Three-dimensional monitoring, adjusting and compensating system and method for photovoltaic structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional monitoring, adjusting and compensating system and method for a photovoltaic structure, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The system comprises a space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem and a photovoltaic structure adjusting support. The space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem is used for obtaining deformation data of a to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine and combining the deformation data with mining parameters to construct a subsidence dynamic zoning model; according to the settlement dynamic partition model, determining multi-stage regulation instructions of different photovoltaic areas and implementing the multi-stage regulation instructions in a grading manner; and the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket is used for supporting the photovoltaic panel and receiving the structure adjusting parameters in the multi-stage adjusting instruction for supporting and adjusting. By automatically acquiring deformation data of different stages, region and unit division is performed, and a multi-stage adjustment strategy is formed, so that the regions with different subsidence amplitudes are subjected to hierarchical regulation and control. Three-dimensional monitoring of ground surface deformation and self-adaptive adjustment of the support are achieved, the safety and long-term stability of a photovoltaic power station in a to-be-mined subsidence area of a mine are improved, the subsidence area is fully utilized, and the subsidence area is turned into treasure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular, to a three-dimensional monitoring, adjusting and compensating system and method for a photovoltaic structure. Background Art

[0002] The strata of soft rock mines are usually relatively soft. After the formation of mined - out areas during the mining process, the overlying rock strata lose support and are prone to deformation and collapse. Such uneven settlement will cause displacements, tilts or even fractures of the support rods and foundations of photovoltaic equipment, affecting the normal operation and maintenance of photovoltaic panels. In severe cases, photovoltaic modules may fall or be damaged.

[0003] The prior art can adopt fixed photovoltaic brackets to achieve dynamic adjustment of the angles of photovoltaic panels to adapt to different subsidence situations in subsidence areas. It can also adopt flexible brackets such as double - layer suspension cable schemes to adapt to complex terrains, with a span of more than 50 meters and excellent wind resistance, which can reduce resistance during strong winds.

[0004] However, the above - mentioned methods are all set before construction. Under the influence of different mining periods, mining methods and mining speeds in the to - be - mined areas of the mine, the ground settlement rates, accelerations and settlement values in different regions and units will change dynamically. After the to - be - mined areas with different buried depths and different distances are mined using different mining speeds and methods, the differential settlement generated in different periods makes it difficult for traditional photovoltaic brackets to adaptively adjust according to different settlement values. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a three - dimensional monitoring, adjusting and compensating system and method for a photovoltaic structure to realize the assessment and adaptive adjustment of the settlement situation in the to - be - mined subsidence area of the mine.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three - dimensional monitoring, adjusting and compensating system for a photovoltaic structure, the system including an air - space - ground integrated monitoring subsystem and a photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket;

[0007] The air - space - ground integrated three - dimensional monitoring subsystem is used to obtain deformation data of the to - be - mined subsidence area of the mine, and the deformation data includes multi - source geological settlement data of the to - be - mined subsidence area of the mine and the structural deformation data of the support structure of the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket;

[0008] According to the deformation data and mining parameters, a settlement dynamic zoning model of the to - be - mined subsidence area of the mine is constructed;

[0009] According to the settlement dynamic zoning model, multi - level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas are determined and implemented in a hierarchical manner;

[0010] The photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket is used to support the photovoltaic panel and receive the structural adjustment parameters in the multi - level adjustment instructions for support adjustment.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment and compensation method for a photovoltaic structure. The method is applied to a three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment and compensation system for a photovoltaic structure, and the system includes a space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem and a photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket. The method includes:

[0012] Obtain deformation data of a mine subsidence area to be mined through the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem. The deformation data includes multi-source geological settlement data of the mine subsidence area to be mined and rod structure deformation data of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket;

[0013] Construct a settlement dynamic zoning model of the mine subsidence area to be mined according to the deformation data and mining parameters;

[0014] Determine multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas according to the settlement dynamic zoning model and implement them in a hierarchical manner;

[0015] Support the photovoltaic panel through the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket and receive the structure adjustment parameters in the multi-level adjustment instructions for support adjustment.

[0016] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention automatically obtains the deformation data of different stages of the mine subsidence area to be mined through the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem, conducts regional and cell division to construct a settlement dynamic zoning model corresponding to different settlement situations, and forms a multi-level adjustment strategy for different settlement dynamic zoning situations to conduct hierarchical control of areas with different subsidence amplitudes, realizing the monitoring of surface deformation and the adaptive adjustment of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket. For the differential settlement generated in different periods after mining in the to-be-mined areas with different buried depths and different distances, accurate prediction and control according to the zoning are realized, thereby improving the long-term stability and safety of the photovoltaic power station in the mine subsidence area to be mined in soft rock mines, subverting the traditional photovoltaic power station with the existing passive design, construction and operation and maintenance methods into an automatic and intelligent photovoltaic power station, and reusing the originally abandoned subsidence area, turning the subsidence area into a treasure.

