A dust-suction fresh air system and a control method thereof

Abstract

A dust-absorbing fresh air system and a control method thereof relate to the technical field of fresh air devices and comprise a shell part, the outer surface of the shell part is respectively provided with an air inlet, an output pipeline and a control center, a turbine part and a cleaning part are arranged inside the shell part, one end of the turbine part is communicated with the air inlet and the other end is communicated with the output pipeline, the control center is used for controlling the operation of the whole equipment, the cleaning part is installed inside the shell part and is located between the air inlet and the turbine part, the turbine part comprises an annular wheel frame, a dehumidifier is installed on the outer surface of the annular wheel frame, the first end of the annular wheel frame is communicated with the air inlet and the second end of the annular wheel frame is communicated with the output pipeline, the first end and the second end are communicated through the dehumidifier or are communicated through a conical frame. When the wind passes through the dehumidifier for dehumidification, the dryness of the wind is ensured. When the wind enters through the gap of the conical frame, the air inlet efficiency is improved, and high-power air exchange is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fresh air device, in particular to a dust suction type fresh air system and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The conventional fresh air device is fixed in the pipeline section and the fan power, and the device maintains the indoor air quality through the preset air supply amount (such as 0.7-1 times of air exchange per hour), aiming to solve the low air exchange efficiency of the closed space. However, the constant air intake and the inability to perform secondary processing on the air have significant limitations in actual application, mainly in the following aspects:

[0003] 1. The constant air volume system cannot dynamically adjust the operating parameters according to the external environment (such as the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, humidity fluctuation) or the internal pollution level (such as the CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration). For example, when the factory needs to quickly replace the air inside the factory, the constant air volume cannot achieve rapid replacement.

[0004] 2. The air sucked in cannot be dehumidified. For example, in some southern or coastal areas, the air is humid, so the factory needs to replace dry air to ensure the dryness and rust prevention of the equipment in the field.

[0005] 3. The air sucked in cannot be dehumidified. In some areas with high pollution or dust, there is a high requirement for the cleanliness of the air sucked in. If there is too much dust in the air, it will cause more dust in the room, which will damage the machines.

[0006] In summary, therefore, a new air system is needed that can complete air dehumidification and dust removal, and can deliver different power air as needed. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a dust suction type fresh air system, which comprises a shell part, an air inlet, an output pipeline and a control center are arranged on the outer surface of the shell part;

[0008] A turbine part and a cleaning part are arranged inside the shell part, one end of the turbine part is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end is communicated with the output pipeline; the control center is used for controlling the operation of the whole equipment; the cleaning part is installed inside the shell part, and the cleaning part is located between the air inlet and the turbine part;

[0009] The turbine part comprises an annular wheel frame, a dehumidifier is mounted on the outer surface of the annular wheel frame, a conical frame is mounted in the annular wheel frame, and a shielding part is mounted in the gap on the outer surface of the conical frame; the first end of the annular wheel frame is communicated with the air inlet, and the second end of the annular wheel frame is communicated with the output pipeline; the first end and the second end are communicated through the dehumidifier or communicated through the conical frame.

[0010] Preferably, a screw rod is rotatably installed in the cone-shaped frame, one end of the screw rod is connected with the motor shaft of the third motor through a shaft coupling, and the third motor is fixedly installed on the second end surface of the annular wheel frame; the middle position of the shielding part is connected with the sliding block on the screw rod through a connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting support is installed on the inner side of the shell part, the limiting support is located on the outer surface of the annular wheel frame, and a gap is formed between the limiting support and the annular wheel frame; a rack is slidably installed on the limiting support, the rack is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the dehumidifier, a second gear that is in mesh with the rack is rotatably installed on the limiting support; adjacent second gears are drivingly connected through shaft couplings; one end of the rack away from the dehumidifier is connected with the piston rod of the first electric cylinder, and the first electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner side of the shell part.

[0012] Preferably, the turbine part further comprises a fixed plate connected with the shell part, first and third gears that are in mesh with each other are rotatably installed on the surface of the fixed plate; the first gear is drivingly connected with the first gear fixedly installed on the support of the fixed plate; the third gear away from the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the second end surface of the annular wheel frame.

