Drawing mechanism and drawing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a drawing mechanism and a drawing device, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle engineering, the drawing mechanism comprises a swing rod, a guide mechanism and an energy storage reset mechanism, the swing rod horizontally rotates through a rotating shaft, the swing rod comprises a first end and a second end, and the first end is connected with a traction rope; the guide mechanism comprises a guide part for guiding the traction rope; the energy storage reset mechanism comprises an elastic component. The drawing device comprises a mounting platform and a drawing mechanism. The pulling rope can pull an object to be pulled to move along a preset moving track through the swing rod and the guide part, the object to be pulled can be rapidly pulled by means of the characteristic that energy stored by the elastic component is instantly released, the retracting and releasing stroke is increased by means of the lever principle, it can be guaranteed that the object to be pulled is completely separated from a separation area, and the pulling speed is high. The device can be widely applied to various situations needing to be pulled, in particular to the application that the supporting block is separated from a wheel driving track area in a whole vehicle falling method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, and in particular to a pulling mechanism and a pulling device. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced suspension technology that uses air springs as elastic elements to exert shock-absorbing effects, air suspensions are increasingly widely used in the field of freight vehicles. According to safety requirements, the actual shock-absorbing effect of a vehicle equipped with an air suspension shall not be lower than 75%, which requires detailed testing of the performance of the air suspension.

[0003] Common testing methods include bench test methods and vehicle test methods: The bench test method tests the static and dynamic stiffness, damping characteristics, etc. of the air suspension by simulating the actual road on a test bench in a laboratory environment. This method can evaluate the static characteristics of the air suspension under different load conditions and provide a basis for subsequent dynamic testing and comprehensive performance evaluation. However, this method can only test the air suspension, and it is impossible to test the actual role played by the air suspension after it is assembled into the vehicle. The vehicle test method takes the whole vehicle as the test object and can test the shock-absorbing effect of the air suspension system at the vehicle level. The vehicle test method is further divided into on-road vehicle tests and vehicle drop tests. The former tests the dynamic performance of the air suspension through the driving process on the actual road. This data can be understood as the performance of actual driving. However, the biggest limitation of this method is that each tested performance is only for a specific working condition, and the working conditions during the test cannot cover the actual use conditions, which leads to a difference between the test results and the actual use effects. The vehicle drop test measures the free-fall vibration acceleration to obtain structural characteristic parameters such as the natural frequency and damping ratio of the suspension system. Since the tested data are the inherent characteristics shown by the system structure or attributes, it has good reference significance under appropriate test conditions and measurement benchmarks.

[0004] In the current vehicle drop test, mainly through a test platform with a lifting device to lift the vehicle, and then the test platform descends at a speed much greater than the acceleration of gravity to disengage the wheels. When the vehicle freely falls and contacts the test platform to generate vibrations, the performance parameters of the suspension system can be obtained through monitoring instruments. However, it is found in actual use that after the test platform falling at high speed reaches the preset position, the test platform itself will generate vibrations, which then interfere with the test results and cannot simulate the shock-absorbing performance of the vehicle's suspension system on the road surface.

[0005] To this end, the inventor proposed a method of using a support block to achieve the free fall of a vehicle onto a real road surface. The support surface of the support block is a slope. After the wheels of the vehicle drive onto the support block, the vehicle will leave the ground. Then, under the action of its own weight, the vehicle will slide freely along the slope. When the wheels leave the support block, they can freely fall onto the road surface. Since there is no additional vibration on the road surface, no additional influence will be generated. At the same time, by directly using the real road surface, the shock absorption performance of the air rotation obtained is the real road condition performance. To prevent the vehicle from contacting the support block again after free fall, it is necessary to timely withdraw the support block from under the vehicle after the wheels are separated from the support block until the vehicle stops on the test road surface. However, there are many problems in completing this by manpower: Since the support block has a certain weight (usually 10 kg to 20 kg), firstly, it increases the labor intensity of the test personnel during repeated tests; secondly, improper operation has a certain degree of danger (such as exerting force too early or too much, resulting in strains, sprains, falls, etc.); thirdly, once the support block is not pulled out within the effective time (the vehicle falling time is usually between 1 s and 2 s), and the wheels touch it after landing, the test will fail and the test needs to be carried out again, increasing the time cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pulling device that can automatically and quickly withdraw the support block. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and provide a pulling mechanism and a pulling device. By using a swing rod and a guiding part, the pulling rope can pull the object to be pulled along a preset moving track. Utilizing the characteristic of the elastic member to store energy and release it instantaneously, the object to be pulled can be quickly pulled. Using the lever principle to increase the retracting and extending stroke, it can ensure that the object to be pulled completely leaves the area where it should be separated, and can be widely applied to various situations where pulling is required, especially in the application of the support block leaving the wheel running track area in the whole vehicle falling method. Amplify the retracting and extending stroke of the pulling rope to replace manual pulling, especially in the application of the support block leaving the wheel running track area in the whole vehicle falling method.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention discloses a pulling mechanism, including: A swing rod, the swing rod can rotate horizontally through a vertically arranged rotating shaft. The swing rod includes a first end and a second end. There is a first distance between the first end and the rotating shaft, and a second distance between the second end and the rotating shaft. The first distance is greater than the second distance. A pulling rope is connected to the first end, and the pulling rope is used to connect to the object to be pulled; A guiding mechanism, the guiding mechanism includes a guiding part, and the guiding part is used to guide the pulling rope so that the extending direction of the pulling rope between the guiding part and the object to be pulled is parallel to the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled; and an energy storage and reset mechanism, the energy storage and reset mechanism includes an elastic member for maintaining the second end in its original position, and the axis of the swing rod intersects with the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled and drawn when the second end is in its original position.

