Method for calibrating voltage divider and voltage divider calibration system

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calibrating a voltage divider and a voltage divider calibration system, basic characteristics such as static impedance characteristics and thermal stability of the voltage divider are obtained through basic testing, parameters of test items such as temperature circulation and electromagnetic interference are dynamically generated according to the basic characteristics, output data under different intensities are collected to calculate the interference degree, and the voltage divider is calibrated according to the interference degree. The objective weight of the entropy weight method and the subjective weight of the analytic hierarchy process are fused to obtain a combined interference weight, mapping of environmental parameters and the interference weight is established by using a neural network model, correction parameters are generated by combining a thermal stability coefficient, an impedance drift model and the like, and output dynamic compensation is completed through an improved Kalman filter. According to the method, test parameter self-adaptive adjustment and multi-dimensional interference accurate quantization are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of divider testing, and specifically to a method for calibrating a divider and a divider calibration system. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of power systems and precision measurements, as a core component for voltage signal conversion, the measurement accuracy of a divider directly affects the reliability of power equipment condition monitoring, high-voltage metering, and relay protection systems. With the rapid development of fields such as smart grids and new energy generation, the working environment faced by dividers is becoming increasingly complex. The combined effects of multi-dimensional environmental factors such as drastic temperature fluctuations, strong electromagnetic interference, and humidity changes will cause key parameters of the divider, such as impedance characteristics and thermal stability, to drift. Traditional methods based on static calibration are difficult to meet the high-precision measurement requirements under complex working conditions. The existing divider calibration technologies mainly have the following deficiencies: First, there is a lack of systematic analysis of the multi-physical-field coupling interference of dividers, making it difficult to quantify the influence weights of different environmental factors on the performance of dividers; second, fixed test parameters are mostly used in the calibration process, and the test scheme cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the individual differences of dividers, resulting in low calibration efficiency and insufficient adaptability; third, the environmental interference compensation model is too simplified, and the cross-influence of temperature - humidity - electromagnetic interference is not fully considered, resulting in limited calibration accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for calibrating a divider, including the following steps: Step 1, a divider test module conducts a basic test on the divider to obtain the basic characteristics of the divider, and based on the basic characteristics of the divider, generates a connection between the divider test container and the test module; Step 2, the test module generates test parameters for the corresponding test items according to the test items and the basic characteristics of the divider, and generates test item test containers for each test item respectively. Each test item test container is connected to the divider test container; Step 3, the divider test device tests the divider according to the test parameters of the test items to obtain the output data of the divider for the corresponding test items, and based on the output data of the divider under different intensities of the corresponding test items, obtains the interference degree of the corresponding test item on the divider; Step 4, the divider test container obtains the interference weight of the test item on the divider according to the interference degree of each test item on the divider. The environmental data acquisition module collects environmental parameters, and based on the environmental parameter test item data and the interference weight of the test item on the divider, generates divider correction parameters to correct the divider output and complete the divider correction.

[0004] Further, the voltage divider test module conducts basic tests on the voltage divider to obtain the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, including: The basic tests include measuring the static impedance characteristic curve of the voltage divider under standard temperature and humidity conditions; collecting the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the voltage divider after continuous operation at rated power for a set duration; obtaining a set of basic characteristic parameters including the initial impedance value and the thermal stability coefficient.

[0005] Further, the test module generates test parameters for the corresponding test items according to the test items and the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, including: When the test item is temperature cycling, temperature test parameters including different temperature ranges, different heating and cooling rates, and holding times are generated, and the holding time of the temperature cycle is dynamically adjusted according to the thermal stability coefficient in the basic characteristics; When the test item is electromagnetic interference, radiation interference parameters including different frequency bands and different intensities are generated.

[0006] Further, the voltage divider test device tests the voltage divider according to the test parameters of the test item to obtain the output data of the voltage divider for the corresponding test item, including: In the temperature cycle test, the output voltage of the voltage divider is collected; in the electromagnetic interference test, the harmonic distortion degree of the output signal of the voltage divider is collected in real time by using a spectrum monitor.