[0013] Preferably, the dehumidifier comprises a dehumidifier shell, an inner cavity is arranged in the dehumidifier shell; a liquid outlet hole is arranged on the outer surface of the dehumidifier shell, the liquid outlet hole is in communication with the inner cavity, and a condenser pipe is arranged in the inner cavity; an air outlet and an air inlet gap are arranged on the surface of the dehumidifier shell, the air inlet gap is opposite to the condenser pipe, and the air outlet, the air inlet gap and the inner cavity are in communication.

[0014] Preferably, the turbine part further comprises an annular water accumulation tank, the annular water accumulation tank is located inside the shell part and on the outer surface of the dehumidifier, and the annular water accumulation tank is opposite to the liquid outlet hole.

[0015] Preferably, the cleaning part comprises a cleaning shell connected with the inner part of the shell part; a transmission-connected reel and a first motor are installed in the cleaning shell; a filter screen is wound on the reel; a cleaning wheel and a scraper are further arranged in the cleaning shell, the cleaning wheel is rotatably installed in the cleaning shell, the outer surface of the cleaning wheel is wrapped with the scraper, and the scraper is provided with chamfers at both ends; the filter screen passes through the gap between the two cleaning wheels and is wound on another reel.

[0016] Preferably, a cleaning plate is arranged in the cleaning shell, and the cleaning plate is installed on the outer surface of the scraper; the gap is formed between the two cleaning plates, and the gap is used for passing through the filter screen.

[0017] Preferably, one end of the filter screen away from the cleaning wheel is in the shape of "W".

[0018] A kind of dust-absorbing fresh air system control method, using the dust-absorbing fresh air system described above, including the following steps:

[0019] By controlling the working of the air extractor in the output pipeline, the wind enters the annular wheel frame from the air inlet, is dehumidified by the dehumidifier and then is output through the output pipeline;

[0020] When the ventilation volume needs to be increased, the third motor in the conical frame drives the lead screw to rotate and then drives the shielding part to move away from the conical frame, the wind enters the annular wheel frame from the air inlet, passes through the conical frame and is quickly output through the output pipeline;

[0021] When the maximum amount of wind is needed, the second motor of the turbine part drives the annular wheel frame to rotate and then drives the conical frame to rotate, the wind is stirred by the inclined plate inside the shielding part, passes through the conical frame and is quickly output through the output pipeline.

[0022] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present application has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. The present application includes a turbine part, which includes an annular wheel frame, a dehumidifier is installed on the outer surface of the annular wheel frame, a conical frame is installed inside the annular wheel frame, and a shielding part is installed in the gap on the outer surface of the conical frame; the first end of the annular wheel frame is in communication with the air inlet, and the second end of the annular wheel frame is in communication with the output pipeline; the first end and the second end are in communication through the dehumidifier or through the conical frame; when the wind passes through the dehumidifier for dehumidification, the dryness of the wind is ensured; when the wind enters through the gap of the conical frame, the air intake efficiency is improved, and high-power air exchange is realized.

[0024] 2. The present application realizes the winding of the filter screen by driving the reel to rotate through the first motor; during the winding of the filter screen, the cleaning plate is provided to serve as the first cleaning tool for the filter screen, and the relatively large impurities on the filter screen are scraped off by the cleaning plate, and the scraped impurities fall into the dust collection bin; when the filter screen passes through the cleaning wheels, the two cleaning wheels clean the two sides of the filter screen, and the dust on the cleaning wheels is scraped off by the scraper, and the scraped dust falls into the dust collection bin; when the dust collection bin is full, the dust collection bin is taken out for cleaning by manual operation, and the dust removal effect of air intake is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the front view angle of the overall structure of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the side view and the enlarged structure of the partial view of the overall structure of the present application.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the rear view angle of the overall structure of the present application.

[0028] Figure 4 Fig. 1 is a sectional view and a partial enlarged view of the overall structure of the present application.

[0029] Figure 5 Fig. 2 is a perspective sectional view and a partial enlarged view of the overall structure of the present application.

[0030] Figure 6 Fig. 3 is a structural view of the cleaning part of the present application.

[0031] Figure 7 Fig. 4 is a top view and a partial enlarged view of the cleaning part of the present application.

