Novel optical receiver for photolysis rate measurement
By improving the quartz receiver and light guide rod structure of the photolysis rate measurement instrument, the three-layer frosted quartz dome and quadrilateral pyramid design is used to solve the problem of insufficient luminous flux in complex weather, and high-precision photolysis rate measurement is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510587598.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
AI Technical Summary
The existing photolysis rate measurement instruments are insufficient in complex weather, resulting in large measurement errors, especially in cloudy, cloudy and rainy days, with an error of more than 10%.
The three-layer frosted quartz dome-shaped quartz receiver head and quadrangular pyramid-shaped quartz light guide rod structure is adopted to optimize the luminous flux and uniformity of the optical receiver. The multi-layer frosted quartz dome structure achieves uniform refraction of the light at all angles, and the cone design enhances the optical coupling efficiency and environmental adaptability.
Improve the accuracy of photolysis rate measurement, especially in complex weather, the error is controlled within ±5%, ensuring uniform reception of luminous flux in any environment and improving measurement accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN120334130A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and particularly relates to a novel optical receiver for measuring photolysis rate. Background Art
[0002] Photolysis rate quantifies the photolysis reaction of trace gas molecules in the atmosphere, representing the loss rate of the gas during the photolysis reaction or the production rate of the generated products. It is the hub of the interaction between different pollutants. The photolysis rate needs to convert the solar radiation signal into an electrical signal suitable for calculation and analysis. As Figure 1 shown, the system software and hardware include a solar radiation receiving system, a spectrometer system, a radiation calibration system, and data processing algorithms, etc. By accurately measuring the gas photolysis rate, not only can the understanding of the formation mechanism of photochemical pollution be deepened, but also the change trend of the recent gas concentration can be predicted. By taking appropriate measures, the harm caused by environmental pollution problems can be avoided.
[0003] After entering the 21st century, an instrument dedicated to measuring photolysis rate was successfully developed. The measured spectral information was transmitted to a computer through an optical fiber. The computer program was used to calibrate and calibrate the spectral data, and finally the photolysis rates of different gases were inversely obtained and displayed on the screen. With its advantages of light weight, convenient operation, accurate measurement, etc., the photolysis spectrometer has become a good applicable analysis tool, been widely used, and gradually commercialized.
[0004] As Figure 2 shown is the structural diagram of the optical receiver of a common photolysis rate measuring instrument, which mainly consists of a quartz receiving head, a quartz light guide rod, a shadow ring, and a drying box. Its design needs to ensure that solar radiation can be uniformly received in all directions and that all the solar radiation flux can be received. However, due to the structural design of the current quartz receiving head and quartz light guide rod, it is impossible to ensure uniform reception in all directions, or the received light flux is relatively low under complex weather conditions. As a result, the measurement error of the photolysis rate is about 5% under clear weather conditions, and reaches more than 10% under complex weather conditions (cloudy, overcast, and rainy). Summary of the Invention
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a novel optical receiver for measuring photolysis rate, which improves the optical receiver device of the photolysis rate measuring instrument, increases the light flux entering the optical receiver, and optimizes the uniform response at each angle. Compared with the previous instrument, the measurement accuracy of the photolysis rate is improved, especially the measurement accuracy of the photolysis rate under complex weather conditions (cloudy, overcast, rainy), making a significant contribution to the prevention and control of photochemical pollution.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A new type of optical receiver for photolysis rate measurement, comprising a quartz receiving head, a quartz light guide rod, and a metal base. The quartz light guide rod is fixed on the metal base at the bottom end of the quartz light guide rod. Among them,
[0008] The quartz receiving head is a bullet-shaped structure in the form of a quartz dome composed of three layers of frosted quartz nested together;
[0009] The quartz light guide rod is a quadrangular pyramid structure, and the large-diameter side of the quadrangular pyramid structure is close to the quartz receiving head.
[0010] Furthermore, the quartz dome structure composed of the three layers of frosted quartz is fixed on the upper surface of the metal base by metal set screws to ensure that the relative positions of the three layers of frosted quartz do not change.
[0011] Furthermore, the bullet-shaped structure is a hemispherical structure at the upper end and a cylindrical structure at the lower end. The diameter of the upper surface of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the outermost hemisphere, and the frosting densities of the three layers of frosted quartz are different.
