Cutting medium of clematis maple and cutting propagation method based on cutting medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a cutting medium for clematis maple and a cutting propagation method based on the cutting medium, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation. Akadama soil, Kanuma soil, limestone debris and peat soil are mixed according to a certain volume ratio, carbendazim powder is added into the mixture, and the cutting medium suitable for clematis maple breeding is obtained. Semi-lignified branches 45-75 days after the fruiting period are selected, two sections are reserved, and half of leaves are removed; completely burying the first section of the branch into the substrate, and ensuring that the leaf axillary bud point is not higher than the substrate plane; after cuttage, 90-95% of environment humidity is maintained, and thorough watering is conducted every 3-5 days. The cutting medium is used in cooperation with a specific treatment method, efficient cutting propagation of the clematis maple is achieved, the survival rate of branches after overwintering can reach 85% at most, the flowering rate can reach 70% at most, rooting can be achieved in 23-25 days, and compared with the prior art, the cultivation and propagation cycle of the clematis maple is greatly shortened, and plant growth is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cultivation techniques, and particularly to a cutting substrate for Clematis acerifolia and a cutting propagation method based on the same. Background Art

[0002] Clematis acerifolia Maxim. is a small shrub plant of the genus Clematis in the family Ranunculaceae. It is named because its leaves are similar to those of maple trees and is a rare wild plant highly representative of Beijing and its surrounding areas. The plant of Clematis acerifolia is 30-60 cm tall, with a hairless stem, many branches, and the outer bark of old branches is gray with ring-shaped cracks. The leaves are thick paper pentagons, palmately shallowly lobed, with notched coarse teeth at the edges. The flowering period is concentrated from April to May. The flowers are clustered, with 5-8 sepals, white or pink, and the diameter can reach 5 cm, with extremely strong ornamental value. Its roots are thick and woody, can adapt to the barren environment of cliffs, and reproduce by means such as taking root through rock crevices, storing water on cliffs, and seeds being spread by the wind, and is known as one of the "three wonders on the cliff".

[0003] Due to the harsh habitat and the influence of human activities, Clematis acerifolia is listed as a national second-class protected wild plant and a first-class protected plant in Beijing. Its reproduction is difficult. The seeds need to fall into the cliff crevices to germinate, the survival rate of seedlings is low, it is rare in the wild, and its genetic diversity depends on natural reproduction. In recent years, Beijing has strengthened in-situ protection through measures such as establishing wild plant protection areas, removing invasive species, and restoring mine ecology, and has explored artificial reproduction to expand the population.

[0004] In the existing cutting propagation technology of Clematis acerifolia, mainly traditional substrates with good moisture retention but insufficient air permeability such as vermiculite and perlite are used as cutting substrates, without considering the adaptive evolution of Clematis acerifolia due to its special habitat. Vermiculite and perlite cannot provide the nutrients required for growth, so the roots of the cuttings often wither after transplantation, resulting in the phenomenon of false survival. For the Clematis acerifolia propagated by seeds, although the propagation coefficient is large, the growth is relatively slow. Even if it can bloom in the second year after sowing, its propagation cycle is relatively long. And the time to form a cluster is long, and the time from sowing to reaching the flowering adult plant is slow. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cutting substrate for Clematis acerifolia and a cutting propagation method based on the same. The present invention prepares a cutting substrate obtained by mixing akadama soil, kanuma soil, limestone debris and peat soil in a certain volume ratio, and adds carbendazim powder to the substrate; selects semi-lignified branches 45-75 days after the fruiting period, retains two nodes and removes half of the leaves; completely buries the first node of the branch into the substrate to ensure that the axillary buds are not higher than the substrate plane; after cutting, maintain the environmental humidity at 90-95%, and water thoroughly every 3-5 days to complete the cutting propagation of Clematis acerifolia.

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a cutting propagation method for Clematis acerifolia, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Mix red lava soil, kanuma soil, limestone and peat soil to prepare a cutting substrate for Clematis acerifolia;

[0008] Step S2: Take a Clematis acerifolia branch with a length of two nodes and remove half of the leaves on the branch;

[0009] Step S3: Insert the processed branch into the cutting substrate, completely bury the first node of the branch into the cutting substrate, and ensure that the bud point at the axil of the first node is not higher than the plane of the cutting substrate.

[0010] Clematis acerifolia grows relying on limestone cliffs and has the characteristics of adapting to oligotrophic and highly calciphilic environments. Limestone provides sufficient free calcium ions. The large-grained red lava soil and kanuma soil keep the soil loose and breathable while ensuring the substrate is moist, which is conducive to rooting. Peat soil can provide protection and buffering at the initial stage when the callus differentiates into young root points and root growth, avoiding root injury caused by the edges of particles.

