Method, device, electronic device and storage medium for generating impulse current waveform parameters

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for generating impulse current waveform parameters. The method includes: obtaining historical lightning strike parameters; constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; performing simulation operations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions and the second internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding working conditions; obtaining multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data. By constructing a model for simulation based on historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data, the impact of different lightning intrusion pathways on the lightning arrester is comprehensively considered. Compared with the simulation of a single working condition, the generated waveform parameter range is more accurate, providing a more accurate basis for the lightning protection design and analysis of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lightning arrester research, and in particular to a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for generating impulse current waveform parameters. Background Art

[0002] Lightning strikes are the primary cause of overhead line tripping in ultra-high voltage direct current (UHVDC) transmission. Line arresters can effectively reduce the lightning trip rate, but surge aging and failure of arresters can impact power supply security. Currently, research into arrester surge aging tolerance, failure causes, and methods for improving surge tolerance primarily uses 8 / 20μs surge current waveforms to simulate arrester lightning surges, and also uses 200μs waveforms to simulate multiple lightning strikes.

[0003] Under typical lightning surges, the surge current waveforms experienced by line arresters, station busbar arresters, and neutral arresters vary significantly. Therefore, conducting only 8 / 20μs surge aging tests on arresters fails to analyze the surge withstand capabilities and weaknesses of zinc oxide resistors under various lightning surge currents. Accumulating surges with different current waveforms makes it impossible to accurately analyze the health and remaining life of arresters. This can result in arresters continuing to operate in the system even when they are already aged or damaged but remain undetected. When subjected to another overvoltage surge, the arrester may fail to function properly, causing overvoltage to directly impact electrical equipment, leading to insulation damage, short circuits, and other faults, seriously impacting the safe and stable operation of the power system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, electronic device, and storage medium for generating impulse current waveform parameters, so as to improve the accuracy of lightning arrester current waveform analysis.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for generating impulse current waveform parameters, comprising:

[0006] Get historical lightning parameters;

[0007] Constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data;

[0008] Performing simulation operations using the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions;

[0009] Performing simulation operations using the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions;

[0010] Data analysis and processing are performed based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, wherein one lightning arrester current waveform parameter range corresponds to a lightning strike back working condition or a lightning shielding failure working condition.

[0011] In a possible implementation, constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data includes: selecting a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and a lightning arrester model in a model library of a preset simulation software in sequence based on the historical lightning strike parameters and the preset topology data; and constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software based on the lightning current model, the transmission line model, the tower model, and the lightning arrester model.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the performing of a simulation operation by the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike conditions includes: performing a simulation calculation by the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a simulation parameter setting operation by a user to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning strike conditions; and determining the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the arrester under the different lightning strike conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike conditions.

[0013] In a possible implementation, performing a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions includes: performing a simulation calculation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a simulation parameter setting operation by a user to obtain a voltage amplitude, a current amplitude, an absorbed energy, a current wavefront time, and a wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; and determining the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the arrester under the different lightning shielding failure conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under the different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the first internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions, and the second internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure working conditions; accordingly, the data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data is performed to obtain multiple arrester current waveform parameter ranges, including: performing simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the arrester under the different lightning strike back working conditions to obtain the first wavefront time range and the first wave tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning strikes the tower where the arrester is located, and the second wavefront time range and the second wave tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning strikes the adjacent tower where the lightning strike arrester is located; according to the different lightning shielding failure working conditions The voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wavetail time in the arrester under working conditions are subjected to simulation data analysis and processing to obtain a third wavefront time range and a third wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located is struck, as well as a fourth wavefront time range and a fourth wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located is struck; based on the first wavefront time range and the first wavetail time range, the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the tower where the arrester is located are determined; based on the second wavefront time range and the second wavetail time range, the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the tower where the arrester is located is determined; based on the third wavefront time range and the third wavetail time range, the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shielding arrester is located is determined; based on the fourth wavefront time range and the fourth wavetail time range, the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shielding arrester is located is determined.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the lightning current model uses a double exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform; the transmission line model uses a frequency-dependent model; the tower model uses a multi-wave impedance model; the arrester model uses a composite jacket arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor, and the motor installed on the outside of the conductor and the side of the arrester body constitutes a series gap.

[0016] In a possible embodiment, the method further includes: obtaining discharge test data; establishing a discharge test database based on the discharge test data, wherein the discharge test database includes insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time, wave tail time, and breakdown time; using the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time, wave tail time, and breakdown time in the discharge test database as input variables and the breakdown time as output variable, performing model training on a preset machine learning model to obtain target model parameters; and performing model adjustment on the lightning overvoltage simulation model using the target model parameters to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for generating impulse current waveform parameters, comprising:

[0018] Acquisition module, used to obtain historical lightning parameters;

[0019] A model building module is used to build a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on the historical lightning stroke parameters and preset topology data;

[0020] A simulation module, configured to perform a simulation operation using the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions;

[0021] The simulation module is further configured to perform a simulation operation using the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions;

[0022] A data analysis module is used to perform data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, where one lightning arrester current waveform parameter range corresponds to a lightning strike back working condition or a lightning shielding failure working condition.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the model building module is specifically used to: select a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and a lightning arrester model in sequence from a model library of a preset simulation software based on the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; and construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software based on the lightning current model, transmission line model, tower model, and lightning arrester model.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the simulation module is specifically used to: perform simulation calculations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to the user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning strike conditions; and determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under the different lightning strike conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning strike conditions.

