Header device and self-propelled sweet-waxy corn fresh ear harvesting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a header device and a self-propelled sweet-waxy corn fresh ear harvesting machine, and belongs to agricultural mechanical equipment. The header device comprises a stalk cutting device, a clamping device, a conveying device and a header frame, an ear picking and stem pulling device is arranged below the rear portion of a clamping frame of the clamping device, the ear picking and stem pulling device comprises roller sets arranged on the two sides below a conveying channel respectively, each roller set comprises an ear picking roller and a stem pulling roller, and the stem pulling rollers are located behind the ear picking rollers. The snapping rollers are connected with a driving device, the snapping rollers are driven by the driving device to rotate, and the rotation directions of the snapping rollers in the two roller sets are opposite; in the same roller set, the stem pulling roller is connected with the ear picking roller through the transmission mechanism, and the stem pulling roller and the ear picking roller rotate in opposite directions, so that the ear picking process is similar to the lever principle of manual ear picking, the purpose of low-loss ear picking is achieved, and the boundary dimension of the machine is shortened. The self-propelled sweet-waxy corn fresh ear harvesting machine provided by the invention runs stably, is particularly suitable for operation in hilly areas, and is beneficial to reducing the input cost and reducing the labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to agricultural machinery and equipment, and more specifically, relates to a header device and a self-propelled fresh ear harvesting machine for sweet and waxy corn. Background Art

[0002] Sweet and waxy corn is a special vegetable corn that combines glutinousness and sweetness, with good glutinousness, high sweetness, and a moderate sweet taste. Due to the small planting scale, scattered plots, multiple varieties, and non-contiguous distribution of sweet and waxy corn, most of them are harvested manually, resulting in high labor intensity and poor working environment.

[0003] Currently, in a few areas, corn harvesters are used to harvest sweet and waxy corn. However, these corn harvesters mainly use corn harvesters for harvesting mature corn. The harvesting principle is to limit the passage of corn ears through the set gap during the process of grasping the stem below the corn ear and pulling it downward. When the pulling force exceeds the bearing capacity of the root of the corn ear, the corn ear is clamped off, requiring a large acting force. However, since the corn ears of sweet and waxy corn are tender and easily damaged, if the above-mentioned corn harvesters are used, mechanical damage is often caused to the corn ears, especially their tails, and the ear stalk part of the corn ear cannot be reliably retained, affecting the commercial appearance and also being unfavorable for preservation. In addition, due to their large volume, existing corn harvesters are difficult to operate in scattered small plots and are not conducive to directly harvesting sweet and waxy corn. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a header device and a self-propelled fresh ear harvesting machine for sweet and waxy corn, which can at least achieve the purpose of reducing damage to corn ears.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a header device is provided, which includes a stalk cutting device, a clamping device, a conveying device, and a header frame. The conveying device is installed on the upper part of the header frame, the clamping device is offset and installed on one side of the header frame, and the stalk cutting device is installed on the header frame below the front end of the clamping device; The clamping device includes a clamping frame and two groups of clamping mechanisms arranged on the clamping frame. Each group of clamping mechanisms includes a clamping belt driving wheel and a clamping belt driven wheel respectively arranged at both ends of the clamping frame, and a clamping belt is connected between the clamping belt driving wheel and the clamping belt driven wheel; a conveying channel for corn stalks is formed between the inner clamping belts of the two groups of clamping mechanisms; Below the rear part of the clamping frame, an ear picking and stem pulling device is provided. The ear picking and stem pulling device includes roller groups respectively arranged on both sides below the conveying channel. Each roller group includes an ear picking roller and a stem pulling roller, and the stem pulling roller is located behind the ear picking roller; the ear picking roller is connected to a driving device and is driven by the driving device to rotate, and the ear picking rollers in the two roller groups rotate in opposite directions; within the same roller group, the stem pulling roller is connected to the ear picking roller through a transmission mechanism and rotates in the opposite direction to the ear picking roller.

[0006] Further, the clamping frame includes a fixed clamping frame and a movable clamping frame; The fixed clamping frame includes a fixed clamping frame cross beam and fixed connection brackets. One or more fixed connection brackets are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the fixed clamping frame cross beam. The bottom of the fixed connection brackets is fixedly connected to the header frame through columns; the movable clamping frame includes a movable clamping frame cross beam and movable connection brackets. One or more movable connection brackets are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the movable clamping frame cross beam; the front end of the fixed connection brackets is inserted into the inside of the front end of the movable connection brackets.

[0007] Further, the clamping belt driving wheel and the clamping belt driven wheel are respectively installed at both ends of the fixed clamping frame and both ends of the movable clamping frame; a number of clamping belt supporting wheels are evenly distributed between the clamping belt driving wheel and the clamping belt driven wheel. The clamping belt supporting wheels are installed on the fixed clamping frame cross beam and the movable clamping frame cross beam; the clamping belt driving wheel, the clamping belt driven wheel, and the clamping belt supporting wheels are wrapped and connected by a clamping belt.

[0008] Further, the top end of the ear picking roller is connected to the ear picking roller top seat through a bearing, and the bottom end of the ear picking roller is connected to the rotating shaft of the ear picking driving motor as a driving device; the ear picking roller top seat is fixedly connected to the clamping frame, the ear picking driving motor is fixedly connected to the ear picking roller base, and the ear picking roller base is connected to the header frame through the ear picking device fixing frame.