[0017] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment and compensation system for a photovoltaic structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an example diagram of settlement risk zoning and cell division in a three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment and compensation system for a photovoltaic structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic technical route diagram of a three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment and compensation system for a photovoltaic structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of a three-dimensional monitoring and adjustment method for a photovoltaic structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment and compensation system for a photovoltaic structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the automatic adjustment of new energy photovoltaic structures in mined-out subsidence areas of mines, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an integrated space-air-ground monitoring subsystem 1 and a photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2.

[0027] In this embodiment, the integrated space-air-ground monitoring subsystem 1 can be understood as a three-dimensional monitoring system that integrates space, air, and land sensors for deformation data acquisition and analysis. For example, at the space level, it can be satellite remote sensing; at the air level, it can be UAV infrared scanning; and at the land level, it can be ground sensors, etc.

[0028] The integrated space-air-ground monitoring subsystem 1 is used to obtain the deformation data of the mine subsidence area to be mined, where the deformation data includes multi-source geological settlement data of the mine subsidence area to be mined and the deformation data of the rod structure of the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket 2; construct a settlement dynamic zoning model of the mine subsidence area to be mined according to the deformation data and mining parameters; determine multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas according to the settlement dynamic zoning model and implement them in a hierarchical manner; the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket 2 is used to support the photovoltaic panel and receive the structure adjustment parameters in the multi-level adjustment instructions for support adjustment.

[0029] In this embodiment, the mine subsidence area to be mined can be understood as a specific area formed during the mining process of a mine due to the deformation, displacement, and damage of the surface and its overlying rock strata caused by the mining of underground ore bodies. For example, it can be the mine subsidence area to be mined in a soft rock mine. Before the ore body is mined out, the underground rock mass is in the original stress balance state. Once mining is carried out, this balance is broken, and the overlying rock strata lose support and will settle and deform under the action of gravity to form a subsidence area.

[0030] In this embodiment, the deformation data can be understood as the data characterizing the deformation of the surface where the photovoltaic structure is located and the photovoltaic structure itself. The multi-source geological settlement data can be understood as the data related to geological settlement from multiple sensor sources. The rod structure deformation data can be understood as the data related to the deformation degree of the rods in the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket 2, that is, the data transmitted by the sensors at the above-mentioned three levels of space, air, and land. The mining parameters can be understood as the parameters characterizing the mine mining, such as different burial depths, different mining speeds, and different mining methods of the mine subsidence area to be mined, etc. The settlement dynamic zoning model can be understood as a three-dimensional geological model that divides the mine subsidence area to be mined into regions and cells according to different subsidence risk levels. The photovoltaic area can be understood as the area where photovoltaic devices are set with different control methods. The multi-level adjustment instructions can be understood as different levels of adjustment instructions for dealing with different subsidence risks.

[0031] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket 2 can be understood as a bracket structure for supporting the photovoltaic panel. For example, it can include a rigid bracket and a flexible bracket. The rigid bracket provides support for the photovoltaic panel, and the flexible bracket provides tensile force for the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel can be understood as a planar structure device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. The structure adjustment parameters can be understood as the parameters for adjusting different angles or different tensile forces of the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket 2.

[0032] Specifically, the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 can automatically obtain multi-source geological settlement data of the mine subsidence area to be mined at different stages (such as before, during, and after underground resource mining) and the deformation data of the rod structures of the photovoltaic structure adjustment brackets 2 as deformation data. The space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 can predict and evaluate the future deformation of the ground surface where the photovoltaic structure is located according to the multi-source geological settlement data, the rod structure deformation data, and the mining parameters at the current stage, and through mathematical and artificial intelligence methods, achieve cm-level ground surface deformation monitoring and mm-level local settlement warning. Furthermore, it can determine whether the photovoltaic structure can meet the stability requirements at different stages, and then divide the mine subsidence area to be mined according to the predicted deformation and the set different risk ranges to obtain a settlement dynamic zoning model. The space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 can determine the adjustment instruction levels for photovoltaic areas under different risks according to the settlement dynamic zoning model, and through methods such as multi-source geological settlement data, rod structure deformation data, and the predicted deformation combined with artificial intelligence, determine the adjustment parameters for adjusting the photovoltaic structure adjustment brackets 2 for the predicted deformation, and implement the multi-level adjustment instructions at different levels, and send them to different receiving ends. The photovoltaic structure adjustment brackets 2 receive the structure adjustment parameters in the multi-level adjustment instructions for support adjustment to change the support method for the photovoltaic panels.