[0008] Preferably, the energy storage and reset mechanism further includes a horizontally suspended guide rod, the guide rod is relatively stationary with respect to the rotating shaft, the axis of the guide rod is parallel to the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled and drawn, and limit blocks are provided at both ends of the guide rod; a strip-shaped hole is provided on the second end, the strip-shaped hole extends along the axial direction of the swing rod, and the strip-shaped hole is sleeved on the guide rod; the elastic member includes a reset spring sleeved on the guide rod, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the limit block, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the second end.

[0009] Preferably, the length ratio of the first distance to the second distance is 5:1.

[0010] Preferably, the length of the strip-shaped hole is greater than the reference length, and the reference length = the length of the second distance - the length of the second distance × cos30°.

[0011] Preferably, the guiding portion is a guiding wheel.

[0012] A pulling device is also disclosed, which includes a mounting platform and a pulling mechanism mounted on the mounting platform.

[0013] Preferably, driving wheels and a limiting mechanism are provided under the mounting platform; the driving wheels include a driven rear wheel and a driving front wheel for steering, the driving front wheel and the driven rear wheel are respectively arranged at both ends of the mounting platform, the guide rod of the pulling mechanism is arranged at one end of the mounting platform where the driven rear wheel is provided, the axis of the guide rod is parallel to the axle of the driven rear wheel, and the first end of the swing rod of the pulling mechanism is close to the end of the mounting platform where the driving front wheel is provided; the limiting mechanism includes a positioning plate and a lifting device for driving the positioning plate to lift, and the positioning plate has a friction plate surface for contacting the ground.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting device is a vertically arranged electric telescopic cylinder, the cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting platform, and the piston rod of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the positioning plate.

[0015] Preferably, the mounting platform is provided with an operating armrest at one end of the driven rear wheel, and a positioning switch, a left acceleration button and a right acceleration button are provided on the operating armrest, the positioning switch is electrically connected to the lifting device, the active front wheel includes a left front wheel and a right front wheel, the left front wheel is driven by a left motor, and the right front wheel is driven by a right motor, the left motor and the right motor are both provided with a motor controller and a motor encoder, the left acceleration button is electrically connected to the motor controller of the left motor, and the right acceleration button is electrically connected to the motor controller of the right motor.