[0009] Further, the transmission mechanism includes an ear picking roller gear, an intermediate gear, an intermediate sprocket, and a pulling stem roller sprocket; At both ends of the ear picking roller, a tensioning seat is hinged respectively. Three generally used bearing seats distributed in a triangle are fixed on each tensioning seat. Among them, the first generally used bearing seat is concentrically connected to the ear picking roller, and an ear picking roller gear is coaxially fixed on the top of the ear picking roller; the second generally used bearing seat is connected to the coaxially installed intermediate gear and intermediate sprocket, and the third generally used bearing seat is connected to the coaxially installed pulling stem roller sprocket and the pulling stem roller; the ear picking roller gear meshes with the intermediate gear, and the intermediate sprocket and the pulling stem roller sprocket are connected by a transmission chain.

[0010] Further, it includes a pulling stem roller swing mechanism. The pulling stem roller swing structure includes a ball head tensioning rod, a rotating seat, and a pulling stem tensioning spring; The two tensioning seats at both ends of the ear picking roller are rigidly connected into a whole through a connecting rod. The bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged to the ball head end of the ball head tensioning rod. The other end of the ball head tensioning rod is slidably connected to the hole opened in the rotating seat. The lower end of the rotating seat is hinged to the ear picking device fixing frame. A pulling stem tensioning spring is sleeved on the ball head tensioning rod. The two ends of the pulling stem tensioning spring are respectively supported on the inner side of the rotating seat and the inner side of the ball head end of the ball head tensioning rod.

[0011] Further, a reel is coaxially installed on the top of the clamping belt driven wheel, and dividing devices are arranged at the front ends of both the fixed clamping frame cross beam and the movable clamping frame cross beam.

[0012] Further, the conveying device includes a transverse conveying device and a longitudinal conveying device; The transverse conveying device includes a transverse conveying device driven shaft, a transverse conveying belt, and a transverse conveying device driving shaft. The transverse conveying belt is connected between the transverse conveying device driven shaft and the transverse conveying device driving shaft; The longitudinal conveying device includes a longitudinal conveying device driven shaft, a longitudinal conveying belt, and a longitudinal conveying device driving shaft. The longitudinal conveying belt is connected between the longitudinal conveying device driven shaft and the longitudinal conveying device driving shaft; The transverse conveying belt and the longitudinal conveying belt are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a self-propelled fresh ear harvesting machine for sweet and waxy corn is provided, including the header device described above.

[0014] Further, it includes a corn ear elevator, a corn stalk crushing device, a traveling device, a cab, a cleaning device, a diesel engine assembly, a fresh ear chute, a chassis, and a corn ear box; The corn ear elevator, the corn stalk crushing device, the traveling device, the cab, the diesel engine assembly, and the corn ear box are all arranged on the chassis; The header device is arranged directly in front of the chassis, and the corn stalk crushing device is arranged below the front end of the header device; the corn ear box is arranged above the rear part of the chassis, the corn ear elevator is arranged on one side of the front part of the chassis, the fresh ear chute is arranged between the end of the corn ear elevator and the corn ear box, and the cleaning device is arranged above the middle part of the corn ear elevator; The traveling device is arranged below the chassis, the cab is located on the other side of the front part of the chassis, and the diesel engine assembly is located behind the cab.

[0015] The header device provided by the present invention includes an improved ear pulling and stalk pulling device, in which the stalk pulling roller rotates in the opposite direction to the ear pulling roller and has a certain clamping force. The ear pulling process is similar to the lever principle of manual ear pulling, achieving the purpose of low-loss ear pulling, shortening the overall length of the header device, making the overall dimensions of the machine shorter, the center of gravity distribution more reasonable, and the operation more stable and safe.

[0016] The self-propelled fresh ear harvesting machine for sweet and waxy corn provided by the present invention integrates multiple functions, is easy to operate, runs smoothly, and has a low impurity content after harvesting. It is particularly suitable for operation in hilly areas, which is beneficial to reducing input costs and labor intensity. Description of the Drawings

[0017] The drawings here are used to provide further illustration of the present invention, and constitute a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the self-propelled fresh ear harvesting machine for sweet and waxy corn described in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutting table device; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping device; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ear picking and stalk pulling device; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stalk pulling roller; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first tensioning device and the second tensioning device; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conveying device.