[0025] In a possible embodiment, the simulation module is further specifically used to: perform simulation calculations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to the user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; and determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under the different lightning shielding failure conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0026] In a possible embodiment, the data analysis module is specifically used to: perform simulation data analysis and processing according to the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the arrester under the different lightning strike back working conditions, and obtain the first wavefront time range and the first wave tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning strikes the tower where the arrester is located, and the second wavefront time range and the second wave tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning strikes the tower adjacent to the tower where the arrester is located; perform simulation data analysis and processing according to the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the arrester under the different lightning shielding failure working conditions, and obtain the third wavefront time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning shielding failure arrester is located. the fourth wave front time range, the third wave tail time range, and the fourth wave tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located is adjacent to the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located; according to the first wave front time range and the first wave tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located; according to the second wave front time range and the second wave tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located is adjacent to the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located; according to the third wave front time range and the third wave tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shielding arrester is located; according to the fourth wave front time range and the fourth wave tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shielding arrester is adjacent to the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located.

[0027] In one possible embodiment, the model building module is specifically used to: the lightning current model uses a double exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform; the transmission line model uses a frequency-dependent model; the tower model uses a multi-wave impedance model; the lightning arrester model uses a composite jacket lightning arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor, and the motor installed on the outside of the conductor and the side of the lightning arrester body constitutes a series gap.

[0028] In one possible embodiment, the model building module is further specifically used to: obtain discharge test data; establish a discharge test database based on the discharge test data, wherein the discharge test database includes insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time, wave tail time and breakdown time; use the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time and wave tail time in the discharge test database as input variables, and use the breakdown time as the output variable to train a preset machine learning model to obtain target model parameters; use the target model parameters to adjust the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor;

[0030] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0031] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the above first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the first aspect above and / or various possible implementation methods of the first aspect.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation methods of the first aspect.

[0034] The impulse current waveform parameter generation method, device, electronic device and storage medium provided in the embodiment of the present application obtain historical lightning strike parameters; construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; perform simulation operations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions; perform simulation operations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the second internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding working conditions; perform data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, wherein one lightning arrester current waveform parameter range corresponds to a lightning strike back working condition or a lightning shielding working condition. The method of constructing a model for simulation by using historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data comprehensively considers the impact of different lightning intrusion pathways on the lightning arrester. Compared with the simulation of a single working condition, the generated waveform parameter range is more accurate and practical, providing a more accurate basis for the lightning protection design and analysis of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of the method for generating impulse current waveform parameters provided in this application;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the multi-wave impedance model provided for this application;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the 7-tower model of the line provided for this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for generating impulse current waveform parameters provided by this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application.

[0041] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the textual description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0043] Lightning strikes are the primary cause of overhead line tripping in ultra-high voltage direct current (UHVDC) transmission. Line arresters can effectively reduce the lightning trip rate, but surge aging and failure of arresters can impact power supply security. Currently, research into arrester surge aging tolerance, failure causes, and methods for improving surge tolerance primarily uses 8 / 20μs surge current waveforms to simulate arrester lightning surges, and also uses 200μs waveforms to simulate multiple lightning strikes.

[0044] First, let’s explain the terms involved in this application:

[0045] Lightning strike back: refers to the situation where lightning directly hits the tower or lightning conductor, and then discharges to the arrester through the tower or lightning conductor;

[0046] Lightning shielding failure: refers to the situation where lightning bypasses the pole tower or lightning conductor and directly strikes the phase conductor of the power line, and then generates overvoltage on the lightning arrester through induction or coupling.

[0047] In the existing technology, by only conducting an 8 / 20μs impact aging test on the lightning arrester, it is impossible to analyze the impact tolerance and effectiveness weaknesses of the zinc oxide resistor under various actual lightning impulse currents. After accumulating impacts with different current waveforms, it is impossible to accurately analyze the health status and remaining life of the lightning arrester. As a result, the lightning arrester may continue to operate in the system even though it has aged or been damaged but has not yet been discovered. When it is subjected to an overvoltage shock again, the lightning arrester may not be able to perform its protective role normally, causing the overvoltage to act directly on the power equipment, thereby causing insulation damage, short circuits and other faults of the equipment, seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0048] The method for generating impulse current waveform parameters provided in the present application uses the observed natural lightning parameters and a constructed lightning overvoltage simulation model to simulate the impulse current waveform parameters in the lightning arrester under lightning strike conditions under different working conditions, providing a basis for studying the aging characteristics and status evaluation of the lightning arrester under different impulse currents, and solving the technical problem that the simulation experiments used in the prior art cannot fully reflect the complex lightning environment faced by the lightning arrester in actual operation, resulting in inaccurate analysis and threatening the safety of the power system.

[0049] The following specific embodiments describe in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flow chart diagram of the method for generating impulse current waveform parameters provided by this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for generating impulse current waveform parameters, and the process includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S101: Obtain historical lightning stroke parameters.

[0052] Specifically, historical lightning parameters can be obtained based on the lightning location system in the area where the target transmission line is located. This is done by summarizing and analyzing the raw lightning data monitored in the target area over a preset year and filtering out valid data for analysis and calculation. Line lightning parameters can also be studied and summarized based on artificial lightning induction tests.