[0007] Further, the interference degree of the corresponding test item on the voltage divider is obtained according to the output data of the voltage divider under different intensities of the corresponding test item, including: Calculating the ratio of the drift amount of the output voltage to the temperature change amount in the temperature cycle test as the temperature interference coefficient; the amplitude ratio of the third harmonic component to the fundamental wave component in the electromagnetic interference test as the electromagnetic interference index; using the principal component analysis method to perform weighted synthesis on multi-dimensional interference indicators to generate the interference degree of the test item.

[0008] Further, the voltage divider test container obtains the interference weight of the test item on the voltage divider according to the interference degree of each test item on the voltage divider, including: Calculating the objective weight value of the interference degree of each test item based on the entropy weight method; obtaining the subjective weight value of the influence of the test item on the performance of the voltage divider through the analytic hierarchy process; performing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on the objective weight and the subjective weight to obtain the combined interference weight coefficient; establishing a three-dimensional weight mapping table including test items, interference degree, and combined weights.

[0009] Further, the environmental data acquisition module collects environmental parameters, generates voltage divider correction parameters according to the environmental parameter test item data and the interference weight of the test item on the voltage divider, and corrects the output of the voltage divider, including: Step S71: Real-time collect the temperature, humidity, and air pressure parameters of the test environment through a multi-parameter sensor array, synchronously obtain the electromagnetic interference spectrum feature data, and construct a multi-dimensional environment vector including environmental fundamental frequency parameters and harmonic component parameters. Step S72: Establish an environmental parameter-interference weight mapping model, and input the collected environmental parameters into a pre-trained neural network correction model. The model obtains the non-linear mapping relationship between environmental parameters and test item interference weights through training with historical test data. Step S73: Perform weighted fusion on environmental parameters according to the test item interference weights to generate an environmental interference compensation amount. Among them, the temperature parameter is exponentially weighted using a thermal stability coefficient, the humidity parameter is linearly compensated through an impedance drift model, and the electromagnetic interference parameter is asymmetrically compensated based on the harmonic distortion degree. Step S74: Input the environmental interference compensation amount into the voltage divider output correction algorithm, and use an improved Kalman filter to dynamically compensate the original output data of the voltage divider to generate the corrected voltage divider output.

[0010] A voltage divider calibration system includes a voltage divider, and applies the voltage divider calibration method described above, including a voltage divider correction module, a test module, a voltage divider test module, a voltage divider test device, an environmental parameter acquisition module, and a communication device. The voltage divider correction module, the test module, the voltage divider test module, the voltage divider test device, and the environmental parameter acquisition module are respectively connected to the communication device. The output end of the voltage divider is connected to the voltage divider correction module.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By comprehensively testing the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, including static impedance characteristics and thermal stability, etc., the inherent characteristics of the voltage divider can be accurately grasped. During the test process, for multiple test items such as temperature cycling and electromagnetic interference, refined design is carried out to generate reasonable test parameters, and high-precision acquisition equipment is used to obtain output data. Combining the principal component analysis method to comprehensively evaluate multi-dimensional interference indicators makes the judgment of the interference degree of the voltage divider more accurate.

[0012] This calibration method fully considers the influence of various environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, and electromagnetic interference on the voltage divider. By real-time collecting environmental parameters through a multi-parameter sensor array and establishing an environmental parameter-interference weight mapping model, the correction parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to the changes in the actual environment. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the voltage divider calibration method; Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart for correcting the output of the voltage divider. Detailed Embodiments

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0015] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0016] As Figure 1 shown, a method for calibrating a voltage divider includes the following steps: Step 1: The voltage divider test module performs a basic test on the voltage divider to obtain the basic characteristics of the voltage divider. According to the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, a voltage divider test container is generated and connected to the test module. Step 2: The test module generates test parameters for the corresponding test items according to the test items and the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, and generates test item test containers for each test item respectively. Each test item test container is connected to the voltage divider test container. Step 3: The voltage divider test device tests the voltage divider according to the test parameters of the test items to obtain the voltage divider output data for the corresponding test items. According to the voltage divider output data under different intensities of the corresponding test items, the interference degree of the corresponding test items on the voltage divider is obtained. Step 4: The voltage divider test container obtains the interference weight of the test items on the voltage divider according to the interference degree of each test item on the voltage divider. The environmental data acquisition module collects environmental parameters. According to the environmental parameter test item data and the interference weight of the test items on the voltage divider, a voltage divider correction parameter is generated to correct the voltage divider output and complete the voltage divider calibration.