[0019] In the figure, 1 - cutting table device, 2 - corn ear elevator, 3 - corn stalk crushing device, 4 - traveling device, 5 - driver's cab, 6 - impurity discharging device, 7 - diesel engine assembly, 8 - fresh ear chute, 9 - chassis, 10 - corn ear bin; 11 - stalk cutting device, 12 - clamping device, 13 - transverse conveying device, 14 - longitudinal conveying device, 15 - ear picking and stalk pulling device, 16 - hydraulic station, 17 - cutting table support arm, 18 - cutting table lifting oil cylinder, 19 - cutting table frame; 101 - cutting table main shaft, 102 - right-angle transmission box, 103 - cutting table transition shaft, 301 - corn stalk crushing device drive shaft; 1201 - divider, 1202 - first tensioning device, 1203 - clamping belt driven wheel, 1204 - reel, 1205 - second tensioning device, 1206 - fixed clamping frame, 1207 - movable clamping frame, 1208 - clamping belt support wheel, 1209 - clamping belt drive motor, 1210 - clamping belt driving wheel, 1211 - forced stalk discharging device, 1212 - connection seat of ear picking and stalk pulling device, 1213 - clamping belt, 1214 - column; 12021 - first tensioning rod, 12022 - first tensioning adjusting nut, 12023 - first tensioning spring, 12024 - first tensioning fixed sleeve, 12025 - first tensioning fixing plate, 12026 - first tensioning movable tube; 12051 - second tensioning movable tube, 12052 - second tensioning fixing plate, 12053 - second tensioning fixed sleeve, 12054 - second tensioning spring, 12055 - second tensioning adjusting nut, 12056 - second tensioning rod; 12061 - cross beam of fixed clamping frame, 12062 - fixed connection bracket, 12071 - cross beam of movable clamping frame, 12072 - movable connection bracket; 1301 - Passive shaft of the horizontal conveyor device, 1302 - Horizontal conveyor belt, 1303 - Active shaft of the horizontal conveyor device, 1304 - Guard plate, 1401 - Passive shaft of the longitudinal conveyor device, 1402 - Active shaft of the longitudinal conveyor device, 1403 - Longitudinal conveyor belt; 1501 - Top seat of the ear - picking roller, 1502 - Ear - picking roller, 1503 - Gear of the ear - picking roller, 1504 - Intermediate gear, 1505 - Intermediate sprocket, 1506 - Sprocket of the stalk - pulling roller, 1507 - Stalk - pulling roller, 1508 - Tensioning seat, 1509 - Universal bearing seat, 1510 - Connecting rod, 1511 - Ear - picking drive motor, 1512 - Base of the ear - picking roller, 1513 - Fixing frame of the ear - picking device, 1514 - Ball - head tensioning rod, 1515 - Rotating seat, 1516 - Stalk - pulling tension spring, 1517 - Stalk - pulling tension adjusting nut; 1601 - Power shaft of the hydraulic station. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the implementation manners and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0021] A cutting table device 1 provided by a typical embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, includes a stalk - cutting device 11, a clamping device 12, a conveying device, and a cutting table frame 19.

[0022] Among them, as Figure 2 shown, the stalk - cutting device 11 is installed on the cutting table frame 19 below the front end of the clamping device 12. The stalk - cutting device 11 is used to cut corn stalks. The main structure of the cutting device 11 is a rotary cutter, and cutting knives are arranged at intervals on the edge of the rotary cutter.

[0023] Among them, as Figure 3 shown, the clamping device 12 is offset and installed on one side of the cutting table frame 19. The clamping device 12 includes a clamping frame and two groups of clamping mechanisms arranged on the clamping frame. Each group of clamping mechanisms includes a clamping - belt driving wheel 1210 and a clamping - belt driven wheel 1203 respectively arranged at both ends of the clamping frame. A clamping belt 1213 is connected between the clamping - belt driving wheel 1210 and the clamping - belt driven wheel 1203; a conveying channel for corn stalks is formed between the inner clamping belts 1213 of the two groups of clamping mechanisms. The clamping - belt driving wheel 1210 is driven to rotate by a clamping - belt driving motor 1209.

[0024] On this basis, an ear - picking and stalk - pulling device 15 is provided below the rear part of the clamping frame in this embodiment, which is used to separate corn ears from corn stalks.

[0025] AsFigure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in Figure 4 , the ear - pulling and stalk - drawing device 15 includes roller groups respectively arranged on both sides below the conveying channel. Each roller group includes a ear - picking roller 1502 and a stalk - drawing roller 1507. The stalk - drawing roller 1507 is located behind the ear - picking roller 1502, and the surface of the stalk - drawing roller 1507 has a convex strip - shaped structure ( Figure 5 ).

[0026] The ear - picking roller 1502 is connected to a driving device, and the driving device drives the ear - picking roller 1502 to rotate. The ear - picking rollers 1502 in the two roller groups rotate in opposite directions; within the same roller group, the stalk - drawing roller 1507 is connected to the ear - picking roller 1502 through a transmission mechanism and the stalk - drawing roller 1507 rotates in the opposite direction to the ear - picking roller 1502.

[0027] The gap between the ear - picking rollers 1502 in the two roller groups is smaller than the diameter of the corn ear and larger than the diameter of the corn stalk.

[0028] The conveying device is installed on the upper part of the cutter bar frame 19, and the conveying device is used to collect and transmit the separated corn ears.

[0029] In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the ear - pulling and stalk - drawing device 15 is to reduce the mechanical damage to the corn ears and reduce the working length of the clamping belt 1213, thereby shortening the overall length of the cutter bar device 1, making the external dimensions of the machine shorter, the center - of - gravity distribution more reasonable, and the operation more stable and safe.

