A pretreatment device for grain mycotoxin detection

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pretreatment device for grain mycotoxin detection in the field of mycotoxin detection technology. The device comprises a base, a grinding trough assembly and a first liquid cooling assembly disposed within the base, a support rod fixedly connected to the base, a grinding head assembly hingedly connected to the support rod, a second liquid cooling assembly and a liquid supply assembly disposed within the grinding head assembly, a controller, an extraction liquid storage tank, and a cooling liquid storage tank fixedly connected to the sidewalls of the base, and the grinding trough assembly, the first liquid cooling assembly, the grinding head assembly, the second liquid cooling assembly, and the liquid supply assembly are all signal-connected to the controller. The present invention is novel and effective. By adaptively feeding a low-temperature-resistant extractant into the grinding head while the grinding head is cryogenically grinding and pulverizing the sample to be tested, the device not only rinses the grinding head and improves grinding efficiency, but also enhances the extractant's effect on the mycotoxin extraction of the sample to be tested by utilizing the pressure and shear force during grinding, thereby ensuring the accuracy of subsequent test results, improving test efficiency, and reducing test time and difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mycotoxin detection, and in particular is a pre-treatment device for grain mycotoxin detection. Background Art

[0002] During the planting, harvesting, storage, and processing of grain, it is susceptible to mold contamination, producing a variety of mycotoxins, such as aflatoxins, ochratoxins, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol (deoxynivalenol). These toxins are highly toxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressive, posing a serious threat to human and animal health. Therefore, the detection of mycotoxins in grain has become essential for ensuring food safety, reducing economic losses, and protecting consumer health.

[0003] Traditional pre-processing for mycotoxin testing in grains involves first pulverizing the grain sample in a low-temperature pulverizer equipped with a base, then using an organic solution to dissolve and extract any mycotoxins present in the grain sample for testing. However, because there is no liquid involved in the low-temperature pulverization process to conduct heat generated by shear and friction, the low-temperature pulverization function, which prevents mycotoxin degradation and pulverization, is limited. Thorough low-temperature pulverization of these grain samples is crucial for subsequent testing accuracy. Even after sufficient low-temperature pulverization, the addition of an organic solution for extraction can easily result in uneven mixing and insufficient extraction. Furthermore, the tedious nature of the pulverization and extraction steps hinders efficient, multi-batch testing for grain mycotoxins.

[0004] Patent document CN118408801B discloses a pretreatment device that evenly sprays an extractant through a screw nut. However, even though the spraying pattern is relatively uniform, the device cannot adaptively spray the extractant and mix it evenly with the grain sample according to the accumulated position of the grain sample to enhance the extraction effect. Furthermore, the shear and friction heat generated by the stirring pulverization structure is difficult to diffuse from the sample to the outer wall of the container for heat dissipation and cooling, which can easily lead to false negative detection results of mycotoxin degradation.

[0005] To this end, it is necessary to propose a pretreatment device for food mycotoxin detection that can uniformly and adaptively add extraction solvent while crushing food samples, reduce the adhesion of sample fragments on the crushing structure, thereby enhancing the crushing effect, and can uniformly stir food samples and use the shear force generated by the crushing structure to fully dissolve the mycotoxins in the extractant, ensuring a low-temperature cooling effect to prevent the degradation of mycotoxins. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pretreatment device for the detection of mycotoxins in grains. By adaptively supplying a low-temperature resistant extractant while the grinding head is grinding and crushing the sample to be tested at low temperature, not only the grinding head is rinsed to improve the grinding efficiency, but also the pressure and shear force during grinding are used to enhance the extraction effect of the extractant on the mycotoxins in the sample to be tested, thereby ensuring the accuracy of subsequent test results, improving the efficiency of detection work, and reducing detection time and difficulty.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a pretreatment device for grain mycotoxin detection, comprising a base, a grinding groove assembly and a first liquid cooling assembly provided inside the base, a support rod fixedly connected to the base, a grinding head assembly hingedly connected to the support rod, a second liquid cooling assembly and a liquid supply assembly provided inside the grinding head assembly, a controller, an extraction liquid storage tank and a cooling liquid storage tank fixedly connected to the side wall of the base, the grinding groove assembly, the first liquid cooling assembly, the grinding head assembly, the second liquid cooling assembly and the liquid supply assembly are all connected to the controller signal;

[0008] The grinding trough assembly is used to provide torque for the pre-treatment grinding of grain samples through the rotation of the planetary gear structure; the first liquid cooling assembly is used to use the liquid cooling principle to keep the grinding trough assembly at -20℃-0℃ during the pre-treatment grinding process to avoid degradation of fungal toxins; the grinding head assembly is used to cooperate with the rotation of the grinding trough assembly for pre-treatment grinding; the second liquid cooling assembly is used to use the liquid cooling principle to keep the grinding head assembly at -20℃-0℃; the liquid supply assembly is used to differentially supply extractant to rinse the grinding head assembly and homogenize the ground material powder according to the change in the pressure direction of the grinding head assembly during the pre-treatment grinding process.

[0009] The basic scheme works as follows: the pre-treatment device consists of multiple components, each of which works in concert under the control of a controller. The grinding trough assembly rotates through a planetary gear structure to provide torque for grinding the grain sample, causing it to be ground and pulverized within the grinding trough. The first and second liquid cooling assemblies cool the grinding trough and grinding head assemblies, respectively, maintaining low temperatures to prevent mycotoxins from degrading during the grinding process. The grinding head assembly rotates in conjunction with the grinding trough assembly to perform grinding. The liquid supply assembly differentially supplies extractant based on the direction of pressure applied to the grinding head assembly. This not only rinses the grinding head assembly to improve grinding efficiency, but also homogenizes the ground material. Furthermore, the pressure and shear forces during grinding enhance the extractant's ability to extract mycotoxins from the sample being tested.

