Colored drawing cultural relic detection and imaging method and device based on laser light sheet induced fluorescence

Abstract

The invention relates to a colored drawing cultural relic detection and imaging method and device based on laser light sheet induced fluorescence. The method comprises the following steps: S1, coaxially arranging a laser, a slit structure and a cylindrical lens group in sequence; s2, laser is emitted to the slit structure through a laser device and sequentially passes through the slit structure and the cylindrical lens set, and a two-dimensional excitation light sheet is obtained; s3, vertically irradiating the two-dimensional exciting light sheet on the colored drawing cultural relic for selectively inducing a fluorescence signal of a dye on the surface of the colored drawing cultural relic; s4, adopting a hyperspectral camera to synchronously collect two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum distribution generated in the target area; and S5, converting the fluorescence wavelength difference of different dyes into color distinguishing features, and generating a pseudo-color image corresponding to the colored drawing cultural relic based on the specific difference of the fluorescence wavelengths of the dyes. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high sensitivity, high resolution, high detection efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of painted cultural relics detection, and in particular to a method and device for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser light sheet induced fluorescence. Background Technique

[0002] In the field of cultural heritage protection, the detection and analysis technologies of painted cultural relics have been continuously developing. The existing detection technologies mainly include X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, etc. Although these technologies have high precision in component identification, they have the following defects:

[0003] Risk of microdamage: These technologies usually need to achieve detection by point-by-point scanning or local sampling. For example, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy needs to locally irradiate the sample, while laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy needs to ablate the sample surface with high-energy laser. Although these methods can provide accurate component analysis, they will inevitably cause minor damage to cultural relics, especially in the long-term use, irreversible damage may accumulate.

[0004] Lack of spectral information: Although digital image technologies (such as conventional hyperspectral imaging) can record the apparent morphology of cultural relics, they are limited by spectral resolution and interference of illumination conditions and cannot analyze the chemical properties of dyes. For example, conventional hyperspectral imaging may be interfered by reflected light under complex illumination conditions, resulting in distorted spectral information and unable to accurately distinguish the fluorescence characteristics of different dyes.

[0005] Complex operation and high cost: Some high-end devices (such as laser-induced breakdown spectrometers) are complex to operate, the debugging process takes a long time, and professional personnel are required for maintenance. In addition, the cost of these devices is high, which limits their wide application in the field of cultural relics protection. For example, the procurement and maintenance costs of high-end devices may exceed the budgets of many cultural relics protection institutions, hindering the popularization of technologies.

[0006] The invention disclosed in the publication number CN117347340A discloses a fluorescence - hyperspectral dual - mode microscopic imaging system based on a confocal strategy, including: a multi - wavelength excitation light source module, a white light source module, a beam quality optimization module, a beam splitting module, a scanning module, a beam focusing and signal collection module, and a signal collection and detection module; the white light source module is used to generate a broadband light source for hyperspectral imaging; the multi - wavelength excitation light source module is used to generate a laser light source for fluorescence confocal imaging; the signal collection and detection module is used to linearly focus, spatially filter, and spectrally unfold the transmitted light signal in sequence, and perform spatial encoding on the spectrally unfolded signal according to the imaging mode, and perform signal focusing and optoelectronic signal conversion on the spatially encoded signal to obtain an imaging electrical signal. However, this imaging system is based on lasers and white light for detection, requires multiple sets of wavelength lasers to cooperate, and the entire optical path system has a complex structure, with high requirements for the installation and operation accuracy of optical path components, and the measurement results are greatly affected by the installation errors of the device.

[0007] In summary, the conventional optical path structure of the existing cultural relics detection system cannot analyze the chemical properties of the dyes on the surface of cultural relics and is not suitable for the detection of colored cultural relics. High - end detection equipment has a complex structure, high requirements for installation and debugging accuracy, limited usage scenarios, and high costs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above - mentioned defects of the existing technology that it is not suitable for the detection and imaging of colored cultural relics or the high - end equipment has a complex structure, high requirements for installation and debugging accuracy, cumbersome operation, limited usage scenarios, and high costs, and to provide a method and device for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser light - sheet - induced fluorescence.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] This solution provides a method for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser light - sheet - induced fluorescence, including the following steps:

[0011] S1: Coaxially arrange a laser, a slit structure, and a cylindrical lens group in sequence;

[0012] S2: Emit laser light from the laser to the slit structure, and sequentially pass through the slit structure and the cylindrical lens group to obtain a two - dimensional excitation light sheet;

[0013] S3: Vertically irradiate the two - dimensional excitation light sheet on the painted cultural relic to selectively induce the fluorescence signal of the dyes on the surface of the painted cultural relic;

[0014] S4: Use a hyperspectral camera to synchronously collect the two - dimensional fluorescence spectral distribution generated in the target area;

[0015] S5: Convert the fluorescence wavelength differences of different dyes into color discrimination features, and generate a pseudo-color image corresponding to the painted cultural relic based on the specific differences in the fluorescence wavelengths of the dyes.