[0032] Figure 8 Fig. 5 is a view showing the position of the turbine part and the shell of the present application.

[0033] Figure 9 Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the turbine part of the present application.

[0034] Figure 10 Fig. 7 is a view showing the turbine part and the partial structure of the present application.

[0035] Figure 11 Fig. 8 is a structural view of the annular wheel frame of the present application.

[0036] Figure 12 Fig. 9 is a structural view of the dehumidifier of the present application.

[0037] Figure 13 Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the dehumidifier of the present application.

[0038] Figure 14 Fig. 11 is a structural view of the shielding part of the present application.

[0039] Figure 15 Fig. 12 is a view showing the control system of the present application.

[0040] Fig. 13 is a view showing the control system of the present application.

[0041] Fig. 14 is a view showing the control system of the present application.

[0042] 30, turbine part; 301, second motor; 302, first gear; 303, first electric cylinder; 304, rack; 305, limiting support; 306, second gear; 307, dehumidifier; 3071, dehumidifier shell; 3072, liquid outlet hole; 3073, inner cavity; 3074, air outlet; 3075, condenser pipe; 3076, air inlet gap; 308, ring wheel frame; 3081, first circular plate; 3082, second circular plate; 3083, connecting plate; 3084, communication hole; 309, conical frame; 310, shielding part; 3101, shielding rod; 3102, rubber plate; 3103, inclined plate; 3104, connecting rod; 311, fixed plate; 312, third gear; 313, third motor; 314, lead screw; 315, annular water collecting tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below by examples in conjunction with the drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited to the specific examples disclosed below.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "in", "out", "front", "back" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0045] Example 1.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 A dust-removing fresh air system, comprising a shell part 10, the shell part 10 comprising an outer shell 104, the outer shell 104 being a cuboid, the outer shell 104 being provided with a maintenance door 102, an air inlet 101 and a dust removal bin 103 at one end, the maintenance door 102 being located above the air inlet 101 and being used for maintaining the equipment, the air inlet 101 being provided with a second protective net 108, the second protective net 108 being used for filtering larger sundries such as leaves and plastic bags; the dust removal bin 103 is located below the air inlet 101 (see Figure 2 ); the outer shell 104 is provided with a control center 105 and an output pipeline 106 on the side far away from the air inlet 101, the control center 105 being located at the upper left of the output pipeline 106 (see Figure 3); the inlet of the output pipeline 106 is communicated with the shell 104, and the outlet of the output pipeline 106 is provided with the first protective screen 107; the output pipeline 106 is internally provided with the air extractor 109 (refer to Figure 4 ); the air extractor 109 is used for providing power to extract the air from the air inlet 101, and send the air out from the first protective screen 107 through the turbine part 30 and the output pipeline 106.

[0047] Referring to Figure 4 , the shell part 10 is internally provided with the turbine part 30, one end of the turbine part 30 is communicated with the air inlet 101, and the other end is communicated with the output pipeline 106; the control center 105 is used for controlling the operation of the whole device.

[0048] Referring to Figure 8 , the turbine part 30 comprises a ring-shaped wheel frame 308, the ring-shaped wheel frame 308 is externally provided with the dehumidifier 307, the ring-shaped wheel frame 308 is internally provided with the conical frame 309, and the conical frame 309 is externally provided with the shielding part 310 in the gap; the first end of the ring-shaped wheel frame 308 is communicated with the air inlet 101, and the second end of the ring-shaped wheel frame 308 is communicated with the output pipeline 106; the first end and the second end are communicated through the dehumidifier 307 or communicated through the conical frame 309. The air is dehumidified through the dehumidifier 307, thereby ensuring the dryness of the air.

[0049] Referring to Figure 9 , the conical frame 309 is rotatably provided with the lead screw 314, one end of the lead screw 314 is connected with the motor shaft of the third motor 313 through the shaft coupling, the other end is rotatably connected with the end part of the conical frame 309, and the third motor 313 is fixedly installed on the second end surface of the ring-shaped wheel frame 308; the shielding part 310 is connected with the sliding block on the lead screw 314 through the connecting rod 3104 at the middle position.