[0030] According to this embodiment, the clamping device 12 clamps the top of the corn stalk with the corn ear, the stalk - cutting device 11 cuts off the bottom of the corn stalk, and the cut corn stalk with the corn ear is driven by the clamping belt 1213 and conveyed backward in the conveying channel into the ear - pulling and stalk - drawing device 15. Since the diameter of the corn stalk is smaller than the gap between the two ear - picking rollers 1502, while the diameter of the corn ear is larger than the gap between the two ear - picking rollers 1502, the ear - picking rollers 1502 prevent the corn ear from passing through, and the stalk - drawing roller 1507 continues to pull the corn stalk backward. After the corn ear is separated from the corn stalk, it falls into the conveying device below, and the corn stalk separated from the corn ear is discharged by the stalk - drawing roller 1507 and falls into the field.

[0031] In order to ensure that the remaining corn stalks after ear - picking can be smoothly discharged, the stalk - cutting device 11, the clamping device 12, and the ear - pulling and stalk - drawing device 15 can be offset installed, so that there is no other interference during the discharge of the remaining corn stalks after ear - picking.

[0032] In the above process, when the corn stalk enters between the two stalk pulling rollers 1507, the relatively rotating stalk pulling rollers 1507 clamp the corn stalk and pull it out in a direction away from the ear picking roller 1502, while separating the corn ear from the corn stalk. During the ear picking process, the head of the corn stalk first enters between the two stalk pulling rollers 1507, and the corn ear is blocked by the ear picking roller 1502. This ear picking process is similar to the lever principle of manual ear picking, with less force required, so the force on the corn ear is small, achieving the purpose of low-loss ear picking. At the same time, since the stalk pulling roller 1507 is arranged close to the ear picking roller 1502, the required stroke during the ear picking process is shorter, which also shortens the overall length of the header device 1.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the clamping frame includes a fixed clamping frame 1206 and a movable clamping frame 1207.

[0034] As Figure 3 shown, the fixed clamping frame 1206 includes a fixed clamping frame cross beam 12061 and a fixed connection bracket 12062. One or more fixed connection brackets 12062 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the fixed clamping frame cross beam 12061, and the bottom of the fixed connection bracket 12062 is fixedly connected to the header frame 19 through a column 1214. The movable clamping frame 1207 includes a movable clamping frame cross beam 12071 and a movable connection bracket 12072. One or more movable connection brackets 12072 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the movable clamping frame cross beam 12071.

[0035] The front end of the fixed connection bracket 12062 is inserted into the inside of the front end of the movable connection bracket 12072. A section of hollow tube is provided at the front end of the movable connection bracket 12072, and positioning holes are spacedly opened on the hollow tube. After the front end of the fixed connection bracket 12062 is inserted into the hollow tube, a locking bolt is installed in the positioning hole.

[0036] The gap width between the clamping belts 1213 on both sides of the conveying channel can be adjusted by adjusting the cooperation position between the movable clamping frame 1207 and the fixed clamping frame 1206.

[0037] In a relatively specific embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the clamping belt driving wheel 1210 and the clamping belt driven wheel 1203 are respectively installed at both ends of the fixed clamping frame 1206 and both ends of the movable clamping frame 1207.

[0038] Exemplarily, two clamping belt driving wheels 1210 are respectively installed at the ends of the fixed connection bracket 12062 and the movable connection bracket 12072, and two clamping belt driven wheels 1203 are respectively installed at the front ends of the fixed clamping frame cross beam 12061 and the movable clamping frame cross beam 12071.

[0039] A number of clamping belt support wheels 1208 are evenly distributed between the clamping belt driving wheel 1210 and the clamping belt driven wheel 1203. The clamping belt support wheels 1208 are installed on the fixed clamping frame cross beam 12061 and the movable clamping frame cross beam 12071; the clamping belt driving wheel 1210, the clamping belt driven wheel 1203, and the clamping belt support wheels 1208 are wrapped and connected by the clamping belt 1213.

[0040] Preferably, the clamping belt support wheels 1208 on both sides are evenly distributed and installed in a staggered manner to support the clamping belt 1213.

[0041] In order to enable the corn stalks to be smoothly discharged at the end of the conveying channel formed by the clamping belt 1213, a forced stalk discharging device 1211 is provided below the clamping belt driving wheel 1210, and the clamping belt driving wheel 1210 and the forced stalk discharging device 1211 are driven to rotate in the same direction by the clamping belt driving motor 1209.

[0042] Ear pulling and stalk pulling device connecting seats 1212 are respectively arranged at the rear parts of the fixed clamping frame 1206 and the movable clamping frame 1207 and connected to the ear pulling and stalk pulling device 15.

[0043] In the clamping device 12, the tension of the clamping belt 1213 is jointly adjusted by the first tensioning device 1202 and the second tensioning device 1205. The purpose of setting the second tensioning device 1205 is to prevent the length of the conveying channel formed by the clamping belt 1213 from becoming shorter due to the movement of the clamping belt driven wheel 1203 when the adjustment range of the first tensioning device 1205 is too large.

[0044] The first tensioning device 1202 is located at the front end of the fixed clamping frame 1206 or the movable clamping frame 1207. As Figure 6 shown, the first tensioning device 1202 includes a first tensioning rod 12021, a first tensioning adjusting nut 12022, a first tensioning spring 12023, a first tensioning fixed sleeve 12024, a first tensioning fixing plate 12025, and a first tensioning movable tube 12026.

