Reflection type high-power condensation system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a reflective high-power condensation system and a reflective high-power condensation method. The system includes a reflective focusing module, a tracking module, a support structure, and a solar receiver. The tracking module comprises a flange plate, an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism, a pitch angle adjusting mechanism and a position moving mechanism. The solar receiver is installed on a sliding block of the pitch angle adjusting mechanism. According to the invention, the solar receiver is installed on the tracking module capable of providing three-dimensional movement, so that by adjusting the position and posture of the solar receiver, the focused sunlight is accurately irradiated on the solar receiver to improve the condensation rate, high optical precision and light spot uniformity are kept under high-power condensation, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved. The hollow azimuth angle adjusting mechanism is designed based on the hollow worm gear, the pitch angle adjusting mechanism and the position moving mechanism are designed at the bottom of the center hole of the hollow worm gear, and the high integration level of the three-dimensional tracking structure is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy concentration, and particularly relates to a reflective high-concentration solar system and method. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy concentration technology focuses incident sunlight through optical elements, significantly improving energy density and conversion efficiency, and has become one of the core technologies in the fields of photovoltaic and solar thermal applications. Existing concentration systems mainly adopt refractive or reflective structures: refractive systems rely on lenses to achieve concentration, but are limited by material dispersion effects and the cost of high-transparency materials, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-magnification concentration; although reflective systems have cost advantages, under high-concentration conditions, the problems of spot uniformity and optical tracking accuracy are particularly prominent. Existing reflective concentration devices cooperate a single reflective mirror with a fixed receiver, which simplifies the system structure, but its static receiver cannot dynamically compensate for the offset of the solar azimuth angle, resulting in an increase in the cumulative error of spot offset and a significant decrease in concentration efficiency over the operating time.

[0003] Existing reflective systems have the following technical bottlenecks: firstly, under high-concentration conditions, the reflective optical path is prone to spot distortion due to fluctuations in the atmospheric refractive index, and it is difficult for a single reflective mirror to achieve secondary optical optimization; secondly, the position of the receiver is fixed and cannot adapt to the drift of the focused spot in real time. These defects severely restrict the practical application process of reflective concentration systems. Especially in strong irradiation areas such as deserts and plateaus, insufficient optical tracking accuracy will directly lead to energy loss and the risk of equipment hot spots. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reflective high-concentration solar system and method, which achieve high optical accuracy and spot uniformity under high-concentration conditions through the optimized design of the tracking module and the focusing scheme combining reflection and transmission.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a reflective high-concentration solar system, including a reflection focusing module, a tracking module, a support structure, and a solar receiver. The tracking module is connected to the reflection focusing module through the support structure.

[0006] The tracking module includes a flange, an azimuth angle adjustment mechanism, a pitch angle adjustment mechanism, and a position movement mechanism. The azimuth angle adjustment mechanism is installed on the flange; the pitch angle adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the azimuth angle adjustment mechanism. The position movement mechanism is installed on the pitch angle adjustment mechanism. The solar receiver is installed on the slider of the pitch angle adjustment mechanism.

[0007] The position moving mechanism, azimuth angle adjusting mechanism, and pitch angle adjusting mechanism are respectively used to adjust the axial displacement of the solar receiver itself, the pitch angle and azimuth angle relative to the reflection focusing module, so that the solar receiver is always located at the focal position of the reflected sunlight of the reflection focusing module, thereby maximizing the light concentration effect and energy conversion rate of the system.

[0008] Preferably, a light intensity sensor is installed at the bottom of the solar receiver.

[0009] Preferably, the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism includes a support, a worm, a hollow worm wheel, and an azimuth angle adjusting motor. The hollow worm wheel is rotatably connected to the central hole of the flange. The worm is rotatably connected to the flange and meshes with the hollow worm wheel. The worm is driven to rotate by the azimuth angle adjusting motor.

[0010] Preferably, the pitch angle adjusting mechanism includes a sleeve, an azimuth angle adjusting motor, a sleeve shaft, and a sleeve bearing. The top of the sleeve is fixed to the sleeve shaft. The sleeve shaft is rotatably connected to the central hole of the hollow worm wheel. The sleeve shaft is driven to rotate by the azimuth angle adjusting motor.