[0053] For example, the analysis results after screening for a target area showed that multiple lightning strikes accounted for approximately 42%; among these multiple lightning strikes, negative polarity accounted for 92.8%; the typical return stroke frequency for multiple lightning strikes ranged from 2 to 6, with 2 strikes accounting for the largest proportion, approximately 33%; and the average front and tail times of the first return stroke were 5.63 μs and 77.5 μs, respectively. Therefore, the multiple lightning strike parameters used in this target area were: negative polarity lightning, a return stroke frequency of 2, and 5.63 / 77.5 μs as the waveform parameters for the first return stroke of the measured multiple lightning strike waveform.

[0054] Because artificially triggered lightning ground flashes do not undergo the upward leader process of natural lightning and cannot accurately reflect the first return stroke of the main discharge, the measured return strokes are all subsequent return strokes. Taking the target area mentioned above as an example, the results of the artificial lightning induction test research and measurement show that the wavefront time of the subsequent return stroke of multiple lightning strikes is 0.20-0.68μs, with an average of 0.37μs and a median of 0.36μs; the wave tail time is 4.73-42.60μs, with a median of 18.13μs. Therefore, 0.36 / 18μs can be proposed as the subsequent return stroke of the waveform measured by multiple lightning strikes in the target area mentioned above.

[0055] The above-mentioned target areas take the 2.6 / 50μs in the GB / T50064-2014 standard as an example of a single lightning stroke waveform; the 1 / 200μs recommended by the IEC standard as an example of the first return stroke waveform of multiple lightning strokes and 0.25 / 100μs as the subsequent return stroke waveform as a reference for comparison.

[0056] Combining the above-mentioned lightning location system and artificial lightning induction observation results with engineering standards, the typical lightning current waveform parameters for the line can be obtained: 2.6 / 50μs is the waveform of a single lightning stroke, 1 / 200μs and 0.25 / 100μs are the first return stroke and subsequent return stroke of the standard waveform of multiple lightning strokes, and 5.63 / 77.5μs and 0.36 / 18μs are the first return stroke and subsequent return stroke of the measured waveform of multiple lightning strokes.

[0057] Historical lightning strike parameters can reflect the multi-dimensional parameters of actual lightning strike characteristics, providing basic data support for the subsequent construction of accurate lightning overvoltage simulation models. This helps to make the constructed simulation models and generated waveform parameters more representative and practical, and can better simulate the lightning environment faced by lightning arresters in actual operation.

[0058] Step S102: constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on historical lightning stroke parameters and preset topology data.

[0059] Specifically, the preset topology data are the structural parameters of each small model in the lightning overvoltage simulation model, such as the transmission radius of the transmission line, tower height, and width. Combined with information such as lightning strike intensity and waveform characteristics from historical lightning strike parameters, the source and characteristics of the lightning overvoltage are determined. At the same time, based on the preset power system topology, an equivalent circuit model or electromagnetic transient simulation model corresponding to the actual power system is constructed in the simulation software. By setting appropriate model parameters and boundary conditions, it is possible to accurately simulate the propagation process of lightning waves in the power system and their interaction with lightning arresters.

[0060] By constructing a virtual power system lightning overvoltage scenario, a digital experimental platform is provided for subsequent simulation operations. The lightning overvoltage simulation model fully considers the complex structure of the power system and the characteristics of various electrical components, more realistically reflecting the behavior of lightning overvoltage in the actual system. It converts actual lightning strike data into a simulation model that can be used for numerical calculation and analysis. The response characteristics of the lightning arrester are simulated under different operating conditions, thereby obtaining its internal lightning strike data, which further provides a basis for the generation of waveform parameters.

[0061] Step S103: performing simulation operations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions.

[0062] Specifically, a lightning strike occurs when lightning directly strikes a tower or lightning conductor, then discharges through the tower or conductor to the arrester. The system simulates the propagation of the lightning wave along the tower or conductor according to preset parameters such as the lightning current amplitude and waveform. When the lightning wave reaches the arrester, the system analyzes the first internal lightning stroke data under different lightning strike conditions, based on the arrester's electrical characteristics (such as the volt-ampere characteristics of the nonlinear resistor and the capacitance effect) and its connection to the power system. This data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy amplitude, and the wavefront and wavetail times of the impulse current.

[0063] Step S104: performing simulation operations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0064] Specifically, a lightning shielding failure occurs when lightning bypasses a tower or lightning conductor and directly strikes a phase conductor in a power line. This then generates an overvoltage in the arrester through induction or coupling. Based on the characteristics of lightning shielding failure, appropriate lightning current parameters and a shielding failure model are set (taking into account the coupling between the lightning electromagnetic field and the conductor, the discharge characteristics of the air gap, etc.). This model simulates the propagation of the induced overvoltage generated by a lightning shielding failure in the power system and the response characteristics of the arrester. By solving the transient equations of the power system and the boundary conditions of the arrester, the second internal lightning stroke data of the arrester is obtained under different lightning shielding failure conditions, including voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wave front time, and wave tail time.

[0065] Step S105: performing data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain a plurality of lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, wherein one lightning arrester current waveform parameter range corresponds to a lightning strike back working condition or a lightning shielding failure working condition.

[0066] Specifically, the first and second internal lightning stroke data are analyzed to determine the ranges of surge current front and tail times in the arrester under different lightning overvoltage fault conditions. Each range corresponds to a specific lightning operating condition. This parameter range accurately describes the current waveform characteristics of the arrester under different lightning conditions, providing an important reference for the selection, configuration, and analysis of arresters in power systems.

[0067] The parameter range can be used in the design of power systems, the testing and operation of lightning arresters, and maintenance, helping personnel to better understand and respond to the impact of lightning overvoltage on power systems and improve the lightning resistance of power systems.