[0010] During the grinding process, the grain sample exerts varying pressure on the grinding head assembly. The liquid supply assembly senses these changes in pressure direction and supplies extractant accordingly. When the grinding head assembly experiences greater pressure in a particular direction, the liquid supply assembly increases the amount of extractant supplied in that direction, allowing the extractant to better rinse the grinding head assembly, reducing adhesion of sample debris to the grinding head. This ensures even contact between the extractant and the grain sample, promoting the full dissolution of mycotoxins.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. By grinding and crushing grain samples in a low-temperature environment and using the pressure and shear force during grinding to enhance the extraction effect of the extractant on the mycotoxins in the test samples, the mycotoxins in the grain samples can be retained to the greatest extent, avoiding their degradation or loss during the pretreatment process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of subsequent test results.

[0012] 2. The liquid supply component can differentially supply extractant according to the change in the direction of the pressure applied to the grinding head component. It not only rinses the grinding head to improve grinding efficiency, reduces the adhesion of sample fragments on the grinding structure, and enhances the grinding effect, but also makes the ground material powder uniform, shortens the pre-processing time and steps of the grain sample, and improves the work efficiency of the entire detection process.

[0013] 3. The device integrates multiple functions such as grinding, cooling, and liquid supply, realizing the integrated operation of pre-treatment for grain mycotoxin detection, reducing the equipment and steps required in the detection process, reducing the complexity and difficulty of detection, and further shortening the detection time.

[0014] 4. The device adopts a modular design with clear division of labor and reasonable structure among the components. The controller controls the signals of each component, realizing the automatic operation of the device, reducing the error and labor intensity of manual operation, and improving the stability and reliability of the device.

[0015] Furthermore, the grinding groove assembly includes a grinding motor, which is fixedly connected to the base and has an output shaft pointing vertically upward. A driving gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the grinding motor. The top wall of the base is rotatably connected to at least three grinding grooves arranged at equal intervals. The outer periphery of the grinding groove is fixedly connected to a driven gear meshing with the driving gear. The grinding motor is connected to the controller signal.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. The driving gear on the output shaft of the grinding motor meshes with the driven gears on the periphery of multiple grinding grooves, forming a transmission structure similar to a planetary gear. This structure can convert the single rotational motion of the grinding motor into the synchronous rotational motion of multiple grinding grooves, and the rotation direction and speed of each grinding groove can be precisely controlled according to the gear transmission ratio, providing stable and powerful torque for the pre-treatment grinding of grain samples, ensuring that the grain samples can be fully ground and crushed, and improving the grinding efficiency and quality. The simultaneous rotation of multiple grinding grooves increases the contact area and contact frequency between the grain sample and the grinding structure, allowing the grain sample to be evenly ground into fine powder in a shorter time, further improving the grinding effect, and providing more favorable conditions for the subsequent extraction of mycotoxins.

[0017] 2. The design allows the number of grinding troughs to be increased or decreased according to actual needs. When a large number of grain samples need to be processed, the number of grinding troughs can be increased to improve the overall grinding processing capacity; when processing a small number of samples or when there are requirements for device space, the number of grinding troughs can be reduced to make the device more compact. This scalability enables the pre-treatment device to adapt to grain mycotoxin detection tasks of different scales and needs. The grinding trough is rotatably connected to the top wall of the base, and each grinding trough is relatively independent. When a grinding trough is worn or fails, it can be maintained or replaced individually without affecting the normal operation of other grinding troughs, reducing the maintenance cost and downtime of the device and improving the reliability and service life of the device.

[0018] Furthermore, the first liquid cooling component includes a first cold liquid pump, which is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank. The output end of the first cold liquid pump is connected to a tank liquid cooling pipe corresponding to the number of grinding tanks. The walls of the grinding tanks are each provided with a first liquid cooling tank and a first waste liquid tank. The first liquid cooling tanks are each laid in a spiral funnel shape and the ends are each connected to the first waste liquid tank. The first waste liquid tanks each extend from the top of the grinding tank to the bottom of the grinding tank and are fixedly connected to an annular slide. The tank liquid cooling pipes are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of the first liquid cooling tank located in the center of the bottom of the grinding tank. The outer periphery of the tank liquid cooling pipe is rotatably connected to an annular slide. The annular slides are slidably matched with the corresponding annular slides to connect the first waste liquid tank to the annular slide. The bottom wall of the annular slide is connected to a first recovery pipe, the first recovery pipe is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank, and the first cold liquid pump is connected to the controller signal.

[0019] The basic solution offers the following benefits: 1. The first liquid cooling tank is laid out in a spiral funnel shape within the grinding tank wall. This design significantly increases the contact area between the coolant and the grinding tank wall, allowing the coolant to more fully and evenly absorb the heat generated during the grinding process, thereby more effectively maintaining the grinding tank at a low temperature. The spiral structure also guides the coolant along a specific path, extending its residence time within the grinding tank and improving cooling efficiency, thereby ensuring that high temperatures during the grinding process will not cause mycotoxin degradation in the grain sample. Each grinding tank has its own corresponding tank liquid cooling pipe, a first liquid cooling tank, and a first waste liquid tank, forming an independent cooling circulation system. This design prevents interference between coolants in different grinding tanks and enables precise control of the coolant flow and temperature based on the actual operating conditions of each grinding tank (such as grinding intensity, grain sample size, etc.), achieving precise temperature regulation for each grinding tank and further improving the effectiveness of maintaining a low temperature.

[0020] 2. The tank liquid cooling pipe is connected to the first liquid cooling groove opening at the center of the bottom of the grinding tank through rotation, and at the same time, an annular chute is connected to the outer periphery of the tank liquid cooling pipe through rotation, and the annular chute is slidably matched with the annular slide of the first waste liquid tank extending from the grinding groove opening to the bottom. This design allows the input and output channels of the coolant to remain unobstructed during the rotation of the grinding tank, and will not be hindered by the rotation of the grinding tank, thereby ensuring the smooth circulation of the coolant. After the first waste liquid tank collects the used coolant, the waste liquid is transported to the annular chute through the sliding fit of the annular slide and the annular chute, and then returned to the cooling liquid storage tank through the first recovery pipe. This waste liquid recovery system not only realizes the recycling of coolant and reduces costs, but also avoids environmental pollution caused by waste liquid, while ensuring the stable operation of the cooling system and reducing the problem of temperature fluctuation in the grinding tank caused by leakage or insufficient supply of coolant.

