Dynamic sand removing and water taking head for shallow water

Abstract

The invention provides a shallow water dynamic sand removing and water taking head which is characterized in that a water inlet grid plate group is connected with a fin inclined plate chamber, an upper shell of the fin inclined plate chamber covers a floater shell, the fin inclined plate chamber takes the water inlet grid plate group as the front end, and the rear end is connected with a water collecting chamber; the water inlet grid tray group consists of a barrier reducing plate and a plurality of water inlet grid trays; each water inlet grid tray is formed by embedding a grid at the rear part of a guide plate; the fin inclined plate chamber consists of a flow blocking mud bucket group, a fin inclined plate group and a fin inclined plate chamber shell; according to the water taking head, floating objects with large and small sizes can be prevented from entering the water taking head, the silt content is reduced, and meanwhile the water taking head has high anti-blocking capacity; the device can fully adapt to the application environment with shallow water flow; and when the water flow depth and the sand content are changed in a rainfall flood season, automatic adjustment can be performed to adapt to the change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water intake heads, and particularly to a shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head. Background Art

[0002] Shallow water rivers such as streams are the main water supply sources for mountain villages and towns. During the rainy season and dry season, the turbidity, microbial content, and water quality in the water are different. The cost of constructing water treatment plant structures based on the water quality standards in the rainy season is high, and these structures have low utilization rates during the dry season when the water quality is better.

[0003] The water intake head is a key part of the water supply system. Existing water intake heads such as trumpet pipes, mushroom shapes, fish-shaped covers, box types, and pier types only have the function of intercepting large-volume floating objects. The inclined plate type water intake head with a certain sediment treatment capacity has high water depth requirements (in "Water Supply Engineering": to avoid bed load sediment, the lower edge of the side water inlet hole should be higher than the river bottom, generally not less than 0.5 m, and the top water inlet hole should be 1.0 - 1.5 m or more higher than the river bottom), and it cannot be applied to the surface water in mountainous areas with shallow water depths during the dry season. To ensure stable water intake in the surface water of mountainous areas at this time, a weir or a flume is generally set to increase the water depth to meet the depth requirements of conventional water intake heads. This undoubtedly increases the water intake cost and the amount of work. Moreover, during the rainy season, the water volume increases, and although the surface water depth meets the depth requirements of conventional water intake heads, at this time, a large amount of sediment and floating objects carried by the flood still cause problems such as blockage and siltation of the weir and the flume. The sediment in the water enters the water pump through the water intake head, causing wear to the water passage part of the water pump and greatly reducing the service life of the water pump. Even in a water treatment plant driven by gravity flow, the sediment deposited in the structure equipment will also affect the equipment operation and the inlet water quality, and even cause blockage. There are also small-volume floating objects in the surface water of some rivers that cannot be removed by conventional water intake heads. Too many floating objects in the water will block the water inlet holes of the water intake head, and when the floating objects enter the water pump with the water flow, they will entangle the impeller, affecting the normal operation of the water treatment plant.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a water intake head with dynamic adjustment and treatment capabilities, which can still stably intake water when the flow rate is small and the water depth is shallow in the surface water of mountainous areas during the dry season, and has very low or no sediment treatment capabilities; while having high-efficiency sediment treatment capabilities when the surface water depth meets the depth requirements of conventional water intake heads during the rainy season. To solve the problem of difficult water intake for rural residents and the problem of excessive turbidity of drinking water, ensure drinking water safety, and this water intake head should have anti-blocking capabilities to ensure its long-term stable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head to solve the problems that the existing water intake heads cannot be applied to shallow water, cannot reduce the sediment content in the influent water, and are prone to blockage during long-term use.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head, which includes an intake grid plate group, a vane inclined plate chamber, a float housing, and a water collection chamber; the intake grid plate group is connected to the vane inclined plate chamber, the upper shell of the vane inclined plate chamber covers the float housing, the vane inclined plate chamber takes the intake grid plate group as the front end, and the rear end is connected to the water collection chamber; The intake grid plate group, the vane inclined plate chamber, and the water collection chamber are connected to form a passage inside the water intake head for the water flow to sequentially pass through the intake grid plate group, the vane inclined plate chamber, and the water collection chamber.

[0007] The present invention is provided with an intake grid plate group, a vane inclined plate chamber, a float housing, and a water collection chamber. With the intake grid plate group as the head and the water collection chamber as the tail, they are placed in the water flow, with the head facing the water and the tail facing away from the water. The water flow enters the vane inclined plate chamber from the intake grid plate group and then flows into the water collection chamber to be collected. The intake grid plate group is composed of a reduction baffle plate and a plurality of intake grid plates. Each intake grid plate is composed of a grille embedded in the rear part of a deflector plate. When the water flow passes through the deflector plate, it needs to rotate 180° and pass through the embedded grille to enter the water intake head. Large-volume floating objects in the water will flow away along with the water flow due to their large mass and cannot enter the water intake head; the arc of the water-facing surface of each deflector plate and the structure of the front and rear connections cause the water flow to form a vortex in front of the water inlets of the two grid plates when passing through the intake grid plate group, preventing small-volume floating objects from entering the water intake head, and the embedded grille also plays a role in preventing the few floating objects that pass through the vortex from entering the water intake head; the connection arc of the two barrel openings on one side of the deflector plate located at the bottom surface is greater than that on both sides and the upper side, so that the sediment deposited in the intake grid plate group can naturally slide down from the arc surface. The above design can effectively avoid the blockage of the water inlet.

[0008] The intake grid plate group is composed of a reduction baffle plate and a plurality of intake grid plates, and each intake grid plate is composed of a grille embedded in the rear part of a deflector plate; the vane inclined plate chamber is composed of a flow resistance mud hopper group, a vane inclined plate group, and a vane inclined plate outer housing; the vane inclined plate group is composed of a number of lateral flow vane inclined plates and a number of lateral flow inclined plates.

[0009] The water flow passes through the fin inclined plate group. Due to the extremely high sedimentation efficiency of the fin inclined plates, a large amount of sediment in the water settles and then slides into the flow-blocking mud hopper group and is discharged. The water flow processed by the fin inclined plate group enters the water collection chamber. The water collection chamber is composed of a flow-stabilizing plate, a water collection chamber housing, and a water collection component. The cross-sectional area of the water collection chamber is the same as that of the fin inclined plate chamber. However, since there are no fin inclined plates installed in the water collection chamber, the cross-sectional area for water passage is larger than that of the fin inclined plate chamber. After the water flow enters the water collection chamber, the flow velocity decreases due to the increased cross-sectional area for water passage, which is more conducive to the sedimentation of sediment in the water collection chamber. However, at this time, there are a large number of vortices generated after passing through the fin inclined plate group in the water flow, which is not conducive to sedimentation. The flow-stabilizing plate plays a role: after the water flow passes through the straight holes on the flow-stabilizing plate, the vortices are eliminated and the flow pattern becomes stable. The sediment settles and is discharged after the flow-blocking mud hopper group. In the water collection chamber, the sediment content increases with the water depth. Also, since the water intake head is a floating type, the liquid level height of the water collection chamber changes with the floating and sinking of the water intake head. To obtain the upper-layer water, a water collection component is set. The water collection component is composed of a floating ball, a hose, and a connector. Regardless of how the liquid level height of the water collection chamber changes, the floating ball always floats on the liquid level, so that the hose connected to the lower part of the floating ball always takes the upper-layer clear water. The lower end of the hose is connected to a connector, and the connector is then connected to a water delivery pipe to send the obtained clear water into the pumping station.