[0045] As Figure 6As shown, two first tension fixing plates 12025 are respectively fixedly connected to the front end of the fixed clamping frame crossbeam 12061 or the front end of the movable clamping frame crossbeam 12071. A through hole is formed in the middle of the first tension fixing plate 12025. The top of one end of the first tension fixing sleeve 12024 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first tension fixing plate 12025. One end of the first tension movable tube 12026 is connected to the shaft of the clamping belt driven wheel 1203. A part of the first tension movable tube 12026 is located inside the first tension fixing sleeve 12024 and can slide relatively. One end of the first tension rod 12021 passes through the through hole of the first tension fixing plate 12025 and is fixedly connected to the baffle on the upper part of the first tension movable tube 12026. A first tension adjusting nut 12022 is arranged at the other end of the first tension rod 12021. A first tension spring 12023 sleeved on the outside of the first tension rod 12021 is arranged between the first tension adjusting nut 12022 and the first tension fixing plate 12025.

[0046] The second tension device 1205 is located on the fixed clamping frame 1206 or the movable clamping frame 1207 behind the first tension device 1202. The second tension device 1205 includes a second tension movable tube 12051, a second tension fixing plate 12052, a second tension fixing sleeve 12053, a second tension spring 12054, a second tension adjusting nut 12055 and a second tension rod 12056.

[0047] As Figure 6 shown, two second tension fixing sleeves 12053 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed clamping frame crossbeam 12061 or the movable clamping frame crossbeam 12071. The top of one end of the second tension fixing sleeve 12053 is fixedly connected to the second tension fixing plate 12052. A through hole is formed in the middle of the second tension fixing plate 12052. One end of the second tension movable tube 12051 is connected to the shaft of the clamping belt supporting wheel 1208. A part of the second tension movable tube 12051 is located inside the second tension fixing sleeve 12053 and can slide relatively. One end of the second tension rod 12056 passes through the through hole of the second tension fixing plate 12052 and is fixedly connected to the baffle on the upper part of the second tension movable tube 12051. A second tension adjusting nut 12055 is arranged at the other end of the second tension rod 12056. A second tension spring 12054 sleeved on the outside of the second tension rod 12056 is arranged between the second tension adjusting nut 12055 and the second tension fixing plate 12052.

[0048] In another preferred embodiment, as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the top end of the ear picking roller 1502 is connected to the ear picking roller top seat 1501 through a bearing, and the bottom end of the ear picking roller 1502 is connected to the rotating shaft of the ear picking driving motor 1511 which serves as a driving device. The ear picking roller top seat 1501 is fixedly connected to the clamping frame, that is, ear picking and stalk pulling device connecting seats 1212 are respectively arranged on the fixed clamping frame cross beam 12061 and the movable clamping frame cross beam 12071, and the ear picking roller top seat 1501 is fixedly connected to the ear picking and stalk pulling device connecting seat 1212.

[0049] The ear picking driving motor 1511 is fixedly connected to the ear picking roller base 1512, and the ear picking roller base 1512 is connected to the cutting table frame 19 through the ear picking device fixing frame 1513.

[0050] The specific gap between the two ear picking rollers 1502 can be adjusted by the ear picking roller top seat 1501 and the ear picking roller base 1512 according to the actual growth of crops.

[0051] In another preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes an ear picking roller gear 1503, an intermediate gear 1504, an intermediate sprocket 1505 and a stalk pulling roller sprocket 1506.

[0052] One tensioning seat 1508 is hinged at each end of the ear picking roller 1502, and three generally used bearing seats 1509 distributed in a triangle are fixed on each tensioning seat 1508. Among them, the first generally used bearing seat 1509 is concentrically connected to the ear picking roller 1502, and the ear picking roller gear 1503 is coaxially fixed at the top of the ear picking roller 1502; the second generally used bearing seat 1509 is connected to the coaxially installed intermediate gear 1504 and intermediate sprocket 1505, and the third generally used bearing seat is connected to the coaxially installed stalk pulling roller sprocket 1506 and stalk pulling roller 1507; the ear picking roller gear 1503 meshes with the intermediate gear 1504, and the intermediate sprocket 1505 is connected to the stalk pulling roller sprocket 1506 through a transmission chain.