[0017] The voltage divider test module performs a basic test on the voltage divider to obtain the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, including: The basic test includes measuring the static impedance characteristic curve of the voltage divider under standard temperature and humidity conditions; collecting the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the voltage divider after continuously working at the rated power for a set duration; obtaining a basic characteristic parameter set including the initial impedance value and the thermal stability coefficient.

[0018] The test module generates test parameters for the corresponding test items according to the test items and the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, including: When the test item is temperature cycle, generate temperature test parameters including different temperature ranges, different heating and cooling rates, and holding times, and dynamically adjust the holding time of the temperature cycle according to the thermal stability coefficient in the basic characteristics. When the test item is electromagnetic interference, generate radiation interference parameters including different frequency bands and different intensities.

[0019] The voltage divider test device tests the voltage divider according to the test parameters of the test items to obtain the voltage divider output data for the corresponding test items, including: During the temperature cycle test, the output voltage of the voltage divider is collected; during the electromagnetic interference test, the harmonic distortion degree of the output signal of the voltage divider is collected in real time by a spectrum monitor.

[0020] Obtaining the interference degree of the corresponding test item on the voltage divider according to the output data of the voltage divider under different intensities of the corresponding test item includes: Calculating the ratio of the drift amount of the output voltage to the temperature change amount during the temperature cycle test as the temperature interference coefficient; the amplitude ratio of the third harmonic component to the fundamental wave component during the electromagnetic interference test as the electromagnetic interference index; using the principal component analysis method to perform weighted synthesis on multi-dimensional interference indicators to generate the interference degree of the test item.

[0021] The voltage divider test container obtains the interference weight of the test item on the voltage divider according to the interference degree of each test item on the voltage divider, including: Calculating the objective weight value of the interference degree of each test item based on the entropy weight method; obtaining the subjective weight value of the influence of the test item on the performance of the voltage divider through the analytic hierarchy process; performing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on the objective weight and the subjective weight to obtain the combined interference weight coefficient; establishing a three-dimensional weight mapping table including test items, interference degree, and combined weights.

[0022] As Figure 2 shown, the environmental data acquisition module acquires environmental parameters, generates voltage divider correction parameters according to the environmental parameter test item data and the interference weight of the test item on the voltage divider, and corrects the output of the voltage divider, including: Step S71, real-time collecting the temperature, humidity, and air pressure parameters of the test environment through a multi-parameter sensor array, synchronously obtaining the electromagnetic interference spectrum characteristic data, and constructing a multi-dimensional environmental vector including environmental fundamental frequency parameters and harmonic component parameters; Step S72, establishing an environmental parameter-interference weight mapping model, inputting the collected environmental parameters into a pre-trained neural network correction model, and the model obtains the non-linear mapping relationship between environmental parameters and test item interference weights through historical test data training; Step S73, performing weighted fusion on the environmental parameters according to the test item interference weights to generate an environmental interference compensation amount, where the temperature parameter is exponentially weighted by a thermal stability coefficient, the humidity parameter is linearly compensated by an impedance drift model, and the electromagnetic interference parameter is asymmetrically compensated according to the harmonic distortion degree; Step S74, inputting the environmental interference compensation amount into the voltage divider output correction algorithm, and using an improved Kalman filter to perform dynamic compensation on the original output data of the voltage divider to generate the corrected output of the voltage divider.

[0023] A voltage divider calibration system includes a voltage divider and applies the voltage divider calibration method described above. It includes a voltage divider correction module, a test module, a voltage divider test module, a voltage divider test device, an environmental parameter acquisition module, and a communication device. The voltage divider correction module, test module, voltage divider test module, voltage divider test device, and environmental parameter acquisition module are respectively connected to the communication device. The output end of the voltage divider is connected to the voltage divider correction module.

