A long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system and method, and belongs to the technical field of mine ventilation. The long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system comprises a positive pressure air supply system and a negative pressure dirty air recovery system. The positive pressure air supply system is used for supplying fresh air flow to a working face. The negative pressure dirty air recovery system is used for monitoring the air quality in a roadway and discharging the contaminated air in the roadway. The application solves the problem that the prior art cannot perform good local ventilation in roadway single heading or stope application. The application realizes intelligent recovery of toxic and harmful gases such as dirty air in an ultra-long-distance single heading transportation roadway and tail gas of trackless equipment through reasonable arrangement of a wind cylinder and a local fan and effective cooperation with a gas monitoring sensor, thereby creating a good ventilation working environment underground and reducing the occurrence of occupational diseases of underground workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine ventilation technology, specifically to an intelligent system and method for recovering polluted air in long-distance tunneling roadways. Background Technology

[0002] As mining depths increase, ultra-long-distance tunneling operations are becoming more common. Adding temporary ventilation measures can effectively improve the working environment, but due to long design cycles, high construction difficulty, and large investments, these measures often fail to meet the short-term operational needs of mines. Currently, the common solution to this problem is to connect ventilation ducts and local fans in series, which not only consumes a lot of energy but also makes it difficult to guarantee effective ventilation.

[0003] Local ventilation presents significant problems in single-heading tunnel excavation or mining area ventilation applications, primarily manifested in the following ways: unreasonable air intake locations for local ventilation fans, making them susceptible to dust pollution from industrial operations; improper connection methods for the ductwork of relay-type local ventilation fans, leading to the recirculation of polluted air; improper ductwork connections, resulting in leaks and insufficient airflow to the working face; forced-draft local ventilation outlets being too far from the working face, reaching 30m-50m in some mines, failing to guarantee effective local ventilation; in long-distance single-heading tunneling operations, some mines only use forced-draft local ventilation without exhaust-type local return air facilities, resulting in slow diffusion of polluted air in the working area and severe accumulation of polluted air in the tunnels; and most mines failing to design local ventilation schemes.

[0004] Existing local ventilation fans and duct layouts, such as forced in, extracted, and mixed types, are insufficient to meet the ventilation requirements of ultra-long single-heading tunneling transport roadways. If the local ventilation design is inadequate, polluted air can easily accumulate in the transport roadway, which not only affects the visibility of trackless equipment drivers and can easily cause accidents, but also poses a great threat to the health of other workers in the transport roadway. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent system and method for recovering polluted air in long-distance tunneling roadways. By rationally arranging ventilation ducts and local fans and effectively cooperating with gas monitoring sensors, the system can intelligently recover polluted air and toxic and harmful gases such as exhaust gas from trackless equipment in ultra-long-distance single-heading tunneling and transportation roadways, creating a good ventilation working environment underground, reducing the occurrence of occupational diseases among underground workers, and solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] A smart waste air recovery system for long-distance tunneling includes a positive pressure air supply system and a negative pressure waste air recovery system, characterized in that:

[0007] The positive pressure air supply system is used to supply fresh air to the working face. The positive pressure air supply system includes a positive pressure air duct and a positive pressure fan. Several positive pressure fans are connected in series on the positive pressure air duct. The interface between the positive pressure air duct and the positive pressure fans is a sealed connection.

[0008] The negative pressure waste air recovery system is used to monitor the air quality in the roadway and discharge the polluted air in the roadway. The negative pressure waste air recovery system includes a negative pressure duct, a negative pressure local fan, a multi-parameter gas sensor, a local fan start / stop controller, an intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation for mining, and an intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining. Negative pressure local fans are installed at intervals on the negative pressure duct, and each negative pressure local fan is equipped with a multi-parameter gas sensor and a local fan start / stop controller.