[0010] Further, the flow-blocking mud hopper group is composed of a number of first flow-blocking mud hoppers, second flow-blocking mud hoppers, and third flow-blocking mud hoppers; a number of anti-short-circuit plates are inlaid in the first flow-blocking mud hopper; a number of upward-flow inclined plates are inlaid in the second flow-blocking mud hopper; and a number of flow-blocking inclined plates are inlaid in the third flow-blocking mud hopper.

[0011] After the water flow passes through the intake grille group and enters the water intake head, and then passes through the fin inclined plate group, a large amount of sediment in the water flow precipitates on the inclined plates and slides into the flow-blocking mud hopper group to be discharged from the water intake head. The function of the anti-short-circuit plates in the first flow-blocking mud hopper is to prevent the water flow passing through the bottom of the inclined plates from bypassing the fin inclined plate group by flowing through the first flow-blocking mud hopper and thus reducing the treatment effect. The upward-flow inclined plates and flow-blocking inclined plates in the second and third flow-blocking mud hoppers also have this function.

[0012] Further, the lateral-flow fin inclined plates and the lateral-flow inclined plates are inclined inward towards the central axis of the water intake head, and the horizontal inclination angles are both 45° - 60°; there is a spacing of 15 - 80 mm between each pair of lateral-flow fin inclined plates, a spacing of 5 - 40 mm between each pair of lateral-flow inclined plates, and a spacing of 15 - 80 mm between the outermost lateral-flow fin inclined plate and the fin inclined plate chamber housing.

[0013] Further, the float housing is composed of two side floats and a limit float; the water collection chamber is composed of a flow-stabilizing plate, a water collection chamber housing, and a water collection component; the water collection component is composed of a floating ball, a hose, and a connector.

[0014] Furthermore, the flow guide plate in the water inlet grid plate is cylindrical, without upper and lower bottom surfaces. The sizes of the two cylinder openings are different. The side with the small opening is the front, and the side with the large opening is the back. The combination method of the water inlet grid plates is front-to-back connection. After the flow guide plate is placed vertically, the horizontal plane where the upper side edge of the cylinder opening on the large opening side at the back is higher than the horizontal plane where the upper side edge of the cylinder opening on the small opening side at the front is located, and the horizontal plane where the bottom edge of the cylinder opening on the large opening side at the back is lower than the horizontal plane where the bottom edge of the cylinder opening on the small opening side at the front is located. Let the distance between the horizontal plane where the bottom edge of the cylinder opening on the large opening side at the back is lower than the horizontal plane where the bottom edge of the cylinder opening on the small opening side at the front be A, and let the distance between the horizontal plane where the upper side edge of the cylinder opening on the large opening side at the back is higher than the horizontal plane where the upper side edge of the cylinder opening on the small opening side at the front be B. A is greater than B. The inlaid grille is placed perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder in the cylinder of the cylindrical flow guide plate, and the edge of the inlaid grille fits the cylinder wall of the flow guide plate.

[0015] The bottom of the finned inclined plate chamber is a flow-blocking mud hopper group, and a finned inclined plate group is arranged above the flow-blocking mud hopper group; the lower edges on both sides of the outer shell of the finned inclined plate chamber are connected to the edges on both sides of the flow-blocking mud hopper group, and the upper part inside the outer shell of the finned inclined plate chamber is closely attached to the upper end of the finned inclined plate group.

[0016] Furthermore, the lateral flow finned inclined plate takes the side where the water inlet grid plate group is located as the front. The upper fins on the lateral flow finned inclined plate are perpendicular to the inclined plate and are installed at equal distances. The length of the fins is the same as the width of the inclined plate, and the height of the fins gradually increases from the front to the back.

[0017] Furthermore, the first flow-blocking mud hopper, the second flow-blocking mud hopper, and the third flow-blocking mud hopper have the same shape and opening; the opening length of the mud hopper mouth of the first flow-blocking mud hopper, the second flow-blocking mud hopper, and the third flow-blocking mud hopper is the same as the length of the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid of the cross-section of the outer shell of the finned inclined plate chamber; the horizontal inclination angles of the four walls of the first flow-blocking mud hopper, the second flow-blocking mud hopper, and the third flow-blocking mud hopper are the same, which is 45 - 60°.

[0018] The side of the specified inlet grille panel group is designated as the front of the water intake head, and the side of the water collection chamber is designated as the rear of the water intake head. A number of first flow-blocking mud hoppers form the front part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group, a number of second flow-blocking mud hoppers form the middle part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group, and a number of third flow-blocking mud hoppers form the rear part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group. This design aims to prevent the occurrence of short-circuit flow where a large amount of water enters from the mud discharge opening of the mud hopper and directly enters the water collection chamber after passing through only a few inclined plates or without passing through any inclined plates, resulting in a decrease in the sand removal effect. Therefore, treatment measures (such as upstream inclined plates) or measures that combine treatment and flow blocking (flow-blocking inclined plates) are set in the mud hopper to increase the head loss of the water entering the mud hopper, reduce the short-circuit flow rate, and ensure the treatment effect. The short-circuit flow far from the water collection chamber will pass through most of the inclined plates for treatment, having little impact on water quality, that is, the front part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group where the first flow-blocking mud hopper is located. In the mud hopper at this position, a short-circuit flow prevention plate that neither has a treatment effect nor a flow-blocking effect is inlaid; the short-circuit flow in the mud hopper in the middle part, that is, the second flow-blocking mud hopper, has a medium impact on the sand removal effect. Therefore, only upstream inclined plates with a treatment effect are inlaid inside the mud hopper, while the short-circuit flow in the mud hopper near the water collection chamber side, that is, the rear part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group where the third flow-blocking mud hopper is located, has almost no treatment by inclined plates and will seriously affect the sand removal effect of the water intake head. Therefore, flow-blocking inclined plates that have both a treatment effect and a flow-blocking function are inlaid inside the mud hopper.

[0019] The first flow-blocking mud hopper, the second flow-blocking mud hopper, and the third flow-blocking mud hopper have different layout positions. The side of the specified inlet grille panel group is designated as the front of the water intake head, and the side of the water collection chamber is designated as the rear of the water intake head. The mud hopper openings of a number of first flow-blocking mud hoppers face upward, and the long sides of the mud hopper openings are connected side by side to form the front part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group. The mud hopper openings of a number of second flow-blocking mud hoppers face upward, and the long sides of the mud hopper openings are connected side by side to form the middle part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group. The mud hopper openings of a number of third flow-blocking mud hoppers face upward, and the long sides of the mud hopper openings are connected side by side to form the rear part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group.