[0021] Furthermore, the grinding head assembly includes a top cover, which is hinged to the support rod. The bottom wall of the top cover is provided with columnar grooves corresponding to the number of grinding grooves. A through hole is provided in the center of the bottom wall of the columnar groove. A grinding spring is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the columnar groove. The bottom end of the grinding spring is fixedly connected to the grinding head. The top wall of the grinding head is fixedly connected to a stabilizing rod, which passes through the corresponding grinding springs and through holes and extends to the inside of the columnar groove.

[0022] The basic solution offers the following benefits: 1. During the grinding process, different grain samples vary in hardness, particle size, and initial state, resulting in varying grinding pressures. The grinding spring automatically expands and contracts based on the reaction force of the grain sample on the grinding head, adjusting the distance and pressure between the grinding head and the grinding trough. When encountering harder grain samples, the grinding spring compresses, increasing the pressure between the grinding head and the grinding trough to enhance grinding force. As the grain sample gradually pulverizes and its hardness decreases, the grinding spring expands, increasing the distance between the grinding head and the grinding trough to prevent over-grinding. This adaptive adjustment ensures efficient and uniform pulverization of the grain sample. A stabilizing rod extends through the grinding spring and through-hole into the cylindrical trough, providing stable guidance for the grinding head. During the grinding process, the grinding head is subjected to forces from all directions from the grain sample and the elastic force of the grinding spring. The stabilizing rod prevents excessive deflection or shaking of the grinding head during movement, improving grinding stability and accuracy and ensuring uniform pulverization of the grain sample.

[0023] 2. The hinged connection between the top cover and the support rod provides greater flexibility for the grinding head assembly. To place and remove grain samples, simply lift the top cover to conveniently insert the grain sample into the grinding trough or remove the ground powder. This simple and quick operation significantly improves work efficiency. This design also facilitates cleaning and maintenance of the grinding head assembly. When grinding different types or batches of grain samples, the grinding head and grinding trough can be cleaned promptly to prevent sample residue from affecting subsequent test results.

[0024] Furthermore, the second liquid cooling component includes a second cold liquid pump, which is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank. The output end of the second cold liquid pump is connected to a head liquid cooling pipe corresponding to the number of grinding heads. A second liquid cooling tank is opened inside the grinding head. The second liquid cooling tank vertically passes through the corresponding stabilizing rod and the grinding head and is laid in a spiral funnel shape inside the bottom wall of the grinding head. The end of the second liquid cooling tank is connected to a second waste liquid tank, and the second waste liquid tank passes upward through the grinding head and the stabilizing rod. The head liquid cooling pipes are respectively connected to the top of the corresponding second liquid cooling tank, and the top of the second waste liquid tank is connected to a second recovery pipe. The second recovery pipe is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank, and the second cold liquid pump is connected to the controller signal.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. The second liquid cooling component is specifically designed to cool the grinding head. Since the grinding head is in direct contact with the grain sample during the grinding process, a large amount of frictional heat is generated, which can easily cause the temperature of the grinding head to rise. The second liquid cooling tank vertically passes through the stabilizing rod and the grinding head and is laid out in a spiral funnel shape inside the bottom wall of the grinding head. This design allows the coolant to act directly on the key heating parts of the grinding head, such as the bottom wall in contact with the grain sample, achieving localized targeted and efficient cooling, effectively reducing the temperature of the grinding head, preventing the degradation of fungal toxins in the grain sample due to high temperature, and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent test results. The spiral funnel-shaped second liquid cooling tank increases the flow path and contact area of ​​the coolant inside the grinding head, allowing the coolant to absorb the heat of the grinding head more evenly and avoiding the occurrence of local overheating. At the same time, the coolant can continuously carry away heat during the flow process, maintaining the uniformity and stability of the grinding head temperature, ensuring that the grinding process is carried out at an appropriate temperature, and improving the grinding quality and efficiency.

[0026] 2. Effective cooling can reduce thermal damage to the grinding head caused by high temperatures, such as thermal deformation and increased wear, thereby extending the grinding head's service life and reducing maintenance costs. The stable cooling system ensures that the grinding head maintains optimal working condition during long, high-intensity grinding operations, avoiding system failures caused by excessive temperatures. This improves the reliability and stability of the entire pre-treatment device and provides reliable sample pre-treatment support for grain mycotoxin testing.

[0027] Furthermore, the liquid supply component includes a liquid supply pump, which is connected to the extraction liquid storage tank, and the output end of the liquid supply pump is connected to a liquid supply pipe, which is connected to at least 4 liquid distribution pipes, and each liquid distribution pipe is provided with a liquid distribution valve. At least 4 piston cylinders are fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylindrical groove, and the piston cylinders in the same cylindrical groove are distributed around the corresponding stabilizing rods. There are piston blocks slidingly fitted in the piston cylinders, and the side of the piston block close to the corresponding stabilizing rod is fixedly connected to a push rod, and the end of the push rod is fixedly connected to a push arc block. The push arc blocks in the same cylindrical groove are distributed around the outer periphery of the corresponding stabilizing rod, and the piston blocks are fixedly connected to a return spring, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the piston cylinder, and the return spring surrounds the outer periphery of the corresponding push rod. The liquid distribution pipes are respectively connected to the corresponding piston cylinders, and the piston cylinders are connected to a spray pipe, which extends downward to the bottom wall of the top cover around the grinding head and is connected. The spray pipe openings are all facing the surface of the grinding head and are all provided with silicone valves. The liquid supply pump and the liquid distribution valve are both connected to the controller signal.