[0009] Preferably, the positive pressure duct has larger dimensions than the negative pressure duct, and the positive pressure fan has larger dimensions than the negative pressure fan; the dimensions of the positive and negative pressure fans refer to wind pressure, air volume, power, air delivery distance, and diameter; the dimensions of the positive and negative pressure ducts refer to their diameter.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-parameter gas sensor, the local fan start / stop controller, the intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation for mining, and the intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining are connected by optical fiber.

[0011] Preferably, the monitoring parameters in the multi-parameter gas sensor include, but are not limited to, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NH3, and dust.

[0012] Preferably, the intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation for mining is used to receive and process gas monitoring data from various multi-parameter gas sensors, and the intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining is used for equipment management connected to the intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation underground, enabling data acquisition, analysis, and signal discrimination.

[0013] An operation method for an intelligent wastewater and air recovery system for long-distance tunneling, based on such a system, includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: During long-distance underground tunneling operations, the positive pressure ventilation duct and positive pressure local fan in the tunnel are in the default state of being always open. Multi-parameter gas sensors monitor the environmental parameters in the tunnel and obtain gas concentration values.

[0015] Step 2: The multi-parameter gas sensors collect the gas concentration values ​​and send them to the intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation for mining. The intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation summarizes the environmental parameter monitoring results of each work point uploaded by the multi-parameter gas sensors and transmits them to the intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining. The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet analyzes, processes, and judges the data before sending out a signal.

[0016] Step 3: The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining transmits an on or off signal to the local fan start / stop controller closest to the multi-parameter gas sensor, and controls the opening and closing status of the negative pressure local fan through the local fan start / stop controller.

[0017] Step 4: After the negative pressure fan has been running for a certain period of time, the multi-parameter gas sensor will monitor the gas concentration in the surrounding air again and determine whether to turn off the negative pressure fan based on the gas concentration.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. In this invention, the negative pressure ventilation ducts are relayed by negative pressure fans at intervals, which can not only exhaust the polluted air from the working face, but also collect and exhaust the exhaust gas of trackless equipment in the transport roadway, effectively improve the air quality in the single-heading tunnel, reduce occupational disease pathogens, and provide a guarantee for safe production in the mine.

[0020] 2. This invention uses a multi-parameter gas sensor to monitor the air quality in a single-ended tunnel in real time. The monitoring results are transmitted to an intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation and an intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet. After signal recognition and processing, the start / stop signals are fed back to the negative pressure fans, enabling automatic start and stop of the negative pressure fans. When the air quality in a local tunnel is poor, the nearby negative pressure fans will automatically start in time to discharge the polluted air. During non-concentrated operation periods, when the air quality in a local tunnel is good, only the negative pressure fans near the working face will start, and the fans in the transport tunnel will automatically shut down. The polluted air will be discharged through natural diffusion, achieving an energy-saving effect.

[0021] 3. This invention fully considers the complexity of the mine site. The spacing between the negative pressure ventilation duct and the local fan is flexible and not restricted by fixed rules, and can be adjusted according to actual needs. In addition, the design of the ventilation duct size in the system ensures both the air supply efficiency of the positive pressure ventilation duct to the working face and the effective recovery of polluted air by the negative pressure ventilation duct, reflecting precise control of the airflow direction in the roadway.

[0022] 4. The invention has a compact overall design, is easy to install and debug, facilitates rapid deployment, and meets the needs of short-term operations in mines. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the system operation of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Positive pressure ventilation duct; 2. Positive pressure local fan; 3. Negative pressure ventilation duct; 4. Negative pressure local fan; 5. Multi-parameter gas sensor; 6. Local fan start / stop controller; 7. Intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation for mining; 8. Intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] To address the issue that existing technologies cannot provide adequate local ventilation in single-heading tunnel excavation or stope applications, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-2 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0028] A smart waste air recovery system for long-distance tunneling includes a positive pressure air supply system and a negative pressure waste air recovery system, characterized in that:

[0029] The positive pressure air supply system is used to supply fresh air to the working face. The positive pressure air supply system includes a positive pressure air duct 1 and a positive pressure fan 2. Several positive pressure fans 2 are connected in series on the positive pressure air duct 1. The interface between the positive pressure air duct 1 and the positive pressure fans 2 is a sealed connection. The positive pressure fans 2 are normally open by default.