[0020] Further, the short-circuit flow prevention plate is a trapezoidal thin plate. The water flow direction of the water intake head is specified as from the inlet grille panel group to the water collection chamber. The upper and lower bases of the trapezoid of the short-circuit flow prevention plate are perpendicular to the water flow direction. The two sides of the trapezoid of the short-circuit flow prevention plate are used to connect the short-circuit flow prevention plate to the inner sides of the two side faces of the first flow-blocking mud hopper. After installation, the height of the lower end of the short-circuit flow prevention plate is higher than the upper edge of the mud discharge opening; the long side of the bottom of the trapezoid of the upstream inclined plate is arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction. The two sides of the upstream inclined plate are connected to the inner sides of the two side faces of the second flow-blocking mud hopper. The side of the inlet grille panel group is designated as the front, and the upstream inclined plate inclines backward, with the inclination angle being the same as the inclination angle of the four walls of the mud hopper, and the inclined plate spacing is equal.

[0021] The flow-blocking inclined plate is an upstream inclined plate with racks on the bottom surface. The racks are parallel to the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid on the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate and are arranged at equal intervals. The tooth surfaces are inclined towards the shorter base of the trapezoid relative to the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate. Taking the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate as the horizontal plane, the horizontal inclination is 30 - 90°. Drainage openings are provided at the bottoms of the first flow-blocking mud hopper, the second flow-blocking mud hopper, and the third flow-blocking mud hopper. The side of the designated mud hopper close to the water inlet grating group is the water-facing surface of the mud hopper, and the side away from the water inlet grating group is the back water-facing surface of the mud hopper. The drainage opening is located at the bottom of the back water-facing surface of the mud hopper, and the bottom edge of the opening is a trapezoidal long strip opening that closely adheres to the inner edge of the water-facing surface of the mud hopper and extends 0.7 - 2 cm upward along the back water-facing surface. The two sides of the opening closely adhere to the inner sides of the two sides of the mud hopper.

[0022] Furthermore, the shape of the bottom surface of the flow-stabilizing plate is consistent with the trapezoid of the cross-section of the outer shell of the finned inclined plate, and it has a thickness of 1 - 4 cm. There are through holes perpendicular to the bottom surface on the flow-stabilizing plate. The shape of the through holes is not limited, and the porosity of the plate is higher than 70%. The flow-stabilizing plate is placed perpendicular to the axis of the outer shell of the finned inclined plate inside the outer shell of the finned inclined plate, 20 - 200 mm behind the finned inclined plate group. The upper part and both sides are closely attached to the inner side of the outer shell of the water collection chamber, and the height is the same as that of the outer shell of the finned inclined plate. The front of the outer shell of the water collection chamber is connected to the outer shell of the finned inclined plate. The upper part and both sides of the outer shell of the water collection chamber have the same structure as the outer shell of the finned inclined plate. The rear part of the outer shell of the water collection chamber is a trapezoidal inclined surface, which is inclined forward with the shorter upper base of the trapezoid as the axis, and the horizontal inclination angle is greater than 40°. A connecting head is provided on the rear inclined surface of the outer shell of the water collection chamber. The lower edge of the outer shell of the water collection chamber is hermetically connected to the rear edge of the flow-blocking mud hopper group.

[0023] A floating ball opening is provided in the middle of the top surface of the outer shell of the water collection chamber. A raised edge is formed around the floating ball opening, and the height is 5 - 10 mm higher than the thickness of the limit float. The upper end of the hose is connected to a connecting piece, and the lower end is connected to the connecting head.

[0024] Furthermore, the two side floats are closely attached to both sides of the outer shell of the finned inclined plate, and the height is the same as that of the outer shell of the finned inclined plate. Designating the surface where the flow-blocking mud hopper group is located as the lower surface and the surface where the limit float is located as the upper surface, the volume of the two side floats gradually increases from bottom to top, and there is a buoyancy boundary line at 1 / 3 - 3 / 4 of the height. Taking this buoyancy boundary line as the boundary, the increase in volume in its upper part is greater than that in the lower part.

[0025] The limiting float is a cylinder, and the bottom surface shape is the shape formed by combining the upper parts of the two side floats and the upper part of the wing plate inclined plate outdoor shell. The height is determined according to the volume of the water intake head, taking 5 - 150 mm, and the bottom surface is placed above the wing plate inclined plate outdoor shell. The float shell makes the water intake head float on the river surface, further reducing the sediment content in the incoming water. The float shell is composed of two side floats and a limiting float. During the initial process of sediment precipitation in the water intake head, due to the deposition of sediment on the inclined plate and the accumulation in the mud bucket, the weight of the water intake head increases. After the sediment starts to be discharged from the mud bucket, the weight of the water intake head no longer increases. The increased weight of the water intake head depends on the sediment content in the river water. Therefore, in order to cope with the change of sediment content in the river, it is designed that the volume of the two side floats gradually increases from bottom to top, so that the water intake head can automatically adjust the draft depth during operation, thereby adjusting the water flow cross-sectional area inside the water intake head, adjusting the water flow velocity inside the water intake head, and further adjusting the treatment effect to cope with the change of sediment content. For example, when the sediment content in the river increases, the weight of the water intake head increases, the draft depth of the water intake head becomes deeper, the water flow cross-sectional area inside the water intake head increases, the water flow velocity decreases, and the sedimentation effect is enhanced. The limiting float ensures that the water intake head can float on the water surface during overload operation when the sediment content is greater than the maximum treatment capacity.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The intake grille of the present invention is composed of a rear grille module of the diversion module. When the water flow passes through the diversion module, it needs to rotate 180° and pass through the grille module to enter the water intake head. Large-volume floating objects in the water flow away along the water flow and cannot enter the water intake head; the arc of the water-facing surface of each diversion module and the structure of the front and rear connections cause the water flow to form a vortex in front of the water inlet of the two grille plates when passing through the intake diversion grille group, preventing small-volume floating objects from entering the water intake head, and the grille module also plays a role in preventing the few floating objects that pass through the vortex from entering the water intake head; the connection arc of the two barrel openings on one side of the diversion module located at the bottom surface is larger than that of the two sides and the upper side, and the sediment deposited in the intake diversion grille group naturally slides down from the arc surface. The above measures can effectively avoid the blockage of the water inlet.

[0027] 2. After the water flow enters the water intake head through the intake diversion grille group and passes through the inclined plate array, a large amount of sediment in the water flow precipitates on the inclined plate and slides into the flow-blocking hopper unit to be discharged from the water intake head. The function of the short-flow baffle in the first-stage flow-blocking hopper is to prevent the water flow passing through the bottom of the inclined plate from bypassing the inclined plate array through the first-stage flow-blocking hopper and reducing the treatment effect. The upward-flow inclined plate and the toothed reverse-flow inclined plate in the second-stage flow-blocking hopper and the third-stage flow-blocking hopper also have this function.

[0028] 3. After a large amount of sediment in the water settles and slides into the flow-blocking hopper unit and is discharged, the vortex is eliminated after the water flow passes through the straight holes on the rectifying transition plate, and the flow pattern becomes stable. The stable flow pattern is conducive to sedimentation, and the characteristic that the subsequent water collection component only takes the upper-layer water further reduces the sediment content in the discharged water.