[0012] Furthermore, the three layers of frosted quartz are successively low-scattering, medium-scattering, and high-scattering from the outer layer to the inner layer.
[0013] Furthermore, the quartz light guide rod tooling has a moving guide rail, so that the position of the quartz light guide rod can be adjusted back and forth.
[0014] Furthermore, the small-diameter end outlet of the quartz light guide rod is directly opposite to the SMA connector to connect the optical fiber, realizing the matching of the optical fiber and the light outlet of the quartz light guide rod.
[0015] Furthermore, the optical receiver further includes a protective shell, a shadow ring, and a drying box.
[0016] Furthermore, the protective shell surrounds the periphery of the quartz light guide rod to protect the internal components from being damaged by environmental factors.
[0017] Furthermore, the shadow ring is used to limit the measurement range of the optical receiver within an angle of 2πsr.
[0018] Furthermore, the drying box is connected to the protective shell to prevent water vapor from condensing inside the optical receiver.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0020] By optimizing the structures of the quartz receiving head and the quartz light guide rod in the optical receiver, the characteristic of having a uniform angular response in all directions is better realized, ensuring that sufficient light flux can be received in any environment, so as to improve the measurement accuracy of the photolysis rate instrument in any weather condition. Description of the Drawings
[0021] Figure 1 is the system schematic diagram for measuring the photolysis rate in the prior art;
[0022] Figure 2 is the structural diagram of the optical receiver in the prior art;
[0023] Figure 3 is the structural and physical schematic diagram of the quartz receiving head of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 is the structural and physical schematic diagram of the conical light guide rod of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 is the overall structural diagram of a new type of optical receiver for measuring the photolysis rate according to the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 is the overall physical diagram of a new type of optical receiver for measuring the photolysis rate according to the present invention;
[0027] Figure 7 is the comparison diagram of the angular response measurement results before and after the improvement based on the present invention;
[0028] Figure 8 is the comparison diagram of the H2O2 photolysis rate measurement and the HCHO photolysis rate measurement. Detailed implementation manners
[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0030] The present invention optimizes the optical receiver structure in the photolysis rate measuring instrument by optimizing the quartz receiving head and the quartz light guide rod, and improves the light flux entering the instrument in complex weather, so as to achieve the goal of high-precision measurement of the photolysis rate in complex weather.
[0031] Such as Figure 3As shown, the quartz receiver head is a key component for achieving uniform reception in all directions. In the instruments of the prior art, the quartz receiver head is made into a bullet shape with single-layer frosted quartz, and then quartz fiber particles are filled between the receiver head and the light guide rod, so that the light at various angles can be uniformly conducted into the spectrometer by the quartz light guide rod. Since the filling density of the quartz fiber is not easy to control, too much or too little quartz fiber will cause the optical receiver to fail to meet the requirement of uniform reception in all directions. The design purpose of the frosted quartz receiver head structure is to meet the requirements of all uniform indicators of the entire quartz receiver. Therefore, the present invention proposes a new quartz receiver head structure. First, the frosted quartz is made into a spherical cover in the shape of a bullet, and the entire spherical cover is made of frosted quartz. On this basis, three quartz spherical covers of different sizes are nested in sequence, and each layer of quartz spherical cover is in close contact (without glue and without filler) to form a three-layer quartz dome, that is, a hemispherical structure at the upper end and a cylindrical structure at the lower end. The diameter of the upper surface of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the outermost hemispherical shape. The uniform refraction of light at all angles is realized through the three-layer frosted quartz dome structure, which solves the problem of uneven light distribution caused by insufficient surface smoothness or scattering efficiency of the traditional single-layer / double-layer structure. Preferably, the diameters of the hemispheres at the top of the three-layer quartz spherical covers are 30mm, 28mm, and 26mm respectively, and the height of the lower cylinder is 20mm. Among them, the surface of the frosted quartz: enhances light scattering through micron-level roughness, reduces the sensitivity to the incident angle, and improves the angle coverage range; the bullet-shaped spherical cover: maintains the requirements of hydrodynamic characteristics and mechanical strength, and at the same time is compatible with the optical function of measuring the radiation within 2πsr; the multi-layer dome design: different frosted densities can be designed for each layer of quartz dome (such as low scattering in the outer layer and high scattering in the inner layer), and the refraction path is optimized step by step. The outer layer (low scattering): preliminarily diffuses the incident light and reduces the angle sensitivity; the middle layer (medium scattering): secondary light homogenization, balancing the transmittance and uniformity; the inner layer (high scattering): finely regulates the refraction path to match the acceptance angle of the light guide rod. The multi-layer design also increases the number of reflections of light in the structure, compensates for the angle difference by multiple scattering, and improves the uniformity. The receiver head composed of three layers of quartz frosted spherical covers relies on a metal base and is fixed by metal set screws to ensure that the relative positions of the three layers of quartz spherical covers do not change. The receiver head is at the top of the entire optical device and is a key component for receiving solar radiation.