[0016] Preferably, an installation cavity is provided in the installation platform, a battery is provided in the installation cavity, and the active front wheel, the lifting device, the positioning switch, the left acceleration button and the right acceleration button are all electrically connected to the battery.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: In the present invention, a swing rod that can swing horizontally and a guide part for guiding the traction rope are utilized, so that the traction rope can pull the object to be pulled to move along a preset moving trajectory, and the characteristic of instantaneous release of stored energy of the elastic component can be utilized to apply a certain pulling force to the object to be pulled in a short time, thereby quickly pulling the object to be pulled, and the characteristic that the first distance of the swing rod is greater than the second distance is utilized to form a lever principle, thereby amplifying the retraction and release stroke of the traction rope, so that the object to be pulled can be completely separated from the area where it should be separated. The present invention can be widely used in various situations where pulling is required to replace manual pulling, such as when the wheel is separated from the support block in the whole vehicle falling method, the support block is quickly pulled out of the wheel driving track area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the analysis of these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a top view of the three-dimensional structure of the pulling device in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a bottom-up stereoscopic structural schematic diagram of a pulling device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the top view of the drawing device in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic side view of the structure of the drawing and pulling device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage reset mechanism; Figure 6 This is the formal structural schematic diagram of the drawing device (before positioning) in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the formal structural schematic diagram of the drawing device (after positioning) in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the vertical sectional structural schematic diagram of the drawing device (before positioning) in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the horizontal sectional structural schematic diagram of the drawing device (before positioning) in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is the top-down three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drawing device (after energy storage) in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is the top-down structural schematic diagram of the drawing device (after energy storage) in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is the working process schematic diagram of the drawing device in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is the structural schematic diagram of the multi-axis wheel support kit; Figure 14 This is the schematic diagram of the usage process of the multi-axis wheel support kit; Figure 15 This is the structural schematic diagram of the support block.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Guide rod; 2. Swing rod; 3. Pulling rope; 4. Guide wheel; 5. Strip hole; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Return spring; 8. Limit block; 9. Installation platform; 10. Active front wheel; 11. Driven rear wheel; 12. Positioning plate; 13. Electric telescopic cylinder; 14. Operating armrest; 15. Positioning switch; 16. Left acceleration button; 17. Right acceleration button; 18. Battery; 19. Guide block; 20. Support block; 21. Transition block; 22. Handle; 23. Vehicle. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pulling mechanism and a pulling device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. A swinging rod that can swing horizontally and a guiding part for guiding the pulling rope are utilized, so that the pulling rope can pull the object to be pulled to move along a preset moving trajectory. The characteristic of instantaneous release of stored energy of the elastic component can be utilized to apply a certain pulling force to the object to be pulled in a short time, thereby quickly pulling the object to be pulled. The characteristic that the first distance of the swinging rod is greater than the second distance is utilized to form a lever principle, and the retraction and release stroke of the pulling rope is magnified, so that the object to be pulled can be completely separated from the area where it should be separated. The present invention can be widely used in various situations where pulling is required to replace manual pulling, such as when the wheel is separated from the support block in the whole vehicle falling method, the support block is quickly pulled out of the wheel driving trajectory area.

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, this embodiment provides a pulling mechanism, including a swing rod 2, a guide mechanism and an energy storage reset mechanism. The swing rod 2 can be horizontally rotated by a vertically arranged rotating shaft 6. The swing rod 2 includes a first end and a second end, a first distance between the first end and the rotating shaft 6, a second distance between the second end and the rotating shaft 6, and the first distance is greater than the second distance. Such an arrangement enables the swing rod 2 to move a distance greater than a distance greater than a distance between the second end when the swing rod 2 is rotated at a certain angle. A pulling rope 3 is connected to the first end, and the pulling rope 3 is used to contact the object to be pulled (such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 The guide mechanism includes a guide portion, which is used to guide the pulling rope 3 so that the extension direction of the pulling rope 3 between the guide portion and the object to be pulled (such as the support block 20) is parallel to the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled, so that the pulling direction of the pulling rope 3 on the object to be pulled is the same as the moving direction of the object to be pulled. The energy storage reset mechanism includes an elastic member, which is used to maintain the second end in position. When the second end is in position, the axis of the swing arm 2 intersects with the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled, that is, there is an angle between the axis of the swing arm 2 and the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled, preferably an angle of 90°, of course, acute angles and obtuse angles are not excluded.

[0025] Working principle: First, pull the pulling rope 3, causing the first end of the swing rod 2 to rotate towards the object to be pulled, and the second end to rotate away from the object to be pulled. The elastic member of the energy storage and reset mechanism stores energy (or is compressed or stretched to store elastic potential energy). Then, connect the pulling rope 3 to the locked object to be pulled. The connection includes but is not limited to bundling, tying, or connecting using other components. The locking methods of the object to be pulled include but are not limited to being pressed by a heavy object or locked by a locking component. Then, unlock the object to be pulled, and the elastic member releases the elastic potential energy, driving the second end to quickly rotate and reset. The first end also quickly rotates and resets, thereby quickly pulling the object to be pulled. Since the first distance between the first section and the rotating shaft 6 is greater than the second distance between the second end and the rotating shaft 6, the moving distance of the first end (refer to the moving distance from A1 to A0 in Figure 14 ) is greater than the moving distance of the second end (refer to the moving distance from B1 to B0 in Figure 14 ). It is equivalent to the first end amplifying the moving distance of the second end. On the one hand, it can ensure that the object to be pulled has enough moving distance to leave the area it wants to leave. On the other hand, the elastic member drives the second end to reset with a small distance, which can ensure the second end quickly resets, and correspondingly, the first end will also quickly reset. This is reflected in the object to be pulled as quickly leaving the area to be left.