[0068] The method for generating impulse current waveform parameters provided in an embodiment of the present invention constructs a model for simulation by using historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data, comprehensively considering the impact of different lightning intrusion paths on the lightning arrester. Compared with the simulation of a single working condition, the generated waveform parameter range is more accurate and practical, providing a more precise basis for the lightning protection design and analysis of the power system.

[0069] This embodiment describes in detail the process of constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on historical lightning parameters and preset topology data in the above embodiment. The specific implementation of this process includes the following steps:

[0070] Step a1: Select a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and a lightning arrester model in sequence from a model library of a preset simulation software according to historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data.

[0071] Specifically, the selected model can accurately reflect the physical characteristics and layout of the actual power system, including the generation and propagation of lightning current, the electrical characteristics of the transmission line, the mechanical and electrical structure of the tower, and the nonlinear resistance characteristics of the lightning arrester; it lays the foundation for the subsequent construction of a complete lightning overvoltage simulation model in the simulation software, ensuring that the various parts of the model can work together to simulate the actual lightning intrusion and lightning arrester response process.

[0072] Step a2: Construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in a preset simulation software based on the lightning current model, transmission line model, tower model, and arrester model.

[0073] Specifically, within the pre-set simulation software, the selected lightning current model, transmission line model, tower model, and arrester model are integrated and connected according to the actual power system topology. Based on historical lightning strike parameters and the specific parameters of the power system, detailed parameter settings are performed for each component in the model, such as the lightning current amplitude, wavefront time, and wavelength; the resistance, inductance, and capacitance of the transmission line; the tower height and grounding resistance; and the nonlinear resistance characteristics of the arrester. Through the mathematical algorithms within the simulation software, these models and parameters are converted into mathematical equations that can be solved by a computer, forming a complete lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0074] The constructed simulation model can fully present the electrical behavior of the actual power system under the action of lightning overvoltage, including the generation and propagation of lightning current, the voltage and current distribution on the transmission line, the potential rise on the tower, and the operating characteristics of the lightning arrester. The simulation results are highly accurate and reliable, and can provide strong support for subsequent simulation analysis and engineering applications.

[0075] In some optional embodiments, the above-mentioned lightning current model uses a double exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform; the transmission line model uses a frequency-related model; the tower model uses a multi-wave impedance model; the lightning arrester model uses a composite sheathed lightning arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor, and the motor installed on the outside of the conductor and the side of the lightning arrester body constitutes a series gap.

[0076] Specifically, the double exponential expression can fit the waveform characteristics of the actual lightning current due to its large steepness. The expression is:

[0077]

[0078] Where t represents time, α and β are constants, I0 is the lightning current amplitude, k is the peak calibration coefficient, and e is a natural constant. I0 is the maximum value in the preset simulated lightning current waveform, such as the peak value in the inverted V-shaped lightning current waveform.

[0079] For the target area as exemplified in step S1, the lightning waves of both single lightning strikes and multiple lightning strikes adopt the double exponential expression, and the corresponding fitting parameter values ​​are shown in Table 1.

[0080] surface Different lightning current waveform fitting parameter values

[0081]

[0082] The double exponential waveform can more accurately simulate the rapid rise and slow fall of lightning current, reflecting the time-varying characteristics of current during lightning discharge, making the simulation closer to reality. It also provides an accurate current source for overvoltage calculations in subsequent models of transmission lines, towers, and lightning arresters, thereby ensuring that the input conditions of the entire simulation model conform to actual lightning conditions.

[0083] The line model can adopt a frequency-dependent model, which accounts for the frequency-dependent characteristics of transmission line parameters (such as resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance). The electrical characteristics of a transmission line vary at different frequencies. By establishing a frequency-parameter relationship model, the propagation of lightning current along the transmission line can be more accurately described. This allows for more accurate simulation of the transmission characteristics of lightning current along the transmission line, especially at high frequencies, by accounting for the attenuation and phase shift of high-frequency components along the line, resulting in more realistic simulation results.

[0084] The tower model can be used as follows Figure 2The multi-wave impedance model shown in Figure 2 analyzes the stress characteristics of line arresters under subsequent lightning overvoltage conditions. This model considers a tower as composed of multiple sections with varying wave impedances. Based on factors such as tower height, structure, and material, the tower is divided into different segments, each with a corresponding wave impedance value, to simulate the propagation and distribution characteristics of lightning current along the tower. This model provides a more detailed description of the flow of lightning current along the tower, taking into account the variation in wave impedance at different tower heights, leading to more accurate calculations of the voltage distribution and potential rise along the tower. The wave impedance parameters for each section of the tower are shown in Table 2.

[0085] surface Tower and cross-arm wave impedance (Ω)

[0086]

[0087] The arrester model features a composite sheathed arrester structure with an external series gap and internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistors. This structure utilizes the isolation provided by the gap and the nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics of the zinc oxide resistors to provide overvoltage protection. Under normal circumstances, the gap provides insulation. When the voltage exceeds a certain value, the gap breaks down, allowing the current to leak to the ground through the zinc oxide resistors. Electrodes installed on the conductor side and the arrester body form the series gap. Some parameters are shown in Table 3.

[0088] surface Some key technical parameters of ±800kV line arresters

[0089]

[0090] The embodiments of the present invention form a complete lightning overvoltage simulation system through the mutual cooperation of various models. The lightning current model serves as the excitation source and provides input for the entire simulation; the transmission line model and the tower model are used to accurately describe the electrical behavior of the transmission and support structures of the power system under the action of lightning; and the lightning arrester model implements overvoltage protection for power equipment. Through the comprehensive application of models, the transient process of the power system when it is struck by lightning can be simulated more accurately, providing strong support for analyzing the lightning resistance performance of the power system, optimizing the configuration of lightning arresters, and improving the design of the power system.