[0028] The basic solution offers the following benefits: 1. A liquid separator valve is installed on the separator tube, allowing for independent control of the liquid supply to each piston cylinder. Different grinding heads experience varying pressures in different directions and magnitudes when grinding different grain samples, resulting in varying amounts of extractant. Precise control of the separator valve by the controller allows for the supply of an appropriate amount of extractant to each piston cylinder based on actual needs. This avoids the uneven supply of extractant caused by uniform liquid supply in traditional liquid supply methods, ensuring that each grinding head receives the appropriate amount of extractant, improving the accuracy and efficiency of mycotoxin extraction.

[0029] 2. The piston block, push rod, and push arc block are designed to respond to changes in the direction of pressure applied to the grinding head. When the grinding head is subjected to pressure from different directions during the grinding process, the push arc block is squeezed or released, driving the push rod and piston block to slide within the piston cylinder. This dynamic mechanical structure enables the fluid supply component to sense the grinding status in real time and automatically adjust the fluid supply volume and timing based on pressure changes, achieving adaptability and differentiation of fluid supply, further improving the accuracy of fluid supply.

[0030] 3. Multiple piston cylinders and spray pipes are installed within the same cylindrical tank. These pipes are distributed around the grinding head, with the nozzles facing the grinding head surface. This design allows the extractant to be sprayed evenly onto the grinding head from multiple directions, achieving comprehensive coverage of the grinding head. This prevents excessive or insufficient spraying of extractant in certain areas, ensures uniform contact between the ground material and the extractant, and improves the uniformity and consistency of mycotoxin extraction.

[0031] Furthermore, the head liquid cooling pipe and the second recovery pipe are both made of flexible materials.

[0032] The basic solution offers the following benefits: 1. During operation, the stabilizing rod of the grinding head assembly moves up and down, and oscillates to a certain degree, as the grinding process progresses. The head cooling tube and secondary recovery tube are made of flexible material, allowing them to bend and stretch freely with the movement of the grinding head without hindering its normal motion, ensuring a smooth grinding process and improving grinding efficiency and stability. This flexible material effectively prevents wear, deformation, and even damage to the pipes, reducing mechanical wear and extending their service life.

[0033] 2. During the grinding process, the grinding head is subject to significant forces and vibrations. Rigid pipes are prone to rupture when subjected to these forces and vibrations, resulting in coolant leakage or failure to properly recover waste liquid. Flexible materials offer excellent flexibility and impact resistance, capable of withstanding the forces and vibrations generated by the grinding head's movement, effectively preventing pipe rupture and ensuring the reliability of the cooling and recovery system. The flexible head cooling pipe and secondary recovery pipe maintain a strong seal during bending and stretching, preventing coolant and waste liquid leakage. This is crucial for maintaining the normal operation of the entire cooling and recovery system, avoiding problems such as reduced cooling efficiency and environmental pollution caused by leakage.

[0034] 3. When rigid pipes are subjected to vibrations generated by the grinding head's movement, they transmit the vibrations directly to the entire cooling and recovery system, causing a high level of system noise. Flexible materials, such as the head liquid cooling pipe and the secondary recovery pipe, provide a certain degree of shock absorption, absorbing and buffering vibrations, reducing the transmission of vibrations to the system, thereby reducing system noise during operation and improving the working environment.

[0035] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the grinding head is provided with neatly arranged spiral lines, and the inner wall of the grinding groove is paved with a grinding layer.

[0036] The basic solution offers the following benefits: 1. The neatly arranged spiral patterns on the bottom surface of the grinding head act like the threads on a drill bit, producing a combined cutting and crushing effect on the grain sample during the grinding process. These spiral patterns gradually guide and crush the grain sample, increasing the contact area and force between the grinding head and the grain sample, enabling the grain sample to be broken into powder more quickly, significantly improving grinding efficiency and reducing pre-processing time.

[0037] 2. The coarse abrasive layer on the inner wall of the grinding trough interacts with the spiral pattern on the bottom of the grinding head. As the grinding head rotates within the trough, the coarse abrasive layer rubs and grinds the grain sample, further refining it. Working together, the two can quickly grind the grain sample into a uniform powder, providing better sample conditions for subsequent mycotoxin extraction.

[0038] 3. The neat arrangement of the spiral lines allows the grinding head to distribute the force on the grain sample more evenly during the grinding process. It can evenly transmit the grinding force to all parts of the grain sample, avoiding local over-grinding or under-grinding, thus ensuring the uniform particle size of the ground grain sample.

[0039] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the top cover is paved with a sealing layer that matches the top wall of the base.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. During the pre-treatment process for grain mycotoxin testing, an extractant is used to soak and extract the ground grain powder, which also produces waste liquid. The sealing layer laid on the bottom wall of the top cover closely matches the top wall of the base, forming a closed space that effectively prevents the extractant and waste liquid from leaking out of the gap between the grinding tank and the top cover, avoiding pollution to the surrounding environment while also ensuring the stability and accuracy of the extraction process. The presence of the sealing layer can also prevent external dust, impurities, etc. from entering the grinding tank, ensuring the purity of the extractant and the originality of the grain sample, thereby improving the reliability of the mycotoxin test results.

[0041] 2. The first and second liquid cooling assemblies cool the grinding tank and grinding head, respectively, maintaining a low temperature environment that is conducive to mycotoxin extraction. The sealing layer reduces heat exchange between the grinding tank and the external environment, slowing heat loss and stabilizing the temperature within the grinding tank. This ensures the extraction process is carried out at an optimal temperature and improves mycotoxin extraction efficiency. This stable temperature environment prevents temperature fluctuations from affecting mycotoxins in grain samples, ensuring accurate and consistent test results.

[0042] Furthermore, the extraction liquid storage tank and the cooling liquid storage tank are both fixedly connected to a refrigerator for pre-cooling the extraction solvent and cooling the coolant. A locking piece that cooperates with the base is provided on one side of the top cover, and the refrigerators are both connected to the controller signal.

