Electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self-power-generation function

Abstract

The invention belongs to a new energy power generation technology and an energy-saving and environment-friendly technology in the field of renewable energy sources, and particularly relates to a power generation technical scheme of an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with a self-power-generation function. According to the invention, a ferroelectric characteristic is generated between the two graphite electrodes through electrolyte, and on the premise of autonomously absorbing environmental heat energy, electrolyte polar molecules of the graphite electrodes generate a self-generating polarization characteristic, so that the aim of directly converting environmental low-value energy into electric energy is fulfilled. The product is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost, does not generate adverse effects on the environment in the production process, the use process and the later updating and iteration process, and is suitable for large-scale production and use.

Description

Technical Field:

[0001] The present invention belongs to the energy conservation and environmental protection technologies in the fields of new energy power generation technology and renewable energy, and particularly relates to an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with a self-generated electricity function. Background Art:

[0002] With the continuous progress of technology and the increasing demand for electric energy, battery and power generation technologies, as important components in the energy field, the improvement and innovation of their performance are of great significance for promoting the development of related industries. However, the existing battery technologies and power generation methods have certain limitations in their dependence on limited resources and the environment, and it is difficult to meet the growing and unlimited demand for electric energy in modern society. At the same time, the existing power generation methods all have various limitations in different usage scenarios and cause different degrees of environmental pollution. The power generation cost also has various limitations. Therefore, the pursuit of cheap and environmentally friendly renewable electric energy has been a long-term dream of people.

[0003] Environmental heat energy is a widely existing low-grade energy, and this huge energy "inventory" that can be obtained at will has not been effectively utilized so far. Once this energy that is both cost-free, pollution-free, and has a huge reserve is widely used, it will bring a profound change to the entire social energy field and even other related fields.

[0004] The core of the present invention is to avoid all existing traditional power generation methods and adopt a brand-new technical solution. It uniquely utilizes the performance characteristics of ferroelectrics, that is, spontaneous polarization, to directly convert environmental heat energy into electrical energy. This original technical solution will open up new ways for existing power generation technologies, and its theoretical research value and practical value are inestimable.

[0005] The present invention provides an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with a self-charging function and ferroelectric characteristics. Through specific electrode and diaphragm designs, the battery forms a natural ferroelectric property function, realizing the function of autonomously absorbing environmental heat energy and converting it into electrical energy. At the same time, this battery has a simple structure, low cost, is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and is easy to achieve large-scale production, which will bring new breakthroughs and opportunities for the development of battery technologies. Summary of the Invention:

[0006] The present invention relates to an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with a self-charging function. This battery combines the special properties of ferroelectrics with the stable properties of electrolyte graphite electrodes. By using this characteristic, the battery can be autonomously polarized under general normal temperature and pressure conditions, thereby achieving the functions of self-generated electricity and self-charging, while maintaining the characteristics of a simple structure, low cost, and environmental friendliness and pollution-free.

[0007] This is a new type of battery technology, specifically, it is the structural composition of an electrolyte graphite electrode battery that can utilize ambient thermal energy to generate electricity autonomously and store the generated electricity inside the battery.

[0008] The present invention provides an electrolyte graphite electrode battery that generates electricity by itself using ambient thermal energy. The core lies in the combination of ambient thermal energy with specific electrolytes and graphite electrodes to achieve self-generated electricity and energy storage.

[0009] The battery of the present invention includes an electrolyte, graphite electrodes, and a ferroelectric property function formed through a specific structural design. Among them, the ferroelectric property is not directly formed by an independent material, but is achieved through the structural design of the battery body.

[0010] The present invention relates to the structure of an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with the function of self-generated electricity charging and inherent ferroelectric characteristics. For all current power generation methods, it breaks new ground and develops an environmentally friendly and low-cost power generation technology path. The aim is to provide a battery that can generate electricity and charge itself independently, improve the charging efficiency and energy storage capacity. This power generation technology provides an effective way for the large-scale and low-cost use of electric energy in the future. The self-generated electricity battery project of the present invention forms a battery with ferroelectric characteristics spontaneously through the difference in the immersion depth of the two graphite electrodes in the electrolyte and the electrode spacer membrane, and through the spontaneous polarization of the ferroelectric characteristics, a potential difference is automatically formed between the two graphite electrodes, and no chemical reaction occurs during the energy conversion process. It is purely due to the inherent physical characteristics of the ferroelectric body and the function of spontaneous polarization, so as to achieve the purpose of converting environmental energy into electric energy.