[0053] Taking one of the roller groups as an example to illustrate the principle of the transmission route, the ear picking driving motor 1511 drives the ear picking roller 1502 to rotate counterclockwise. The ear picking roller gear 1503 coaxially and fixedly connected to the ear picking roller 1502 drives the meshing intermediate gear 1504 to rotate in the opposite direction. The intermediate sprocket 1505 rotates synchronously with the intermediate gear 1504 coaxially. The intermediate sprocket 1505 drives the stalk pulling roller sprocket 1506 and the stalk pulling roller 1507 coaxially connected thereto to rotate in the same direction through a chain drive form, and finally achieves the purpose that the rotation directions of the ear picking roller 1502 and the stalk pulling roller 1507 are opposite. The purpose of adopting multi-stage transmission is to ensure that the diameters of the ear picking roller gear 1503 and the stalk pulling roller sprocket 1506 are not respectively larger than those of the ear picking roller 1502 and the stalk pulling roller 1507 under the condition of meeting the requirements of the rotation direction, so as to avoid interference of the ear picking roller gear 1503 and the stalk pulling roller sprocket 1506 with the passing of corn stalks.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, the ear pulling and stalk pulling device 15 further includes a stalk pulling roller swing mechanism, and the stalk pulling roller swing structure includes a ball head tension rod 1514, a rotating seat 1515, and a stalk pulling tension spring 1516; Two tension seats 1508 at both ends of the ear pulling roller 1502 are rigidly connected into one body through a connecting rod 1510. The bottom end of the connecting rod 1510 is hinged to the ball head end of the ball head tension rod 1514. The other end of the ball head tension rod 1514 is slidably connected to a hole provided in the rotating seat 1515. The lower end of the rotating seat 1515 is hinged to the ear pulling device fixing frame 1513. A stalk pulling tension spring 1516 is sleeved on the ball head tension rod 1514, and both ends of the stalk pulling tension spring 1516 are respectively supported on the inner side of the rotating seat 1515 and the inner side of the ball head end of the ball head tension rod 1514.

[0055] In addition, a stalk pulling tension adjusting nut 1517 is arranged between the ball head inner side of the ball head tension rod 1514 and the stalk pulling tension spring 1516 for adjusting the pressing force on the stalk pulling tension spring 1516. When the stalk pulling tension adjusting nut 1517 moves closer to the rotating seat 1515 for adjustment, the stalk pulling tension spring 1516 is gradually compressed. Due to the increase in the reverse elastic force of the stalk pulling tension spring 1516, the biting force between the two stalk pulling rollers 1507 increases. When the corn stalk enters between the two stalk pulling rollers 1507, the two stalk pulling rollers 1507 clamp the corn stalk with a certain biting force. On the contrary, the reverse elastic force of the stalk pulling tension spring 1516 decreases, driving the biting force between the two stalk pulling rollers 1507 to decrease, and it can be adjusted according to the actual situation during use.

[0056] The ball head tension rod 1514 can slide in the hole provided in the rotating seat 1515, thereby driving the stalk pulling roller 1507 to swing around the ear pulling roller 1502. After the stalk pulling roller 1507 swings under an external force, it can be reset under the action of the stalk pulling tension spring 1516.

[0057] Due to the action of the stalk pulling tension spring 1516, the two stalk pulling rollers 1507 always maintain a state of approaching each other. At the same time, since the stalk pulling rollers 1507 have a convex structure, when the corn stalk enters between the two stalk pulling rollers 1507, the relatively rotating stalk pulling rollers 1507 clamp the corn stalk and pull it out in a direction away from the ear pulling roller 1502, and at the same time separate the corn ear from the corn stalk. The biting force on the corn stalk between the two stalk pulling rollers 1507 can be adjusted through the stalk pulling tension spring 1516.

[0058] In addition, as Figure 3As shown, in order to enable the corn stalks to smoothly enter between the clamping belts 1213, dividing devices 1201 are provided at the front ends of the fixed clamping frame cross beam 12061 and the movable clamping frame cross beam 12071. A reel 1204 is coaxially installed at the top of the clamping belt driven pulley 1203, which together play a guiding role for the corn stalks.

[0059] In a relatively specific embodiment, the conveying device includes a horizontal conveying device 13 and a vertical conveying device 14.

[0060] As Figure 7 shown, the horizontal conveying device 13 includes a horizontal conveying device driven shaft 1301, a horizontal conveying belt 1302, and a horizontal conveying device driving shaft 1303. The horizontal conveying belt 1302 is connected between the horizontal conveying device driven shaft 1301 and the horizontal conveying device driving shaft 1303; The vertical conveying device 14 includes a vertical conveying device driven shaft 1401, a vertical conveying belt 1403, and a vertical conveying device driving shaft 1402. The vertical conveying belt 1403 is connected between the vertical conveying device driven shaft 1401 and the vertical conveying device driving shaft 1402. The horizontal conveying belt 1302 and the vertical conveying belt 1403 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0061] A number of guard plates 1304 are provided around the horizontal conveying belt 1302 and the vertical conveying belt 1403 except at the discharge port to prevent the corn ears from falling.

[0062] Another typical embodiment of the present invention provides a self-propelled fresh sweet and glutinous corn ear harvesting machine, which includes the above-mentioned cutting table device 1, corn ear elevator 2, corn stalk crushing device 3, traveling device 4, cab 5, impurity discharging device 6, diesel engine assembly 7, fresh ear chute 8, chassis 9, and corn ear box 10.

[0063] The cutting table device 1, corn ear elevator 2, corn stalk crushing device 3, traveling device 4, cab 5, diesel engine assembly 7, and corn ear box 10 are all arranged on the chassis 9.

[0064] The cutting table device 1 is arranged directly in front of the chassis 9 for picking corn ears. The cutting table device 1 is connected to the chassis 9 through a cutting table support arm 17 and a cutting table lifting oil cylinder 18.

[0065] The corn stalk crushing device 3 is arranged below the front end of the cutting table device 1 for crushing the remaining stubble corn stalks after ear picking.

[0066] The corn ear box 10 is arranged above the rear part of the chassis 9 for collecting the fresh ears picked by the cutting table device 1.