[0043] The basic solution offers the following benefits: 1. A cooler, permanently connected to the extraction tank, pre-cools the extraction solvent. During pre-treatment for grain mycotoxin testing, a low temperature environment helps maintain the stability and activity of mycotoxins while also improving extraction efficiency. The pre-cooled extraction solvent penetrates the grain sample more quickly, allowing the mycotoxins to dissolve more fully, resulting in more accurate test results. The cooler on the cooling tank continuously provides a low temperature for the coolant. During the grinding process, the first and second liquid cooling assemblies cool the grinding trough and grinding head with low-temperature coolant, preventing frictional heat generation that could denature or decompose the mycotoxins in the grain sample. The cooler ensures the coolant remains at an optimally low temperature, ensuring a stable temperature throughout the grinding and extraction process. The cooler's automated temperature control eliminates the need for frequent manual temperature adjustments; operators simply set the target temperature. The simple locking mechanism also reduces the number of steps required, improving the convenience and efficiency of the entire pre-treatment process.

[0044] 2. A locking mechanism on one side of the top cover mates with the base, securing it securely to the base during the grinding and extraction process. This not only ensures the stability of the device during operation, preventing liquid leakage and equipment failure caused by a loose top cover, but also facilitates opening and closing the device. To add grain samples or perform maintenance, the operator can easily unlock the locking mechanism and open the top cover. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of a pre-treatment device for detecting mycotoxins in grain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a top view of a pre-treatment device for detecting mycotoxins in grains according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of a pre-treatment device for detecting mycotoxins in grains according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A.

[0049] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1, base; 2, sealing layer; 3, locking member; 4, top cover; 5, support rod; 6, cooling liquid storage tank; 7, refrigerator; 8, second cold liquid pump; 9, first cold liquid pump; 10, second recovery pipe; 11, head liquid cooling pipe; 12, first recovery pipe; 13, tank liquid cooling pipe; 14, controller; 15, liquid supply pipe; 16, liquid supply pump; 17, extraction liquid storage tank; 18, grinding motor; 19, annular slide; 20, annular Sliding part; 21. First waste liquid tank; 22. First liquid cooling tank; 23. Grinding tank; 24. Second liquid cooling tank; 25. Driven gear; 26. Grinding head; 27. Spiral pattern; 28. Liquid dispensing pipe; 29. ​​Liquid dispensing valve; 30. Piston cylinder; 31. Liquid spraying pipe; 32. Piston block; 33. Return spring; 34. Push rod; 35. Push arc block; 36. Through hole; 37. Grinding spring; 38. Stabilizing rod; 39. Second waste liquid tank; 40. Driving gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Example 1

[0051] Basically as attached Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown: A pretreatment device for grain mycotoxin detection includes a base 1, a grinding trough assembly and a first liquid cooling assembly are installed inside the base 1, a support rod 5 is welded on the base 1, a grinding head assembly is hinged on the support rod 5, a second liquid cooling assembly and a liquid supply assembly are installed inside the grinding head assembly, a controller 14, an extraction liquid storage tank 17 and a cooling liquid storage tank 6 are welded on the side wall of the base 1, and the grinding trough assembly, the first liquid cooling assembly, the grinding head assembly, the second liquid cooling assembly and the liquid supply assembly are all connected to the controller 14 signal.

[0052] The bottom wall of the top cover 4 is paved with a sealing layer 2 that cooperates with the top wall of the base 1. The extraction liquid storage tank 17 and the cooling liquid storage tank 6 are both welded with a refrigerator 7 for pre-cooling the extraction solvent and cooling the coolant. A locking part 3 that cooperates with the base 1 is installed on one side of the top cover 4, and the refrigerator 7 is connected to the controller 14 signal.

[0053] The grinding groove assembly is used to provide torque for the pre-processing grinding of grain samples through the rotation of the planetary gear structure. The grinding groove assembly includes a grinding motor 18, which is welded to the base 1 and the output shaft is vertically upward. A driving gear 40 is coaxially welded to the output shaft of the grinding motor 18. The top wall of the base 1 is rotatably connected to at least three grinding grooves 23 arranged at equal intervals. The outer periphery of the grinding grooves 23 is welded with driven gears 25 that mesh with the driving gear 40. The grinding motor 18 is connected to the controller 14 for signal connection.

[0054] The first liquid cooling component is used to use the liquid cooling principle to keep the grinding tank assembly at -20℃-0℃ during the pre-treatment grinding process to avoid degradation of fungal toxins. The first liquid cooling component includes a first cold liquid pump 9, which is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank 6. The output end of the first cold liquid pump 9 is connected to a tank liquid cooling pipe 13 corresponding to the number of grinding tanks 23. The wall of the grinding tank 23 is provided with a first liquid cooling tank 22 and a first waste liquid tank 21. The first liquid cooling tank 22 is laid in a spiral funnel shape and the end is connected to the first waste liquid tank 21. The first waste liquid tank 21 is connected to the grinding tank 23. The top of the groove 23 extends to the bottom of the grinding groove 23 and is welded to an annular slide 20. The groove liquid cooling pipe 13 is respectively connected to the end of the first liquid cooling groove 22 located in the center of the bottom of the grinding groove 23. The outer periphery of the groove liquid cooling pipe 13 is rotatably connected to the annular slide 19. The annular slide 19 is slidably matched with the corresponding annular slide 20 to connect the first waste liquid groove 21 with the annular slide 19. The bottom wall of the annular slide 19 is connected to the first recovery pipe 12. The first recovery pipe 12 is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank 6, and the first cold liquid pump 9 is connected to the controller 14 signal.

[0055] The grinding head assembly is used to cooperate with the rotation of the grinding groove assembly for pre-processing grinding. The grinding head assembly includes a top cover 4, which is hinged to the support rod 5. The bottom wall of the top cover 4 is provided with columnar grooves corresponding to the number of grinding grooves 23. A through hole 36 is provided in the center of the bottom wall of the columnar groove. Grinding springs 37 are welded on the bottom wall of the columnar groove. The bottom end of the grinding spring 37 is welded with a grinding head 26. The top wall of the grinding head 26 is welded with a stabilizing rod 38. The stabilizing rod 38 passes through the corresponding grinding spring 37 and the through hole 36 respectively and extends to the inside of the columnar groove. The bottom surface of the grinding head 26 is provided with neatly arranged spiral patterns 27, and the inner wall of the grinding groove 23 is paved with a grinding layer.