[0011] To increase the capacity of the battery, the negative and positive graphite electrodes usually adopt granular or spongy graphite electrodes. Project advantages:

[0012] No need for personnel management: Once the battery product is installed and put into use, it does not require any other supplies and does not require any special maintenance in the natural environment. Under normal circumstances without any special accidents, even without the support of AI intelligence, it can achieve the purpose of completely eliminating the need for professional personnel for daily management.

[0013] Automatic electric energy storage: The electric energy generated by this battery product can not only be used immediately after generation, but also, when the electric energy is not in use, through its own structure, it can achieve self-generated electricity and self-energy storage for subsequent use.

[0014] Permanent use without loss: In the battery system, there is no physical consumption during the charge and discharge process between the electrodes and the electrolyte. Only by using external environmental energy as the driving force to repeatedly polarize the electrodes can permanent use without loss be achieved.

[0015] Self-charging function: A battery with ferroelectric properties undergoes natural electrode polarization under ambient heat, generating an electric potential. This electric potential is transmitted through the electrolyte and graphite electrode to the output terminal of the battery for discharging, realizing the self-charging function of the battery.

[0016] No external energy resources required: As a fixed power source, it can be installed in most human living environments, especially in areas severely lacking in electric power resources, which shows its superiority, improving the flexibility and convenience of battery use and having a wide range of application scenarios.

[0017] Long cycle life: The battery has a stable structure and a long cycle life, capable of meeting the requirements of long-term stable operation.

[0018] Low cost: It can be normally charged and discharged at room temperature without the need for an external heat source. The product has a simple structure and is made entirely of inexpensive ordinary materials and chemical raw materials, with a low manufacturing cost. The experiments are sufficient and the technology is mature, making it easy to achieve large-scale production and promotion.

[0019] Multi-functional characteristics: This battery is also a supercapacitor battery and can also be used as an active power source for charging and energy storage.

[0020] Environmental protection and energy conservation: The electrolyte is prepared with ordinary water-soluble electrolytes that are non-polluting to the environment, ensuring that the battery is completely harmless to the environment during use, renewal, elimination, and waste recycling. Its core materials can also be recycled without loss. During use, there is no need for external energy input from other resources, and it uses the widely existing ambient heat energy to generate electricity autonomously. The auxiliary materials are also completely made of environmentally friendly materials, eliminating environmental pollution, and the power production is silent and consumes no energy.

[0021] Wide applicability: The product of this project utilizes the ambient heat energy at normal temperature and pressure in the surrounding environment of people, which belongs to low-value energy. Therefore, the energy density of a single battery product is not high. However, due to the low manufacturing cost, simple structure, and mature technology of this product, it can still meet people's necessary electricity needs through large-scale installation and use, and is fully applicable to many fixed-condition electricity usage scenarios in people's daily life, work, study, and entertainment, especially suitable for remote areas lacking in electric power resources. Working principle:

[0022] Autonomous absorption of ambient thermal energy: As is well known, it is impossible to generate a potential difference between two identical inert electrodes in an inert electrolyte. However, by bringing an electrolyte with a polar molecular structure into contact with the inert electrodes, a natural electrode polarization phenomenon is formed between the electrolyte with a polar molecular structure and the inert electrodes under the action of ambient heat. As a result, a net charge accumulates on one inert electrode, and a potential difference is formed through another inert electrode at an asymmetric position in the electrolyte. Thus, the ambient thermal energy can be automatically absorbed, and through the graphite electrodes and the electrolyte itself as carriers, this low-value energy is combined with the self-electrode polarization characteristics of the ferroelectric body to form the function of converting ambient energy into electric potential energy.

[0023] Autonomous power generation: In an electrolyte solution, graphite electrodes can achieve self-polarization solely through a system with ferroelectric properties without any chemical reactions. That is, the polar molecules of the electrolyte with ferroelectric characteristics achieve directional electrode polarization under the action of ambient thermal energy, and an electromotive force is generated at both ends of two graphite electrodes at asymmetric positions in the electrolyte. When the external circuit is connected, it discharges autonomously, thus achieving the purpose of electric energy conversion.

[0024] Electric energy storage: The electric energy autonomously generated by the battery can also be automatically stored in the battery through the internal structure of the battery itself. Because this battery itself has a certain energy storage function, in the case of no energy consumption in the external circuit, the generated electric energy is directly stored in the battery itself for subsequent use.