[0024] Specifically, basic testing and feature extraction of the voltage divider The voltage divider test module uses the four-terminal measurement method to conduct basic tests on the voltage divider. In a standard temperature and humidity environment (temperature 23 ± 1°C, humidity 50 ± 5% RH), 100 equally spaced voltage points within the range from 0 to the rated voltage are applied through a programmable DC power supply, and the input-output voltage data of the voltage divider is collected. A static impedance characteristic curve is generated through polynomial fitting: Z(V)=a0+a1V+a2V2+⋯+anVn where ai are fitting coefficients, a0 represents the reference impedance at zero voltage, and the higher-order terms a i (i≥1) reflect the degree of impedance distortion caused by voltage.

[0025] It continuously operates for 48 hours under the rated power PN, and the surface temperature distribution is collected by an infrared thermal imager at a sampling rate of 10Hz. The thermal stability coefficient kT is calculated through a heat conduction model: kT=(ΔZ / Z0) / ΔT where Z0 is the initial impedance value at 23°C, and ΔZ is the impedance drift amount after the temperature change ΔT. Finally, a basic feature parameter set including Z0, kT, and the parameters of the impedance characteristic curve is generated.

[0026] Test parameter generation and interference testing Temperature cycle test parameter generation The temperature range is set from Tmin = -20°C to Tmax = 85°C, and the heating and cooling rates vT are divided into three gears: 1°C / min, 5°C / min, and 10°C / min. The holding time tH is dynamically adjusted based on the thermal stability coefficient: tH=t0⋅(1+kT⋅∣ΔT∣) where t0 = 30min is the reference holding time, and ΔT = Tmax - Tmin.

[0027] Electromagnetic interference test parameter generation The radiation interference frequency band is divided into: low frequency band (10 kHz - 1 MHz), medium frequency band (1 MHz - 30 MHz), and high frequency band (30 MHz - 1 GHz). The intensity of each frequency band increases from -20 dBm to 40 dBm in 10 dBm steps, and a dipole antenna is used to emit broadband electromagnetic signals. Quantification of interference degree and weight analysis Calculation of temperature interference coefficient In the temperature cycle test, the temperature interference coefficient αT is defined as the ratio of the output voltage drift to the temperature change: αT = (Vout(T) - Vout(T0)) / (T - T0) where T0 = 23 °C is the reference temperature, and Vout(T) is the output voltage at temperature T.

[0028] Calculation of electromagnetic interference index The spectrum of the output signal is collected using a spectrum monitor, and the electromagnetic interference index βEMI is defined as the amplitude ratio of the third harmonic component A3 to the fundamental component A1: Principal component analysis of comprehensive interference degree Let the multi-dimensional interference index vector be X = [αT, βEMI,...]. Through principal component analysis, the weight vector w = w 1, w 2,...], and the interference degree D is: Calculation of objective weight by entropy weight method Let the interference degree matrix of n test items be D = [d ij m×n, and after standardization, it is R = [r ij m×n. The entropy value ej j of the jth item is: Objective weight is: ; d ij is the influence degree of the jth interference factor in the ith test; r ij is the normalized interference degree value of the jth interference factor in the ith test.

[0029] Subjective weight by analytic hierarchy process Construct the judgment matrix A = [aij]n×n of the influence degree of test items. Through eigenvalue decomposition, the maximum eigenvalue λmax and its corresponding eigenvector w S are obtained, and after normalization, the subjective weight vector is obtained.

[0030] Combined weight of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation Let the fuzzy weight coefficient γ ∈ [0, 1], and the combined weight is: Finally, a three-dimensional weight mapping table M(Ti, Dj, wk) is established, where Ti is the test item, Dj is the interference degree, and wk is the combined weight, is the subjective weight of the j th interference factor.