[0050] Referring to Figure 14 , the shielding part 310 comprises a shielding rod 3101, a rubber plate 3102, an inclined plate 3103 and a connecting rod 3104, the shielding rod 3101 is externally provided with the rubber plate 3102, when the shielding rod 3101 is opened, the rubber plate 3102 is in contact with the air inlet gap 3076, thereby sealing the air inlet gap 3076 and protecting the air inlet gap 3076; the connecting rod 3104 is rotatably installed on the inner surface of the rubber plate 3102 at the middle position, the other end of the connecting rod 3104 is rotatably connected with the sliding block on the lead screw 314, the inclined plate 3103 is arranged on the inner surface of the shielding rod 3101, and the inclined plate 3103 is used for stirring the air, thereby forming the turbine air.

[0051] Specifically, the third motor 313 drives the screw rod 314 to rotate, and then drives the sliding block to move along the screw rod 314 in the axial direction, thereby driving the shielding part 310 away from the conical frame 309, so that the air can enter the gap of the conical frame 309; or the shielding part 310 is driven to be attached to the gap of the conical frame 309, thereby sealing the gap of the conical frame 309.

[0052] With reference to Figure 8 , the housing part 10 is provided with a limiting support 305 on the inner side, the limiting support 305 is located on the outer surface of the annular wheel frame 308, and there is a gap between the limiting support 305 and the annular wheel frame 308; a rack 304 is slidably installed on the limiting support 305, the rack 304 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the dehumidifier 307, and a second gear 306 is rotatably installed on the limiting support 305 and meshes with the rack 304; the adjacent second gears 306 are drivingly connected through a shaft coupling; one end of the rack 304 away from the dehumidifier 307 is connected to the piston rod of the first electric cylinder 303, and the first electric cylinder 303 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the shell 104. Specifically, the first electric cylinder 303 is retracted to drive the rack 304 to move away from the annular wheel frame 308, thereby driving the second gear 306 to rotate, and the rotation of the second gear 306 drives all the second gears 306 to rotate through the shaft coupling, thereby driving all the racks 304 and the dehumidifier 307 to move away from the annular wheel frame 308, and the dehumidifier 307 is separated from the annular wheel frame 308, thereby facilitating the rotation of the annular wheel frame 308.

[0053] With reference to Figure 9 , the turbine part 30 further comprises a fixed plate 311 connected to the housing part 10, the fixed plate 311 is rotatably provided with a first gear 302 and a third gear 312 which mesh with each other on the surface; the first gear 302 is drivingly connected to the second motor 301 fixedly installed on the support of the fixed plate 311; the third gear 312 is fixedly connected to the second end surface of the annular wheel frame 308 away from the fixed plate 311.

[0054] With reference to Figure 11 , the annular wheel frame 308 is formed by connecting the first circular ring plate 3081 and the second circular ring plate 3082 through the connecting plate 3083, and the inside of the annular wheel frame 308 is conical, the inside space near the first circular ring plate 3081 is small, there is a gap between the adjacent connecting plates 3083, and the adjacent connecting plates 3083 are used for installing the dehumidifier 307; a plurality of communication holes 3084 arranged in a circular array are arranged on the first circular ring plate 3081, and the communication holes 3084 are in communication with the air outlet 3074.

[0055] Specifically, the first gear 302 is driven to rotate by the second motor 301, the third gear 312 is driven to rotate by the first gear 302, and the annular wheel frame 308, the conical frame 309 and the shielding part 310 are driven to rotate by the third gear 312, thereby realizing turbine air suction and improving the efficiency of the entering air.

[0056] With reference to Figure 12 , the dehumidifier 307 comprises a dehumidifier shell 3071, and an inner cavity 3073 is arranged in the dehumidifier shell 3071; the outer surface of the dehumidifier shell 3071 is provided with a liquid outlet hole 3072, the liquid outlet hole 3072 is in communication with the inner cavity 3073, and a condenser pipe 3075 is arranged in the inner cavity 3073; the surface of the dehumidifier shell 3071 is provided with an air outlet 3074 and an air inlet gap 3076 (with reference to Figure 13 ), the air inlet gap 3076 is opposite to the condenser pipe 3075, and the air outlet 3074, the air inlet gap 3076 and the inner cavity 3073 are in communication.