[0016] Further, the cylindrical lens group includes a plano-convex cylindrical lens and a plano-concave cylindrical lens. The plano-convex cylindrical lens is located between the plano-concave cylindrical lens and the slit structure, and the plano-convex cylindrical lens and the plano-concave cylindrical lens are orthogonally arranged.

[0017] Further, in step S3, according to the size and shape requirements of the painted cultural relic, by adjusting the distance and angle between the plano-convex cylindrical lens and the plano-concave cylindrical lens, the size and shape of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet are optimized.

[0018] Further, the thickness of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet is less than 10 microns.

[0019] Further, in step S4, the hyperspectral camera is arranged orthogonally at 90 degrees to the fluorescence signal emission surface of the painted cultural relic to be measured.

[0020] This solution also provides a device for a method for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser light sheet-induced fluorescence, including:

[0021] A laser for emitting a laser beam towards the slit structure;

[0022] A slit structure for shaping the laser beam into a line beam;

[0023] A cylindrical lens group for shaping the line beam into a two-dimensional excitation light sheet;

[0024] A hyperspectral camera for capturing the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum excited in the target area of the object to be measured;

[0025] A control and processing unit for processing and analyzing the data captured by the hyperspectral camera and generating a pseudo-color image.

[0026] Preferably, a collimator is provided between the laser and the slit structure. One end of the collimator is connected to the laser through an optical fiber, and the other end is connected to the slit structure for calibrating the laser beam.

[0027] Preferably, the cylindrical lens group includes a plano-convex cylindrical lens and a plano-concave cylindrical lens. The plano-convex cylindrical lens is located between the plano-concave cylindrical lens and the slit structure, and the plano-convex cylindrical lens and the plano-concave cylindrical lens are orthogonally arranged.

[0028] Preferably, the plano-convex cylindrical lens and the plano-concave cylindrical lens are fixed on an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment structure is used to adjust the distance and angle between the plano-convex cylindrical lens and the plano-concave cylindrical lens, and further adjust the size and shape of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet. The thickness of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet is less than 10 microns.

[0029] Preferably, the hyperspectral camera is a push-broom hyperspectral camera, and the spectral resolution of the hyperspectral camera is less than 3 nanometers.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) In this solution, the laser beam is shaped into a uniform two-dimensional excitation light sheet through the slit structure and the cylindrical lens group. By irradiating the surface of the painted cultural relics, the fluorescence signal is excited. Based on the hyperspectral camera, the excited fluorescence spectrum is captured and transmitted to the control and processing unit to generate an intuitive pseudo-color image analysis result. The hyperspectral camera can accurately distinguish the fluorescence characteristic peaks of different dyes, providing a quantitative basis for the distinction and analysis of commonly used organic dyes in painted cultural relics. This structure not only realizes non-destructive detection with high sensitivity and high resolution, but also significantly improves the detection efficiency, providing strong technical support for the protection and research of painted cultural relics. The structure of the device is simple and the installation and operation are convenient, reducing the cost of the detection device, and the adjustment is flexible and the applicable scenarios are rich.

[0032] (2) By adjusting the distance and angle between the plano-convex cylindrical lens and the plano-concave cylindrical lens in this solution, the size and shape of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet can be adjusted to adapt to cultural relic samples with different shapes and surface characteristics, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet, effectively suppressing the shadow artifacts caused by surface roughness, and being flexible and convenient to use. And a single imaging can complete the characterization of the dye distribution in the light sheet area, avoiding the time-consuming problem of point-by-point scanning, and significantly improving the detection efficiency.