[0029] 4. The grille inlet is adopted to expand the inlet area. The combination of multiple inlet diversion grilles increases the inlet area, reducing the head loss of the water flow entering from the inlet and reaching the clear water compartment through the inclined plates, thereby increasing the water volume to be treated. The design of the flow-blocking mud hopper group, reducing the area of the sand discharge control opening of the mud hopper, and the measure of designing the sand discharge control opening on the back water surface also increase the head loss of the short-circuit water flow and reduce the short-circuit water volume.

[0030] 5. The float housing makes the water intake head float on the river surface, further reducing the sediment content of the incoming water. The float housing consists of two side floats and a limit float. During the initial process of sediment deposition, as sediment accumulates on the inclined plates and in the mud hoppers, the weight of the water intake head increases. After the sediment starts to be discharged from the mud hoppers, the weight of the water intake head no longer increases. The increased weight of the water intake head depends on the sediment content in the river water. Therefore, in order to cope with the change in sediment content in the river, the two side floats are designed to gradually increase in volume from bottom to top, enabling the water intake head to automatically adjust its draft depth during operation, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional area of the water flow inside the water intake head, regulating the water flow velocity inside the water intake head, and further adjusting the treatment effect to cope with the change in sediment content.

[0031] 6. The overall height of the water intake head is relatively low, enabling stable water intake in shallow waters where most water intake heads cannot operate. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow waters proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side sectional structure of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow waters proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 It is an overall explosion diagram of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow waters proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inlet grille plate group of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow waters proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram and an explosion diagram of a single inlet grille plate of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow waters proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a rear view of the finned inclined plate group of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow waters proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single finned inclined plate from front to back of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow waters proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the first flow-blocking mud hopper, the second flow-blocking mud hopper and the inlay inside the hopper: the anti-short-circuit plate and the upstream inclined plate structure of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow waters proposed by the present invention; Figure 9The third flow-blocking mud bucket of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow water and the inlay inside the bucket: schematic diagram of the flow-blocking inclined plate structure; Figure 10 Overall explosion view of the float outer shell of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow water proposed by the present invention; Figure 11 Overall explosion view of the water collection chamber of a pre-sedimentation water intake head for shallow water proposed by the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals Inlet grid plate group (1); wing plate inclined plate chamber (2); float outer shell (3); water collection chamber (4); anti-blocking plate (12); inlet grid plate (11); guide plate (111); grille (112); flow-blocking mud bucket group (22); wing plate inclined plate outer shell (24); wing plate inclined plate group (23); lateral flow wing plate inclined plate (231); lateral flow inclined plate (232); first flow-blocking mud bucket (221); second flow-blocking mud bucket (222); third flow-blocking mud bucket (223); anti-short-circuit plate (2211); upstream inclined plate (2221); flow-blocking inclined plate (2231); flow-stabilizing plate (41); water collection chamber outer shell (42); water collection assembly (43); floating ball (431); hose (432); connecting piece (433); sludge discharge port (224); mud bucket water-facing surface (225); mud bucket back surface (226); two side surfaces of the mud bucket (227); buoyancy boundary line (311); two side floats (31); limit float (32); floating ball port (421); connecting head (422). Detailed implementation manners

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", and "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0034] In an embodiment of a relatively shallow surface water, refer to Figure 1As shown in the figure, a shallow - water dynamic sand - removing water - intake head of the present invention includes an intake grid plate group 1, a fin - inclined plate chamber 2, a float outer shell 3 and a water - collecting chamber 4. The intake grid plate group 1 is connected to the fin - inclined plate chamber 2. The upper shell of the fin - inclined plate chamber 2 covers the float outer shell 3. The fin - inclined plate chamber 2 has the intake grid plate group 1 at the front end and is connected to the water - collecting chamber 4 at the rear end. The intake grid plate group 1, the fin - inclined plate chamber 2 and the water - collecting chamber 4 are connected to form a passage inside which the water flow passes through the intake grid plate group 1, the fin - inclined plate chamber 2 and the water - collecting chamber 4 in sequence. The water - intake head is placed in the water flow with the intake grid plate group as the head and the water - collecting chamber as the tail, with the head facing the water flow and the tail facing away from the water flow. The water flow enters the fin - inclined plate chamber from the intake grid plate group and then flows into the water - collecting chamber to be collected.

[0035] As Figure 1 , the intake grid plate group 1 is composed of a reducing baffle 12 and a plurality of intake grid plates 11. As Figure 5 , the intake grid plate 11 is composed of a grille 112 inlaid at the rear of a guide vane 111; the fin - inclined plate chamber 2 is composed of a flow - blocking mud hopper group 22, a fin - inclined plate outer shell 24 and a fin - inclined plate group 23.

[0036] The fin - inclined plate group 23 is composed of a number of lateral - flow fin - inclined plates 231 and a number of lateral - flow inclined plates 232. The lateral - flow fin - inclined plates 231 and the lateral - flow inclined plates 232 are inclined towards the central axis of the water - intake head, and the horizontal inclination angle of the inclined plates is 45° - 60°. There is a spacing of 15 - 80 mm between each pair of lateral - flow fin - inclined plates 231, a spacing of 5 - 40 mm between each pair of lateral - flow inclined plates 232, and a spacing of 15 - 80 mm between the outermost lateral - flow fin - inclined plate 231 and the fin - inclined plate outer shell 24.

[0037] The flow - blocking mud hopper group 22 is composed of a number of first flow - blocking mud hoppers 221, second flow - blocking mud hoppers 222 and third flow - blocking mud hoppers 223. A number of anti - short - circuit plates 2211 are inlaid in the first flow - blocking mud hopper 221; a number of upstream inclined plates 2221 are inlaid in the second flow - blocking mud hopper 222; and a number of flow - blocking inclined plates 2231 are inlaid in the third flow - blocking mud hopper 223.

[0038] The float outer shell 3 is composed of two - side floats 31 and a limit float 32; the water - collecting chamber 4 is composed of a flow - stabilizing plate 41, a water - collecting chamber outer shell 42 and a water - collecting component 43; as Figure 5 shown in the figure, the guide vane 111 in the intake grid plate 11 is cylindrical without upper and lower bottom surfaces, and the sizes of the two cylinder openings are different. The small - opening side is in the front and the large - opening side is in the rear, and the water flow enters from the large - opening side. Figure 4 , the combination mode of the intake grid plates 11 is front - to - back connection. After such combination, the water flow needs to rotate 180° when flowing through the guide vane 111 and enters the water - intake head through the large - opening side. Large - volume floating objects in the water will flow away along with the water flow due to their large mass and cannot enter the water - intake head; the arc of the water - facing surface of each guide vane 111 and the front - to - back connection structure cause the water flow to form a vortex in front of the water - inlet of the two grid plates when flowing through the intake grid plate group, preventing small - volume floating objects from entering the water - intake head.

[0039] After the flow guide plate 111 is placed vertically, the horizontal plane where the upper side of the large open side barrel opening at the rear is located is higher than the horizontal plane where the upper side of the small open side barrel opening at the front is located, and the horizontal plane where the bottom side of the large open side barrel opening at the rear is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the bottom side of the small open side barrel opening at the front is located. Let the distance between the horizontal plane where the bottom side of the large open side barrel opening at the rear is located and the horizontal plane where the bottom side of the small open side barrel opening at the front is located be A, and let the distance between the horizontal plane where the upper side of the large open side barrel opening at the rear is located and the horizontal plane where the upper side of the small open side barrel opening at the front is located be B. A is greater than B, so that the sediment deposited in the intake grid group can naturally slide down from the arc surface.