[0057] Further, the side surface of the dehumidifier shell 3071 is not blocked, so that when a plurality of dehumidifier shells 3071 are installed on the outer surface of the annular wheel frame 308, they are in communication, and the two ends of the condenser pipe 3075 are in communication with the condensing liquid input pipe and the condensing liquid output pipe of the condensing system respectively, thereby realizing the circulation of the condensing liquid (which can be freon) and completing the dehumidification of the air; the air enters the inner cavity 3073 by passing through the condenser pipe 3075 after entering through the air inlet gap 3076, and then enters the output pipe 106 through the air outlet 3074, and the condensing water enters the annular water tank 315 through the liquid outlet hole 3072.

[0058] With reference to Figure 5 , the turbine part 30 further comprises an annular water tank 315, which is located inside the shell part 10 and on the outer surface of the dehumidifier 307, and the annular water tank 315 is opposite to the liquid outlet hole 3072. The condensing water in the liquid outlet hole 3072 enters the annular water tank 315, which is convenient for collection and treatment.

[0059] With reference to Figure 4 , the dust-cleaning fresh air system further comprises a cleaning part 20, which is installed inside the shell part 10 and between the air inlet 101 and the turbine part 30. The cleaning part 20 is used to remove dust and sundries on the scraper 205, thereby improving the quality of the entering air.

[0060] With reference to Figure 6, the cleaning part 20 comprises a cleaning shell 201 connected with the inside of the shell part 10; a reel 202 and a first motor 203 are installed inside the cleaning shell 201, and the reel 202 and the first motor 203 are in transmission connection; a filter screen 207 is wound on the reel 202; the cleaning shell 201 is further provided with a cleaning wheel 206 and a scraper 205, the cleaning wheel 206 is rotatably installed inside the cleaning shell 201, the scraper 205 is wrapped on the outer surface of the cleaning wheel 206, and the scraper 205 is provided with a chamfer at both ends; the filter screen 207 is wound on the other reel 202 through the gap between the two cleaning wheels 206. Figure 7 , the scraper 205 is installed in close contact with the outer surface of the cleaning wheel 206, chamfers are arranged at both ends of the cleaning wheel 206, and the impurities adhering to the surface of the cleaning wheel 206 are scraped off by the scraper 205, so that the scraper 205 is cleaned.

[0061] Reference Figure 7 , the cleaning shell 201 is provided with a cleaning plate 204, the cleaning plate 204 is installed on the outer surface of the scraper 205; the gap is arranged near the two cleaning plates 204, and the gap is used for passing through the filter screen 207; one end of the filter screen 207 away from the cleaning wheel 206 is in the shape of "W". By arranging the cleaning plate 204, the cleaning plate 204 serves as a first cleaning tool for the filter screen 207, the relatively large impurities on the filter screen 207 are scraped off by the cleaning plate 204, the scraped impurities fall into the dust removal bin 103, and the collection of the impurities is realized.

[0062] Working principle:

[0063] Mode one: when the air volume is small, the air enters the annular wheel frame 308 from the air inlet 101, is dehumidified by the condenser pipe 3075 in the dehumidifier 307 (the air enters from the air inlet gap 3076, passes through the condenser pipe 3075 for dehumidification, and then enters the communication hole 3084 from the air outlet 3074, and the communication hole 3084 is communicated with the output pipe 106), and is output through the output pipe 106, and the output air is dry air.

[0064] Mode two: when the air volume needs to be increased, the third motor 313 in the conical frame 309 is driven to rotate the lead screw 314, and then the shielding part 310 is driven to move away from the conical frame 309, so that the gap in the conical frame 309 is opened, the air enters the annular wheel frame 308 from the air inlet 101, and is quickly output through the output pipe 106.