[0033] (3) In this solution, the double-cylindrical lens system is applicable to non-transparent and non-flat surfaces, the light intensity non-uniformity is less than or equal to 12%, and the edge attenuation rate is less than 15%, significantly improving the detection robustness of complex samples. Moreover, relatively mature devices such as ordinary lasers, cylindrical mirrors and hyperspectral cameras are used, reducing the overall cost and improving the reliability of the system. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the detection method provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the formation principle of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic layout structural diagram of the detection device provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 The pseudo-color image corresponding to the Phellodendron amurense and Gardenia jasminoides Ellis detection system provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 The fluorescence spectrum curve under the Phellodendron amurense and Gardenia jasminoides Ellis detection system provided by the present invention;

[0041] In the figure: 1. Slit structure, 2. Cylindrical lens group, 3. Collimator, 4. Hyperspectral camera, 5. Object to be measured, 21. Plano-convex cylindrical lens, 22. Plano-concave cylindrical lens. Specific embodiments

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0047] In addition, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not require the components to be absolutely horizontal or hanging vertically, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] As Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser light sheet-induced fluorescence, which is characterized by including the following steps:

[0050] S1: Coaxially arrange a laser, a slit structure 1, and a cylindrical lens group 2 in sequence.

[0051] S2: Emit laser light from the laser to the slit structure, and successively pass through the slit structure and the cylindrical lens group 2 to obtain a two-dimensional excitation light sheet.

[0052] S3: Vertically irradiate the two-dimensional excitation light sheet on the painted cultural relic to selectively induce the fluorescence signal of the dyes on the surface of the painted cultural relic.

[0053] S4: Use a hyperspectral camera 4 to synchronously collect the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum distribution generated in the target area.

[0054] S5: Convert the fluorescence wavelength differences of different dyes into color discrimination features, and generate a pseudo-color image corresponding to the painted cultural relic based on the specific differences in the fluorescence wavelengths of the dyes.

[0055] In this embodiment, the cylindrical lens group 2 includes a plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 and a plano-concave cylindrical lens 22. The plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 is located between the plano-concave cylindrical lens 22 and the slit structure 1, and the plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 and the plano-concave cylindrical lens 22 are orthogonally arranged.

[0056] In step S3, according to the size and shape requirements of the painted cultural relic, by adjusting the spacing and angle between the plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 and the plano-concave cylindrical lens 22, the size and shape of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet are optimized. Among them, the thickness of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet is less than 10 microns.

[0057] In a preferred implementation, in step S4, the hyperspectral camera 4 is orthogonally arranged at a 90-degree angle to the fluorescence signal emission surface of the painted cultural relic to be measured. The hyperspectral camera 4 receives the fluorescence signal through a 90° orthogonal angle to ensure high-quality capture of the signal.

[0058] Specifically, this method uses a 405nm laser light source combined with a cylindrical lens beam shaping technique to generate a two-dimensional excitation light sheet with a thickness less than 10μm, selectively exciting the fluorescence effect of dyes on the surface of cultural relics from the side; a hyperspectral imaging system (spectral resolution <3nm) is used on the front to synchronously collect two-dimensional fluorescence spectral data of the target area. It is achieved through the following steps:

[0059] Generation of two-dimensional divergent light sheet: A 405nm semiconductor laser is used as the excitation light source. After the laser is collimated by the collimator 3, it forms a line beam through the slit, and then the line beam is spatially shaped by the orthogonally arranged double cylindrical lens group 2. Each cylindrical lens operates on the beam in its respective axial direction to generate a two-dimensional excitation light sheet with a thickness less than 10μm.

[0060] Fluorescence-induced excitation: By adjusting the distance and angle between the two cylindrical lenses, the shape and size of the light sheet can be optimized to adapt to different sample and application requirements. And it can provide a uniform excitation light source to vertically irradiate the sample, thereby selectively inducing the fluorescence signal of dyes on the surface of painted cultural relics from the front, and effectively suppressing the shadow artifacts caused by surface roughness.

[0061] Capture by the hyperspectral camera 4: Combine the hyperspectral camera 4 (spectral resolution less than 3nm) with a 405nm high-pass filter to synchronously collect the two-dimensional fluorescence spectral distribution of the target area, and utilize the specific differences in the fluorescence wavelengths of dyes to present the wavelength images emitted by different dyes after induction through a pseudo-color image, realizing high-precision discrimination of dyes on painted cultural relics without contacting the sample.

[0062] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, this embodiment also provides a device for a method of detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser light sheet-induced fluorescence, including:

[0063] A laser for emitting a laser beam to the slit structure 1;

[0064] The slit structure 1 for shaping the laser beam into a line beam;

[0065] The cylindrical lens group 2 for shaping the line beam into a two-dimensional excitation light sheet;

[0066] The hyperspectral camera 4 for capturing the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum excited by the target area of the object to be measured 5;

[0067] The control and processing unit for processing and analyzing the data captured by the hyperspectral camera 4 and generating a pseudo-color image.