[0040] The inlaid grille 112 is placed vertically inside the cylindrical flow guide plate 111 along the axis of the cylinder. The edge of the inlaid grille 112 is in contact with the barrel wall of the flow guide plate 111. The inlaid grille 112 also plays a role in blocking a small number of floating objects passing through the vortices formed in front of the water intake from entering the water intake head; all the above measures effectively reduce the possibility of the water intake of the water intake head being blocked.

[0041] As Figure 3 , the bottom of the fin inclined plate chamber 2 is a flow blocking mud bucket group 22, and a fin inclined plate group 23 is arranged above the flow blocking mud bucket group 22; the lower edges of both sides of the fin inclined plate chamber housing 24 are connected to the edges of both sides of the flow blocking mud bucket group 22, and the upper part inside the fin inclined plate chamber housing 24 is closely attached to the upper end of the fin inclined plate group 23.

[0042] As Figure 7 , with the side where the intake grid group 1 is located as the front, for the lateral flow fin inclined plate 231, the fins on it are perpendicular to the inclined plate and are installed at equal distances. The length of the fins is the same as the width of the inclined plate, and the height of the fins gradually increases from the front to the back. The height of the fins determines the treatment effect of the fin inclined plate within a certain range. The water flow entering the fin inclined plate chamber 2 from the intake grid group 1 is untreated and has the largest sediment content, which seriously increases the sediment discharge pressure in the front area of the flow blocking mud bucket group 22 and is extremely likely to cause the sediment discharge port to be blocked. And the sediment is completely precipitated in the initial stage, reducing the utilization rate of the rear inclined plate and the mud bucket. To avoid this situation, the volume of the front area mud bucket can be increased, and the number and volume of the rear inclined plate and the mud bucket can be reduced. However, the increase in the volume of the mud bucket inevitably increases the overall height of the water intake head, which is not conducive to use in shallow water. To solve the above problems and meet the requirements of use in shallow water, reduce the treatment efficiency of the front area fin inclined plate, thereby reducing the sediment settlement amount in the front area, increase the treatment efficiency of the rear area fin inclined plate, and improve the utilization rate of the rear inclined plate and the mud bucket. Therefore, it is designed that the height of the fins gradually increases from the front to the back. This design also makes the mass distribution of the water intake head uniform and increases the floating stability of the water intake head in water.

[0043] As Figure 8 , 9As shown in the figure: The first flow-blocking mud hopper 221, the second flow-blocking mud hopper 222, and the third flow-blocking mud hopper 223 have the same shape and opening, but different inlay materials inside. The different internal inlay materials determine the functions of the corresponding mud hoppers other than mud discharge and storage; the anti-short-circuit plate 2211 is a trapezoidal thin plate. The specified water flow direction at the water intake head is from the intake grille group 1 to the water collection chamber 4. The upper and lower bases of the trapezoid of the anti-short-circuit plate 2211 are perpendicular to the water flow direction. The two sides of the trapezoid of the anti-short-circuit plate 2211 are connected to the inner sides of the two side surfaces 227 of the first flow-blocking mud hopper 221. After installation, the lower end height of the anti-short-circuit plate 2211 is higher than the upper edge of the mud discharge port 224. The design of the anti-short-circuit plate 2211 prevents the water flow passing through the bottom of the inclined plate from bypassing the fin inclined plate group 23 by flowing through the first flow-blocking mud hopper 221 and thus reducing the treatment effect. The upper flow inclined plate 2221 and the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 in the second flow-blocking mud hopper 222 and the third flow-blocking mud hopper 223 also have this function.

[0044] As Figure 8 , the long side of the bottom of the trapezoid of the upper flow inclined plate 2221 is arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction. The two sides of the upper flow inclined plate 2221 are connected to the inner sides of the two side surfaces 227 of the second flow-blocking mud hopper 222. Designating the side of the intake grille group 1 as the front, the upper flow inclined plate 2221 is inclined backward, and the inclination angle is the same as the inclination angle of the four walls of the mud hopper, and the inclined plate spacing is equal.

[0045] As Figure 9 , the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 is the upper flow inclined plate 2221 with teeth on the bottom surface. The rack is parallel to the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid of the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 and is arranged at equal intervals up and down. The tooth surface is inclined towards the shorter base direction of the trapezoid with respect to the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231. Taking the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 as the horizontal plane, it is horizontally inclined at 30 - 90°.

[0046] As Figure 2 , the first flow-blocking mud hopper 221, the second flow-blocking mud hopper 222, and the third flow-blocking mud hopper 223 have different arrangement positions. Designating the side of the intake grille group 1 as the front of the water intake head and the side of the water collection chamber 4 as the rear of the water intake head, the mud hopper openings of several first flow-blocking mud hoppers 221 face upward, and the long sides of the mud hopper openings are connected side by side to form the front part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group 22. The mud hopper openings of several second flow-blocking mud hoppers 222 face upward, and the long sides of the mud hopper openings are connected side by side to form the middle part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group 22. The mud hopper openings of several third flow-blocking mud hoppers 223 face upward, and the long sides of the mud hopper openings are connected side by side to form the rear part of the flow-blocking mud hopper group 22.

[0047] The upstream inclined plate 2221 and the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 are designed to prevent a large amount of water flow from entering through the sludge discharge port of the sludge hopper and directly entering the water collection chamber 4 after passing through only a few inclined plates or no inclined plates, resulting in a decline in the sand removal effect. Therefore, treatment measures such as the upstream inclined plate or the flow-blocking inclined plate measures with both treatment and flow-blocking functions are set in the sludge hopper to increase the head loss of the water inlet in the sludge hopper, reduce the short-circuit water volume, and ensure the treatment effect. The short-circuit flow far from the water collection chamber 4 will pass through most of the inclined plates for treatment, with little impact on water quality, that is, the front part of the flow-blocking sludge hopper group where the first flow-blocking sludge hopper 221 is located. Therefore, a short-circuit prevention plate 2211 that has neither a treatment function nor a flow-blocking function is inlaid in the sludge hopper at this position; the short-circuit flow in the middle sludge hopper, that is, the second flow-blocking sludge hopper 222, has a medium impact on the sand removal effect. Therefore, only the upstream inclined plate 2221 with a treatment effect is inlaid inside the sludge hopper. The short-circuit flow in the sludge hopper near the water collection chamber side, that is, the rear part of the flow-blocking sludge hopper group where the third flow-blocking sludge hopper 223 is located, has hardly passed through the inclined plate treatment, which will seriously affect the sand removal effect of the water intake head. Therefore, a flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 with both a treatment effect and a flow-blocking function is inlaid inside the sludge hopper.