[0033] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 automatically obtains the deformation data of the mine subsidence area to be mined at different stages, conducts regional and cell division to construct a settlement dynamic zoning model corresponding to different settlement situations, and forms a multi-level adjustment strategy for different settlement dynamic zoning situations in combination with the deformation data of the rod structures of different brackets, so as to conduct hierarchical control on areas with different subsidence amplitudes, realize the monitoring of ground surface deformation and the adaptive adjustment of the brackets, and achieve accurate prediction and control according to the zoning for the differential settlement generated in different periods after mining in the areas to be mined with different buried depths and different distances. Furthermore, it improves the long-term stability and safety of the photovoltaic power station in the mine subsidence area to be mined in soft rock mines, subverts the traditional photovoltaic power station with the existing passive design, construction, and operation and maintenance methods, becomes an automatic and intelligent photovoltaic power station, and reuses the originally abandoned subsidence area, turning the subsidence area into a treasure.

[0034] Furthermore, the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 includes a space-air-ground monitoring component and a data processing component; the space-air-ground monitoring component includes space monitoring equipment, sky monitoring equipment, and ground monitoring equipment.

[0035] An air-space-ground monitoring component is used to obtain data of the mine subsidence area to be mined collected by various monitoring devices, form deformation data and transmit it to the data processing component; a data processing component is used to construct a settlement dynamic zoning model of the mine subsidence area to be mined according to multi-source geological settlement data, deformation data of the rod structure and mining parameters; according to the settlement dynamic zoning model, determine multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas and implement them in a hierarchical manner.

[0036] In this embodiment, the space monitoring device in the air-space-ground monitoring component can be satellite remote sensing, and a Beidou / GNSS ground displacement monitoring station is deployed supporting it. The sky monitoring device can be in the form of drone infrared scanning, and an optical fiber grating sensor array is deployed on the ground supporting it. The ground monitoring device can be a sensor set on the ground, and it can also be set in the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 for detecting the rod structure. Exemplarily, when deploying the Beidou / GNSS ground displacement monitoring station and the optical fiber grating sensor array, in the area to be mined, a monitoring node can be set every 100㎡ - 500㎡, and the specific range is arranged according to the expected settlement size and settlement rate. The data processing component can be understood as a processing device with certain computing capabilities, such as a cloud processor, etc. A cell can be understood as a more refined division unit.

[0037] Specifically, the deformation data of the mine subsidence area to be mined is collected by each monitoring device to form multi-source geological settlement data and the deformation data of the rod structure and transmitted to the data processing component. The data processing component can obtain multi-source geological settlement data and deformation data of the rod structure through technologies such as ground penetrating radar and InSAR remote sensing. According to the multi-source geological settlement data, deformation data of the rod structure and mining parameters, it predicts the surface deformation conditions of different regions, and based on the predicted conditions, divides the mine subsidence area to be mined into different zones according to different risk levels to obtain a settlement dynamic zoning model; the data processing component can divide regions and cells according to the judgment conditions of different-level adjustment instructions according to the settlement dynamic zoning model, determine multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas and implement them in a hierarchical manner.

[0038] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, through integrating the multi-source monitoring technology and components of "air - space - ground", predicts the geological conditions through the data processing component for the multi-source geological settlement data, deformation data of the rod structure of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 and mining parameters, and realizes cm - level surface deformation monitoring and mm - level local settlement warning.

[0039] Further, on the basis of the above - mentioned embodiment, the step of constructing a settlement dynamic zoning model of the mine subsidence area to be mined according to the multi-source geological settlement data, deformation data of the rod structure of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 and mining parameters can be refined as:

[0040] According to the deformation data, mining parameters, and settlement prediction model, predict the surface subsidence deformation parameters of the surface where the photovoltaic structure is located in the to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine at different periods; according to the surface subsidence deformation parameters and the regional settlement threshold, divide the to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine into regions and cells according to different settlement risk levels, and obtain regions with different risk levels including cells; construct a three-dimensional geological model based on each region and the deformation data to obtain the settlement dynamic zoning model of the to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine.

[0041] In this embodiment, different periods can be understood as the mining stages of the to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine or the judgment periods in the mining stages, etc. For example, the mining stages can include before underground resource mining, during mining, and after mining, etc., and the judgment periods can include set time intervals, etc. The settlement prediction model can be understood as a model used to predict the surface subsidence deformation parameters, such as a machine learning model, etc. The surface subsidence deformation parameters can be understood as the simulation calculation results characterizing the ground settlement situation, such as the surface subsidence rate and the surface deformation value, etc. The regional settlement threshold can be understood as the threshold range set for dividing different settlement risks. Different settlement risk levels can be understood as characterizing the risks of the to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine by setting levels, such as low risk, medium risk, and high risk. The three-dimensional geological model can be understood as a computer model that presents and analyzes the geological structure and risks of the to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine in three-dimensional space.