[0091] This embodiment describes in detail the process of performing simulation operations using the lightning overvoltage simulation model in the above embodiment to obtain the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions. The specific implementation of this process includes the following steps:

[0092] Step b1: The lightning overvoltage simulation model responds to the user's simulation parameter setting operation and performs simulation calculations to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wave front time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning strike conditions.

[0093] Specifically, the lightning overvoltage simulation model is constructed based on a preset lightning current model (such as a bi-exponential waveform), a transmission line model (frequency-dependent model), a tower model (multi-wave impedance model), and an arrester model (composite jacket arrester structure). During the simulation, a lightning current source is injected into the transmission line model according to the specified waveform and amplitude. By solving mathematical models such as the transmission line's wave equation, the lightning current propagation process in the line is calculated, including the voltage and current distribution at different locations. When the lightning current propagates to the tower and arrester model, the potential rise on the tower, the voltage across the arrester, and the current through the arrester are calculated based on the tower's multi-wave impedance characteristics and the arrester's nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics. The model takes into account processes such as lightning current diversion, reflection, and refraction, ultimately determining the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, and absorbed energy of the arrester under different lightning strike conditions. The current front and tail times are also determined based on the current waveform.

[0094] Detailed electrical parameters of the arrester under different lightning strike conditions are obtained, including voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wavetail time. This provides data support for a comprehensive analysis of the arrester's performance. For example, the voltage amplitude and current amplitude can be used to understand the electrical stress the arrester experiences under lightning strikes. The absorbed energy reflects the energy consumed by the arrester during a lightning strike, and the current wavefront time and wavetail time reflect the impact of the lightning current's action time and attenuation characteristics on the arrester. By simulating actual lightning conditions, the operating state of the arrester under various possible lightning strike conditions can be predicted.

[0095] Step b2: determining the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wavetail time in the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions.

[0096] Specifically, the first internal lightning strike data can be used to analyze and assess the performance of the arrester and the lightning resistance level of the power system. This data reflects the operating status of the arrester in an actual lightning environment. By further processing and analyzing this data, we can understand the specific performance of the arrester in protecting the power system.

[0097] Taking the target area in the above steps as an example: when lightning strikes the base tower and the adjacent base tower respectively, the changes in the electrical stress and waveform parameters of the lightning arrester with the increase of lightning current amplitude are shown in Table 4 and Table 5.

[0098] surface Electrical stress and current waveform of the line arrester under the base tower under different lightning waveforms

[0099]

[0100] surface Electrical stress and current waveform of line arresters under adjacent towers under different lightning waveforms

[0101]

[0102] Simulation results show that as the lightning current amplitude increases, the electrical stress in the arrester increases slightly when different lightning waveforms strike the same or adjacent towers. The front and tail times of the arrester's impulse current waveform increase slowly with increasing lightning current amplitude, but the degree of change is small.

[0103] This embodiment describes in detail the process of performing simulation operations using the lightning overvoltage simulation model in the above embodiment to obtain the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions. The specific implementation of this process includes the following steps:

[0104] Step c1, performing simulation calculations by the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to the user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wave front time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0105] Specifically, when simulating lightning shielding failure conditions, the lightning overvoltage simulation model also simulates actual conditions based on its various built-in sub-models. This accurately captures the detailed electrical parameters of the arrester under lightning shielding failure conditions. For example, the voltage amplitude reflects the voltage surge intensity experienced by the arrester, the current amplitude reflects the current flowing through the arrester, the absorbed energy measures the energy dissipated by the arrester during a lightning shielding failure, and the current front and tail times help analyze the impact of the lightning current's duration and attenuation characteristics on the arrester.

[0106] Step c2: determining the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wavetail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure working conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure working conditions.

[0107] Specifically, the second internal lightning strike data helps to more comprehensively understand the behavior patterns of lightning arresters under different types of lightning faults, providing a richer data basis for subsequent in-depth analysis of the lightning resistance level of the power system and optimization of lightning arrester configuration.

[0108] The lightning overvoltage simulation model is used to simulate and execute the process of obtaining the second internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions, accurately simulating the working state of the lightning arrester during lightning shielding failure.

[0109] Taking the target area in the above steps as an example: when lightning strikes the base tower and the adjacent base tower respectively, the electrical stress and waveform parameters of the lightning arrester change with the lightning current amplitude as shown in Table 6 and Table 7.

[0110] surface Electrical stress and current waveform of the line arrester under the base tower under different lightning waveforms

[0111]

[0112] surface Electrical stress and current waveform of line arresters under adjacent towers under different lightning waveforms

[0113]

[0114] Simulation results show that as lightning current amplitude increases and different lightning waveforms strike the same or adjacent towers, the electrical stress in the arrester increases. At the same lightning current amplitude, the first return stroke waveform (1 / 200μs) in the standard waveform is shorter than the first return stroke waveform (5.63 / 77.5μs) in the measured waveform, and the subsequent return stroke waveform (0.25 / 100μs) in the single lightning stroke waveform (2.6 / 50μs) is shorter than the subsequent return stroke waveform (0.36 / 18μs) in the measured waveform. For longer-lasting lightning waves, the arrester remains in a discharge state for a longer period, absorbing more charge and energy. Compared to the back-strike waveform, the waveform parameters for the tower top are significantly higher.