[0048] At the bottom of each of the first flow-blocking sludge hopper 221, the second flow-blocking sludge hopper 222, and the third flow-blocking sludge hopper 223, there is a sludge discharge port 224 as Figure 8 shown; the side of the designated sludge hopper close to the intake grille group 1 is the water-facing surface 225, and the side far from the intake grille group 1 is the back water surface 226. The sludge discharge port 224 is located at the bottom of the back water surface 226 of the sludge hopper, and is a trapezoidal long strip opening with the bottom edge of the opening closely attached to the inner edge of the water-facing surface 225 of the sludge hopper and rising 0.7 - 2 cm upward along the back water surface 226, and both sides of the opening are closely attached to the inner sides of the two side surfaces 227 of the sludge hopper.

[0049] The measure of designing the sludge discharge port on the back water surface makes the water flow entering from the sludge discharge port of the sludge hopper need to bypass the bottom of the sludge hopper and turn 180° to enter, increasing the head loss of this part of the short-circuit flow and reducing the short-circuit water volume. The area of the sludge discharge port is as small as possible without affecting sludge discharge, which also increases the short-circuit water head loss and reduces the short-circuit water volume.

[0050] The opening length of the mud bucket mouth of the first flow-blocking mud bucket 221, the second flow-blocking mud bucket 222, and the third flow-blocking mud bucket 223 is the same as the length of the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid of the cross-section of the fin inclined plate housing 24; the horizontal inclination angles of the four walls of the first flow-blocking mud bucket 221, the second flow-blocking mud bucket 222, and the third flow-blocking mud bucket 223 are the same, which is 45 - 60°.

[0051] As Figure 1 、 2As shown, the bottom surface shape of the flow stabilizer plate 41 is consistent with the trapezoid of the cross-section of the fin inclined plate outdoor shell 24, with a thickness of 1-4 cm. There are through holes perpendicular to the bottom surface, and the shape of the through holes is not limited. The porosity of the plate is higher than 70%. The flow stabilizer plate 41 is placed perpendicular to the axis of the fin inclined plate outdoor shell 24 inside the fin inclined plate outdoor shell 24, 20-200 mm behind the fin inclined plate group 23. The upper part and both sides are closely attached to the inner side of the water collection outdoor shell 42, and the height is the same as that of the fin inclined plate outdoor shell 24. A large number of vortices generated after the water flow passes through the fin inclined plate group are not conducive to sedimentation. After flowing through the straight holes on the flow stabilizer plate, the vortices are eliminated, the flow pattern becomes stable, and the sediment is more likely to precipitate in the water collection chamber.

[0052] As Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the front of the water collection outdoor shell 42 is connected to the fin inclined plate outdoor shell 24. The upper part and both sides of the shell of the water collection outdoor shell 42 are the same as those of the fin inclined plate outdoor shell 24. The rear part of the water collection outdoor shell 42 is a trapezoidal inclined surface, which is inclined forward with the shorter bottom edge of the trapezoid as the axis, and the horizontal inclination angle is greater than 40°. A connector 422 is provided on the rear inclined surface of the water collection outdoor shell 42. The lower edge of the water collection outdoor shell 42 is hermetically connected to the rear edge of the flow blocking mud bucket group 22.

[0053] As Figure 11 As shown, a float port 421 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the water collection outdoor shell 42 to ensure that when the water intake head has a relatively deep draft and the water flow inside the water intake head is full flow, the float 431 can still float on the water surface through the opening of the float port 421, so that the hose connected below it can stably draw the upper clear water.

[0054] As Figure 11 As shown, a raised height around the float port 421 rises around the float port 421, and the height is 5-10 mm higher than the thickness of the limit float 32 to prevent rainwater or river water from entering the water collection chamber through the float port 421 when the water intake head has a relatively deep draft.

[0055] As Figure 11 As shown, the upper end of the hose 432 is connected to the connector 433, and the lower end is connected to the connector 422. The connector 422 can be connected to a water delivery pipe at the back.

[0056] As Figure 10, the two side floats 31 are closely attached to both sides of the outer shell 24 of the vane inclined plate, and their height is the same as that of the outer shell 24 of the vane inclined plate; the surface where the designated flow-blocking mud hopper group 22 is located is defined as the bottom, and the surface where the limit float 32 is located is defined as the top. The volume of the two side floats 31 gradually increases from bottom to top, and there is a buoyancy boundary line 311 at the height of 1 / 3 - 3 / 4. Taking the buoyancy boundary line 311 as the boundary, the volume increase amplitude of its upper part is larger than that of the lower part. The purpose of setting the buoyancy boundary line 311 is as follows: the volume increase amplitude of the float below the buoyancy boundary line 311 is small, and the buoyancy change it can provide is low. This design makes it convenient that when the sediment content in the water is very low, the water intake head can still have a certain draft depth due to its own weight, so that the water level line passes over the buoyancy boundary line 311, avoiding insufficient water intake or excessive air bubbles in the water delivery pipe caused by too shallow draft. And the volume increase amplitude of the float above the buoyancy boundary line 311 becomes significantly larger, and the volume increase amplitude depends on the variation law of the sediment content at the use location.

[0057] As Figure 10 , the limit float 32 is a cylinder, the bottom surface shape is the combined shape of the upper parts of the two side floats 31 and the upper part of the outer shell 24 of the vane inclined plate, and the height is determined according to the volume of the water intake head, taking 5 - 150 mm, and the bottom surface is placed above the outer shell 24 of the vane inclined plate.

[0058] The float outer shell 3 makes the water intake head float on the river surface, further reducing the sediment content in the incoming water. The float outer shell 3 is composed of two side floats 31 and a limit float 32. During the initial process of sediment precipitation in the water intake head, due to the deposition of sediment on the inclined plate and the accumulation in the mud hopper, the weight of the water intake head increases. After the sediment starts to be discharged from the mud hopper and the discharge amount is balanced with the incoming amount, the weight of the water intake head no longer increases. Therefore, the increased weight of the water intake head depends on the sediment content in the river water. In order to cope with the change of sediment content in the river, it is designed that the volume of the two side floats gradually increases from bottom to top, so that the water intake head can automatically adjust the draft depth during operation, thereby adjusting the water flow cross-sectional area in the water intake head, adjusting the water flow velocity in the water intake head, and further adjusting the treatment effect to cope with the change of sediment content. For example: when the sediment content in the river increases, the weight of the water intake head increases, the draft depth of the water intake head becomes deeper, the water flow cross-sectional area in the water intake head increases, the water flow velocity decreases, and the sedimentation effect is enhanced. The limit float ensures that the water intake head can float on the water surface when it operates overload with a sediment content greater than the maximum treatment capacity.

[0059] In the water collection chamber 4, the sediment content increases with the increase of water depth. And because the water intake head is a floating type, the liquid level height of the water collection chamber 4 changes with the floating and sinking of the water intake head. In order to obtain the upper layer of water, a water collection component 43 is set. As Figure 11, the water collection component 43 consists of a float 431, a hose 432, and a connector 433. Regardless of how the liquid level in the water collection chamber 4 changes, the float 431 always floats on the liquid level, ensuring that the hose 432 connected to the lower part of the float 431 always draws the upper layer of clear water. The lower end of the hose 432 is connected to the connector 422, and after the connector 422, there is a water delivery pipe to send the collected clear water into the pumping station.

