Tightly-arranged Z-type self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave communication, and particularly relates to a closely-arranged Z-type self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna. Signals are coupled to top-layer high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonators through rectangular grooves, TM11 modes of the dielectric resonators are excited, the two top-layer high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonators are arranged back to back, the rectangular grooves are located under the dielectric resonators, and the dielectric resonators are transformed into Z types. The dielectric resonator antenna array is closely arranged and has a good isolation improvement effect, and the antenna has the advantages of low ECC, directional diagram recovery and the like. According to the invention, the TM11 mode of the top-layer high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator is excited by using microstrip slot coupling feeding, the dielectric resonator antenna is tightly arranged, and compared with a traditional dielectric resonator antenna, the dielectric resonator antenna has the characteristics of low ECC, high isolation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microwave communication, and particularly relates to a closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional metal patch antennas, dielectric resonator antennas have the advantages of low loss, high Q value, and high design freedom. When multiple dielectric resonator antennas form a multi-element antenna array, the channel capacity and transmission reliability can be improved. However, in order to save space resources, when dielectric resonator antennas are closely arranged, the mutual interference between antennas will have a certain impact on the antennas, including deteriorated matching, deformed radiation patterns, and reduced radiation performance. Therefore, it is of certain value to study a closely arranged dielectric resonator antenna with decoupling characteristics.

[0003] There are mainly three existing types of dielectric resonator decoupling antennas. The first is the blocking method, which realizes decoupling by adding structures such as metamaterials between two dielectric resonators to interfere with the propagation of surface waves. However, this method undoubtedly increases the design cost and complexity. The second is by adding additional structures, such as adding metal structures in the dielectric or adding dielectric structures on the upper layer of the dielectric. This method will increase the cost and complexity of the unit. The third is self-decoupling. As the name implies, this decoupling method does not require adding additional structures and relies on its own mode and other characteristics to achieve a good decoupling effect. Most of the dielectric resonator decoupling antennas using the above three methods operate in the range of 0.35 - 0.5λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 4.95 GHz). Therefore, it is necessary to design a more closely arranged self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna.

[0004] Most of the reported dielectric resonator decoupling antennas cannot be applied to closely arranged dielectric resonator antennas. In addition, some antennas have the disadvantages of high design complexity, high cost, and increased loss. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna, which realizes characteristics such as radiation pattern decoupling and isolation improvement by transforming the dielectric into a Z-shaped structure. The present invention mainly solves problems such as structural complexity, size increase, and loss increase, and realizes a closely arranged self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna without external structures or circuits.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve the above invention objectives are as follows:

[0007] A closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna, comprising a top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure, an upper low-dielectric-constant substrate layer, an intermediate metal layer structure, a lower low-dielectric-constant substrate layer, and a bottom feeder structure, which are stacked from top to bottom; two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures are arranged in an array above the upper low-dielectric-constant substrate layer, and the distance between the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures is 0.26λ0. The top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure includes a first resonator cutting part and a second resonator cutting part; two parallel rectangular slots are etched in the intermediate metal layer structure; the two rectangular slots are respectively arranged directly below the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures; two bottom feeder structures are arranged below the lower low-dielectric-constant substrate layer; when the antenna works, the signal is fed in through the microstrip feeder corresponding to the bottom feeder structure, and the signal is coupled to the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure through the rectangular slot and two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures are excited to generate TM 11 mode.

[0008] Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the length of the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure is 0.23λ0 - 0.25λ0, the width is 0.164λ0 - 0.166λ0, and the height is 0.140λ0 - 0.142λ0; the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure is made of ceramic, the dielectric constant is 89.5, and the loss angle is 0.0006.

[0009] Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the distance between the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures is 0.26λ0.

[0010] Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the size of the first resonator cutting part is 0.08λ0 × 0.165λ0 × 0.017λ0; the size of the second resonator cutting part is 0.124λ0 × 0.165λ0 × 0.018λ0.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention has the following technical effects by adopting the above technical solutions:

[0012] (1) The present invention uses microstrip slot coupling feeding to excite the TM 11 mode of the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator, and arranges the dielectric resonator antennas closely. Compared with the traditional dielectric resonator antenna, it has the characteristics of low ECC and high isolation.

[0013] (2) The present invention couples the signal to the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator through the rectangular slot, and generates TM of the dielectric resonator by excitation 11Module, two top-layer high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonators are arranged back-to-back, a rectangular slot is located directly below the dielectric resonator, the dielectric resonator is transformed into a Z shape, so that the dielectric resonator antenna array has a good isolation improvement effect while being closely arranged. At the same time, the antenna has advantages such as low ECC and pattern recovery.

[0014] (3) Compared with the existing decoupled dielectric resonator antenna, the present invention has advantages such as simple decoupling method and being applicable to close arrangement. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the middle metal layer of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the bottom-layer feeder of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the upper-layer low-dielectric-constant substrate layer of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the S parameters of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the gain of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is the simulated radiation pattern in the E-plane of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention at 4.95 GHz;

[0022] Figure 8 It is the simulated radiation pattern in the H-plane of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention at 4.95 GHz;

[0023] Figure 9 It is the ECC diagram of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] In the drawings, 1 - top-layer high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure; 2 - upper-layer low-dielectric-constant substrate layer; 3 - rectangular slot; 4 - middle metal layer structure; 5 - bottom-layer feeder structure; 6 - lower-layer low-dielectric-constant substrate layer; 7 - first resonator cutting part; 8 - second resonator cutting part. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] The following will describe the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings for further explanation, so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention more deeply and be able to implement it. However, the following is only for explaining the present invention by referring to examples and is not a limitation of the present invention.