[0042] Specifically, the data processing component can input the multi-source geological settlement data and the deformation data of the rod structure into the settlement prediction model, and predict the surface subsidence deformation parameters of the surface where the photovoltaic structure is located in the to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine at different periods through the settlement prediction model. The data processing component can compare according to the surface subsidence deformation parameters and the regional settlement threshold, and divide the to-be-mined subsidence area of the mine into regions and cells according to different settlement risk levels, and obtain regions with different risk levels. Among them, the regions can also be divided into grid cells according to a preset distance interval, and a three-dimensional model can be constructed by combining the multi-source geological settlement data and the deformation data of the rod structure, and different risk levels of regions can be distinguished by different colors to obtain the settlement dynamic zoning model.

[0043] Exemplarily, it is also possible to automatically evaluate and analyze through the multi-source geological settlement data of the space-air-ground monitoring component and the deformation data of the rod structure of the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket 2, determine the initial weights of evaluation indicators such as stress, strain, settlement speed, and acceleration in the surface where different photovoltaic structures are located, construct the state variable weight vectors of each evaluation indicator based on the initial weights, and determine the target weights; based on each evaluation indicator and the corresponding target weights, automatically judge and determine the suitability evaluation values of each subsidence unit, and compare based on the evaluation values combined with the regional settlement threshold to determine the level of each region.

[0044] Exemplarily, taking a settlement risk zoning after zoning the area and cells according to the settlement risk level as an example, Figure 2 This is an example diagram of the settlement risk zoning and cell division in a three-dimensional monitoring, adjusting and compensating system for a photovoltaic structure provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 2 shown, in a mined subsidence area of a mine, the subsidence is usually in a shape with a lower middle and higher edges, for example, it can be understood as a pot shape. The settlement degree is usually greater in the central area and decreases towards the edge. Based on the multi-source geological settlement data of the soft rock mine's mined subsidence area and the simulation calculation results of ground settlement under different buried depths, different mining speeds and different mining methods, the predicted surface subsidence deformation parameters are compared with the regional settlement threshold values, and the mined subsidence area of the soft rock mine can be divided into three levels. The green area is a low-risk area that does not need to be adjusted temporarily, the yellow area is a medium-risk area that can be adjusted by the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket 2, and the red area is a high-risk area that needs to issue a warning and be relocated as soon as possible to avoid damage. Due to the different surface conditions, the area can also be divided into grid cells according to a preset distance interval to obtain a division result including cells. The specific adjustment strategy for each area can be further determined by the following multi-level adjustment instructions within the adjustment threshold range.

[0045] Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the step of determining multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas according to the settlement dynamic zoning model and implementing them in a hierarchical manner can be refined as:

[0046] Based on the adjustment threshold range, multi-source geological settlement data, rod structure deformation data and settlement dynamic zoning model, determine the primary adjustment area and primary adjustment instructions, and send the primary adjustment instructions to the photovoltaic structure adjusting bracket 2; based on the adjustment threshold range, determine the secondary adjustment area from the settlement dynamic zoning model, and generate area linkage adjustment instructions and send them to relevant personnel; based on the adjustment threshold range, determine the tertiary adjustment area from the settlement dynamic zoning model; according to the tertiary adjustment area and the high-risk area in the settlement dynamic zoning model, determine the photovoltaic structure reinforcement plan and send it to relevant personnel.

[0047] In this embodiment, the adjustment threshold range can be understood as the range set for distinguishing different adjustment mechanisms. For example, the threshold range for primary adjustment is that the settlement amount is less than 30 mm, the threshold range for secondary adjustment is that the settlement amount is 30 - 50 mm, and the threshold range for tertiary adjustment is that the settlement amount is greater than 50 mm. The above values are set according to the design of the deformation resistance of different photovoltaic structures. The primary adjustment area can be understood as the area where the subsidence is relatively light and can be adjusted by the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2. The primary adjustment instruction can be understood as the parameter instruction used to control the adjustment of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2. The secondary adjustment area can be understood as the area where the subsidence is medium and can be adjusted by starting the regional linkage adjustment. The relevant personnel can be understood as the relevant personnel who carry out maintenance or construction on the mining subsidence area to be mined, such as construction workers and supervisors during construction, or safety maintenance personnel or teams during operation and maintenance. The tertiary adjustment area can be understood as the area where the subsidence is strong and needs to be adjusted by means such as relocation. The regional linkage adjustment instruction can be understood as the integrated adjustment under different regions. The high-risk area can be understood as the area that may cause large-scale damage to the photovoltaic structure. The photovoltaic structure reinforcement plan can be understood as the plan for carrying out photovoltaic structure reinforcement or relocation.