[0056] The second liquid cooling component is used to keep the grinding head at -20℃-0℃ using the liquid cooling principle. The second liquid cooling component includes a second cold liquid pump 8, which is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank 6. The output end of the second cold liquid pump 8 is connected to a head liquid cooling pipe 11 corresponding to the number of grinding heads 26. A second liquid cooling groove 24 is opened inside the grinding head 26. The second liquid cooling groove 24 vertically passes through the corresponding stabilizing rod 38 and the grinding head 26 and is laid in a spiral funnel shape inside the bottom wall of the grinding head 26. The end of the second liquid cooling groove 24 is connected to a second waste liquid groove 39. The second waste liquid groove 39 passes upward through the grinding head 26 and the stabilizing rod 38. The head liquid cooling pipe 11 is respectively connected to the top of the corresponding second liquid cooling groove 24. The top of the second waste liquid groove 39 is connected to a second recovery pipe 10. The second recovery pipe 10 is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank 6. The second cold liquid pump 8 is connected to the controller 14 signal. The head liquid cooling pipe 11 and the second recovery pipe 10 are both made of flexible material.

[0057] The liquid supply component is used to differentially supply extractant to rinse the grinding head component and homogenize the grinding material powder according to the change in the pressure direction of the grinding head component during the pre-processing grinding process.

[0058] The specific implementation process is as follows: the testing staff loads the grain sample into the upper grinding groove 23 of the base 1, flexibly selecting the grinding groove 23 to use based on the sample type, quantity, and sample size. The top cover 4 is closed so that the sealing layer 2 is completely in contact with the top wall of the base 1. The locking member 3 is then tightened to ensure the device is airtight. The controller 14 then activates the refrigerator 7 to pre-cool the extractant and coolant in the extraction tank 17 and cooling tank 6, respectively, creating a low-temperature environment for pre-processing. The mycotoxin extractant for grain samples is generally methanol or acetonitrile, both of which have melting points below -20°C and will not be frozen by the protective low temperature of the pre-processing device.

[0059] After reaching a protective low temperature (e.g., -20°C), the grinding motor 18 within the base 1 begins operating. Its output shaft drives the driving gear 40, which, through the planetary gear mechanism, drives the surrounding driven gears 25 in synchronous rotation, causing each grinding trough 23 to orbit at a preset differential speed ratio. This motion induces multi-directional tumbling of the sample within the grinding trough 23, which, combined with the roughened abrasive layer on the inner wall of the grinding trough 23, achieves efficient crushing and mixing. Within the cylindrical trough, a grinding spring 37 pushes the bottom-welded grinding head 26 into contact with the rotating inner wall of the grinding trough 23. A stabilizing rod 38 at the top of the grinding head 26, nestled within the through-hole 36, limits its deflection while leaving ample space for it to trigger the adaptive spraying of the liquid supply assembly. The spiral grooves 27 on the bottom of the grinding head 26, frictionally acting to lift the sample powder evenly, which then falls back under the influence of gravity, resulting in repeated and uniform pulverization. This synergistic effect, combined with the roughened inner wall of the grinding trough 23, enhances the pulverization effect.

[0060] The first liquid cooling component is started synchronously, and the first cold liquid pump 9 pumps the low-temperature coolant in the cooling liquid storage tank 6 into the tank liquid cooling pipe 13. The coolant flows along the spiral funnel-shaped first liquid cooling tank 22 inside the wall of the grinding tank 23. The coolant first reaches the bottom of the grinding tank 23 where a large number of grain samples are gathered to ensure the low temperature effect. After fully absorbing the heat generated by grinding, the coolant passes through the dynamic channel formed by the annular slide 19 and the annular slide 20, and flows back to the cooling liquid storage tank 6 through the first recovery pipe 12, forming a closed-loop cooling path, which effectively prevents the degradation of fungal toxins due to high temperature of vermicelli. The second liquid cooling assembly acts independently on the grinding head assembly. The second cold liquid pump 8 delivers the coolant through the flexible head liquid cooling tube 11 and through the stabilizing rod 38 to the second liquid cooling tank 24 inside the grinding head 26. After the coolant flows downward through the vertical channel, it also first reaches the bottom of the grinding head 26 where it contacts a large amount of food samples, and then flows in a spiral funnel shape inside the bottom wall of the grinding head 26, and finally returns to the cooling liquid storage tank 6 through the second waste liquid tank 39 and the flexible second recovery tube 10, thereby cooling the grinding head 26 and further ensuring the stability of the toxin molecules. The flexible head liquid cooling tube 11 and the second recovery tube 10 are mainly used to cooperate with the stabilizing rod 38 that may shake and vibrate during the grinding process to avoid pipe rupture and limit the mobility of the stabilizing rod 38.

[0061] like Figure 4As shown, during the grinding process, the liquid supply assembly continuously sprays an extractant onto the periphery of the grinding head 26. The extractant flows downward along the spiral grooves 27 on the periphery of the grinding head 26, washing away any grain sample powder adhering to it. This simultaneously combines the pulverization and extraction processes, simplifying the pre-processing process and enhancing the extraction effect by leveraging the pressure exerted on the grain sample by the grinding head 26 during the pulverization process. If the grain sample in a particular grinding tank 23 is concentrated on one side of the grinding head 26, the mobility of the grinding spring 37 will cause the stabilizing rod 38 on the grinding head 26 to move in the same direction, thereby squeezing the liquid supply assembly. This forces a greater amount of extractant than the continuously added extractant to be squeezed and sprayed onto the corresponding location, flushing the concentrated grain sample and ensuring uniform pulverization of the grain sample, promoting the rapid dissolution of toxin molecules, and forming a uniform suspension, thus providing a high-quality sample for subsequent testing.