[0065] Mode three: when the maximum air volume is needed, the first cylinder 303 is contracted to drive the rack 304 box to move away from the annular wheel frame 308 direction (reference Figure 10This, in turn, drives the second gear 306 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 306, via the coupling, drives all the second gears 306 to rotate, which in turn drives all the racks 304 and dehumidifiers 307 to move away from the annular frame 308, thus facilitating the rotation of the annular frame 308. At the same time, the third motor 313 in the conical frame 309 works to drive the lead screw 314 to rotate, which in turn drives the shielding part 310 to move away from the conical frame 309, opening the gap on the conical frame 309. The second motor 301 drives the first gear 302 to rotate, and the first gear 302 drives the third gear 312, which in turn drives the annular frame 308, the conical frame 309, and the shielding part 310 to rotate, thus realizing turbine suction and maximizing the efficiency of the incoming air.

[0066] In the three modes described above, the first motor 203 drives the roller 202 to rotate, thereby achieving the winding of the filter screen 207. During the winding process of the filter screen 207, a cleaning plate 204 is set up to serve as the first cleaning tool for the filter screen 207. The cleaning plate 204 scrapes off larger impurities on the filter screen 207, and the scraped-off debris falls into the dust collection chamber 103. Then, when the filter screen 207 passes through the cleaning wheels 206, the two cleaning wheels 206 clean both sides of the filter screen 207. The cleaned dust on the cleaning wheels 206 is scraped off by the scraper 205, and the scraped-off dust falls into the dust collection chamber 103. When the dust collection chamber 103 is full, it is manually removed for cleaning.

[0067] This embodiment also includes a control center 105, such as Figure 15 As shown, the control center 105 includes a main controller, a human-machine interface display screen, an information transmission module, a storage module, and a power supply module. The control center 105 is electrically connected to the human-machine interface display screen, the information transmission module, the storage module, the power supply module, as well as the first motor 203, the second motor 301, the first electric cylinder 303, and the third motor 313. The control center 105 is used to control the operation of the entire vacuum-type fresh air system. The human-machine interface display screen is used to set the switching between the three modes in the vacuum-type fresh air system. The power supply module is used to provide a stable power supply to the control terminal. The storage module is used to store the operating information data of the entire silencer device.

[0068] Example 2.

[0069] A method for controlling a vacuum-type fresh air system, using the vacuum-type fresh air system of Example 1, includes the following steps:

[0070] The exhaust fan 109 in the output pipe 106 is controlled by the control center 105. Air enters the annular frame 308 from the air inlet 101, is dehumidified by the dehumidifier 307, and is then output through the output pipe 106.

[0071] When the air volume needs to be increased, the third motor 313 in the conical frame 309 drives the lead screw 314 to rotate and in turn drives the shielding part 310 to move away from the conical frame 309, the air enters the annular wheel frame 308 from the air inlet 101, passes through the conical frame 309 and is quickly output through the output pipeline 106;

[0072] When the maximum air volume is needed, the second motor 301 of the turbine part 30 drives the annular wheel frame 308 to rotate, in turn drives the conical frame 309 to rotate, the air is stirred by the inclined plate 3103 inside the shielding part 310, passes through the conical frame 309 and is quickly output through the output pipeline 106.

Claims

1. A dust-adsorbing fresh air system, characterized in that, The shell part (10) is provided with an air inlet (101), an output pipeline (106) and a control center (105) on the outer surface respectively; The shell part (10) is provided with a turbine part (30) and a cleaning part (20) inside, one end of the turbine part (30) is communicated with the air inlet (101), the other end is communicated with the output pipeline (106); the control center (105) is used for controlling the whole equipment operation; the cleaning part (20) is installed inside the shell part (10), and the cleaning part (20) is located between the air inlet (101) and the turbine part (30); The turbine part (30) includes an annular wheel frame (308), a dehumidifier (307) is installed on the outer surface of the annular wheel frame (308), a conical frame (309) is installed inside the annular wheel frame (308), and a shielding part (310) is installed in the gap of the outer surface of the conical frame (309); the first end of the annular wheel frame (308) is communicated with the air inlet (101), and the second end of the annular wheel frame (308) is communicated with the output pipeline (106); the first end and the second end are communicated through the dehumidifier (307); A lead screw (314) is rotatably installed in the conical frame (309), one end of the lead screw (314) is connected with the motor shaft of a third motor (313) through a shaft coupling, and the third motor (313) is fixedly installed on the second end surface of the annular wheel frame (308); the shielding part (310) is connected with the sliding block on the lead screw (314) through the connecting rod (3104) at the middle position; when the ventilation volume needs to be increased, the third motor (313) in the conical frame (309) drives the lead screw (314) to rotate and further drives the shielding part (310) to move away from the conical frame (309), and the first end of the annular wheel frame (308) and the second end of the annular wheel frame (308) are communicated through the conical frame (309).