[0048] Specifically, the data processing component in the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 can determine the primary adjustment area and the primary adjustment instruction in the settlement dynamic zoning model based on the adjustment threshold range, multi-source geological settlement data, and rod structure deformation data, and send the primary adjustment instruction to the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 within the primary adjustment area. The data processing component can determine the secondary adjustment area from the settlement dynamic zoning model based on the adjustment threshold range, and generate a regional linkage adjustment instruction and send it to the relevant personnel. The data processing component can determine the tertiary adjustment area from the settlement dynamic zoning model based on the adjustment threshold range, and based on the tertiary adjustment area and the high-risk area in the settlement dynamic zoning model, trigger the shutdown of the system, determine the photovoltaic structure reinforcement plan and send it to the relevant personnel for evaluation. For example, the photovoltaic structure reinforcement plan can be to demolish the photovoltaic structures in the high-risk area and the tertiary adjustment area to the low-risk area in the settlement dynamic zoning model to avoid large-scale devastating damage to the photovoltaic structures.

[0049] Among them, on the basis of the above embodiment, the step of determining the primary adjustment area and the primary adjustment instruction based on the adjustment threshold range, multi-source geological settlement data, rod structure deformation data, and settlement dynamic zoning model can be refined as:

[0050] Determine the primary adjustment area based on the medium-risk area in the settlement dynamic zoning model within the adjustment threshold range; determine the adjustment stroke of the rigid adjustment bracket based on the deformation data of the rigid adjustment bracket in the structural member deformation data of the primary adjustment area and use it as the primary adjustment instruction; determine the tension degree of the flexible adjustment bracket based on the cable force data of the flexible adjustment bracket in the structural member deformation data of the primary adjustment area and use it as the primary adjustment instruction.

[0051] In this embodiment, the medium-risk area can be understood as the area judged to be of medium risk in the settlement dynamic zoning model. The rigid adjustment bracket can be understood as a support device that can bear large horizontal and vertical loads without horizontal and vertical displacement. The deformation data can be understood as the data used to reflect the state of the ground where the rigid adjustment bracket is located and the current state of the rigid adjustment bracket, such as stress value, strain value, displacement amount, and inclination angle, etc. The adjustment stroke can be understood as the length of the expansion and contraction used to adjust the rigid adjustment bracket. The flexible adjustment bracket can be understood as a support device tensioned by a suspension cable. The cable force data can be understood as the data used to characterize the force condition of the suspension cable. The tension degree can be understood as the degree of prestress applied to the suspension cable by the tensioning device.

[0052] Specifically, the data processing component can screen based on the medium-risk area in the settlement dynamic zoning model within the adjustment threshold range to determine the primary adjustment area. The data processing component can determine the adjustment stroke of the rigid adjustment bracket based on the multi-source geological settlement data and the deformation data of the rigid adjustment bracket in the structural member deformation data of the primary adjustment area and use it as the primary adjustment instruction. For example, based on artificial intelligence methods such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and machine learning, parameters such as the settlement rate and deformation data in the current multi-source geological settlement data and structural member deformation data of the mine's to-be-mined subsidence area can be mapped to the adjustment instruction. Determine the tension degree of the flexible adjustment bracket based on the multi-source geological settlement data and the cable force data of the flexible adjustment bracket in the structural member deformation data of the primary adjustment area and use it as the primary adjustment instruction. For example, based on artificial intelligence methods such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and machine learning, parameters such as the settlement rate and cable force data in the current multi-source geological settlement data and structural member deformation data of the mine's to-be-mined subsidence area can be mapped to the adjustment instruction.

[0053] Exemplarily, the data processing component can screen within the medium-risk area through the primary adjustment threshold range in the adjustment threshold range (such as the settlement amount being less than 30 mm) to determine the primary adjustment area.

[0054] Optionally, the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 includes: a rigid adjustment bracket and a flexible adjustment bracket.

[0055] The rigid adjustment bracket is used to receive the structural adjustment parameters of the rigid adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction for support adjustment to adjust the angle of supporting the photovoltaic panel; the flexible adjustment bracket is used to receive the structural adjustment parameters of the flexible adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction for suspension cable tension adjustment.

[0056] Specifically, the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 may include a rigid adjustment bracket and a flexible adjustment bracket. The subsidence in the mined subsidence area of the mine is usually in the form of low in the middle and high at the edges, for example, it can be understood as a pot shape. The subsidence degree is usually greater in the central area, and a flexible adjustment bracket can be used, while a rigid adjustment bracket can be used in the edge area. Since the subsidence in the edge area will cause the angle of the photovoltaic panel to change, which may cause the photovoltaic panel not to face the sun, resulting in only a small amount of light energy being converted into electrical energy. In order to ensure the electrical energy conversion effect of the photovoltaic panel, the rigid adjustment bracket can receive the structural adjustment parameters of the rigid adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction for support adjustment to adjust the angle of supporting the photovoltaic panel. Since the subsidence in the central area will cause the position of the fixing device to change, which will further lead to the mismatch of the tension, for example, the tension is too small, resulting in the photovoltaic panel collapsing towards the center. The flexible adjustment bracket can receive the structural adjustment parameters of the flexible adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction for suspension cable tension adjustment to adapt to different surface conditions in the mined subsidence area of the mine.

