

[0066] The size of the chamfer slope is 200 mm × 400 mm. The chamfer size of 200 mm × 400 mm can effectively change the water flow path, make the water flow more smoothly to the drainage system, and reduce the retention and penetration of water flow at the corners.

[0067] In some preferred embodiments, a sloping catch ditch is provided between the deformation joint 5 and the side wall 1 of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water retaining sill 7 and a grooved steel plate cover are added in the ditch, including:

[0068] The water retaining sill 7 has dimensions of 100 mm × 80 mm. The water retaining sill with dimensions of 100 mm × 80 mm can precisely control the water flow direction and flow rate, enabling the accumulated water to be effectively collected and discharged within the catch drain, improving the accuracy and efficiency of drainage.

[0069] In some preferred embodiments, a sloping catch drain is provided between the deformation joint 5 and the side wall 1 of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water retaining sill 7 and a grooved steel plate cover are added inside the drain, including: multiple groups of floor drains 10 and downspouts are added at the interface. The setting of multiple groups of floor drains and downspouts can quickly drain the accumulated water in the catch drain, prevent the accumulation of water, improve the drainage speed and efficiency, and reduce the risk of leakage.

[0070] In some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the water retaining sill 7 is strengthened and a groove is reserved, including:

[0071] The water retaining sill 7 is designed to be 100 mm thick and 290 mm high. The separated wall with a thickness of 250 mm and the water retaining sill with a thickness of 100 mm and a height of 290 mm have stronger compressive capacity, can effectively bear the pressure of groundwater, and prevent structural deformation and damage.

[0072] In some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the water retaining sill 7 is strengthened and a groove is reserved.

[0073] In some preferred embodiments, two water receiving boxes 12 are provided at the construction joint and the deformation joint 5, including:

[0074] The water receiving box 12 is connected to the drainage ditch and pipe system. The connection of the water receiving box to the drainage ditch and pipe system can timely collect and discharge the seepage water at the construction joint and the deformation joint to a designated position, prevent the seepage water from accumulating within the structure, and reduce the damage to the structure.

[0075] In some preferred embodiments, a side drainage ditch 14 is provided between the side wall 1 of the station structure and the concrete water retaining sill 13.

[0076] In some preferred embodiments, when backfilling the soil cover, the top slab and side wall of the open-cut auxiliary structure are backfilled with impermeable cohesive soil, including:

[0077] The side wall is backfilled with 500 mm of impermeable cohesive soil. The backfilling of 500 mm thick impermeable cohesive soil can effectively block the infiltration path of external water sources into the structure, reduce the erosion of groundwater on the structure, and reduce the risk of leakage.

[0078] In some preferred embodiments, it further includes a side drainage ditch 14 of the channel provided on the floor slab 13. The setting of the side drainage ditch of the channel further improves the entire drainage system, can timely drain the accumulated water in the channel, prevent the accumulation of water in the channel, and improve the comprehensiveness and efficiency of drainage.

[0079] All the standard parts used in the present invention can be purchased from the market. The special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part all adopt the conventional means such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts, and equipment all adopt the conventional models in the prior art. In addition, the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0080] The present invention and its implementation manners have been described above. Such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. All in all, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design, without creative efforts, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without departing from the gist of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated strengthening design method for the waterproof and drainage system of the auxiliary structure of a subway station, characterized in that, Including: A chamfer is provided above the top slab at the connection between the station main body and the ancillary structure; A sloping catch drain is provided between the deformation joint and the side wall of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water retaining sill is added on the side of the drain, and a groove is provided at the top thereof and covered with a steel cover plate; Strengthen the thickness of the water retaining sill at the separated wall; Two water receiving boxes are provided at the construction joint and the deformation joint; When backfilling the soil cover, backfill the top slab of the open-cut ancillary structure with impermeable cohesive soil.

2. The comprehensive strengthening design method of the waterproof and drainage system for the auxiliary structure of a subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that A chamfer is provided above the top slab at the connection between the station main body and the ancillary structure, including: A steel mesh is arranged on the chamfer slope.

3. The comprehensive strengthening design method of the waterproof and drainage system for the auxiliary structure of a subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, A chamfer is provided above the top slab at the connection between the station main body and the ancillary structure, including: The chamfer slope is located 200 mm outside the side wall of the station structure to the deformation joint.

4. The comprehensive strengthening design method of the waterproof and drainage system for the auxiliary structure of a subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, A chamfer is provided above the top slab at the connection between the station main body and the ancillary structure, including: The size of the chamfer slope is 200 mm × 400 mm.

5. The comprehensive strengthening design method of the waterproof and drainage system for the ancillary structure of a subway station, characterized in that, A sloping catch drain is provided between the deformation joint and the side wall of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water retaining sill is added on the side of the drain, and a groove is provided at the top thereof and covered with a steel cover plate, including: Multiple groups of floor drains and downspouts are added at the interface part. The size of the water retaining sill is 100 mm × 80 mm.

6. The comprehensive strengthening design method of the waterproof and drainage system for the auxiliary structure of a subway station, characterized in that, A sloping catch drain is provided between the deformation joint and the side wall of the station structure. Among them, a civil engineering water retaining sill is added on the side of the drain, and a groove is provided at the top thereof and covered with a steel cover plate, including: Multiple groups of floor drains and downspouts are added at the interface part.

7. The comprehensive strengthening design method of the waterproof and drainage system for the ancillary structure of a subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, Strengthen the thickness of the water retaining sill at the separated wall, including: The thickness of the separated wall is 250 mm, and the water retaining sill is designed to be 100 mm thick and 290 mm high.

8. The comprehensive strengthening design method of the waterproof and drainage system for the ancillary structure of a subway station, characterized in that, Two water receiving boxes are provided at the construction joint and the deformation joint, including: The water receiving box is connected to the catch drain system.

9. The comprehensive strengthening design method of the waterproof and drainage system for the ancillary structure of a subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that When backfilling the soil cover, backfill the top slab and side wall of the open-cut ancillary structure with impermeable cohesive soil, including: Backfill 500 mm of impermeable cohesive soil for the side wall.

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