[0030] The negative pressure waste air recovery system is used to monitor the air quality in the roadway and discharge the polluted air in the roadway. The negative pressure waste air recovery system includes a negative pressure duct 3, a negative pressure local fan 4, a multi-parameter gas sensor 5, a local fan start / stop controller 6, an intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation for mining 7, and an intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining 8. Negative pressure local fans 4 are spaced apart on the negative pressure duct 3 to relay the recovery of waste air. Each negative pressure local fan 4 is equipped with a multi-parameter gas sensor 5 and a local fan start / stop controller 6. The local fan start / stop controller 6 controls the start / stop status of the negative pressure local fan 4 based on the monitoring data of the multi-parameter gas sensor 5.

[0031] The dimensions of positive pressure ventilation duct 1 are larger than those of negative pressure ventilation duct 3, and the dimensions of positive pressure local fan 2 are larger than those of negative pressure local fan 4. The dimensions of positive pressure local fan 2 and negative pressure local fan 4 refer to wind pressure, air volume, power, air delivery distance, and diameter. The dimensions of positive pressure ventilation duct 1 and negative pressure ventilation duct 3 refer to their diameters. This is to ensure that the airflow direction in the tunnel is positive pressure ventilation duct 1 → working face → tunnel & negative pressure ventilation duct 3 → return air tunnel & surface. Exhaust gas from trackless equipment in the tunnel can be discharged with negative pressure ventilation duct 3, and can also be discharged through natural diffusion.

[0032] The multi-parameter gas sensor 5, the local fan start / stop controller 6, the intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation for mining 7, and the intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining 8 are connected by optical fiber.

[0033] The monitoring parameters in the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 include, but are not limited to, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NH3 and dust, and the specific parameters should be determined according to the actual situation at the mine site.

[0034] The intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation 7 is used to receive and process the gas monitoring data from the multi-parameter gas sensors 5. The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet 8 is used for equipment management connected to the intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation 7 underground, enabling data acquisition, analysis, and signal discrimination.

[0035] An operation method for an intelligent wastewater and air recovery system for long-distance tunneling, based on such a system, includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: During long-distance underground tunneling operations, both the positive pressure ventilation duct 1 and the positive pressure local fan 2 in the roadway are in the default normally open state. The multi-parameter gas sensor 5 monitors the environmental parameters in the roadway and obtains gas concentration values ​​F including but not limited to CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NH3, and dust. x n , where x is the gas type and n is the location tag of the multi-parameter gas sensor 5, used to locate the nearest negative pressure ventilation duct 3, negative pressure local fan 4 and local fan start / stop controller 6 in the roadway;

[0037] Step 2: The multi-parameter gas sensor 5 collects the gas concentration values ​​{F}. n Co, F n Co2, F n No. F n No.2, ...F n x} data is collected at intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation 7 in the mine, and the various data are shown below:

[0038]

[0039] The intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation 7 for mining summarizes the environmental parameter monitoring results of each work point uploaded by the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 and transmits them to the intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet 8 for mining. The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet 8 sends out a signal after data analysis, processing and discrimination.

[0040] The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet 8 for mining analyzes and judges the data collected by the intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation 7 for mining. The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet 8 needs to pre-set the monitoring thresholds for various environmental parameters. This embodiment takes the dust limits specified in the "Safety Regulations for Metal and Non-metal Mines" (GB16423) as an example, proposing that ① when free SiO2 ≥ 80%, the time-weighted average concentration limit for total dust is 0.5 mg / m³. 3 ② When the free SiO2 content is 50% ≤ SiO2 ≤ 80%, the time-weighted average concentration limit for total dust is 0.7 mg / m³.3 ③ When the free SiO2 content is 10% ≤ SiO2 ≤ 50%, the time-weighted average concentration limit for total dust is 1 mg / m³. 3 ④ When free SiO2 < 10%, the time-weighted average concentration limit for total dust is 4 mg / m³. 3 ;

[0041] The warning concentration threshold of the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 can be reduced according to the actual situation, but it shall not exceed the relevant regulations.