[0032] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the light guide rod used in the prior art instrument is in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism and is placed at the bottom of the quartz receiving head. However, this will cause the receiving angle of the light guide rod to not cover the entire 2πsr, resulting in a reduction in the light flux entering the spectrometer and a decrease in the measurement accuracy of the photolysis rate. In the present invention, the structure of the quartz light guide rod is designed as a quadrangular pyramid-shaped quartz rod, with a large light inlet at the head and gradually decreasing towards the tail, and normal light transmission at the tail. This can compress the outgoing angle and match the numerical aperture of the outgoing optical fiber. Preferably, the length of the fabricated quadrangular pyramid-shaped light guide rod is 50 mm, the incident port is 2.5×2.5 mm, and the outgoing port is 7.5×7.5 mm. At the same time, the light guide rod tooling is designed to have a moving rail function, enabling the position of the light guide rod to be adjusted back and forth. The quartz light guide rod is of a quadrangular pyramid structure and is adhesively fixed to the metal base at the bottom of the entire quartz receiving head tooling kit. The outlet of the other small-diameter end of the quartz light guide rod faces the SMA connector and is connected to the optical fiber, enabling the matching of the optical fiber and the light outlet of the tapered light guide rod. Among them, the large-diameter side of the quadrangular pyramid is close to the quartz receiving head.
[0033] The introduction of the tapered quartz light guide rod improves the light coupling efficiency, enhances the light distribution uniformity, and increases the system integration of the entire optical receiver. Specifically, it is manifested in: (1) The traditional cylindrical structure is sensitive to the incident angle range, and large-angle light is prone to escape; while the tapered light guide rod compresses the beam divergence angle by using total reflection through the gradual change of the diameter, reducing the light loss; at the same time, the tapered design can increase the number of total reflections, gradually converging light at different angles into the light guide rod, and the theoretical coupling efficiency can be increased to 85% - 90%. (2) The tapered end can reduce the spot size, fully match the incident angle of the optical fiber, increase the light flux, and reduce the system complexity; (3) The diameter of the bottom of the tapered structure is reduced, which can reduce the risk of stress concentration in a vibrating environment.
[0034] The structure of the entire optical receiver is as Figure 5 shown in Figure 6 Figure [X], and mainly consists of a quartz receiving head, a quartz light guide rod, a metal base, a protective shell, a shadow ring, a drying box, etc. (for reference, see Figure 2Composition. In the present invention, only the specific structures of the quartz receiver head and the quartz light guide rod are improved). The metal base is used to support the quartz receiver head and the quartz light guide rod; the protective shell surrounds the light guide rod to protect the internal components from damage by environmental factors; the shadow ring limits the measurement range of the optical receiver within an angle of 2π sr; the drying box prevents water vapor from condensing inside the instrument. As the two most important components of the optical receiver, their structural design and performance parameters are crucial for the measurement of the photolysis rate. The present invention realizes a new optical receiver by redesigning the three-layer frosted dome structure receiver head and the conical light guide rod. The conical quartz light guide rod significantly improves the coupling efficiency, uniformity, and environmental adaptability of the original optical receiver through optical path compression, dynamic total reflection regulation, and gradient frosting design. Combined with the three-layer frosted dome structure, a highly integrated and high-performance optical receiving system can be constructed, which is especially suitable for wide-angle and high-precision detection scenarios.