[0062] The entire process proceeds smoothly under the control of controller 14. Each component works synergistically, integrating pulverization and extraction, while maintaining a low temperature throughout the entire process to ensure the integrity of the mycotoxins and the accuracy of detection. Finally, after the top cover 4 is opened, the collected powder-solvent mixture is allowed to stand for filtration before being directly introduced into the testing equipment, completing an efficient and accurate pre-treatment process. Example 2

[0063] The difference from the above embodiment is that, as shown in the attached Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown: the liquid supply assembly includes a liquid supply pump 16, the liquid supply pump 16 is connected to the extraction liquid storage tank 17, the output end of the liquid supply pump 16 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 15, the liquid supply pipe 15 is connected to at least 4 liquid distribution pipes 28, and the liquid distribution pipes 28 are provided with liquid distribution valves 29. At least 4 piston cylinders 30 are welded on the top wall of the columnar groove. The piston cylinders 30 in the same columnar groove are distributed around the corresponding stabilizing rods 38. The piston cylinders 30 are all slidably fitted with piston blocks 32. The piston blocks 32 are welded with push rods 34 on the side close to the corresponding stabilizing rods 38. The ends of the push rods 34 are welded with push arc blocks 35. The pushing arc blocks 35 in a cylindrical groove are distributed on the outer periphery of the corresponding stabilizing rod 38, and the piston blocks 32 are welded with return springs 33. The other ends of the return springs 33 are welded to the inner wall of the piston cylinder 30. The return springs 33 surround the outer periphery of the corresponding pushing rod 34. The liquid distribution pipes 28 are respectively connected to the corresponding piston cylinders 30. The piston cylinders 30 are connected to the spray pipes 31. The spray pipes 31 extend downward to the bottom wall of the top cover 4 around the grinding head 26 and are connected. The mouths of the spray pipes 31 are all facing the surface of the grinding head 26 and are all paved with silicone valves. The liquid supply pump 16 and the liquid distribution valve 29 are both connected to the controller 14 signal.

[0064] The specific implementation process is as follows: During the pulverization process, the liquid supply pump 16 of the liquid supply assembly is responsible for steadily and continuously pumping the extractant into the corresponding grinding tank 23. The output end of the liquid supply pump 16 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 15, which transports the extractant to various branches, namely the liquid distribution pipes 28. Each liquid distribution pipe 28 is equipped with a precise liquid distribution valve 29. Under the precise control of the controller 14, these valves can dynamically adjust the flow rate of each liquid distribution pipe 28 according to the usage of the grinding tank 23, ensuring that the extractant is accurately delivered to the required location.

[0065] Within each cylindrical groove, at least four piston cylinders 30 are fixedly mounted on the top wall, evenly distributed around corresponding stabilizer rods 38. One side of the piston cylinder 30 is tightly connected to a pusher block 35 via a pusher rod 34. The pusher blocks 35 are strategically placed around the outer periphery of the stabilizer rod 38, forming a dynamic feedback mechanism. When the grain sample becomes unevenly distributed during the grinding process, resulting in greater pressure on one side of the grinding head 26, the stabilizer rod 38 generates pressure in the same direction. This pressure change is quickly transmitted to the pusher block 35, which in turn pushes the piston block 32 within the piston cylinder 30, compressing the return spring 33 and simultaneously pushing the extractant in the piston cylinder 30 into the spray pipe 31, thereby spraying a far greater amount of extractant than would otherwise be added. After spraying, when the grain sample uniformity improves, the pressure on the grinding head 26 is balanced, and the stabilizer rod 38 maintains its equilibrium position. The return spring 33 pushes the piston back to its original position, refilling the piston cylinder 30 with extractant, ready for the next spray.

[0066] The liquid spray pipe 31 extends downward to the bottom wall of the top cover 4 around the grinding head 26 and is connected thereto, and the liquid spray ports are all directed toward the surface of the grinding head 26, ensuring that the extractant can directly act on the grinding head 26 and the grain sample around it, effectively flushing and promoting uniform crushing of the grain sample and dissolving the toxin molecules therein.