[0042] Step 3: The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet 8 transmits an on or off signal to the local fan start / stop controller 6, which is closest to the multi-parameter gas sensor 5, and controls the opening and closing status of the negative pressure local fan 4 through the local fan start / stop controller 6.

[0043] Step 4: After the negative pressure fan 4 has been running for a certain period of time, the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 will monitor the gas concentration in the surrounding air again and determine whether to turn off the negative pressure fan 4 based on the gas concentration.

[0044] This embodiment specifies that the free SiO2 content in a certain mine is within the range of 50% ≤ SiO2 ≤ 80%, and the time-weighted average concentration limit for total dust is 0.7 mg / m³. 3 .

[0045] The dust concentration at point a in the roadway monitored by the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 was F. 粉尘 a If F 粉尘 a ≤0.7mg / m 3 The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining uses 8 connects to the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 and the nearest local fan start / stop controller 6 [F]. a Transmitting an "OFF" signal, negative pressure local fan 4 [F] a [Keep it off; if F] 粉尘 a >0.7mg / m 3 The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining uses 8 connects to the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 and the nearest local fan start / stop controller 6 [F]. a Transmitting the "ON" signal, negative pressure local fan 4 [F] a [Activation] allows for timely collection and removal of dust from the tunnel.

[0046] Negative pressure fan 4[F a After the start time T, the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 again detected a dust concentration of F at point a in the roadway. 粉尘 a At this time, F 粉尘 a For negative pressure local fan 4 [F aThe verification concentration reflecting the reduction of dust in the roadway after the start time T is added with a timestamp "`" for distinction. If F 粉尘 a ≤0.7*αmg / m 3 The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining applications has 8 fan start / stop controllers 6[F] a Transmitting an "OFF" signal, negative pressure local fan 4 [F] a [Close]; if F 粉尘 a >0.7*αmg / m 3 The intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet for mining applications has 8 fan start / stop controllers 6[F] a Transmitting the "ON" signal, negative pressure local fan 4 [F] a [Keep it on to continuously collect and discharge dust from the tunnel, repeating the cycle until F] 粉尘 a ≤0.7*αmg / m 3 .

[0047] The above α refers to the negative pressure local fan 4[F] in this embodiment. a The verification concentration coefficient reflecting the reduction of dust concentration in the roadway after the opening time T is set to α = 0.7 in this embodiment;

[0048] The concentration coefficient α is used to measure the degree of improvement in air quality within the tunnel, to prevent temporary F x n` Meeting the threshold requirement, F in the short term x n Exceeding the limit again, avoid negative pressure partial fan 4 [F] a Frequent start-ups and shutdowns can damage equipment, therefore α should be less than 1. Mines should set it according to their actual conditions.

[0049] The concentration coefficient α includes, but is not limited to, reflecting the reduction of dust concentration in the roadway. Specifically, it is based on the types of gas parameters included in the multi-parameter gas sensor 5. The concentration coefficient α of each gas may be different. The mine should set it according to the actual situation, but it should not be greater than 1 and should not contradict the relevant regulations.