[0035] During the experimental measurement, a halogen lamp is used as the light source. The optical receiver is fixed at the center of the turntable and connected to a single-core optical fiber at the back. The optical signal received by the receiver head is transmitted to the spectrometer through the optical fiber to complete the experimental measurement of the angular response of the optical receiver at various angles. During the experiment, the light source intensity of the halogen lamp is kept constant. By measuring the optical signals of the halogen lamp received by the spectrometer at different angles, the measurement of the angular response of the receiver head at various angles is completed. It is stipulated that when the receiver head is facing the light source directly, the angle is 0°, turning to the left is negative, and turning to the right is positive. The measurement results of the angular response of the optical receiver before and after improvement are as Figure 7 shown. Before the improvement, the angular uniformity of the optical receiver was poor. As the angle rotated, the response continuously decreased and could be reduced to 0.85 at ±90 degrees. After the improvement, the angular response uniformity of the optical receiver was significantly improved, and there was still a response of more than 0.95 at ±90 degrees. Through the optimization and improvement of the present invention, the light flux received in complex weather can be increased, and the accuracy of the photolysis rate data measurement can be further improved.
[0036] As Figure 8 shown, it is a comparison chart of the H2O2 photolysis rate measurement and the HCHO photolysis rate measurement. From the measurement results, it can be seen that at noon when the solar zenith angle is small, the difference in the photolysis rate before and after the improvement of the optical receiver is not significant. However, in the morning or afternoon when the solar zenith angle is large, the received light flux before the improvement is significantly smaller, resulting in a smaller photolysis rate measurement result. By comparing with the standard data, the measurement accuracy of the photolysis rate after the improvement is significantly improved, and the measurement error is within ±5%.
[0037] In summary, the present invention makes the angular response of the optical receiver more uniform in all directions. In complex weather, it increases the light flux entering the spectrometer and improves the measurement accuracy of the photolysis rate, especially in complex weather (rainy days, cloudy days).
[0038] The specific embodiments described above have further elaborated on the object, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A novel optical receiver for photolysis rate measurement, characterized in that, It includes a quartz receiving head, a quartz light guide rod, and a metal base. The quartz light guide rod is fixed on the metal base at the bottom end of the quartz light guide rod. Among them, The quartz receiving head is a bullet-shaped structure in the form of a quartz dome composed of three layers of frosted quartz nested together; The quartz light guide rod is a quadrangular pyramid structure, and the large-diameter side of the quadrangular pyramid structure is close to the quartz receiving head.
2. The novel optical receiver for measuring the photolysis rate according to claim 1, wherein, The quartz dome structure composed of the three layers of frosted quartz is fixed on the upper surface of the metal base by metal set screws to ensure that the relative positions of the three layers of frosted quartz do not change.
3. A novel optical receiver for measuring photolysis rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bullet-shaped structure is a hemispherical structure at the upper end and a cylindrical structure at the lower end. The diameter of the upper surface of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the outermost hemisphere. The frosted densities of the three layers of frosted quartz are different.
4. A novel optical receiver for measuring the photolysis rate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The three layers of frosted quartz are successively low-scattering, medium-scattering, and high-scattering from the outer layer to the inner layer.
5. A novel optical receiver for photolysis rate measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quartz light guide rod tooling has a moving guide rail, so that the position of the quartz light guide rod can be adjusted back and forth.
6. The novel optical receiver for measuring the photolysis rate according to claim 1, wherein The outlet of the small-diameter end of the quartz light guide rod is directly opposite to the SMA connector to connect the optical fiber, realizing the matching of the optical fiber and the light outlet of the quartz light guide rod.
7. A novel optical receiver for measuring the photolysis rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical receiver further includes a protective shell, a shadow ring, and a drying box.
8. A novel optical receiver for photolysis rate measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protective shell surrounds the periphery of the quartz light guide rod to protect the internal components from damage by environmental factors.
9. A novel optical receiver for photolysis rate measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shadow ring is used to limit the measurement range of the optical receiver within an angle of 2πsr.
10. A novel optical receiver for photolysis rate measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drying box is connected to the protective shell to prevent water vapor from condensing inside the optical receiver.