[0067] The entire liquid supply process proceeds in an orderly manner under the precise control of controller 14. The stable operation of liquid supply pump 16, the accurate control of liquid separator valve 29, the flexible response of piston cylinder 30, and the directional injection of liquid spray pipe 31 together form an efficient and precise adaptive extractant addition system. This design not only simplifies the pretreatment process and improves work efficiency, but more importantly, it can dynamically adjust the extractant dosage based on the actual distribution of the grain sample, ensuring rapid dissolution and uniform suspension of toxin molecules, providing a strong guarantee for subsequent high-quality testing.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0069] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. Common knowledge such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. Ordinary technicians in the field are aware of all common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. Ordinary technicians in the field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the inspiration given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A pre-treatment device for detecting mycotoxins in grain, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A grinding groove assembly and a first liquid cooling assembly are provided inside the base (1); a support rod (5) is fixedly connected to the base (1); a grinding head assembly is hingedly connected to the support rod (5); a second liquid cooling assembly and a liquid supply assembly are provided inside the grinding head assembly; a controller (14), an extraction liquid storage tank (17) and a cooling liquid storage tank (6) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the base (1); the grinding groove assembly, the first liquid cooling assembly, the grinding head assembly, the second liquid cooling assembly and the liquid supply assembly are all connected to the controller (14) for signal communication; The grinding trough assembly is used to provide torque for pre-processing grinding of grain samples through the rotation of the planetary gear structure; the first liquid cooling assembly is used to use the liquid cooling principle to maintain the grinding trough assembly at -20℃-0℃ during the pre-processing grinding process to prevent the degradation of fungal toxins; the grinding head assembly is used to cooperate with the rotation of the grinding trough assembly for pre-processing grinding; the second liquid cooling assembly is used to use the liquid cooling principle to maintain the grinding head assembly at -20℃-0℃; the liquid supply assembly is used to differentially supply extractant to rinse the grinding head assembly and homogenize the ground material powder according to the change in the direction of the pressure applied to the grinding head assembly during the pre-processing grinding process; The grinding head assembly includes a top cover (4), the top cover (4) is hinged to the support rod (5), the bottom wall of the top cover (4) is provided with columnar grooves corresponding to the number of grinding grooves (23), the center of the bottom wall of the columnar groove is provided with a through hole (36), the bottom wall of the columnar groove is fixedly connected to a grinding spring (37), the bottom end of the grinding spring (37) is fixedly connected to the grinding head (26), the top wall of the grinding head (26) is fixedly connected to a stabilizing rod (38), and the stabilizing rod (38) passes through the corresponding grinding spring (37) and the through hole (36) and extends to the inside of the columnar groove; The liquid supply component includes a liquid supply pump (16), the liquid supply pump (16) is connected to the extraction liquid storage tank (17), the output end of the liquid supply pump (16) is connected to a liquid supply pipe (15), the liquid supply pipe (15) is connected to at least four liquid separation pipes (28), and the liquid separation pipes (28) are each provided with a liquid separation valve (29). At least four piston cylinders (30) are fixedly connected to the top wall of the columnar groove. The piston cylinders (30) in the same columnar groove are distributed around the corresponding stabilizing rod (38). The piston cylinders (30) are all slidably fitted with piston blocks (32). The side of the piston block (32) close to the corresponding stabilizing rod (38) is fixedly connected to a push rod (34), and the end of the push rod (34) is fixedly connected to a push arc block (35). The pushing arc blocks (35) in the grooves are distributed on the periphery of the corresponding stabilizing rods (38), and the piston blocks (32) are fixedly connected with return springs (33). The other ends of the return springs (33) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the piston cylinder (30). The return springs (33) surround the periphery of the corresponding pushing rods (34). The liquid separation pipes (28) are respectively connected with the corresponding piston cylinders (30). The piston cylinders (30) are connected with liquid spray pipes (31). The liquid spray pipes (31) extend downward to the bottom wall of the top cover (4) around the grinding head (26) and are connected. The mouths of the liquid spray pipes (31) are all facing the surface of the grinding head (26) and are all paved with silicone valves. The liquid supply pump (16) and the liquid separation valve (29) are both connected to the controller (14) signal.

2. The pre-treatment device for detecting mycotoxins in grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding groove assembly includes a grinding motor (18), the grinding motor (18) is fixedly connected to the base (1) and the output shaft is vertically upward, a driving gear (40) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the grinding motor (18), at least three grinding grooves (23) arranged at equal intervals are rotatably connected to the top wall of the base (1), and the outer periphery of the grinding groove (23) is fixedly connected to a driven gear (25) meshing with the driving gear (40), and the grinding motor (18) is connected to the controller (14) for signal.

3. The pre-treatment device for grain mycotoxin detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first liquid cooling assembly includes a first cold liquid pump (9), the first cold liquid pump (9) is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank (6), the output end of the first cold liquid pump (9) is connected to the tank liquid cooling pipe (13) corresponding to the number of grinding tanks (23), the wall of the grinding tank (23) is provided with a first liquid cooling tank (22) and a first waste liquid tank (21), the first liquid cooling tank (22) is laid in a spiral funnel shape and the end is connected to the first waste liquid tank (21), the first waste liquid tank (21) extends from the top of the grinding tank (23) to the bottom of the grinding tank (23) and is fixedly connected to an annular sliding member ( 20), the tank liquid cooling pipe (13) is respectively connected to the end of the first liquid cooling tank (22) located at the bottom center of the grinding tank (23), and the outer periphery of the tank liquid cooling pipe (13) is connected to the annular slide (19) in a rotational manner. The annular slide (19) is slidably matched with the corresponding annular slide (20) to make the first waste liquid tank (21) connected to the annular slide (19). The bottom wall of the annular slide (19) is connected to the first recovery pipe (12), and the first recovery pipe (12) is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank (6). The first cold liquid pump (9) is connected to the controller (14) for signal connection.

4. The pre-treatment device for grain mycotoxin detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second liquid cooling component includes a second cold liquid pump (8), the second cold liquid pump (8) is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank (6), the output end of the second cold liquid pump (8) is connected to the head liquid cooling pipe (11) corresponding to the number of grinding heads (26), the grinding heads (26) are each provided with a second liquid cooling groove (24), the second liquid cooling groove (24) vertically passes through the corresponding stabilizing rod (38) and the grinding head (26) and is laid in a spiral funnel shape inside the bottom wall of the grinding head (26), the end of the second liquid cooling groove (24) is connected to the second waste liquid groove (39), the second waste liquid groove (39) passes upward through the grinding head (26) and the stabilizing rod (38), the head liquid cooling pipe (11) is respectively connected to the top of the corresponding second liquid cooling groove (24), the top of the second waste liquid groove (39) is connected to the second recovery pipe (10), the second recovery pipe (10) is connected to the cooling liquid storage tank (6), and the second cold liquid pump (8) is connected to the controller (14) signal.

5. The pre-treatment device for grain mycotoxin detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The head liquid cooling pipe (11) and the second recovery pipe (10) are both made of flexible materials.

6. The pre-treatment device for detecting mycotoxins in grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the grinding head (26) is provided with neatly arranged spiral lines (27), and the inner wall of the grinding groove (23) is paved with a grinding layer.

7. The pre-treatment device for detecting mycotoxins in grain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the top cover (4) is paved with a sealing layer (2) that matches the top wall of the base (1).

8. The pre-treatment device for grain mycotoxin detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction liquid storage tank (17) and the cooling liquid storage tank (6) are both fixedly connected to a refrigerator (7) for pre-cooling the extraction solvent and cooling the coolant. A locking member (3) that cooperates with the base (1) is provided on one side of the top cover (4). The refrigerator (7) is connected to the controller (14) for signal.

Images