[0025] Lossless and permanent use: In the battery system, its electrodes and electrolyte have no tangible or intangible consumption during the charge and discharge process. It only uses the external environmental energy as the driving force to repeatedly electrode polarize, achieving lossless and permanent use. Description of the drawings:

[0026] In the drawings of the specification, Figure 1 — Figure 4 It shows the working principle of an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with the function of self-power generation. The upper and lower ends are positive and negative graphite electrodes respectively, that is, schematic diagrams of the upper graphite electrode and the lower graphite electrode, showing the different positions of the two electrodes in the electrolyte, thus determining the polarization direction of the polar molecules. What is shown between the positive and negative graphite electrodes is a schematic diagram of electrolyte molecules (or atomic groups). These molecules (or atomic groups) are molecules (or atomic groups) that can generate polarization phenomena under the action of ambient heat.

[0027] Figure 1 As shown: In an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with the function of self-power generation, in its initial stage, the system is in a state that has not been polarized by ambient energy. At this time, the potential difference between the two ends of the battery is zero, the external circuit of the battery is also in an open state, there is no electric energy exchange with the outside, and the current in the external circuit is zero.

[0028] Figure 2 As shown in the figure: when the external circuit of the battery remains open, with the accumulation of time, under the action of environmental thermal energy, the electrolyte molecules (or atomic groups) in the battery system gradually form an electrode polarization phenomenon. Due to the difference in the upper and lower positions of the positive and negative graphite electrodes in the electrolyte, the electrolyte molecules (or atomic groups) generate a directional polarization phenomenon, thus gradually showing a potential difference between the positive and negative graphite electrodes. When the polarization intensity reaches a certain level, the potential difference reaches a maximum value (determined by the environmental temperature) and then no longer increases. At this time, the environmental thermal energy and the polarization electric potential energy of the molecular group act against each other. When reaching an equilibrium state, the potential difference at both ends of the battery also reaches a relatively stable state of equilibrium. At this time, it is equivalent to the battery being "filled" with electrical energy under the action of environmental heat.

[0029] Figure 3 As shown in the figure: for the battery filled with electrical energy by environmental heat, when the external circuit is closed and it does work on the external circuit, the electrical energy stored in the battery is gradually released.

[0030] Figure 4 As shown in the figure: it is the energy state of the battery after the energy is released. For the battery system whose energy is released, the polarization intensity of its electrolyte molecules (atomic groups) decreases, thus the potential difference of the external circuit drops, and the energy state of the battery system returns to Figure 1 its energy state. Under the action of environmental heat, the electrolyte molecules (atomic groups) continue to absorb environmental energy, causing the electrolyte molecules (atomic groups) to reorient and polarize again, accumulate energy, and form a repeated charging cycle, so as to achieve the purpose of continuously and automatically converting environmental energy into electrical energy.

[0031] Figure 5 As shown in the figure: it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self - generating electricity battery with ferroelectric effect properties. In the monomer structure of the self - generating electricity battery, the graphite positive electrode and the graphite negative electrode are very chemically stable under normal temperature and pressure. Relative to the electrolyte penetration position in the battery body, there are an upper graphite electrode and a lower graphite electrode. It is this upper - lower electrode structure that determines the self - polarization direction of the ferroelectric body of the self - generating electricity battery and is also the key to the self - generating electricity of the self - generating electricity battery. Among them Figure 5 —1 is the outer shell of the battery monomer, including the upper cover and the chassis, made of PVC or PE material; Figure 5 —2 is the graphite positive electrode, which is also the upper graphite electrode; Figure 5 —3 is the graphite negative electrode, which is also the lower graphite electrode; Figure 5 —4 is the electrolyte, Figure 5 —5 is the battery separator, Figure 5 —6 are the two battery output terminals, namely the positive electrode output terminal and the negative electrode output terminal.

[0032] Figure 6Shown: A physical photo of a single cell of an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self - generating electricity function. The output voltage u of this experimental sample is 0.5 volts, and its outer shell uses a commonly used PE plastic storage box in the market.

[0033] Figure 7 Shown: A physical photo of a battery pack of an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self - generating electricity function. This is a battery combination with certain practical functions formed by connecting multiple experimental sample single cells in series. Specific implementation method:

[0034] Electrode design: Use two corresponding groups of graphite electrodes, the negative electrode and the positive electrode, to form an upper - lower difference in the electrolyte, so that the two groups of electrodes have different immersion depths in the electrolyte. Then, due to the different depth differences between the two groups of graphite electrodes (negative and positive) in the electrolyte, a polarization difference of polar molecules of the electrolyte is formed, thus determining the polarization direction of the battery and the positive - negative direction of the battery output. Generally, the two groups of graphite are designed into an upper - lower parallel structure, forming a lower electrode and an upper electrode. The lower electrode is completely immersed in the electrolyte to form the battery negative electrode, and the upper electrode is placed parallel to the lower electrode, with a part exposed outside the electrolyte to form the battery positive electrode. And a separator is used to separate the upper and lower electrodes. When selecting the graphite negative and positive electrodes, general granular graphite or porous graphite electrodes can be used to increase the capacitance of the battery. Inert electrodes are used to lead out the positive and negative graphite electrodes outside the battery shell to form output terminals and connect them to the external circuit.