[0011] Preferably, the position moving mechanism includes a slider, a lead screw, and a position moving motor. The slider is slidably connected inside the sleeve. The lead screw is rotatably connected to the sleeve and is driven to rotate by the position moving motor. The lead screw and the slider form a screw pair. The bottom end of the sleeve is open. The solar receiver outside the sleeve is fixed to the slider.

[0012] Preferably, the reflection focusing module includes a hyperbolic paraboloid mirror. The edge of the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror is fixed to the edge of the flange in the tracking module through a support structure.

[0013] Preferably, the support structure is in a frame shape or a connecting rod shape.

[0014] Preferably, the solar receiver is a photovoltaic cell or a collector.

[0015] Preferably, the reflection focusing module further includes a Fresnel mirror rotating shaft and a strip-shaped Fresnel lens. One end of the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the central hole of the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror. The center point of the strip-shaped Fresnel lens is fixed to the other end of the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft. The strip-shaped Fresnel lens is located between the reflecting surface of the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror and the solar receiver. The Fresnel mirror rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a Fresnel mirror motor.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a reflective high-concentration method, which uses a reflective high-concentration system as described above. The method includes: the reflection focusing module receives sunlight and reflects and focuses the sunlight. The azimuth angle adjustment mechanism, elevation angle adjustment mechanism, and position movement mechanism drive the solar receiver to perform two-axis rotation and axial movement, and adjust the solar receiver to the sunlight focusing position. The solar receiver receives the focused sunlight.

[0017] Preferably, while the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror reflects and concentrates light, the Fresnel lens motor drives the strip-shaped Fresnel lens to rotate; the reflection focusing module reflects sunlight. The reflected light passing through the Fresnel lens is further focused.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention installs the solar receiver on a tracking module capable of providing three-dimensional movement. By adjusting the position and attitude of the solar receiver, the focused sunlight can be accurately irradiated on the solar receiver, improving the concentration ratio, and maintaining high optical accuracy and spot uniformity under high-concentration conditions, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0019] The present invention designs a hollow azimuth angle adjustment mechanism based on a hollow worm gear, and designs an elevation angle adjustment mechanism and a position movement mechanism at the bottom of the central hole of the hollow worm gear, realizing a high integration degree of the three-dimensional tracking structure, and enabling the central positions of the azimuth angle adjustment mechanism and the elevation angle adjustment mechanism to be located on the central axis of the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror, so that the solar receiver can quickly move to the focusing position.

[0020] The present invention introduces a rotating strip-shaped Fresnel lens between the solar receiver and the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror, and uses the strip-shaped Fresnel lens to further improve the focusing ratio and the solar photovoltaic or solar thermal conversion efficiency.

[0021] By optimizing the system structure, the present invention is expected to further improve the light concentration efficiency and stability of the system, bringing more innovations and breakthroughs to the field of solar energy utilization. Therefore, it has significant economic, social, and environmental benefits. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tracking module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention ( Figure 1 partial enlarged view of part A therein); Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the tracking module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention ( Figure 2 view B therein); Figure 4Schematic elevation view of the tracking module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention ( Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the C-C section in); Figure 5 Schematic three-dimensional view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic structural view of the strip Fresnel lens in Embodiment 2 of the present invention ( Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the D-D section in); Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 shown, a reflective high-concentration optical system includes a reflection focusing module, a support structure 2, a tracking module 1, and a solar energy receiver 3. The tracking module 1 is connected to the reflection focusing module through the support structure 2. The solar energy receiver 3 is installed on the tracking module 1 and is used to collect the solar energy focused by the reflection focusing module. The tracking module 1 is used to adjust the solar energy receiver 3 to the optimal light-concentration position to improve the light-concentration effect. The reflection focusing module includes a static hyperbolic paraboloid reflector 4. During the light-concentration process, sunlight is projected onto the hyperbolic paraboloid reflector 4, and after being reflected and focused by the hyperbolic paraboloid reflecting surface, it is projected onto the solar energy receiver.

[0025] The support structure 2 is in a frame shape or a connecting rod shape. On the premise of providing stable support for the tracking module 1, it reduces the occlusion of sunlight. In addition, the support structure 2 also functions as an external bracket connection and can be used to adjust the attitude of the solar energy receiver.