[0057] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention analyzes the multi-source geological subsidence data, the deformation data of the rod structure, and the mining parameters through the data processing component, and conducts real-time monitoring of the dynamic changes of the ground subsidence rate, acceleration, and subsidence value in different regions and units under the influence of different mining periods, different mining methods, and different mining speeds in the mined area of the mine. A subsidence dynamic zoning model under different regional differential subsidence is constructed, and zoning control is carried out through the subsidence dynamic zoning model, and a multi-level control strategy is determined according to different risk level regions. For the first-level adjustment region, parameters such as the subsidence rate and deformation amount of different regions and different periods of the mine are mapped into the first-level adjustment instruction, so that the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 responds to the structural adjustment parameters in the first-level adjustment instruction for automatic adjustment to match the subsidence threshold of different regions, and realize the judgment and active adjustment of the subsidence situation.

[0058] Furthermore, the rigid adjustment bracket includes: a deformation detection module and an adjustable telescopic module;

[0059] The deformation detection module is used to detect the current state of the photovoltaic's own rod structure and feedback it to the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1; the adjustable telescopic module is used to adjust the telescopic stroke based on the structural adjustment parameters of the rigid adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction to adjust the angle of supporting the photovoltaic panel.

[0060] In this embodiment, the deformation detection module can be understood as a module for detecting the current state of its own rod structure. For example, it can include detection devices such as stress sensors, strain sensors, displacement sensors, and inclinometers arranged inside the bracket. The adjustable telescopic module can be understood as a support module that can adjust its length by telescoping. For example, it can include a servo motor (power ≥ 1.5 kW), a telescopic steel column, and an electric push rod. The electric push rod is driven by the servo motor to telescope to achieve an inclination adjustment of 0 - 45°.

[0061] Specifically, through the deformation detection module, the stress, strain, angle, and other current states of its own rod structure can be used as deformation data and fed back to the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 to provide a basis for determining the structural adjustment parameters for this rigid adjustment bracket. The adjustable telescopic module adjusts its own telescopic stroke in response to the structural adjustment parameters belonging to it to adjust the angle of the supported photovoltaic panel.

[0062] Furthermore, the flexible adjustment bracket includes a cable force sensor and a cable suspension module;

[0063] The cable force sensor is used to detect the cable force data of the cable suspension module as the rod structure deformation data and feed it back to the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1; the cable suspension module is used to adjust the cable tension degree based on the structural adjustment parameters of the flexible adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction.

[0064] In this embodiment, the cable suspension module can adopt a flexible tension structure such as a three-cable suspension, and the span can reach 50 meters. It can include a wind-resistant cable and a tensioning device, such as a hydraulic tensioning machine (pressure range 0 - 50 MPa).

[0065] Specifically, through the cable force sensor, the current cable force data of the cable suspension module can be detected as the rod structure deformation data and fed back to the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 to provide a parameter basis for determining the structural adjustment parameters. Through the cable suspension module, it can respond to the structural adjustment parameters belonging to it and adjust the cable tension degree, and dynamically adapt to different degrees of ground settlement through the wind-resistant cable and the tensioning device.

[0066] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting rigid adjustment brackets and flexible adjustment brackets in different areas of the mine to-be-mined subsidence area, and adjusting according to the structural adjustment parameters of the first-level adjustment instruction, adapts to complex geological conditions and improves the wind resistance performance and settlement adaptability of the photovoltaic structure.

[0067] Optionally, the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem 1 is further used for:

[0068] Generating settlement warning information according to the settlement dynamic zoning model and sending it to the associated devices in combination with the multi-level adjustment instruction.

[0069] In this embodiment, the settlement warning information can be understood as the information used for subsidence risk warning. The associated devices can be understood as the devices of relevant personnel, such as a monitoring platform or terminal devices, etc.

[0070] Specifically, the integrated space-air-ground monitoring subsystem 1 can be communicatively connected to a supporting monitoring platform (such as a monitoring platform built with a microservice architecture, supporting multi-terminal data synchronization and API interface calls) and terminal device software (such as a mobile phone APP or an application on a computer), etc. After obtaining the settlement dynamic zoning model, the integrated space-air-ground monitoring subsystem 1 can generate settlement warning information based on the predicted high-risk areas therein, and send it to the terminal devices of relevant personnel or to the monitoring platform in combination with multi-level adjustment instructions, so as to achieve risk warning, remote control, and the generation of emergency plans.