[0031] Environmental correction and output compensation Multi-dimensional environmental vector construction The multi-parameter sensor array collects temperature T, humidity H, and air pressure P at a sampling rate of 100 Hz, with accuracies of ±0.5 °C, ±2% RH, and ±0.1 kPa respectively; the electromagnetic interference spectrum is collected by a real-time spectrum analyzer to construct an environmental vector: E = [T, H, P, A1, A3, …, An] Neural network correction model A three-layer BP neural network is adopted (10 nodes in the input layer, 20 nodes in the hidden layer, and 5 nodes in the output layer), and the loss function is the mean square error: where is the model prediction weight, is the actual weight, and the parameters are optimized by the Adam algorithm.

[0032] Calculation of environmental interference compensation amount The temperature compensation term CT uses exponential weighting: CT = kT ⋅ (T − T0) ⋅ e −λ(T-To)2 ; The humidity compensation term CH is based on the impedance drift model: CH = δH ⋅ (H − H0), where δH is the humidity drift coefficient, and the electromagnetic interference compensation term CEMI is: ; where η k is the harmonic component weight coefficient.

[0033] Improved Kalman filter correction State equation: xk = Fxk−1 + Gwk Observation equation: zk = Hxk + vk The improvement is to introduce the environmental interference compensation amount as the state correction term: xk′ = xk + Kk(CT + CH + CEMI), where Kk is the Kalman gain matrix.

[0034] Example 1: Calibration of a resistive voltage divider for a 110 kV power system Voltage divider parameters and application scenarios Type: Oil-immersed resistive voltage divider Rated voltage: 110 kV (rms) Voltage division ratio: 10000:1 Application scenario: High-voltage metering and protection devices in substations Basic test process Static impedance test: Using a 200 kV programmable DC power supply, apply a voltage of 0 - 120 kV (1200 sampling points) at 23°C and 50% RH. Fit the impedance characteristic curve: Z(V) = 100 MΩ + 2.5×10 -5 V - 1.2×10 -10 V², with an initial impedance Z0 = 100.023 MΩ (at 23°C).

[0035] Thermal stability test: Continuously operate at a rated power of 100 W for 72 hours. The highest temperature measured by an infrared thermal imager is 68°C. Calculate: k_T = [(98.7 MΩ - 100.023 MΩ) / 100.023 MΩ] / (68°C - 23°C) = -2.94×10 -4 / °C.

[0036] Test item and parameter generation Temperature cycle test: Temperature range: -30°C to 75°C (covering the extreme environment of outdoor substations), heating and cooling rate: 5°C / min (simulating seasonal temperature differences), hold time calculated dynamically: t_H = 30 min・(1 + |-2.94×10 -4 / °C|×105°C) = 39.2 min.

[0037] Electromagnetic interference test: Key frequency band: 10 kHz - 1 MHz (power frequency and switching operation interference), radiation intensity: increasing from 0 dBm to 60 dBm (simulating the operation of substation circuit breakers).

[0038] Interference degree quantification Temperature interference coefficient: Collect the output voltage in the range of -30°C to 75°C and calculate: α_T = (11.023 V - 11.000 V) / (75°C - (-30°C)) = 21.9 μV / °C Electromagnetic interference index: Under 60 dBm and 1 MHz interference, the amplitude of the third harmonic is 0.85 mV and the fundamental wave is 11.000 V: β_EMI = 20 log 10 (0.85 mV / 11.000 V) = -62.2 dB.

[0039] Principal component analysis comprehensive interference degree: Introduce 6 indicators such as humidity (affecting insulation resistance) and air pressure (affecting surface discharge). The contribution rate of the first principal component is 82.3%, and the comprehensive interference degree D = 0.73 (in the range of 0 - 1).

[0040] Calibration Implementation and Effect Environmental Parameter Collection: The on-site measured temperature is 42°C, humidity is 65% RH, air pressure is 101.3 kPa, and the electromagnetic interference spectrum shows that the 100 kHz component is -45 dBm.

[0041] Calibration Parameter Calculation: Temperature Compensation Term: C_T = -2.94×10 -4 / °C・(42°C - 23°C)・e （-0.01×(19℃)²） = -5.43×10 -3 After calibration using the improved Kalman filter, the measured output voltage of 110 kV was corrected from 11.032 V to 11.001 V, and the error decreased from 0.29% to 0.009%.