[0026] Taking Figure 13 and Figure 14 shown multi-axis wheel support kit as an example, the usage process of this pulling mechanism in the vehicle 23 whole vehicle drop test is given: First, place the two sets of multi-axis wheel support kits on the left and right sides of the wheels corresponding to the double axle group of the vehicle 23. Then, drive the wheels of the double axle group of the vehicle 23 to pass through the guide block 19, support block 20, transition block 21, and support block 20 in sequence. Finally, the first two wheels on the left side of the double axle group are pressed on the front support block 20, and the last two wheels are pressed on the rear support block 20. The right side wheels of the double axle group are the same as the left side, and are respectively pressed on the front and rear support blocks 20 to position the vehicle 23. Then, remove the guide block 19 and transition block 21; Then, set this pulling mechanism beside the vehicle 23 at a suitable position. At this time, one end of the pulling rope 3 used to connect to the support block 20 corresponds to the position of the handle 22 of the support block 20. Then, pull the pulling rope 3 and tie it to the handle 22 and tighten it. At this time, the whole swing rod 2 deflects, and the elastic member is in a state of storing energy and ready to be released; Finally, release the positioning of the vehicle 23. When the wheels of the vehicle 23 leave the support block 20 under the action of gravity, at the moment of leaving the support block 20, the pressure of the vehicle 23 on the support block 20 is released, and the friction between the support block 20 and the ground rapidly decreases. The stored energy of the elastic member is released, and the swing rod 2 quickly resets, quickly pulling the support block 20 out of the wheel track area through the pulling rope 3 to complete the pulling of the support block 20.

[0027] In one embodiment, the energy storage and reset mechanism further includes a guide rod 1, and the guide rod 1 is horizontally suspended. The guide rod 1 remains relatively stationary with respect to the rotating shaft 6. The axis of the guide rod 1 is parallel to the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled. A limiting block 8 is provided at the end of the guide rod 1. A strip-shaped hole 5 is provided at the second end head, and the strip-shaped hole 5 extends along the axial direction of the swing rod 2. The strip-shaped hole 5 is sleeved on the guide rod 1 so that relative movement can occur between the swing rod 2 and the guide rod 1. The elastic member includes a reset spring 7, and the reset spring 7 is sleeved on the guide rod 1. One end of the reset spring 7 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 8, and the other end of the reset spring 7 is fixedly connected to the second end head. The reset spring 7 can store elastic potential energy when compressed or stretched, and the reset spring 7 can drive the swing rod 2 to reset when reset. Specifically, one or two reset springs 7 can be provided. When there is one reset spring 7, the reset spring 7 can be provided on either side of the swing rod 2. When the reset spring 7 is located on the side of the swing rod 2 close to the object to be pulled, when the pulling rope 3 is connected to the object to be pulled, the reset spring 7 is stretched to store energy. When the reset spring 7 is located on the side of the swing rod 2 away from the object to be pulled, when the pulling rope 3 is connected to the object to be pulled, the reset spring 7 is compressed to store energy. When there are two reset springs 7, they are provided on both sides of the swing rod 2. When the pulling rope 3 is connected to the object to be pulled, the reset spring 7 close to the object to be pulled is stretched to store energy, and the reset spring 7 away from the object to be pulled is compressed to store energy. The guide rod 1 can guide the storage and release of elastic energy of the reset spring 7.

[0028] In one embodiment, the length ratio of the first distance to the second distance is 5:1, that is, when the second end head moves a distance L, the first end head moves 5L. Of course, this parameter is a preferred parameter and can be adjusted accordingly.

[0029] In one embodiment, the length of the strip-shaped hole 5 is greater than the reference length, and the reference length = the length of the second distance - the length of the second distance × cos30°.

[0030] In one embodiment, the guiding portion is a guide wheel 4, and the pulling rope 3 is guided through the wheel groove of the guide wheel 4. The wheel groove of the guide wheel 4 can preferably be set as a V-shaped groove. Compared with other guiding setting methods, the guide wheel 4 generates less friction. Other guiding setting methods, such as: cylinders, arc-shaped convex blocks or arc-shaped guiding channels and the like.