[0115] This embodiment describes in detail the process of performing data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data in the above embodiment to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges. The first internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wavetail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions. The second internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wavetail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure working conditions.

[0116] Accordingly, data analysis and processing are performed based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges.

[0117] The specific implementation of this process includes the following steps:

[0118] Step c1, performing simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wavetail time in the arrester under different lightning strike conditions, to obtain a first wavefront time range and a first wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when a lightning strike strikes the tower where the arrester is located, and a second wavefront time range and a second wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when a lightning strike strikes the tower adjacent to the tower where the arrester is located.

[0119] Specifically, under lightning strike conditions, data such as the arrester's voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wavetail time were analyzed using simulation models, reflecting the changes in the arrester's electrical characteristics during a lightning strike. By analyzing a large amount of simulation data under different lightning strike conditions, the changing patterns of the current waveform in terms of wavefront time and wavetail time can be determined, accurately extracting the range of impulse current waveform parameters for the tower where the arrester is located and its adjacent towers under lightning strike conditions. Taking the target area mentioned above as an example: when lightning strikes the base tower, the waveform wavefront time of the impulse current in the line arrester ranges from 0.06-3.97μs, and the wavetail time ranges from 0.26-22.47μs; when lightning strikes the adjacent base tower, the wavefront time ranges from 0.06-0.1μs, and the wavetail time ranges from 0.2-0.62μs.

[0120] Step c2, performing simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wavetail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions, to obtain the third wavefront time range and the third wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning shielding failure occurs on the tower where the arrester is located, and the fourth wavefront time range and the fourth wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning shielding failure occurs on the tower adjacent to the tower where the arrester is located.

[0121] Specifically, because the current path and power system response characteristics during a lightning shielding failure differ from those during a lightning strike, simulations were used to accurately determine the waveform parameter ranges for the surge current on the arrester tower and its adjacent towers under lightning shielding failure conditions. Taking the target area described above as an example: when lightning strikes the base tower, the surge current waveform in the arrester ranges from 0.51μs to 2.21μs, with a tail time range of 9.39μs to 128.02μs. When lightning strikes the adjacent base tower, the surge current waveform in the arrester ranges from 3.45μs to 5.21μs, with a tail time range of 15.39μs to 202.62μs. By processing these parameters separately from those under lightning strike conditions, the impacts of different operating conditions can be more accurately compared.

[0122] Step c3: determining the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strike arrester is located on the tower according to the first wave front time range and the first wave tail time range.

[0123] Specifically, based on the first wave front time range and the first wave tail time range, when a lightning strike occurs, the current waveform at the tower where the arrester is located is directly affected. The first wave front time range reflects the initial short-term changes in the lightning current, which is closely related to the arrester's startup characteristics, such as trigger voltage and response time. By comprehensively analyzing these two time ranges, the impulse current waveform parameters at the tower where the arrester is located under these operating conditions can be determined.

[0124] Step c4: determining the impulse current waveform parameters of the tower adjacent to the tower where the lightning strike arrester is located based on the second wave front time range and the second wave tail time range.

[0125] Specifically, when lightning strikes an adjacent tower, the current waveform affects that tower through conduction and coupling within the power system. By analyzing the time range, the impulse current waveform parameters when lightning strikes the adjacent towers of the tower where the arrester is located are determined. By expanding from a single tower to adjacent towers, the study of impulse current waveform parameters in power systems under lightning strike conditions is refined, providing an important basis for comprehensively analyzing the complex behavior of power systems during lightning strikes.

[0126] Step c5: determining the impulse current waveform parameters of the lightning shielding arrester when the lightning shielding arrester is located on the tower according to the third wave front time range and the third wave tail time range.

[0127] Specifically, the impulse current waveform parameters of the tower where the arrester is located and its adjacent towers under lightning shielding conditions are clarified through analysis.

[0128] Step c6: determining the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shielding arrester is located at an adjacent tower according to the fourth wave front time range and the fourth wave tail time range.

[0129] Specifically, the fourth wave front time range refers to the current variation during a specific time period (the fourth wave front time period) as the surge current rises from zero to its maximum value (peak), reflecting characteristics such as the steepness of the current rise. The fourth wave tail time range covers the current variation during a specific time period (the fourth wave tail time period) as the surge current decays after reaching its peak, and is related to factors such as the current decay rate. By analyzing these two time ranges, the surge current waveform shape within this period can be determined.

[0130] This embodiment adjusts the lightning overvoltage simulation model in the above embodiment. The specific implementation of this process includes the following steps:

[0131] Step d1, obtaining discharge test data.

[0132] Specifically, by simulating lightning discharge processes in a laboratory or on-site, the electrical parameters of insulators, air gaps, and other related equipment can be measured under different conditions. For example, a high-voltage generator can be used to generate a high-voltage waveform similar to that of lightning, which is then applied to an insulator or air gap. The voltage, current, and environmental parameters (such as temperature and humidity) are then recorded to reveal the electrical characteristics of the insulator / air gap in an actual lightning environment.

[0133] Step d2: establishing a discharge test database based on the discharge test data, wherein the discharge test database includes insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time, wave tail time and breakdown time.

[0134] Specifically, a discharge test database can be built based on MySQL with the test information table as the main table, including the test name and test time, while recording the test condition number, test result number and test waveform number; using the discharge test results such as volt-second characteristics and discharge images, a test result table is established; at the same time, the test waveform and the parameters of the voltage waveform actually suffered by the project, including data such as the wave head and wave tail time, are used to obtain the test waveform parameter table.