[0042] Example 2: Calibration of a 0.01 - level voltage divider for precision electronic measurement Voltage Divider Parameters and Application Scenarios Type: Four - terminal precision resistor voltage divider Rated Voltage: 100 V (DC / low - frequency AC) Voltage Division Ratio: 100:1 (switchable 10:1 / 1000:1) Application Scenario: Voltage standard traceability in a metrology laboratory Basic Test Process Static Impedance Test: Under the conditions of 23°C and 50% RH, a 100 V DC power supply was used to scan from 0 - 100 V (1000 points), and by fitting, it was obtained that: Z(V) = 100.000 kΩ + 1.5×10 -7 V - 8.3×10 -13 V², the initial impedance Z0 = 100.002 kΩ, and the fitting error < 50 ppm.

[0043] Thermal Stability Test: Operating at a rated power of 5 W for 24 hours, the maximum temperature is 31°C, and by calculation: k_T = ((100.005 kΩ - 100.002 kΩ) / 100.002 kΩ) / (31°C - 23°C) = 3.75×10 -6 / °C.

[0044] Test Items and Parameter Generation Temperature Cycle Test: Temperature Range: 18°C to 28°C (temperature control range of the metrology laboratory), heating and cooling rate: 1°C / min (simulating air - conditioner fluctuations), holding time: t_H = 30 min・(1 + 3.75×10 -6 / ℃×10℃)=30.01min。

[0045] Electromagnetic interference test: Key frequency band: 100 kHz - 10 MHz (interference from the instrument switch power supply), Radiation intensity: -40 dBm to 20 dBm (simulating the interference of a group of laboratory instruments).

[0046] Quantification of interference degree Temperature interference coefficient: Output voltage change in the range of 18℃ - 28℃: α_T=(1.00023V - 0.99978V) / (28℃ - 18℃)=45.0 μV / ℃.

[0047] Electromagnetic interference index: Under the interference of 20 dBm and 10 MHz, the third harmonic is 0.12 μV and the fundamental wave is 1.00000 V: β_EMI = 20log 10 (0.12 μV / 1.00000 V)= -128.4 dB.

[0048] Comprehensive interference degree by principal component analysis: Introduce 4 indicators such as vibration (affecting contact resistance) and voltage fluctuation, and the comprehensive interference degree D = 0.15 (low interference level).

[0049] Calibration implementation and effect Environmental parameter collection: Laboratory temperature 24.5℃, humidity 48% RH, air pressure 101.2 kPa, peak value of electromagnetic interference spectrum -55 dBm.

[0050] Calculation of calibration parameters: Humidity compensation term (δ_H = 2×10 -6 / % RH): C_H = 2×10 -6 / % RH・(48% RH - 50%RH)= -4×10 -6 , After calibration by Kalman filter, when the input is 100 V, the output is corrected from 1.00032 V to 1.00001 V, and the error is reduced from 0.032% to 0.001%, meeting the requirements of the 0.01 - level standard.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating a voltage divider, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: The voltage divider test module conducts a basic test on the voltage divider to obtain the basic characteristics of the voltage divider. Based on the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, a test container for the voltage divider is generated and connected to the test module; Step 2: The test module generates test parameters for the corresponding test items according to the test items and the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, and generates test item test containers for each test item respectively. Each test item test container is connected to the voltage divider test container; Step 3: The voltage divider test device tests the voltage divider according to the test parameters of the test items, obtains the voltage divider output data for the corresponding test items, and obtains the interference degree of the corresponding test items on the voltage divider based on the voltage divider output data under different intensities of the corresponding test items; Step 4: The voltage divider test container obtains the interference weight of the test items on the voltage divider according to the interference degree of each test item on the voltage divider. The environmental data acquisition module collects environmental parameters, and generates voltage divider correction parameters based on the environmental parameter test item data and the interference weight of the test items on the voltage divider, and corrects the voltage divider output to complete the voltage divider correction.