[0068] In this embodiment, a collimator 3 is provided between the laser and the slit structure 1. One end of the collimator 3 is connected to the laser through an optical fiber, and the other end is connected to the slit structure 1 for calibrating the laser beam.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the cylindrical lens group 2 includes a plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 and a plano-concave cylindrical lens 22. The plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 is located between the plano-concave cylindrical lens 22 and the slit structure 1, and the plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 and the plano-concave cylindrical lens 22 are orthogonally arranged. The laser beam is diffused in two mutually perpendicular directions to obtain corresponding detection light sheets. The plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 and the plano-concave cylindrical lens 22 are fixed on an adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment structure is used to adjust the distance and angle between the plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 and the plano-concave cylindrical lens 22, further adjusting the size and shape of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet. The thickness of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet is less than 10 microns.

[0070] By adjusting the distance and angle between the plano-convex cylindrical lens 21 and the plano-concave cylindrical lens 22, the adjustment of the size and shape of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet can be achieved, adapting to cultural relic samples with different shapes and surface characteristics, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet, effectively suppressing the shadow artifacts caused by surface roughness, and being flexible and convenient to use. And single imaging can complete the characterization of the dye distribution in the light sheet area, avoiding the time-consuming problem of point-by-point scanning and significantly improving the detection efficiency.

[0071] In this embodiment, the hyperspectral camera 4 is a push-broom hyperspectral camera 4, and the spectral resolution of the hyperspectral camera 4 is less than 3 nm.

[0072] Combined with the above preferred embodiment, this embodiment provides a more specific non-destructive detection and imaging device for painted cultural relics based on laser light sheet-induced fluorescence, including:

[0073] Laser light source module: This module uses a 405 nm semiconductor laser as the excitation light source and can stably output a high-power laser beam. The output power of the laser is adjustable, with a range of 260 mW to 320 mW to adapt to the detection requirements of different samples. The laser beam is calibrated by the collimator 3 to ensure the uniformity and directivity of the beam.

[0074] Cylindrical lens module: This module consists of two orthogonally arranged cylindrical lens groups 2 and is used to shape the laser beam into a two-dimensional excitation light sheet with a thickness less than 10 μm. By adjusting the distance and angle between the two cylindrical lenses, the shape and size of the light sheet can be optimized to adapt to cultural relic samples with different shapes and surface characteristics. The design of the cylindrical lens module ensures the uniformity and accuracy of the light sheet and effectively suppresses the shadow artifacts caused by surface roughness.

[0075] Hyperspectral Camera 4 Module: This module uses a push-broom hyperspectral camera 4 (Specim FX23), which has a spectral resolution of less than 3 nm (400 - 1000 nm). The hyperspectral camera 4 can synchronously capture the two-dimensional fluorescence spectral distribution of the target area and generate a three-dimensional data cube. The camera receives the fluorescence signal at a 90° orthogonal angle to ensure high-quality signal capture.

[0076] Control and Processing Unit: This module consists of a high-performance computer and dedicated image processing software, which is used to control the entire detection process and process and analyze the captured data. The control unit communicates with each module through a local area network, sending control instructions and receiving feedback information. The processing unit can analyze hyperspectral data in real time, generate a pseudo-color image, and provide a detailed analysis report.

[0077] The control and processing unit is embedded with a color mapping module: This module converts the fluorescence wavelength differences of different dyes into color discrimination features through software algorithms. Using the specific differences in the fluorescence wavelengths of the dyes, the pseudo-color mapping module can generate an intuitive pseudo-color image, clearly showing the distribution characteristics of different dyes, providing a quantitative basis for the restoration and protection of cultural relics.

[0078] Each component is interconnected through optical and electronic interfaces to form a complete detection system. The laser beam generated by the laser light source module is shaped by the cylindrical lens module to form a uniform two-dimensional excitation light sheet, which irradiates the surface of the cultural relic to excite the fluorescence signal. The hyperspectral camera 4 module captures the fluorescence signal and transmits it to the control and processing unit, generating an intuitive analysis result through the pseudo-color mapping module. This device not only realizes non-destructive detection with high sensitivity and high resolution but also significantly improves the detection efficiency, providing strong technical support for the protection and research of painted cultural relics.