[0031] In one embodiment, the guide wheel 4 can be located beside the swing rod 2, and the projection of the guide wheel 4 on the plane where the swing rod 2 is located is between the first end and the second end. In this way, the guide wheel 4, the first end, and the second end form a triangle. Preferably, the projection of the guide wheel 4 is between the first end and the rotating shaft 6. At this time, the guide wheel 4, the first end, and the second end form an acute triangle. Of course, the guide wheel 4 can also be far away from the swing rod 2 and close to the first end, that is, the projection of the guide wheel 4 on the plane where the swing rod 2 is located is not on the swing rod 2, but close to the first end. At this time, the guide wheel 4, the first end, and the second end also form a triangle, but it is an obtuse triangle.

[0032] In one embodiment, when the object to be pulled is the support block 20, since the support block 20 used in the test is usually a wooden trapezoidal prism block, its length (L) is 710 mm, the height on one side (H1) is 80 mm, the height on the other side (H2) is 114 mm, and the width (W) is 300 mm. The volume of the support block 20 is 20448 cm 3 , calculated at a density of 0.68 g / cm 3 , the overall weight is 13.9 kg. Correspondingly, when designing this pulling mechanism, the following parameters need to be satisfied: the length of the swing rod 2 is 720 mm, the lever ratio is 5:1 (the first distance and the second distance), the length of the strip hole 5 is 40 mm; the diameter of the guide rod 1 is 10 mm; a total of two return springs 7 are provided, and the total length of each return spring 7 should be 300 mm. The coil diameter of the helical spring of the return spring 7 is 35 mm, and the return spring 7 uses a helical spring with a spring constant of 20000 N / m.

[0033] Parameters of the return spring: The parameter design process is as follows: As Figure 12 shown, when the swing rod 2 is reset from the terminal positions A1 and B1 to the initial positions A0 and B0, during the movement, the elastic force of the return spring 7 passes through the swing rod 2 and the guide wheel 4, and applies a pulling force to the support block 20 to make it first accelerate by overcoming the friction force. After the swing rod 2 moves to the positions A0 and B0 and the return spring 7 no longer outputs elastic force, the support block 20 decelerates under the action of the friction force. Assuming there is no friction between the swing rod 2 and the pulling rope 3, according to the law of conservation of energy, the elastic potential energy of the spring is equal to the energy of the work done by the friction force of the slider. The friction coefficient between the wooden block and the cement or asphalt road surface is between 0.4 - 0.6. Considering that the friction force between the support block 20 and the ground should not be too small, calculated according to 0.6, the 13.9 kg support block 20 slides 900 mm (in fact, sliding about 600 mm can ensure that the support block 20 leaves the wheel travel track area, but considering that the subsequent deceleration process of the support block 20 is slower, and the test requires pulling out in the shortest possible time, so a relatively large value is taken). The work done by the friction force W = μF N×d = 0.6×13.9×9.8×0.9 = 74 J (When actually setting the height of the swing rod 2, its height may be slightly greater than the height of the handle 22 of the support block 20, so that the pulling force will generate a vertical upward component force, and the work done by friction will be much less than this value). The work done by friction is equal to 4 times the elastic potential energy U of the return spring 7 (two return springs 7 are provided, and the potential energy of the return spring 7 storing energy by compression is equal to the potential energy of the return spring 7 storing energy by stretching), U = 1 / 2kx 2 , so kx 2 = 74 J. Calculated according to the spring constant of each spring being 20000 N / m, the stretching or compressing stroke of the return spring 7 should reach 60 mm. Assuming that when the stretching or compressing stroke should reach 60 mm, the angle between A1, B1 and A0, B0 is 30°, and the length of the swing rod 2 is 720 mm, then with the rotation fulcrum as the center, the lever ratio is 5:1. Therefore, the total length of the return spring 7 should be 300 mm, and the compression or stretching amount is 20%, which does not exceed the elastic deformation range of the spring.

[0034] Since the swing rod 2 rotates around the rotating shaft 6, there should be enough movement space for the strip-shaped hole 5 designed between the swing rod 2 and the guide rod 1. Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 12 shown. Through trigonometric function calculation, the length of the strip-shaped hole 5 should be greater than the reference length. The reference length = 120 mm - 120 mm×cos30° = 16 mm. The coil diameter of the helical spring of the corresponding return spring 7 should be greater than 16 mm. Considering the diameter of the guide rod 1, the length of the strip-shaped hole 5 is designed to be 40 mm, the diameter of the guide rod 1 is 10 mm, and the coil diameter of the helical spring of the return spring 7 is 35 mm.