[0071] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention generates settlement warning information through the high-risk areas of the settlement dynamic zoning model and sends it to the associated devices, realizing real-time warning, giving a warning to relevant personnel in advance, and relocating them as early as possible to avoid damage to devices such as photovoltaic panels and pole structures. By sending multi-level adjustment instructions to the associated devices, relevant personnel can understand the regulated values and areas, facilitating the remote monitoring of the regulation situation.

[0072] Exemplarily, following the expressions of the red area, yellow area, and green area in the above example, a specific example is used to demonstrate the present invention. Figure 3 It is a schematic technical route diagram of a three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment, and compensation system for a photovoltaic structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, including technical contents such as monitoring - judgment - identification, etc., as Figure 3As shown, the space monitoring device in the space-air-ground monitoring component 1111 can be a satellite remote sensing module, the sky monitoring device can be a drone infrared scanning module, and the ground monitoring device can be a ground sensor module. Deformation data is transmitted to the data processing component 12 through each monitoring device. Multi-source geological subsidence data and the deformation data of the rod structure of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 are obtained through the information acquisition unit. According to the multi-source geological subsidence data, the deformation data of the rod structure of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2, and the mining parameters, the information processing unit constructs a settlement dynamic zoning model for the mine's subsidence area to be mined. According to the settlement dynamic zoning model, the instruction generation unit determines multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas and issues them to the associated devices. The associated devices can display the red areas (the above-mentioned high-risk areas) in the settlement dynamic zoning model and receive settlement warning information for relatively high-risk areas. The yellow areas in the settlement dynamic zoning model can also be displayed, as well as the first-level adjustment instructions for the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 set in the relatively yellow areas. Among them, the instruction generation unit directly issues the first-level adjustment instructions to the corresponding photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2, so that the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket 2 responds to the first-level adjustment instructions for automatic adjustment. The green areas in the settlement dynamic zoning model are only for display and do not require adjustment, and the mining operation can be maintained.

[0073] The photovoltaic structure three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment and compensation system provided by the embodiments of the present invention can execute the photovoltaic structure three-dimensional monitoring and adjustment method provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method.

[0074] Embodiment 2

[0075] Figure 4 FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a photovoltaic structure three-dimensional monitoring and adjustment method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the automatic adjustment of new energy photovoltaic structures in the subsidence area to be mined in a mine. This method can be executed by a photovoltaic structure three-dimensional monitoring, adjustment and compensation system, and the system includes a space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem and a photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket. As Figure 4 shown, the method includes:

[0076] S110. Obtain the deformation data of the subsidence area to be mined in the mine through the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem. The deformation data includes multi-source geological subsidence data of the subsidence area to be mined in the mine and the deformation data of the rod structure of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket.

[0077] S120. Construct a settlement dynamic zoning model for the subsidence area to be mined in the mine according to the deformation data and the mining parameters.

[0078] S130. Determine multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas according to the settlement dynamic zoning model and implement them in stages.

[0079] S140. Support the photovoltaic panel through the support of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket and receive the structure adjustment parameters in the multi-level adjustment instruction to perform support adjustment.

[0080] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention automatically obtains the geological settlement data at different stages of the mine subsidence area to be mined through the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem, divides the area and cells to construct a settlement dynamic zoning model corresponding to different settlement situations, combines the rod structure deformation data of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket, and forms a multi-level adjustment strategy for different settlement dynamic zoning situations to perform hierarchical control on areas with different subsidence amplitudes, realizing the monitoring of surface deformation and the adaptive adjustment of the bracket. For the differential settlement generated in different periods after mining in the areas to be mined with different buried depths and different distances, it realizes the accurate prediction and control according to the zoning, thereby improving the long-term stability and safety of the photovoltaic power station in the subsidence area to be mined in the soft rock mine, subverting the traditional photovoltaic power station with the existing passive design, construction and operation and maintenance methods, becoming an automatic and intelligent photovoltaic power station, and reusing the originally abandoned subsidence area, turning the subsidence area into a treasure.

[0081] It should be understood that various forms of the processes shown above can be used, reordering, adding or deleting steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in a different order, as long as the results expected by the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and no limitation is made herein.