[0079] As Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, taking the detection of the metamerism phenomenon of gardenia and phellodendron amurense as an example, the application of laser light sheet-induced fluorescence imaging technology in the detection of painted cultural relics is demonstrated. Gardenia and phellodendron amurense present similar colors under normal vision but exhibit significantly different fluorescence characteristics under laser excitation at different wavelengths. This characteristic enables the laser light sheet-induced fluorescence imaging technology to effectively distinguish these two dyes, providing an important reference basis for the protection and restoration of cultural relics.

[0080] Experimental results show that gardenia and phellodendron amurense exhibit significantly different fluorescence responses under 405 nm laser excitation. Gardenia shows a strong fluorescence response in the 520 - 550 nm band, while phellodendron amurense shows a strong fluorescence response in the 560 - 580 nm band. Through pseudo-color mapping technology, these two dyes show obvious color discrimination features in the image.

[0081] Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: It shows a green fluorescence response in the wavelength band of 520 - 550 nm.

[0082] Phellodendron amurense Rupr.: It shows a yellow fluorescence response in the wavelength band of 560 - 580 nm.

[0083] This significant difference in fluorescence wavelength enables the laser sheet-induced fluorescence imaging technique to quickly and non-destructively identify these two dyes, providing reliable technical support for the restoration and protection of painted cultural relics.

[0084] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those of ordinary skill in the art can make many modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A detection and imaging method for painted cultural relics based on laser sheet-induced fluorescence, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1: Coaxially arrange a laser, a slit structure (1), and a cylindrical lens group (2) in sequence; S2: Emit laser light from the laser to the slit structure, passing through the slit structure and the cylindrical lens group (2) in sequence to obtain a two-dimensional excitation light sheet; S3: Vertically irradiate the two-dimensional excitation light sheet on the painted cultural relic to selectively induce the fluorescence signal of the dye on the surface of the painted cultural relic; S4: Use a hyperspectral camera (4) to synchronously collect the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum distribution generated in the target area; S5: Convert the fluorescence wavelength difference of different dyes into color discrimination features, and generate a pseudo-color image corresponding to the painted cultural relic based on the specific difference in the fluorescence wavelength of the dye.

2. The method for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser light sheet induced fluorescence according to claim 1, characterized in that The cylindrical lens group (2) includes a plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) and a plano-concave cylindrical lens (22). The plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) is located between the plano-concave cylindrical lens (22) and the slit structure (1), and the plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) and the plano-concave cylindrical lens (22) are orthogonally arranged.

3. The method for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser sheet-induced fluorescence according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3, according to the size and shape requirements of the painted cultural relic, by adjusting the distance and angle between the plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) and the plano-concave cylindrical lens (22), optimize the size and shape of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet.

4. A method for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser sheet-induced fluorescence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet is less than 10 microns.

5. A method for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser light sheet-induced fluorescence according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the hyperspectral camera (4) is orthogonally arranged at 90 degrees to the fluorescence signal emission surface of the painted cultural relic to be measured.

6. An apparatus for implementing the method for detecting and imaging painted cultural relics based on laser sheet-induced fluorescence according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes: A laser for emitting a laser beam to the slit structure (1); A slit structure (1) for shaping the laser beam into a line beam; A cylindrical lens group (2) for shaping the line beam into a two-dimensional excitation light sheet; A hyperspectral camera (4) for capturing the two-dimensional fluorescence spectrum excited in the target area of the object to be measured (5); A control and processing unit for processing and analyzing the data captured by the hyperspectral camera (4) and generating a pseudo-color image.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A collimator (3) is provided between the laser and the slit structure (1). One end of the collimator (3) is connected to the laser through an optical fiber, and the other end is connected to the slit structure (1) for calibrating the laser beam.

8. The device according to claim 6, wherein The cylindrical lens group (2) includes a plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) and a plano-concave cylindrical lens (22). The plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) is located between the plano-concave cylindrical lens (22) and the slit structure (1), and the plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) and the plano-concave cylindrical lens (22) are orthogonally arranged.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) and the plano-concave cylindrical lens (22) are fixed on an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment structure is used to adjust the distance and angle between the plano-convex cylindrical lens (21) and the plano-concave cylindrical lens (22), and further adjust the size and shape of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet. The thickness of the two-dimensional excitation light sheet is less than 10 microns.

10. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hyperspectral camera (4) is a push-broom hyperspectral camera (4), and the spectral resolution of the hyperspectral camera (4) is less than 3 nm.

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