[0026] AsFigures 1-4 As shown in the figure, a closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna includes a top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure 1, an upper low-dielectric-constant substrate layer 2, an intermediate metal layer structure 4, a lower low-dielectric-constant substrate layer 6, and a bottom feeder structure 5 that are stacked from top to bottom; two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures 1 are arranged in an array above the upper low-dielectric-constant substrate layer 2, and the distance between the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures 1 is 0.26λ0. The top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure 1 includes a first resonator cutting part 7 and a second resonator cutting part 8; two parallel rectangular slots 3 are etched on the intermediate metal layer structure 4; the two rectangular slots 3 are respectively arranged directly below the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures 1; two bottom feeder structures 5 are arranged below the lower low-dielectric-constant substrate layer 6; when the antenna works, the signal is fed in through the microstrip feeder corresponding to the bottom feeder structure 5, and the signal is coupled to the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure 1 through the rectangular slot 3 and excites the TM 11 mode.

[0027] The length of the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure 1 is 0.23λ0 to 0.25λ0, the width is 0.164λ0 to 0.166λ0, and the height is 0.140λ0 to 0.142λ0; the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure 1 is made of ceramic, with a dielectric constant of 89.5 and a loss angle of 0.0006. The distance between the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures 1 is 0.26λ0.

[0028] The size of the first resonator cutting part 7 is 0.08λ0×0.165λ0×0.017λ0; the size of the second resonator cutting part 8 is 0.124λ0×0.165λ0×0.018λ0. By transforming the dielectric resonator into a Z shape, the initial phase of the antenna is changed, thereby improving the isolation between the antennas.

[0029] The signal is fed in through the microstrip feeder corresponding to the bottom feeder structure 5, and the signal is coupled to the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure 1 through the rectangular slot 3. Transforming the dielectric resonator into a Z-shaped structure introduces a mutual coupling zero point in the band, resulting in good isolation improvement; by transforming the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure 1 into a Z shape, the coupling between the antenna and the metal ground is changed, and combined with the path effect, the initial phase of the antenna is changed, realizing the isolation improvement between the antenna arrays.

[0030] The present invention uses microstrip slot coupling feeding to excite the TM of the upper Z-shaped dielectric resonator 11The mold closely arranges the dielectric resonator antennas. Compared with traditional dielectric resonator antennas, it has characteristics such as low ECC and high isolation. The arrangement method of the antenna array is that the parts of the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures 1 close to the substrate are closely arranged together, and the center spacing of the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures 1 is 0.26λ0 (λ0 is the air wavelength of the antenna at 4.95 GHz).

[0031] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the S parameters of the antenna; the 10dB impedance matching bandwidth of this embodiment is 2.02% (4.90 GHz - 5.00 GHz), and the in-band isolation is increased from 10.46 dB to 30.8 dB.

[0032] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the gain of the antenna; the maximum gain within the working frequency band is restored from 2.12 dBi to 4.73 dBi.

[0033] Figure 7 And Figure 8 They are the simulated radiation patterns of the E / H planes of the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention at 4.95 GHz respectively; it can be seen that there is an obvious restoration of the E-plane pattern, the 3-dB beam widths in the E / H planes are 105° / 98.4°, and at this frequency point, the cross-polarization levels in the E / H planes are -19.4 dB / -10 dB.

[0034] Figure 9 It is the ECC diagram of the antenna. It can be seen from Figure 9 that the ECC of the designed antenna is reduced to 0.0003. The metal used in the antenna design of this embodiment is copper, and the dielectric substrate has a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a loss tangent of 0.0027.

[0035] The specific implementation schemes described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementation schemes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupled dielectric resonator antenna, characterized in that, It includes a top high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator structure (1), an upper low-dielectric-constant substrate layer (2), an intermediate metal layer structure (4), a lower low-dielectric-constant substrate layer (6), and a bottom feeder structure (5) which are stacked from top to bottom; two arrays of top high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator structures (1) are arranged above the upper low-dielectric-constant substrate layer (2) and the distance between the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator structures (1) is 0.26λ0. The top high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator structure (1) includes a first resonator cutting part (7) and a second resonator cutting part (8); two parallel rectangular grooves (3) are etched in the intermediate metal layer structure (4); the two rectangular grooves (3) are respectively arranged directly below the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator structures (1). Two bottom feeder structures (5) are arranged below the lower low-dielectric-constant substrate layer (6); when the antenna works, signals are fed in through the microstrip feeders corresponding to the bottom feeder structures (5), and the signals are coupled to the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structure (1) through the rectangular slots (3) and two TM 11 modes of the top high-dielectric-constant Z-shaped dielectric resonator structures (1) are excited.

2. The closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein The length of the top high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator structure (1) is 0.23λ0 - 0.25λ0, the width is 0.164λ0 - 0.166λ0, and the height is 0.140λ0 - 0.142λ0; the top high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator structure (1) is made of ceramic with a dielectric constant of 89.5 and a loss angle of 0.0006.

3. A closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupled dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the two top high-dielectric-constant Z-type dielectric resonator structures (1) is 0.26λ0.

4. A closely arranged Z-shaped self-decoupling dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the first resonator cutting part (7) is 0.08λ0×0.165λ0×0.017λ0; the size of the second resonator cutting part (8) is 0.124λ0×0.165λ0×0.018λ0.

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