[0026] In this embodiment, the support structure 2 includes four steel columns circumferentially and uniformly distributed along the axis of the hyperbolic paraboloid reflector 4. The bottom ends of the four steel columns are respectively fixed to different positions on the edge of the hyperbolic paraboloid reflector 4. The top ends of the four steel columns are fixed to the periphery of the edge of the flange in the tracking module 1. The flange provides support for other structures in the tracking module 1.

[0027] The solar energy receiver is a photovoltaic cell or a collector, and is used to receive the focused sunlight and perform energy conversion to obtain electric energy or heat energy that can be stored or directly used. In some embodiments, a light intensity sensor is installed at the bottom of the solar energy receiver 3 and is used to detect the sunlight focusing condition, so as to control the tracking module 1 in real time, adjust the attitude and position of the solar energy receiver 3, and make the solar energy receiver 3 in the optimal sunlight focusing position.

[0028] As Figure 2As shown, the tracking module 1 is used to perform three-dimensional adjustment on the solar receiver 3, including a flange 1-12, an azimuth adjustment mechanism, an elevation angle adjustment mechanism, and a position movement mechanism. In the initial state, the azimuth adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle of the solar receiver 3 around the Z-axis. The elevation angle adjustment mechanism is used for the solar receiver 3 to rotate around the X-axis; the position movement mechanism is used to drive the Z-axis displacement of the solar receiver 3 As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the azimuth adjustment mechanism is installed on the flange 1-12 and includes a support 1-1, a worm 1-2, a hollow worm gear 1-3, an azimuth adjustment motor 1-14, and a worm gear bearing 1-10. The hollow worm gear 1-3 is rotatably connected to the central hole of the flange 1-12 through the worm gear bearing 1-10. The worm 1-2 is rotatably connected to the edge of the top surface of the flange 1-12. The worm 1-2 meshes with the hollow worm gear 1-3. The azimuth adjustment motor 1-14 is installed on the top surface of the flange 1-12, and the output shaft is fixed to the worm 1-2; in some other embodiments, the azimuth adjustment motor 1-14 is connected to the worm 1-2 through a transmission structure to facilitate setting different transmission ratios.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the elevation angle adjustment mechanism includes a sleeve 1-5, an azimuth adjustment motor 1-11, a sleeve shaft 1-15, and a sleeve bearing 1-4. The top of the sleeve 1-5 is fixed to the sleeve shaft 1-15. Both ends of the sleeve shaft 1-15 are rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom of the inner wall of the central hole of the hollow worm gear 1-3 through the sleeve bearing 1-4. The azimuth adjustment motor 1-11 is fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the hollow worm gear 1-3. The output shaft of the azimuth adjustment motor 1-11 is fixed to the end of the sleeve shaft 1-15. In some other embodiments, the azimuth adjustment motor 1-11 is connected to the sleeve shaft 1-15 through a transmission structure to facilitate setting different transmission ratios.

[0030] As Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the position movement mechanism includes a slider 1-8, a lead screw 1-7, a position movement motor 1-6, and a guiding structure 1-13. The slider 1-8 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve 1-5 through the guiding structure 1-13. One end of the lead screw 1-7 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 1-5. The axis of the lead screw 1-7 coincides with the axis of the sleeve 1-5. The lead screw 1-7 and the threaded hole or nut in the middle of the slider 1-8 form a screw pair. The position movement motor 1-6 is installed on the top of the sleeve 1-5, and the output shaft is fixed to the end of the lead screw 1-7. In some other embodiments, the position movement motor 1-6 is connected to the lead screw 1-7 through a transmission structure to facilitate setting different transmission ratios.

[0031] The back of the solar receiver 3 is fixedly spaced from the side of the slider 1-8 away from the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the sleeve 1-5 by a connecting rod 1-9. The front of the solar receiver 3 is used to receive the focused sunlight and convert solar energy into electrical energy or heat energy.