[0035] The return spring 7 uses a helical spring with a spring constant of 20000 N / m. The elastic force when the compression amount is 60 mm is F = kx = 1200 N. The total elastic force of the two return springs 7 is 2400 N. Since the lever ratio is 5:1, the traction force of the pulling rope 3 is 12000 N, and the force is within the acceptable range of adults.

[0036] Embodiment 2 As Figures 1 to 15 shown, this embodiment provides a pulling device, including an installation platform 9 and the pulling mechanism in Embodiment 1. The pulling mechanism is installed on the installation platform 9. The pulling mechanism is integrated on the installation platform 9, which is convenient for setting this pulling device at a preset position. The installation platform 9 needs to be relatively stationary with respect to the road surface. When in use, the installation platform 9 is set at the preset position in advance, such as beside the support block 20, and then it can be used.

[0037] In one embodiment, the rotating shaft 6 is perpendicular to the bearing surface of the mounting platform 9. The rotating shaft 6 can be fixedly connected or rotatably connected to the mounting platform 9. When the rotating shaft 6 is fixed to the mounting platform 9, a rotating hole needs to be formed in the swing rod 2, and the rotating hole is sleeved on the rotating shaft 6 to achieve rotation. Of course, the rotating hole and the rotating shaft 6 can be connected by a bearing or a rotating sleeve to reduce the friction between the swing rod 2 and the rotating shaft 6. When the rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the mounting platform 9, the swing rod 2 is fixed to the rotating shaft 6. For example, a mounting hole is formed in the swing rod 2, and the mounting hole is sleeved on the rotating shaft 6, and the mounting hole and the rotating shaft 6 are fixedly connected, such as by glue or by bolts. For the rotatable connection mode between the rotating shaft 6 and the mounting platform 9, a rotating base can be preset on the mounting platform 9, and a rotating groove is provided on the rotating base, and the rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the rotating groove through a bearing.

[0038] In one embodiment, the guide rod 1 can be fixed to the mounting platform 9 through the limit blocks 8 at both ends and is horizontally suspended.

[0039] In one embodiment, a driving wheel and a limiting mechanism are provided under the mounting platform 9; the driving wheel includes a driven rear wheel 11 and a driving front wheel 10. The driving front wheel 10 is used for steering so that the mounting platform 9 becomes a movable platform, facilitating the transfer of the mounting platform 9 with the pulling mechanism. The driving front wheel 10 is installed at one end of the mounting platform 9, and this end is the front end in the forward direction. The driven rear wheel 11 is installed at the other end of the mounting platform 9, and this end is the rear end in the forward direction. By controlling the driving front wheel 10, the forward movement and steering of the mounting platform 9 can be realized. The guide rod 1 of the pulling mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the mounting platform 9, that is, the end where the driven rear wheel 11 is provided, and the axis of the guide rod 1 is parallel to the axle of the driven rear wheel 11. The first end of the swing rod 2 of the pulling mechanism is close to the front end of the mounting platform 9, that is, the end where the driving front wheel 10 is provided. The limiting mechanism includes a positioning plate 12 and a lifting device. The positioning plate 12 has a friction plate surface for contacting the ground, and the lifting device can drive the positioning plate 12 to lift, realizing the contact and separation of the friction plate surface from the ground. When the friction plate surface of the positioning plate 12 contacts the ground, the stability of the relative static state between the mounting platform 9 and the ground can be improved, avoiding the displacement of the mounting platform 9 itself when pulling the object to be pulled. The reference to the prior art can be made for the forward movement and steering methods of the driving front wheel 10, including but not limited to that the driving front wheel 10 is a rotatable steering wheel with an independent driving device, or a non-rotatable directional wheel with an independent driving device, and the rotation is achieved through the speed difference between the directional wheels on the left and right sides. It is recommended that both the driving front wheel 10 and the driven rear wheel 11 adopt directional wheels, that is, wheels for straight-line travel, so as to utilize the friction between the wheels and the ground to improve the stability of the relative static state between the mounting platform 9 and the ground. The control methods include but are not limited to remote control or setting a controller on the mounting platform 9.

[0040] In one embodiment, the lifting device is a vertically arranged electric telescopic cylinder 13. The cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the mounting platform 9, and the piston rod of the electric telescopic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 12. The lifting of the positioning plate 12 can be achieved by the telescoping of the piston rod. In addition, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder or a pneumatic telescopic cylinder can be used to replace the electric telescopic cylinder. In addition, a scissor lift mechanism can also be used as the lifting device.