[0082] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional monitoring, adjusting and compensating system for a photovoltaic structure, characterized in that The system includes an integrated space-air-ground monitoring subsystem and a photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket; The integrated space-air-ground monitoring subsystem is used to obtain the deformation data of the mining subsidence area to be mined, and the deformation data includes multi-source geological settlement data of the mining subsidence area to be mined and the member structure deformation data of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket; According to the deformation data and mining parameters, a settlement dynamic zoning model of the mining subsidence area to be mined is constructed; According to the settlement dynamic zoning model, multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas are determined and implemented at different levels; The photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket is used to support the photovoltaic panel and receive the structure adjustment parameters in the multi-level adjustment instructions for support adjustment.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein The integrated space-air-ground monitoring subsystem includes an integrated space-air-ground monitoring component and a data processing component; the integrated space-air-ground monitoring component includes space monitoring equipment, sky monitoring equipment and ground monitoring equipment; The integrated space-air-ground monitoring component is used to obtain the data of the mining subsidence area to be mined collected by each monitoring device, form deformation data and transmit it to the data processing component; The data processing component is used to construct a settlement dynamic zoning model of the mining subsidence area to be mined according to the deformation data and mining parameters; according to the settlement dynamic zoning model, multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas are determined and implemented at different levels.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein The constructing of the settlement dynamic zoning model of the mining subsidence area to be mined according to the deformation data and mining parameters includes: According to the deformation data, mining parameters and settlement prediction model, predict the surface settlement deformation parameters of the surface where the photovoltaic structure is located in the mining subsidence area to be mined at different periods; According to the surface settlement deformation parameters and the regional settlement threshold, divide the mining subsidence area to be mined into regions and cells according to different settlement risk levels, and obtain regions with different risk levels including cells; According to each of the regions and the deformation data, construct a three-dimensional geological model to obtain the settlement dynamic zoning model of the mining subsidence area to be mined.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein The determining of the multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas and implementing them at different levels according to the settlement dynamic zoning model includes: Based on the adjustment threshold range, the deformation data and the settlement dynamic zoning model, determine the first-level adjustment area and the first-level adjustment instruction, and send the first-level adjustment instruction to the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket; Based on the adjustment threshold range, determine the second-level adjustment area from the settlement dynamic zoning model, and generate a regional linkage adjustment instruction and send it to relevant personnel; Based on the adjustment threshold range, determine the third-level adjustment area from the settlement dynamic zoning model; According to the third-level adjustment area and the high-risk area in the settlement dynamic zoning model, determine the photovoltaic structure reinforcement plan and send it to the relevant personnel.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein The determining of the first-level adjustment area and the first-level adjustment instruction based on the adjustment threshold range, the deformation data and the settlement dynamic zoning model includes: Based on the adjustment threshold range, determine the first-level adjustment area from the medium-risk area in the settlement dynamic zoning model; Determine the adjustment stroke of the rigid adjustment bracket based on the deformation data of the rigid adjustment bracket in the rod structure deformation data of the first-level adjustment area, and use it as the first-level adjustment instruction; Determine the tension degree of the flexible adjustment bracket based on the cable force data of the flexible adjustment bracket in the rod structure deformation data of the first-level adjustment area, and use it as the first-level adjustment instruction.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein The photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket includes: a rigid adjustment bracket and a flexible adjustment bracket; The rigid adjustment bracket is used to receive the structural adjustment parameters of the rigid adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction for support adjustment to adjust the angle of the supported photovoltaic panel; The flexible adjustment bracket is used to receive the structural adjustment parameters of the flexible adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction for cable tension degree adjustment.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rigid adjustment bracket includes: a deformation detection module and an adjustable telescopic module; The deformation detection module is used to detect the current state of the photovoltaic's own rod structure as the rod structure deformation data and feedback it to the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem; The adjustable telescopic module is used to adjust the telescopic stroke based on the structural adjustment parameters of the rigid adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction to adjust the angle of the supported photovoltaic panel.

8. The system according to claim 6, wherein The flexible adjustment bracket includes a cable force sensor and a cable module; The cable force sensor is used to detect the cable force data of the cable module as the rod structure deformation data and feedback it to the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem; The cable module is used to adjust the cable tension degree based on the structural adjustment parameters of the flexible adjustment bracket in the multi-level adjustment instruction.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein The space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem is also used for: Generating settlement warning information according to the settlement dynamic zoning model and sending it to the associated devices in combination with the multi-level adjustment instruction.

10. A three-dimensional monitoring and adjustment method for a photovoltaic pole structure, characterized in that, The method is applied to a photovoltaic structure three-dimensional monitoring adjustment compensation system, the system includes a space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem and a photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket, and the method includes: Obtain the deformation data of the mine's to-be-mined subsidence area through the space-air-ground integrated monitoring subsystem, and the deformation data includes the multi-source geological settlement data of the mine's to-be-mined subsidence area and the rod structure deformation data of the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket; Construct a settlement dynamic zoning model of the mine's to-be-mined subsidence area according to the deformation data and mining parameters; Determine the multi-level adjustment instructions for different photovoltaic areas according to the settlement dynamic zoning model and implement them in a hierarchical manner; Support the photovoltaic panel through the photovoltaic structure adjustment bracket and receive the structural adjustment parameters in the multi-level adjustment instruction for support adjustment.

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