[0135] Each table in the discharge test database uses an ID as the primary key to ensure data independence and avoid duplication. The test information table serves as the primary table and is linked to other sub-tables via foreign keys to ensure structural relationships between the tables. Test conditions, long-gap parameters, and test results are all linked to the primary table via the Object_id key, while test waveforms are kept consistent with the primary table via the Waveform_id foreign key. Foreign keys in the primary table link and constrain other sub-tables, ensuring data consistency and integrity across both tables and improving query efficiency.

[0136] In step d3, the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time, and wave tail time in the discharge test database are used as input variables, and the breakdown time is used as the output variable to train the preset machine learning model and obtain the target model parameters.

[0137] Specifically, a BP neural network machine learning algorithm uses variables from the database, such as insulator / air gap length, U50%, temperature, humidity, wave front time, and wave tail time, as input variables, and breakdown time as the output variable. 90% of the data is used for model training, and the remaining 10% is used as the prediction set. The tansig function is used as the network training function and as the activation function for the hidden and output layers. The network model is iteratively trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt method.

[0138] Step d4: adjusting the lightning overvoltage simulation model using the target model parameters to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0139] Specifically, the lightning flashover criterion is based on the breakdown of insulators and arresters after receiving a lightning current shock. Using a machine learning algorithm based on a BP neural network, factors influencing lightning flashover can be eliminated to obtain lightning flashover criteria for more situations that cannot be directly determined through testing. This provides data support for inputting parameters to the lightning overvoltage simulation model and initiating simulations.

[0140] Figure 3 Provided in the embodiments of this application

[0141] In addition to the lightning current waveform parameters, the lightning shielding and counter-strike, and the lightning strike location will affect the surge current of the line arrester. Figure 3 Give an example, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, there are 7 towers in total, of which the line lightning arrester is only installed on the 4# tower. Different lightning waveforms are used to respectively strike back and strike back the conductor section of the 4# tower with the lightning arrester installed and the conductor section of the 5# tower without the lightning arrester installed. The influence of lightning waveform parameters and lightning strike position on the electrical stress and impulse current waveform of the line lightning arrester is compared and analyzed. Through comparative analysis of the data obtained by simulation, it can be concluded that the farther away from the 4# tower, the smaller the electrical stress of the line lightning arrester on the 4# tower and the smaller the impulse current waveform / μs.

[0142] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for generating impulse current waveform parameters provided by this application. Figure 4 As shown, the impulse current waveform parameter generating device 40 includes: an acquisition module 401, a model building module 402, a simulation module 403, and a data analysis module 404.

[0143] An acquisition module 401 is used to acquire historical lightning stroke parameters;

[0144] A model building module 402 is used to build a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on historical lightning parameters and preset topology data;

[0145] A simulation module 403 is configured to perform a simulation operation using a lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back conditions;

[0146] The simulation module 403 is further configured to perform a simulation operation using a lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions;

[0147] The data analysis module 404 is used to perform data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, where one lightning arrester current waveform parameter range corresponds to a lightning strike back condition or a lightning shielding failure condition.

[0148] In one possible implementation, the model building module 402 is specifically used to: select a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and a lightning arrester model in the model library of the preset simulation software in sequence according to historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; and construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software according to the lightning current model, the transmission line model, the tower model, and the lightning arrester model.

[0149] In one possible implementation, the simulation module 403 is specifically used to: perform simulation calculations through a lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning strike conditions; and determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning strike conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning strike conditions.

[0150] In one possible implementation, the simulation module 403 is further specifically used to: perform simulation calculations through a lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning strike conditions; and determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0151] In one possible embodiment, the data analysis module 404 is specifically used to: perform simulation data analysis and processing according to the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wavetail time in the arrester under different lightning strike conditions, and obtain the first wavefront time range and the first wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning strikes the tower where the arrester is located, and the second wavefront time range and the second wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning strikes the tower adjacent to the tower where the arrester is located; perform simulation data analysis and processing according to the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wavetail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding conditions, and obtain the third wavefront time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning shielding strikes the tower where the arrester is located. time range, the third wave tail time range, and the fourth wave front time range and the fourth wave tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located is adjacent to the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located; according to the first wave front time range and the first wave tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located; according to the second wave front time range and the second wave tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located is adjacent to the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located; according to the third wave front time range and the third wave tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shielding arrester is located; according to the fourth wave front time range and the fourth wave tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located is adjacent to the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located.

[0152] In one possible implementation, the model building module 402 is specifically used to: the lightning current model uses a double exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform; the transmission line model uses a frequency-dependent model; the tower model uses a multi-wave impedance model; the lightning arrester model uses a composite jacket lightning arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor, and the motor installed on the outside of the conductor and the side of the lightning arrester body constitutes a series gap.

[0153] In one possible embodiment, the model building module 402 is further specifically used to: obtain discharge test data; establish a discharge test database based on the discharge test data, wherein the discharge test database includes insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time, wave tail time, and breakdown time; use the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time, wave tail time, and breakdown time in the discharge test database as input variables and the breakdown time as the output variable to train a preset machine learning model to obtain target model parameters; and use the target model parameters to adjust the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0154] The impulse current waveform parameter generating device provided in this embodiment can be used to execute the above-mentioned impulse current waveform parameter generating method. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0155] Figure 5 The hardware structure diagram of the electronic device provided in this application is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 50 includes: at least one processor 501 and a memory 502. Optionally, the electronic device 50 further includes a communication component 503. The processor 501, the memory 502 and the communication component 503 are connected via a bus 504.