2. The dust extraction fresh air system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting support (305) is installed inside the shell part (10), the limiting support (305) is located on the outer surface of the annular wheel frame (308), and there is a gap between the limiting support (305) and the annular wheel frame (308); a rack (304) is slidably installed on the limiting support (305), the rack (304) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the dehumidifier (307), a second gear (306) which is meshed with the rack (304) is rotatably installed on the limiting support (305); adjacent second gears (306) are drivingly connected through shaft couplings; one end of the rack (304) away from the dehumidifier (307) is connected with the piston rod of a first cylinder (303), and the first cylinder (303) is fixedly installed inside the shell part (10).

3. The dust extraction fresh air system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The turbine part (30) further comprises a fixed plate (311) connected with the shell part (10), a first gear (302) and a third gear (312) are rotatably installed on the surface of the fixed plate (311) and are in mesh with each other; the first gear (302) is in transmission connection with the first gear (302) fixedly installed on the support of the fixed plate (311); the third gear (312) is fixedly connected with the second end surface of the annular wheel frame (308) away from the fixed plate (311).

4. The dust extraction fresh air system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dehumidifier (307) comprises a dehumidifier shell (3071), an inner cavity (3073) is arranged in the dehumidifier shell (3071); a liquid outlet hole (3072) is arranged on the outer surface of the dehumidifier shell (3071) and is in communication with the inner cavity (3073), and a condenser pipe (3075) is arranged in the inner cavity (3073); an air outlet (3074) and an air inlet gap (3076) are arranged on the surface of the dehumidifier shell (3071), the air inlet gap (3076) is opposite to the condenser pipe (3075), and the air outlet (3074), the air inlet gap (3076) and the inner cavity (3073) are in communication.

5. The dust extraction fresh air system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The turbine part (30) further comprises an annular water collecting groove (315), the annular water collecting groove (315) is located in the inner part of the shell part (10) and on the outer surface of the dehumidifier (307), and the annular water collecting groove (315) is opposite to the liquid outlet hole (3072).

6. The dust extraction fresh air system of claim 1, wherein, The cleaning part (20) comprises a cleaning shell (201) connected with the inner part of the shell part (10); a reel (202) and a first motor (203) are rotatably installed in the cleaning shell (201); a filter screen (207) is wound on the reel (202); a cleaning wheel (206) and a scraper (205) are further arranged in the cleaning shell (201), the cleaning wheel (206) is rotatably installed in the cleaning shell (201), the scraper (205) is wrapped on the outer surface of the cleaning wheel (206), and the scraper (205) is provided with chamfers at two ends; the filter screen (207) is wound on another reel (202) through the gap between the two cleaning wheels (206).

7. The dust extraction fresh air system according to claim 6, wherein, A cleaning plate (204) is arranged in the cleaning shell (201), and the cleaning plate (204) is installed on the outer surface of the scraper (205); the gap is arranged at the position close to the two cleaning plates (204), and the gap is used for passing the filter screen (207).

8. The dust extraction fresh air system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter screen (207) is in "W" shape at the end away from the cleaning wheel (206).

9. A method for controlling a dust-adsorbing fresh air system, characterized by, The dust collection type fresh air system comprises the following steps: The dust collection type fresh air system comprises the following steps: When the air volume needs to be increased, the third motor (313) in the conical frame (309) drives the lead screw (314) to rotate and further drives the shielding part (310) to move away from the conical frame (309), the air enters the annular wheel frame (308) from the air inlet (101), passes through the conical frame (309) and is quickly output through the output pipeline (106); When the maximum air volume is needed, the second motor (301) of the turbine part (30) drives the annular wheel frame (308) to rotate, and further drives the conical frame (309) to rotate, the air is stirred by the inclined plate (3103) inside the shielding part (310), passes through the conical frame (309) and is quickly output through the output pipeline (106).

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