[0041] In one embodiment, at the rear end of the mounting platform 9, that is, the end where the driven rear wheel 11 is provided, an operation armrest 14 is provided. A positioning switch 15, a left acceleration button 16, and a right acceleration button 17 are provided on the operation armrest 14.

[0042] The positioning switch 15 is electrically connected to the lifting device. When the positioning switch 15 is pressed, the lifting device can lower the positioning plate 12. When the positioning switch 15 is pressed again, the lifting device can lift the positioning plate 12. The driving front wheels 10 include a left front wheel and a right front wheel, and both the left front wheel, the right front wheel and the driven rear wheel 11 are directional wheels. The left front wheel is driven by a left motor, and the right front wheel is driven by a right motor. Both the left motor and the right motor are provided with a motor controller and a motor encoder. The motor encoder is used to detect the rotation angle of the output shaft of the motor, and the motor controller is used to control the start and speed of the motor. The motor controller is electrically connected to the motor encoder and is used to receive the signal of the motor encoder. The left acceleration button 16 is electrically connected to the motor controller of the left motor, and the right acceleration button 17 is electrically connected to the motor controller of the right motor. After the positioning plate 12 is lifted off the ground, by pushing the installation platform 9 forward through the operating armrest 14, the driving front wheels 10 and the driven rear wheel 11 move forward, giving the driving front wheels 10 and the driven rear wheel 11 an initial moving speed. The left front wheel and the right front wheel of the driving front wheels 10 drive the motor shafts of the left motor and the right motor to rotate respectively, which are then detected by their respective motor encoders. Then the motor controller receives the angle signals detected by the motor encoders and controls the start of the left motor and the right motor to drive the left front wheel and the right front wheel to start rotating at a constant speed to assist the forward movement of the installation platform 9. When the left acceleration button 16 is pressed, the motor controller of the left motor drives the motor shaft of the left motor to accelerate and rotate, so that the left front wheel will accelerate, thus realizing a right turn. When the right acceleration button 17 is pressed, the right front wheel will accelerate, thus realizing a left turn. Generally speaking, the left acceleration button 16 is set on the left side of the operating armrest 14 for convenient pressing with the left hand, and the right acceleration button 17 is set on the right side of the operating armrest 14 for convenient pressing with the right hand. Since the left acceleration button 16, the right acceleration button 17 and the steering directions are opposite, the operator can know the relationship between the left acceleration button 16, the right acceleration button 17 and the steering through familiarity. To conform to human intuition, the left acceleration button 16 can also be set on the right side of the operating armrest 14 for convenient pressing with the right hand, and the right acceleration button 17 is set on the left side of the operating armrest 14 for convenient pressing with the left hand. In this way, when pressing with the left hand, it will turn to the left, and when pressing with the right hand, it will turn to the right. When pulling the operating armrest 14 to stop the movement of the trolley, after the motor encoder detects this signal, the motor controller drives the left motor and the right motor to stop rotating.

[0043] In an embodiment, an installation cavity is provided in the installation platform 9, and a storage battery 18 is provided in the installation cavity. The driving front wheels 10, the lifting device, the positioning switch 15, the left acceleration button 16 and the right acceleration button 17 are all electrically connected to the storage battery 18. The storage battery 18 provides power on the one hand and can increase the weight of the installation platform 9 on the other hand. Preferably, four storage batteries 18 can be provided, and the four storage batteries 18 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the installation cavity.

[0044] In one embodiment, in addition to being able to move the pulling mechanism, the installation platform 9 can also place the objects to be pulled on the installation platform 9, and transfer the objects to be pulled, such as transporting the entire set of multi-axle wheel support kit from the storage room to the test site, and transporting it back to the storage room. Compared with manual pulling, the greater labor intensity and the danger of manual handling are reduced.

[0045] The installation platform 9 is designed according to the size of the multi-axle wheel support kit: a rectangular platform is selected for this installation platform 9. The length of the installation platform 9 (front to rear end) should be greater than the width of the two support blocks 20 and the distance between them, so the length is 700mm; the width of the installation platform 9 should be greater than the length of the support block 20. Since the length W of the support block 20 is 710mm, the length of this installation platform 9 is 850mm. The weight of a single support block 20 is about 13.9kg, calculated as 15kg, taking into account the two support blocks 20, two transition blocks 21, and two guide blocks 19, the total load-bearing capacity and auxiliary drive capacity are designed to be 180kg (considering the reserve factor).