2. The method for calibrating a voltage divider according to claim 1, wherein The voltage divider test module conducts a basic test on the voltage divider to obtain the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, including: The basic test includes measuring the static impedance characteristic curve of the voltage divider under standard temperature and humidity conditions; collecting the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the voltage divider after continuous operation at rated power for a set duration; obtaining a set of basic characteristic parameters including the initial impedance value and the thermal stability coefficient.

3. A method for calibrating a voltage divider according to claim 2, characterized in that, The test module generates test parameters for the corresponding test items according to the test items and the basic characteristics of the voltage divider, including: When the test item is temperature cycle, generate temperature test parameters including different temperature ranges, different heating and cooling rates, and holding times, and dynamically adjust the holding time of the temperature cycle according to the thermal stability coefficient in the basic characteristics; When the test item is electromagnetic interference, generate radiation interference parameters including different frequency bands and different intensities.

4. A method for calibrating a voltage divider according to claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage divider test device tests the voltage divider according to the test parameters of the test items, obtains the voltage divider output data for the corresponding test items, including: In the temperature cycle test, collect the output voltage of the voltage divider; in the electromagnetic interference test, use a spectrum monitor to collect the harmonic distortion degree of the output signal of the voltage divider in real time.

5. A method for calibrating a voltage divider according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method of obtaining the interference degree of the corresponding test items on the voltage divider based on the voltage divider output data under different intensities of the corresponding test items includes: Calculate the ratio of the drift amount of the output voltage to the temperature change amount in the temperature cycle test as the temperature interference coefficient; the amplitude ratio of the third harmonic component to the fundamental component in the electromagnetic interference test as the electromagnetic interference index; use the principal component analysis method to perform weighted synthesis on multi-dimensional interference indicators to generate the interference degree of the test items.

6. A method for calibrating a voltage divider according to claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage divider test container obtains the interference weight of the test items on the voltage divider according to the interference degree of each test item on the voltage divider, including: Calculate the objective weight value of the interference degree of each test item based on the entropy weight method; obtain the subjective weight value of the influence of the test items on the performance of the voltage divider through the analytic hierarchy process; perform fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on the objective weight and the subjective weight to obtain the combined interference weight coefficient; establish a three-dimensional weight mapping table including test items, interference degree, and combined weight.

7. A method for calibrating a voltage divider according to claim 1, characterized in that The described environmental data acquisition module collects environmental parameters, generates voltage divider correction parameters according to the environmental parameter test item data and the interference weight of the test item on the voltage divider, and corrects the output of the voltage divider, including: Step S71, real-time collect the temperature, humidity, and air pressure parameters of the test environment through a multi-parameter sensor array, synchronously obtain the electromagnetic interference spectrum feature data, and construct a multi-dimensional environmental vector including environmental fundamental frequency parameters and harmonic component parameters; Step S72, establish an environmental parameter-interference weight mapping model, and input the collected environmental parameters into a pre-trained neural network correction model, and the model obtains the non-linear mapping relationship between environmental parameters and test item interference weights through historical test data training; Step S73, perform weighted fusion on the environmental parameters according to the test item interference weights to generate an environmental interference compensation amount, where the temperature parameter is exponentially weighted using a thermal stability coefficient, the humidity parameter is linearly compensated through an impedance drift model, and the electromagnetic interference parameter is asymmetrically compensated based on the harmonic distortion degree; Step S74, input the environmental interference compensation amount into the voltage divider output correction algorithm, and use an improved Kalman filter to dynamically compensate the original output data of the voltage divider to generate the corrected output of the voltage divider.

8. A voltage divider calibration system, characterized in that, It includes a voltage divider, and applies the voltage divider calibration method according to any one of claims 1-7, including a voltage divider correction module, a test module, a voltage divider test module, a voltage divider test device, an environmental parameter acquisition module, and a communication device; the voltage divider correction module, the test module, the voltage divider test module, the voltage divider test device, and the environmental parameter acquisition module are respectively connected to the communication device; the output end of the voltage divider is connected to the voltage divider correction module.

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