[0156] In a specific implementation process, at least one processor 501 executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 502, so that the at least one processor 501 performs the above method.

[0157] The specific implementation process of the processor 501 can be found in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar and will not be repeated here in this embodiment.

[0158] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the present invention may be directly executed by a hardware processor or by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0159] The memory may include a high-speed memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) and may also include a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage.

[0160] A bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, and control buses. For ease of presentation, the buses in the drawings of this application are not limited to just one bus or just one type of bus.

[0161] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0162] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When a processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the above method is implemented.

[0163] The readable storage medium may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile memory device, or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0164] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist in a device as discrete components.

[0165] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; actual implementations may employ alternative divisions, such as combining or integrating multiple units or components into another system, or omitting or disabling certain features. Furthermore, any direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, either through an interface, electrical, mechanical, or other means.

[0166] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0167] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0168] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the method of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0169] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented using hardware associated with program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0170] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily identify other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited solely by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for generating impulse current waveform parameters, characterized in that: include: Obtaining historical lightning strike parameters; the historical lightning strike parameters are determined based on original lightning data summarized by the lightning location system, line lightning parameters summarized by artificial lightning induction tests, and engineering standards; Select the lightning current model, transmission line model, tower model and arrester model in the model library of the preset simulation software in turn; Integrate and connect the lightning current model, transmission line model, tower model and arrester model according to the actual circuit system topology structure; According to the historical lightning parameters and the parameters of the power system, parameters of the integrated and connected models are set to construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software; Performing simulation operations using the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions; The different lightning strike back working conditions include: the tower where the lightning strike back arrester is located and the tower adjacent to the tower where the lightning strike back arrester is located; Performing simulation operations using the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; the different lightning shielding failure conditions include: a tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located and an adjacent tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located; Data analysis and processing are performed based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, wherein one lightning arrester current waveform parameter range corresponds to a lightning strike back working condition or a lightning shielding failure working condition.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing of the simulation operation by the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions includes: The lightning overvoltage simulation model performs simulation calculations in response to the user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wave front time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions; The voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the arrester under the different lightning strike back working conditions are determined as the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under the different lightning strike back working conditions.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing of the simulation operation by the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions includes: The lightning overvoltage simulation model performs simulation calculations in response to the user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wave front time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; The voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wavetail time in the arrester under the different lightning shielding failure working conditions are determined as the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under the different lightning shielding failure working conditions.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions, and the second internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure working conditions; Accordingly, the data analysis and processing is performed based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, including: Simulation data analysis and processing are performed based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wavetail time in the arrester under the different lightning strike back working conditions to obtain a first wavefront time range and a first wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning strikes the arrester on the tower where the lightning strike is located, and a second wavefront time range and a second wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning strikes the arrester on the tower adjacent to the tower where the lightning strike is located; Simulation data analysis and processing are performed based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wavetail time in the arrester under the different lightning shielding failure conditions, to obtain a third wavefront time range and a third wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning shielding failure occurs on the tower where the arrester is located, and a fourth wavefront time range and a fourth wavetail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning shielding failure occurs on an adjacent tower to the tower where the arrester is located; Determining impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strike arrester is located on the tower according to the first wave front time range and the first wave tail time range; Determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strike arrester is located at an adjacent tower according to the second wave front time range and the second wave tail time range; Determine the impulse current waveform parameters of the lightning shielding arrester when the lightning shielding arrester is located on the tower according to the third wave front time range and the third wave tail time range; According to the fourth wave front time range and the fourth wave tail time range, the impulse current waveform parameters when the tower adjacent to the tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located are determined.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The lightning current model uses a double exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform; the transmission line model uses a frequency-dependent model; the tower model uses a multi-wave impedance model; the lightning arrester model uses a composite jacket lightning arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor, and the motor installed on the outside of the conductor and the side of the lightning arrester body forms a series gap.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Also includes: Obtain discharge test data; Establishing a discharge test database based on the discharge test data, wherein the discharge test database includes insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time, wave tail time and breakdown time; The insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wave front time and wave tail time in the discharge test database are used as input variables, and the breakdown time is used as the output variable to train the preset machine learning model to obtain target model parameters; The target model parameters are used to adjust the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

7. A device for generating impulse current waveform parameters, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to obtain historical lightning strike parameters; the historical lightning strike parameters are determined based on the original lightning data summarized by the lightning location system, the line lightning parameters summarized by the artificial lightning induction test, and engineering standards; A model building module is used to sequentially select a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and a lightning arrester model from a model library of a preset simulation software; and integrate and connect the lightning current model, the transmission line model, the tower model, and the lightning arrester model according to the actual circuit system topology structure; According to the historical lightning parameters and the parameters of the power system, parameters of the integrated and connected models are set to construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software; A simulation module, configured to perform a simulation operation using the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning strike back working conditions; The different lightning strike back working conditions include: the tower where the lightning strike back arrester is located and the tower adjacent to the tower where the lightning strike back arrester is located; The simulation module is further configured to perform a simulation operation using the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; the different lightning shielding failure conditions include: a tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located and an adjacent tower where the lightning shielding arrester is located; A data analysis module is used to perform data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, where one lightning arrester current waveform parameter range corresponds to a lightning strike back working condition or a lightning shielding failure working condition.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by a processor.

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