[0046] The pulling device can be used in the preparation and implementation of the test of the whole vehicle drop method of the needle air suspension: ① The process of moving the support block 20 out of the wheel running track area is upgraded from manual to power-assisted or automatic, and the guide wheel 4 and the swing rod 2 are used to make the pulling rope 3 move in an arc, and the characteristics of the reset spring 7 that the energy is stored and released instantly are used to apply a certain pulling force to the support block 20 in a short time, and the support block 20 is quickly pulled out, that is, the pulling time is guaranteed. At the same time, the lever principle is used to amplify the retracting and releasing stroke of the pulling rope, so that the support block 20 is completely out of the wheel running track area. ② It is used to transport the test device kit such as the support block 20, and transport it back and forth between the storage room and the test site. ③ The structure of the pulling device is relatively simple, compact, low in manufacturing cost, and relatively simple to operate, under the premise of completing specific functions. For example, the speed range of the wheel power assist is set to automatically adapt to the speed and provide power assist within the range of 3km / h~6km / h, and the speed change or shift mechanism is cancelled, and only the speed difference of the wheels on both sides is used to achieve steering, replacing the complex steering control mechanism.

[0047] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A drawer mechanism, characterized in that, Comprising: A swing rod, which can rotate horizontally through a vertically arranged rotating shaft. The swing rod includes a first end and a second end. There is a first distance between the first end and the rotating shaft, and a second distance between the second end and the rotating shaft. The first distance is greater than the second distance. A pulling rope is connected to the first end, and the pulling rope is used to connect with the object to be pulled and drawn. A guiding mechanism, which includes a guiding part. The guiding part is used to guide the pulling rope so that the extending direction of the pulling rope between the guiding part and the object to be pulled and drawn is parallel to the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled and drawn. And an energy storage and reset mechanism, which includes an elastic member for maintaining the second end in its original position. The axis of the swing rod intersects with the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled and drawn when the second end is in its original position.

2. The draw mechanism according to claim 1, wherein, The energy storage and reset mechanism further includes a horizontally suspended guiding rod, which is relatively stationary with respect to the rotating shaft. The axis of the guiding rod is parallel to the preset moving direction of the object to be pulled and drawn. Limit blocks are provided at both ends of the guiding rod. A strip-shaped hole is provided on the second end, and the strip-shaped hole extends along the axial direction of the swing rod. The strip-shaped hole is sleeved on the guiding rod. The elastic member includes a reset spring sleeved on the guiding rod. One end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the limit block, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the second end.

3. The draw mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length ratio of the first distance to the second distance is 5:

1.

4. The drawer mechanism according to claim 3, wherein The length of the strip-shaped hole is greater than the reference length, and the reference length = the length of the second distance - the length of the second distance × cos30°.

5. The draw mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding part is a guiding wheel.

6. A drawing device, characterized in that, Comprising an installation platform and a pulling and drawing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-5 installed on the installation platform.

7. The draw-out device according to claim 6, wherein, A driving wheel and a limiting mechanism are provided under the installation platform. The driving wheel includes a driven rear wheel and a driving front wheel for steering. The driving front wheel and the driven rear wheel are respectively arranged at both ends of the installation platform. The guiding rod of the pulling and drawing mechanism as described in claim 2 is arranged at the end of the installation platform where the driven rear wheel is provided. The axis of the guiding rod is parallel to the axle of the driven rear wheel. The first end of the swing rod of the pulling and drawing mechanism is close to the end of the installation platform where the driving front wheel is provided. The limiting mechanism includes a positioning plate and a lifting device for driving the positioning plate to lift and lower. The positioning plate has a friction plate surface for contacting the ground.

8. The drawer device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lifting device is a vertically arranged electric telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the installation platform, and the piston rod of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the positioning plate.

9. The draw-out device according to claim 8, characterized in that, One end of the installation platform where the driven rear wheels are provided is provided with an operation armrest. A positioning switch, a left acceleration button and a right acceleration button are arranged on the operation armrest. The positioning switch is electrically connected to the lifting device. The driving front wheels include a left front wheel and a right front wheel. The left front wheel is driven by a left motor, and the right front wheel is driven by a right motor. Motor controllers and motor encoders are arranged on both the left motor and the right motor. The left acceleration button is electrically connected to the motor controller of the left motor, and the right acceleration button is electrically connected to the motor controller of the right motor.

10. The draw device according to claim 9, wherein, An installation cavity is arranged inside the installation platform, and a storage battery is arranged inside the installation cavity. The driving front wheels, the lifting device, the positioning switch, the left acceleration button and the right acceleration button are all electrically connected to the storage battery.

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