[0035] Separator material: An organic paste or porous fabric separator is embedded between the graphite cathode and anode. This separator can be made of ordinary organic materials, porous fabrics, or other membrane materials that can allow the movement of free ions, and it plays a role in isolating the cathode and anode electrodes to prevent the battery from short - circuiting.

[0036] Formation of ferroelectric properties: Through the above - mentioned electrode and separator designs, in the battery body, the relevant ionic functional groups in the electrolyte adsorb and penetrate on the surface of the graphite electrode, forming natural ferroelectric properties. This structure with ferroelectric properties enables the battery to have the characteristic of self - polarization under the action of environmental heat. Due to the different immersion depths of the cathode and anode in the electrolyte, the polarization intensities are different, thus forming a polarization intensity difference between the two electrodes, and a potential difference is reflected on the output terminals of the external electrodes. Thus, environmental energy is naturally converted into electrical energy.

[0037] Outer shell material: The battery outer shell uses a general PE or PVC plastic box body, which is used for loading with low cost and easy processing.

[0038] Electrolyte: The electrolyte is prepared with a water - soluble ordinary electrolyte that is pollution - free to the environment, which not only reduces the manufacturing cost of the battery but also ensures that the battery is harmless and pollution - free to the environment during use and disposal. Features:

[0039] Since the energy utilized in this technical solution is low-grade ambient heat energy, although it is environmentally friendly and energy-saving, its energy density is relatively low and the single unit power is not very large. To be applied in practice, large-scale installation must be carried out in order to obtain practical electric power energy. However, since the manufacturing cost and raw material cost of the products of this technical solution are very low and the technology is also very mature, it is completely feasible to form a stable fixed power source through large-scale manufacturing and installation.

Claims

1. An electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self - generating electricity function, comprising a pair of graphite electrodes, namely a graphite negative electrode and a graphite positive electrode, an electrolyte, a separator, a pair of output terminals, a battery housing and other components which constitute the basic elements of a single - cell battery. A battery pack is formed by connecting several single - cell batteries in parallel, in series or in a parallel - series hybrid connection to meet the actual power consumption requirements of a certain capacity and output power. It should be emphasized that the "battery" referred to in this claim is: an electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self - generating electricity function.

2. For the electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self - generating electricity function according to claim 1, the electrolyte can be either a liquid electrolyte, a semi - solid electrolyte, or a combination of both, i.e., having both a liquid electrolyte and a semi - solid electrolyte, which is used to provide polar molecules with ferroelectric characteristics formed by interacting with the graphite electrodes and to provide the function of ionic conduction inside the battery.

3. The electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self-power generation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separator is made of ordinary porous fabric or other membrane materials that can allow conductive ions to move freely. It is placed between the graphite negative electrode and the graphite positive electrode to form a layer between them, used to separate the graphite negative electrode and the graphite positive electrode and prevent direct contact between the two electrodes, thus avoiding internal short - circuit of the battery.

4. The electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self-powered function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pair of lead - out electrodes, that is, the power output terminals of the battery, can be made of either graphite electrode material or other inert electrode materials. They are respectively connected to the graphite negative electrode and the graphite positive electrode inside the battery, and the other ends pass through the battery housing to form output terminals outside the housing, used to connect to an external circuit and output the electrical energy generated and stored inside the battery.

5. The electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self - generating electricity function according to claim 1, wherein: The graphite negative electrode and the graphite positive electrode in the pair of graphite electrodes are placed parallel to each other and isolated by a separator in a battery container. The graphite electrode placed in the lower layer is the battery negative electrode, and the battery negative electrode is completely immersed in the electrolyte. The graphite electrode placed in the upper layer is the battery positive electrode, with a part of the battery positive electrode immersed in the electrolyte and the other part just exposed outside the electrolyte. It is this structural feature that determines the polarization direction of the ferroelectric characteristics of the battery and the "flow" direction of the output current of the battery.

6. The electrolyte graphite electrode battery with self-powered function according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery housing, as the carrier container of the battery, is made of an insulating material with a certain strength and stable chemical properties, such as various plastics (such as PE, PVC, etc.) and ceramic materials. Its external shape structure can be designed into different shapes according to various usage scenarios, such as a cuboid, a cube, a cylinder, etc. Generally, a cuboid box - type is more convenient.

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