[0032] According to the light intensity sensor on the solar receiver 3, the focusing condition of the reflected light is detected, and rotational adjustment in the X-axis direction is performed to make the solar receiver in the optimal focusing state. A light intensity sensor is installed on the front of the solar receiver 3. Through the light intensity sensor on the solar receiver 3, the focusing condition of the reflected light is detected, and the position of the slider 1-8 in the position moving mechanism is adjusted so that the solar receiver is in the optimal focusing state.

[0033] The tracking module 1 realizes dynamic adjustment of the attitude of the solar receiver by adjusting the pitch angle ( Figure 1 rotation direction around the X-axis), azimuth angle ( Figure 1 rotation direction around the Z-axis) and axial displacement of the solar receiver 3, so that the solar receiver is always located at the focal position of the reflected sunlight of the reflection focusing module, thereby maximizing the light concentration effect and energy conversion rate of the system.

[0034] The light concentration method of the reflective high-concentration light system provided in this embodiment is as follows: Step 1: Sunlight irradiates on the curved parabolic mirror 5 and is reflected and focused, and the light is projected and focused on the solar receiver 3 Step 2: The light intensity sensor on the solar receiver 3 detects the focusing condition of the reflected light. According to the detection data of the focusing state of the reflected light on the solar receiver 3, three-dimensional adjustment of the azimuth angle, pitch angle and axial displacement of the light intensity sensor is performed to make the solar receiver 3 in the optimal focusing state.

[0035] The process of axial displacement adjustment is: start the position moving motor 1-6, and through the lead screw 1-7, the slider 1-8 is adjusted for displacement in the Z-axis direction under the guidance of the guiding structure 1-13.

[0036] The process of azimuth angle adjustment is: start the azimuth angle adjustment motor 1-14, and drive the hollow worm wheel 1-3 to rotate through the worm 1-2, so that the solar receiver 3 is rotationally adjusted in the Z-axis direction.

[0037] The process of pitch angle adjustment is: start the azimuth angle adjustment motor 1-11, drive the sleeve 1-5 to rotate around the sleeve shaft 1-15, and the slider 1-8 and the solar receiver 3 rotate together, so that the solar receiver 3 is rotationally adjusted in the X-axis direction.

[0038] During the process of three - dimensional adjustment of the attitude and position of the solar receiver 3, when the light focusing value reaches the target value or the maximum, the tracking module 1 stops working, so that the solar receiver 3 maintains its position and attitude unchanged.

[0039] Embodiment 2 A reflective high - concentration light - collecting system. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in: As Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in

[0040] and

[0041] the reflective focusing module further includes a rotating dynamic strip - shaped Fresnel lens 8. The strip - shaped Fresnel lens 8 is driven to rotate by a rotation driving mechanism. The rotation driving mechanism includes a Fresnel mirror rotating shaft 5, a lens bearing 6, and a Fresnel mirror motor 7. A through - hole is opened at the central position of the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror 4. One end of the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the through - hole on the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror 4 through the lens bearing 6. The central point of the strip - shaped Fresnel lens 8 is fixed to the other end of the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft 5. The axis of the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft 5 coincides with the central axis of the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror 4. The strip - shaped Fresnel lens 8 is located between the reflecting surface and the focus of the hyperbolic paraboloid mirror 4.

[0040] During the working process, the strip - shaped Fresnel lens 8 is driven to rotate through the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft 5 and the Fresnel mirror motor 7, forming a Fresnel lens structure similar to a disc - shaped surface. Sunlight is irradiated on the curve paraboloid mirror 5 and reflected. The reflected light passing through the Fresnel lens 3 is further focused, increasing the light - collecting magnification, and projected onto the solar receiver 3. The design of the strip - shaped Fresnel lens can avoid the light being weakened excessively by passing through the lens multiple times, and can further focus the reflected light, increasing the light - collecting magnification, and then projecting and focusing it onto the solar receiver.

[0041] Other structures of the reflective high - concentration light - collecting system provided in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A reflective high-concentration optical system, comprising a reflective focusing module, a support structure (2) and a solar receiver (3); characterized in that: It also includes a tracking module (1); the tracking module (1) is connected to the reflection focusing module through a support structure (2); The tracking module (1) includes a flange (1-12), an azimuth adjustment mechanism, an elevation angle adjustment mechanism, and a position movement mechanism; the azimuth adjustment mechanism is installed on the flange (1-12); the elevation angle adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the azimuth adjustment mechanism; the position movement mechanism is installed on the elevation angle adjustment mechanism; the solar receiver (3) is installed on the slider of the elevation angle adjustment mechanism; The position movement mechanism, the azimuth adjustment mechanism, and the elevation angle adjustment mechanism are respectively used to adjust the axial displacement of the solar receiver (3) itself, the elevation angle, and the azimuth angle relative to the reflection focusing module.