[0067] The corn ear elevator 2 is arranged on one side of the front part of the chassis 9 and is used to convey the corn ears picked by the header device 1 backward. The fresh ear chute 8 is arranged between the end of the corn ear elevator 2 and the corn ear bin 10 and is used to smoothly slide the corn ears in the corn ear elevator 2 into the corn ear bin 10 to avoid missing corn ears.

[0068] The impurity removal device 6 is arranged above the middle part of the corn ear elevator 2 and is used to remove impurities such as leaves entrained in the fresh ears during the conveying process.

[0069] The main structure of the traveling device 4 is the wheels, which are arranged below the chassis 9 and are used for the whole machine to travel.

[0070] The driver's cab 5 is located on the other side of the front part of the chassis 9 and is used to operate the whole machine.

[0071] The diesel engine assembly 7 is located behind the driver's cab 5 and is used to provide power for the whole machine.

[0072] During operation, the clamping device 12 in the header device 1 clamps the top of the cornstalk with corn ears, the stalk cutting device 11 cuts off the bottom of the cornstalk, and then the clamping device 12 conveys the cut cornstalk with corn ears backward into the ear picking and stalk pulling device 15. The ear picking roller 1502 obstructs the passage of the corn ears, while the stalk pulling roller 1507 continues to pull the cornstalk backward. After the corn ears are separated from the cornstalk, they fall into the transverse conveyor belt 13, and the cornstalk is discharged by the stalk pulling roller 1507 into the field. After passing through the transverse conveyor belt 13, the corn ears enter the longitudinal conveyor belt 14 and then enter the corn ear elevator 2. During the transportation of the corn ears by the corn ear elevator 2, the impurities entrained in the corn ears are forcibly discharged by the impurity removal device 6. Then the corn ears are discharged from the end of the corn ear elevator 2 and enter the fresh ear chute 8, and finally enter the corn ear bin 10 through the end of the fresh ear chute 8 to complete the whole harvesting process.

[0073] The power transmission route of each component is as follows: The diesel engine assembly 7 transmits the power to the header main shaft 101. The header main shaft 101 transmits the power in two ways. One way is transmitted to the cornstalk crushing device drive shaft 301 in the form of chain drive, and the other way is transmitted to the header transition shaft 103 in the form of gear drive to realize the transmission direction change. Then the power after the direction change is transmitted to the longitudinal conveying device drive shaft 1402 and the hydraulic station power shaft 1601 of the hydraulic station 16 in the form of chain drive by the header transition shaft 103. The longitudinal conveying device drive shaft 1402 transmits the power to the right-angle gearbox 102 in the form of chain drive, and then the right-angle gearbox 102 changes the transmission direction and transmits it to the transverse conveying device drive shaft 1303 in the form of chain drive to realize the operation of each working component.

[0074] The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various deformations and modifications. Any modification, improvement, and equivalent replacement made within the concept and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A header device, comprising a stalk cutting device (11), a clamping device (12), a conveying device, and a header frame (19). The conveying device is installed on the upper part of the header frame (19), the clamping device (12) is offset and installed on one side of the header frame (19), and the stalk cutting device (11) is installed on the header frame (19) below the front end of the clamping device (12), characterized in that: The clamping device (12) includes a clamping frame and two groups of clamping mechanisms arranged on the clamping frame. Each group of clamping structures includes a clamping belt driving wheel (1210) and a clamping belt driven wheel (1203) respectively arranged at both ends of the clamping frame. A clamping belt (1213) is connected between the clamping belt driving wheel (1210) and the clamping belt driven wheel (1203); a conveying channel for corn stalks is formed between the inner clamping belts (1213) of the two groups of clamping mechanisms; Below the rear part of the clamping frame, there is an ear picking and stalk pulling device (15). The ear picking and stalk pulling device (15) includes roller groups respectively arranged on both sides below the conveying channel. Each roller group includes an ear picking roller (1502) and a stalk pulling roller (1507). The stalk pulling roller (1507) is located behind the ear picking roller (1502); the ear picking roller (1502) is connected to a driving device, and the driving device drives the ear picking roller (1502) to rotate. The rotation directions of the ear picking rollers (1502) in the two roller groups are opposite; within the same roller group, the stalk pulling roller (1507) is connected to the ear picking roller (1502) through a transmission mechanism and the stalk pulling roller (1507) rotates in the opposite direction to the ear picking roller (1502).

2. The header device according to claim 1, wherein: The clamping frame includes a fixed clamping frame (1206) and a movable clamping frame (1207); The fixed clamping frame (1206) includes a fixed clamping frame cross beam (12061) and a fixed connection bracket (12062). One or more fixed connection brackets (12062) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the fixed clamping frame cross beam (12061). The bottom of the fixed connection bracket (12062) is fixedly connected to the header frame (19) through a column (1214); the movable clamping frame (1207) includes a movable clamping frame cross beam (12071) and a movable connection bracket (12072). One or more movable connection brackets (12072) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the movable clamping frame cross beam (12071); the front end of the fixed connection bracket (12062) is inserted into the interior of the front end of the movable connection bracket (12072).