[0060] Embodiment 1 In the surface water embodiment in the Qinba Mountains area, the maximum daily water consumption in this area is 40000 L / day; The sediment content in the influent water is 3150 mg / L; The number of the inlet grille plates 11 is 4; The number of the side-flow finned inclined plates 231 is 8; The number of the side-flow inclined plates 232 is 2; The horizontal inclination angle of the side-flow finned inclined plate 231 is 60°; The horizontal inclination angle of the side-flow inclined plate 232 is 60°; The transverse spacing between each side-flow finned inclined plate 231 is 80 mm, and the transverse spacing between each side-flow inclined plate 232 is 20 mm; The transverse spacing between the outermost side-flow finned inclined plate 231 and the finned inclined plate outer shell 24 is 80 mm; The radian r of the water-facing surface of the guide plate 111 is 30 mm, and the radian of the bottom surface of the guide plate 111 is r = 48 mm; The height change range of the fins of the side-flow finned inclined plate 231 is 20 - 52 mm; The inclined plate spacing of the upper-flow inclined plate 2221 is equal, which is: 15 mm; The rack of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 is parallel to the upper and lower bottom edges of the trapezoid on the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 and is arranged at equal intervals up and down. The tooth pitch is 6 mm, and it is arranged from top to bottom. The starting rack is 5 mm away from the edge of the inclined plate, and the tooth surface is inclined 45° relative to the shorter bottom side of the upper bottom of the trapezoid on the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231; The mouth of each flow-blocking mud hopper is a rectangle with a length of 750 mm and a width of 125 mm; The number of the first flow-blocking mud hoppers 221 is: 5; The number of the second flow-blocking mud hoppers 222 is: 8; The number of the third flow-blocking mud hoppers 223 is: 5; The total length of the flow-blocking mud hopper group 22 is 13572 mm; The opening bottom edge of the mud discharge port 224 is a trapezoidal long strip opening that closely adheres to the inner edge of the water-facing surface 225 of the mud hopper and extends 1.2 cm upward along the backwater surface 226; The horizontal inclination angles of the four walls of each mud hopper are the same, which is 45°; The upper base length of the flow stabilizer plate 41 is 480 mm, the lower base length is 746 mm, and the height is 230 mm. The thickness of the flow stabilizer plate 41 is 15 mm, and the holes in the flow stabilizer plate 41 are squares with a side length of 18 mm; The height of the floating ball opening 421 above the limit is 5 mm higher than the thickness of the limit float 32. The floating ball opening 421 is a square with a side length of 170 mm.

[0061] The buoyancy boundary line 311 is at the mid-height of the two side floats 31; The height of the two side floats 31 is 234 mm; The height of the limit float 32 is 25 mm; The diameter d of the floating ball 431 is 55 mm; The pipe diameter of the hose 432 is 40 mm; The flow velocity inside the hose is 0.28 m / s, and 1000i = 2.61; Due to the gradually increasing height of the wing plates, the maximum horizontal flow velocity at the cross-section of the inclined plate of the lateral flow wing plate is 12.51 mm / s; In the early stage of treatment, the draft depth of the water intake head is 140 mm, and the average sand content of sand particles with a particle size greater than 0.1 mm in the water is reduced by 58.46%.

[0062] After running for 4 hours, the draft depth of the water intake head is 184 mm, and the average removal rate of sand particles with a particle size greater than 0.1 mm in the water is increased to 72.01%.

[0063] Example 2 In an example of relatively shallow surface water, the maximum daily water consumption in this area is 46000 L / day; The influent sand content is 1930 mg / L; The number of inlet grid plates 11 is 7; The number of lateral flow wing plates 231 is 8; The number of lateral flow inclined plates 232 is 3; The horizontal inclination angle of the lateral flow wing plate 231 is 60°; The horizontal inclination angle of the lateral flow inclined plate 232 is 60°; The transverse spacing between the lateral flow wing plates 231 is 82 mm, and the transverse spacing between the lateral flow inclined plates 232 is 15 mm; The transverse spacing between the outermost lateral flow wing plate 231 and the wing plate outdoor shell 24 is 82 mm; The arc radius r of the water-facing surface of the guide plate 111 is 30 mm, and the arc radius of the bottom surface of the guide plate 111 is r = 48 mm; The wing plate height of the lateral flow wing plate 231 varies in the range of 20 - 52 mm; The inclined plate spacing of the upstream inclined plate 2221 is equal, which is: 18 mm; The rack of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231 is parallel to the upper and lower bottom edges of the trapezoid at the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231, and is arranged at equal intervals up and down. The tooth pitch is 6 mm, and it is arranged from top to bottom. The starting rack is 5 mm away from the edge of the inclined plate. The tooth surface is inclined at 45° relative to the shorter bottom edge side of the upper bottom of the trapezoid at the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate 2231; The mouth of each flow-blocking mud bucket is a rectangle with a length of 758 mm and a width of 125 mm; The number of the first flow-blocking mud buckets 221 is: 7; The number of the second flow-blocking mud buckets 222 is: 6; The number of the third flow-blocking mud buckets 223 is: 5; The total length of the flow-blocking mud bucket group 22 is 13572 mm; The opening bottom edge of the mud discharge port 224 is a trapezoidal long strip opening that closely adheres to the inner edge of the water-facing surface 225 of the mud bucket and is 1.0 cm upward along the back water surface 226; The horizontal inclination angles of the four walls of each mud bucket are the same, which is 45°; The upper bottom length of the flow-stabilizing plate 41 is 488 mm, the lower bottom length is 754 mm, and the height is 230 mm. The thickness of the flow-stabilizing plate 41 is 25 mm, and the holes in the flow-stabilizing plate 41 are squares with a side length of 18 mm; The ultra-high height of the float port 421 is 5 mm higher than the thickness of the limit float 32. The float port 421 is a square with a side length of 170 mm; The buoyancy boundary line 311 is at the 1 / 2 height of the two side floats 31; The height of the two side floats 31 is 234 mm; The height of the limit float 32 is 20 mm; The diameter d of the float ball 431 is 40 mm; The pipe diameter of the hose 432 is 40 mm; The flow velocity inside the hose is 0.30 m / s, and 1000i = 3.09; Due to the gradually increasing height of the wing pieces, the highest horizontal flow velocity of the cross-section of the lateral flow wing piece inclined plate is 12.94 mm / s; In the early stage of treatment, the draft depth of the water intake head is 138 mm, and the average sand content of sand particles with a particle size greater than 0.1 mm in the water is reduced by 60.64%. After running for 4 hours, the draft depth of the water intake head is 167 mm, and the average removal rate of sand particles with a particle size greater than 0.1 mm in the water is increased to 75.12%.