2. The reflective high-concentration optical system according to claim 1, wherein: A light intensity sensor is installed at the bottom of the solar receiver (3).

3. A reflective high-concentration optical system according to claim 1, wherein: The azimuth adjustment mechanism includes a support (1-1), a worm (1-2), a hollow worm wheel (1-3), and an azimuth adjustment motor (1-14); the hollow worm wheel (1-3) is rotatably connected to the central hole of the flange (1-12); the worm (1-2) is rotatably connected to the flange and meshes with the hollow worm wheel (1-3); the worm (1-2) is driven to rotate by the azimuth adjustment motor (1-14).

4. A reflective high-magnification light concentration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elevation angle adjustment mechanism includes a sleeve (1-5), an azimuth adjustment motor (1-11), a sleeve shaft (1-15), and a sleeve bearing (1-4); the top of the sleeve (1-5) is fixed to the sleeve shaft (1-15); the sleeve shaft (1-15) is rotatably connected to the central hole of the hollow worm wheel (1-3); the sleeve shaft (1-15) is driven to rotate by the azimuth adjustment motor (1-11).

5. The reflective high-magnification condensing system according to claim 4, wherein: The position movement mechanism includes a slider (1-8), a lead screw (1-7), and a position movement motor (1-6); the slider (1-8) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (1-5); the lead screw (1-7) is rotatably connected to the sleeve (1-5) and is driven to rotate by the position movement motor (1-6); the lead screw (1-7) and the slider (1-8) form a screw pair; the bottom end of the sleeve (1-5) is open; the solar receiver (3) outside the sleeve (1-5) is fixed to the slider (1-8).

6. The reflective high-magnification light concentration system according to claim 1, wherein: The reflection focusing module includes a hyperbolic paraboloid reflector (4); the edge of the hyperbolic paraboloid reflector (4) is fixed to the edge of the flange (1-12) in the tracking module (1) through a support structure (2).

7. A reflective high-magnification light concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar receiver is a photovoltaic cell or a collector.

8. A reflective high-magnification light concentration system according to claim 1, wherein: The reflection focusing module further includes a Fresnel mirror rotating shaft (5) and a strip-shaped Fresnel lens (8); one end of the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft (5) is rotatably connected to the central hole of the hyperbolic paraboloid reflector (4); the center point of the strip-shaped Fresnel lens (8) is fixed to the other end of the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft (5); the strip-shaped Fresnel lens (8) is located between the reflecting surface of the hyperbolic paraboloid reflector (4) and the solar receiver (3); the Fresnel mirror rotating shaft (5) is driven to rotate by a Fresnel mirror motor (7).

9. A reflective high-magnification light concentration method, characterized in that, Use a reflective high-concentration optical system as described in claim 1; the method includes: the reflection focusing module receives sunlight and reflects and focuses the sunlight; the azimuth angle adjustment mechanism, the pitch angle adjustment mechanism, and the position movement mechanism drive the solar energy receiver (3) to perform two-axis rotation and axial movement, and adjust the solar energy receiver (3) to the sunlight focusing position; the solar energy receiver (3) receives the focused sunlight.

10. A reflective high-magnification light concentration method, characterized in that, Use a reflective high-concentration optical system as described in claim 8; the method includes: the Fresnel mirror motor (7) drives the strip-shaped Fresnel lens (8) to rotate; the reflection focusing module reflects sunlight; the reflected light passing through the Fresnel lens (3) is further focused; the azimuth angle adjustment mechanism, the pitch angle adjustment mechanism, and the position movement mechanism drive the solar energy receiver (3) to perform two-axis rotation and axial movement, and adjust the solar energy receiver (3) to the sunlight focusing position; the solar energy receiver (3) receives the focused sunlight.

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