3. The header device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping belt driving wheel (1210) and the clamping belt driven wheel (1203) are respectively installed at both ends of the fixed clamping frame (1206) and both ends of the movable clamping frame (1207); a number of clamping belt supporting wheels (1208) are evenly distributed between the clamping belt driving wheel (1210) and the clamping belt driven wheel (1203). The clamping belt supporting wheels (1208) are installed on the fixed clamping frame cross beam (12061) and the movable clamping frame cross beam (12071); the clamping belt driving wheel (1210), the clamping belt driven wheel (1203), and the clamping belt supporting wheels (1208) are wrapped and connected by the clamping belt (1213).

4. The header device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top end of the ear picking roller (1502) is connected to the ear picking roller top seat (1501) through a bearing, and the bottom end of the ear picking roller (1502) is connected to the rotating shaft of the ear picking driving motor (1511) which serves as a driving device; the ear picking roller top seat (1501) is fixedly connected to the clamping frame, the ear picking driving motor (1511) is fixedly connected to the ear picking roller base (1512), and the ear picking roller base (1512) is connected to the cutter bar frame (19) through the ear picking device fixing frame (1513).

5. The header device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes an ear picking roller gear (1503), an intermediate gear (1504), an intermediate sprocket (1505) and a stalk pulling roller sprocket (1506); At both ends of the ear picking roller (1502), a tensioning seat (1508) is hinged respectively, and three generally used bearing seats (1509) distributed in a triangle are fixed on each tensioning seat (1508). Among them, the first generally used bearing seat (1509) is concentrically connected to the ear picking roller (1502), and an ear picking roller gear (1503) is coaxially fixed on the top of the ear picking roller (1502); the second generally used bearing seat (1509) is connected to the coaxially installed intermediate gear (1504) and intermediate sprocket (1505), and the third generally used bearing seat is connected to the coaxially installed stalk pulling roller sprocket (1506) and stalk pulling roller (1507); the ear picking roller gear (1503) meshes with the intermediate gear (1504), and the intermediate sprocket (1505) is connected to the stalk pulling roller sprocket (1506) through a transmission chain.

6. The header device according to claim 5, wherein: It includes a stalk pulling roller swing mechanism, and the stalk pulling roller swing structure includes a ball head tensioning rod (1514), a rotating seat (1515) and a stalk pulling tensioning spring (1516); The two tensioning seats (1508) at both ends of the ear picking roller (1502) are rigidly connected into a whole through a connecting rod (1510). The bottom end of the connecting rod (1510) is hinged to the ball head end of the ball head tensioning rod (1514). The other end of the ball head tensioning rod (1514) is slidably connected to the hole formed in the rotating seat (1515). The lower end of the rotating seat (1515) is hinged to the ear picking device fixing frame (1513). A stalk pulling tensioning spring (1516) is sleeved on the ball head tensioning rod (1514), and both ends of the stalk pulling tensioning spring (1516) are respectively supported on the inner side of the rotating seat (1515) and the inner side of the ball head end of the ball head tensioning rod (1514).

7. The header device according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: A reel (1204) is coaxially installed on the top of the clamping belt driven wheel (1203), and a dividing reel (1201) is arranged at the front ends of both the fixed clamping frame cross beam (12061) and the movable clamping frame cross beam (12071).

8. The header device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conveying device includes a transverse conveying device (13) and a longitudinal conveying device (14); The transverse conveying device (13) includes a transverse conveying device driven shaft (1301), a transverse conveying belt (1302), and a transverse conveying device driving shaft (1303). The transverse conveying belt (1302) is connected between the transverse conveying device driven shaft (1301) and the transverse conveying device driving shaft (1303); The longitudinal conveying device (14) includes a longitudinal conveying device driven shaft (1401), a longitudinal conveying belt (1403), and a longitudinal conveying device driving shaft (1402). The longitudinal conveying belt (1403) is connected between the longitudinal conveying device driven shaft (1401) and the longitudinal conveying device driving shaft (1402). The transverse conveying belt (1302) is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal conveying belt (1403).

9. A self-propelled fresh ear harvesting machine for sweet and waxy corn, characterized in that: It includes the header device (1) according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The self-propelled fresh ear harvesting machine for sweet glutinous corn according to claim 9, wherein: It includes a corn ear elevator (2), a corn stalk crushing device (3), a traveling device (4), a cab (5), a waste discharging device (6), a diesel engine assembly (7), a fresh ear chute (8), a chassis (9), and a corn ear box (10). The corn ear elevator (2), the corn stalk crushing device (3), the traveling device (4), the cab (5), the diesel engine assembly (7), and the corn ear box (10) are all arranged on the chassis (9). The header device (1) is arranged directly in front of the chassis (9), and the corn stalk crushing device (3) is arranged below the front end of the header device (1). The corn ear box (10) is arranged above the rear part of the chassis (9), the corn ear elevator (2) is arranged on one side of the front part of the chassis (9), the fresh ear chute (8) is arranged between the end of the corn ear elevator (2) and the corn ear box (10), and the waste discharging device (6) is arranged above the middle part of the corn ear elevator (2). The traveling device (4) is arranged below the chassis (9), the cab (5) is located on the other side of the front part of the chassis (9), and the diesel engine assembly (7) is located behind the cab (5).

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