[0050] Working principle: During long-distance underground tunneling operations, both the positive pressure ventilation duct 1 and the positive pressure local fan 2 in the tunnel are in the default normally open state. The multi-parameter gas sensor 5 monitors the environmental parameters in the tunnel and obtains the gas concentration values. The multi-parameter gas sensor 5 collects the gas concentration values ​​and sends them to the intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation 7. The intrinsically safe gas monitoring substation 7 summarizes the environmental parameter monitoring results of each work point uploaded by the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 and transmits them to the intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet 8. After data analysis, processing and discrimination, the intrinsically safe PLC control cabinet 8 transmits an open or closed signal to the local fan start / stop controller 6 closest to the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 to control the opening and closing state of the negative pressure local fan 4. After the negative pressure local fan 4 is open for a certain period of time, the multi-parameter gas sensor 5 monitors the dust concentration in the surrounding air again and determines whether to close the negative pressure local fan 4 based on the dust concentration.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system, comprising a positive pressure air supply system and a negative pressure dirty air recovery system, characterized in that: the positive pressure air supply system is used to supply fresh air flow to the working face, the positive pressure air supply system comprises a positive pressure air duct (1) and a positive pressure local fan (2), a plurality of positive pressure local fans (2) are arranged in series on the positive pressure air duct (1), and the interface between the positive pressure air duct (1) and the positive pressure local fan (2) is a sealed connection; the negative pressure dirty air recovery system is used to monitor the air quality in the roadway and discharge the contaminated air in the roadway, the negative pressure dirty air recovery system comprises a negative pressure air duct (3), a negative pressure local fan (4), a multi-parameter gas sensor (5), a local fan start-stop controller (6), a mine intrinsic safety type gas monitoring substation (7) and a mine intrinsic safety type PLC control cabinet (8), the negative pressure local fans (4) are arranged at intervals on the negative pressure air duct (3), and each negative pressure local fan (4) is provided with a multi-parameter gas sensor (5) and a local fan start-stop controller (6).

2. The long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specification size of the positive pressure air duct (1) is larger than that of the negative pressure air duct (3), and the specification size of the positive pressure local fan (2) is larger than that of the negative pressure local fan (4); the specification size of the positive pressure local fan (2) and the negative pressure local fan (4) refers to air pressure, air volume, power, air supply distance and diameter; the specification size of the positive pressure air duct (1) and the negative pressure air duct (3) refers to diameter.

3. The long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-parameter gas sensor (5), the local fan start-stop controller (6), the mine intrinsic safety type gas monitoring substation (7) and the mine intrinsic safety type PLC control cabinet (8) are connected through an optical cable.

4. The long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring parameters in the multi-parameter gas sensor (5) include but are not limited to CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NH3 and dust.

5. The long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mine intrinsic safety type gas monitoring substation (7) is used to receive and process the gas monitoring data of each multi-parameter gas sensor (5), and the mine intrinsic safety type PLC control cabinet (8) is used for underground equipment management connected to the mine intrinsic safety type gas monitoring substation (7), realizing data acquisition, analysis and signal discrimination.

6. A method for operating a long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system, based on the long-distance tunneling roadway dirty air intelligent recovery system of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The steps include: Step one, during the long-distance tunneling operation underground, the positive pressure air duct (1) and the positive pressure local fan (2) in the roadway are in the default open state, and the multi-parameter gas sensor (5) monitors the environmental parameters in the roadway and obtains the gas concentration value; Step two, the multi-parameter gas sensor (5) collects the collected gas concentration value to the mine intrinsic safety type gas monitoring substation (7), the mine intrinsic safety type gas monitoring substation (7) collects and transmits the environmental parameter monitoring results of each working point uploaded by each multi-parameter gas sensor (5) to the mine intrinsic safety type PLC control cabinet (8), and the mine intrinsic safety type PLC control cabinet (8) sends a signal after data analysis and processing; Step three, the mine intrinsic safety type PLC control cabinet (8) transmits an opening or closing signal to the local fan start-stop controller (6) closest to the multi-parameter gas sensor (5), and controls the opening and closing state of the negative pressure local fan (4) through the local fan start-stop controller (6). Step four, after the negative pressure local fan (4) is opened for a certain time, the multi-parameter gas sensor (5) again monitors the gas concentration of the surrounding air, and determines whether to close the negative pressure local fan (4) according to the gas concentration.

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