[0064] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any respect, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head, comprising an intake grille group (1), a fin inclined plate chamber (2), a float housing (3) and a water collection chamber (4); characterized in that: The inlet grid plate group (1) is connected to the fin inclined plate chamber (2). The upper shell of the fin inclined plate chamber (2) covers the float outer shell (3). The fin inclined plate chamber (2) has the inlet grid plate group (1) at the front end and is connected to the water collection chamber (4) at the rear end; The inlet grid plate group (1) is composed of a flow reduction baffle (12) and a plurality of inlet grid plates (11). The inlet grid plate (11) is composed of a grille (112) inlaid at the rear of a guide plate (111); The fin inclined plate chamber (2) is composed of a flow blocking mud hopper group (22), a fin inclined plate group (23), and a fin inclined plate outer shell (24); The fin inclined plate group (23) is composed of a number of lateral flow fin inclined plates (231) and a number of lateral flow inclined plates (232); The flow blocking mud hopper group (22) is composed of a number of first flow blocking mud hoppers (221), second flow blocking mud hoppers (222), and third flow blocking mud hoppers (223); A number of short-circuit prevention plates (2211) are inlaid in the first flow blocking mud hopper (221); a number of upward flow inclined plates (2221) are inlaid in the second flow blocking mud hopper (222); a number of flow blocking inclined plates (2231) are inlaid in the third flow blocking mud hopper (223).

2. The shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral flow fin inclined plates (231) and the lateral flow inclined plates (232) are inclined inward towards the axis of the water intake head, and the horizontal inclination angles are both 45° - 60°; there is a spacing of 15 - 80 mm between each lateral flow fin inclined plate (231), a spacing of 5 - 40 mm between each lateral flow inclined plate (232), and a spacing of 15 - 80 mm between the outermost lateral flow fin inclined plate (231) and the fin inclined plate outer shell (24).

3. The shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The float outer shell (3) is composed of two side floats (31) and a limit float (32); the water collection chamber (4) is composed of a flow stabilizing plate (41), a water collection chamber outer shell (42), and a water collection assembly (43); the water collection assembly (43) is composed of a float ball (431), a hose (432), and a connector (433).

4. The shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (111) in the inlet grid plate (11) is cylindrical, without upper and lower bottom surfaces. The two cylinder openings are of different sizes. The small opening side is in the front, and the large opening side is in the rear. The combination method of the inlet grid plates (11) is front-to-back connection; after the guide plate (111) is placed vertically, the horizontal plane where the upper side of the rear large opening side cylinder opening is located is higher than the horizontal plane where the upper side of the front small opening side cylinder opening is located, and the horizontal plane where the bottom side of the rear large opening side cylinder opening is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the bottom side of the front small opening side cylinder opening is located. Let the distance between the horizontal plane where the bottom side of the rear large opening side cylinder opening is located and the horizontal plane where the bottom side of the front small opening side cylinder opening is located be A, and let the distance between the horizontal plane where the upper side of the rear large opening side cylinder opening is located and the horizontal plane where the upper side of the front small opening side cylinder opening is located be B. A is greater than B. The inlaid grille (112) is placed perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder in the cylinder of the cylindrical guide plate (111), and the edge of the inlaid grille (112) fits against the cylinder wall of the guide plate (111).

5. The shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral flow finned inclined plate (231) has the side where the water inlet grid plate group (1) is located as the front. On the lateral flow finned inclined plate (231), its upper fins are perpendicular to the inclined plate and are installed at equal intervals. The length of the fins is the same as the width of the inclined plate, and the height of the fins gradually increases from the front to the rear.

6. The shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow-blocking mud hopper (221), the second flow-blocking mud hopper (222), and the third flow-blocking mud hopper (223) have the same shape and opening; the opening length of the mud hopper mouths of the first flow-blocking mud hopper (221), the second flow-blocking mud hopper (222), and the third flow-blocking mud hopper (223) is the same as the length of the lower bottom side of the trapezoid of the cross-section of the finned inclined plate outdoor shell (24); the horizontal inclination angles of the four walls of the mud hoppers of the first flow-blocking mud hopper (221), the second flow-blocking mud hopper (222), and the third flow-blocking mud hopper (223) are the same, being 45 - 60°.

7. The shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short-circuit flow prevention plate (2211) is a trapezoidal thin plate. Designating the water flow direction of the water intake head as from the water inlet grid plate group (1) to the water collection chamber (4), the upper and lower bottoms of the trapezoid of the short-circuit flow prevention plate (2211) are perpendicular to the water flow direction. The two sides of the trapezoid of the short-circuit flow prevention plate (2211) are used to connect the short-circuit flow prevention plate (2211) to the inner sides of the two side faces (227) of the first flow-blocking mud hopper (221). After installation, the height of the lower end of the short-circuit flow prevention plate (2211) is higher than the upper edge of the sludge discharge port (224); The upper inclined plate (2221) has the long side of the trapezoid bottom edge arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction. The two sides of the upper inclined plate (2221) are connected to the inner sides of the two side faces (227) of the second flow-blocking mud hopper (222). Designating the side of the water inlet grid plate group (1) as the front, the upper inclined plate (2221) inclines backward, and the inclination angle is the same as the inclination angle of the four walls of the mud hopper, and the inclined plate spacing is equal; The flow-blocking inclined plate (2231) is an upper inclined plate (2221) with a rack on the bottom surface. The racks are parallel to the upper and lower bottom edges of the trapezoid of the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate (2231) and are arranged at equal intervals. The tooth surface inclines towards the shorter bottom side direction of the trapezoid relative to the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate (2231). Taking the bottom surface of the flow-blocking inclined plate (2231) as the horizontal plane, it inclines horizontally by 30 - 90°.

8. The shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface shape of the flow stabilization plate (41) is the same as the trapezoid of the cross-section of the finned inclined plate outdoor shell (24), and it has a thickness of 1 - 4 cm; the flow stabilization plate (41) is perpendicular to the axis of the finned inclined plate outdoor shell (24) and is placed inside the finned inclined plate outdoor shell (24), 20 - 200 mm behind the finned inclined plate group (23). The upper part and both sides are closely attached to the inner side of the water collection chamber outer shell (42), and the height is the same as that of the finned inclined plate outdoor shell (24); The front of the water collection chamber outer shell (42) is connected to the finned inclined plate outdoor shell (24); the upper part and both sides of the shell of the water collection chamber outer shell (42) are the same as the structure of the finned inclined plate outdoor shell (24); the rear part of the water collection chamber outer shell (42) is a trapezoidal inclined surface, which inclines forward with the shorter upper bottom side of the trapezoid as the axis, and the horizontal inclination angle is greater than 40°; a connection head (422) is provided on the rear inclined surface of the water collection chamber outer shell (42); the lower edge of the water collection chamber outer shell (42) is hermetically connected to the rear edge of the flow-blocking mud hopper group (22); In the middle of the top surface of the water collecting chamber housing (42), a float opening (421) is provided, and a raised edge that surrounds the float opening (421) is formed around the float opening (421), with a height 5 - 10 mm higher than the thickness of the limit float (32).

9. The shallow water dynamic sand removal water intake head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two side floats (31) are closely attached to both sides of the vane inclined plate chamber housing (24), and their height is the same as that of the vane inclined plate chamber housing (24). The surface where the designated flow - blocking mud hopper group (22) is located is defined as the lower surface, and the surface where the limit float is located is defined as the upper surface. The volume of the two side floats (31) gradually increases from bottom to top. The limit float (32) is a cylinder, and the shape of the bottom surface is the shape formed by the combination of the upper parts of the two side floats (31) and the upper part of the vane inclined plate chamber housing (24), and the bottom surface is placed above the vane inclined plate chamber housing (24).

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