[0011] Further, in step S1, the volume ratio of the red lava soil, kanuma soil, limestone and peat soil is 3:3:3:1.

[0012] Further, in step S1, the particle size of the red lava soil, kanuma soil and limestone is 6 - 8 mm.

[0013] Further, in step S1, the cutting substrate further includes carbendazim powder.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the addition amount of carbendazim powder in the cutting substrate is 0.5 g.

[0015] Further, in step S2, the time for taking the branch is 45 - 75 days after the fruiting period of Clematis acerifolia.

[0016] The time for collecting Clematis acerifolia branches will affect the cutting propagation effect of Clematis acerifolia, which is mainly related to the degree of lignification of the branches. Excessive or insufficient lignification will reduce the growth state of Clematis acerifolia.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the time for taking the branch is 45 days after the fruiting period of Clematis acerifolia.

[0018] Further, in step S3, water is applied every 3 - 5 days after cutting to soak the cutting substrate.

[0019] Further, in step S3, after cutting, the Clematis acerifolia branches are placed in an environment with a humidity of 90 - 95%.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, after the cutting is completed, the Clematis branches are placed in an environment with a humidity of 90%.

[0021] The second object of the present invention is to provide a cutting medium for Clematis truncatula, which comprises 6-8 mm Akadama soil, 6-8 mm Kanuma soil, 6-8 mm limestone fragments and peat soil, with a volume ratio of 3:3:3:1.

[0022] Furthermore, the matrix also includes carbendazim powder.

[0023] Furthermore, the amount of the carbendazim powder added is 0.5-1g of carbendazim powder per liter of cutting medium.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of carbendazim powder added is 0.5 g of carbendazim powder per liter of cutting medium.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0026] The present invention improves air permeability and drainage through substrate ratio and particle size design, limestone provides calcium to promote root development, carbendazim is added to the cutting substrate to inhibit fungal infection and reduce the risk of cutting rot, and a stable rooting environment is maintained through humidity control and regular watering to reduce branch water loss. The optimal period for selecting semi-lignified branches is screened, and defoliation is combined to balance photosynthesis and transpiration. The first node is buried and the bud point is positioned to facilitate the germination of hidden buds and the formation of new roots, thus achieving efficient cutting propagation of maple leaf clematis. The survival rate of branches after wintering can reach up to 85%, the flowering rate can reach up to 70%, and rooting can be achieved in 23-25 days. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 The germination of some maple leaf clematis leaves in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 The germination of axillary buds of some maple-leaved clematis in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 The flowering conditions of some maple leaf clematis in the embodiments of the present invention are shown;

[0031] Figure 4 This is the rooting situation of some maple leaf clematis in the examples of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and be able to implement it, but the embodiments cited do not limit the present invention.

[0033] In the following embodiments, the "rooting days" are calculated until the first root of the plant appears, "after overwintering" refers to March - April after the plant survives the winter, the "flowering rate" refers to the probability that at least one flower of the plant blooms, and the "sprouting branches after overwintering" refers to the probability that at least one branch of the plant sprouts.

[0034] Example 1: Substrate ratio

[0035] Screen the suitable cutting substrates for Clematis acerifolia. Six different cultivation substrates were prepared according to the following formulas for control experiments. The volume formulas of the substrates are as follows, where the particle sizes of Akadama, Kanuma, and limestone are all 6 - 8 mm:

[0036] (1) Akadama : Kanuma : Limestone : Peat = 3 : 3 : 3 : 1;

[0037] (2) Akadama : Kanuma : Peat = 2 : 2 : 1;

[0038] (3) Akadama : Kanuma : Limestone = 1 : 1 : 1;

[0039] (4) Akadama : Kanuma : Peat = 1 : 1 : 1;

[0040] (5) Kanuma : Limestone : Peat = 1 : 1 : 1;

[0041] (6) Akadama : Limestone : Peat = 1 : 1 : 1.

[0042] After mixing the substrates with different formulas evenly, add 0.5 g of carbendazim powder per liter of soil, and then fill them into pots with a depth of 14 cm, and water until the substrates are completely wet.

[0043] Select the cutting branches from the artificially propagated mother plants of Clematis acerifolia. The cutting is carried out after the fruiting period of Clematis acerifolia (mid - May). Take 6 branches in each group, the branch length is two nodes, subtract half of the leaves on the branches, and insert the branches into the substrates, ensuring that the first section of the branches is completely immersed in the substrates and the bud points at the axils of the first - section leaves do not expose above the soil surface.

[0044] After the cutting is completed, water the substrates again until they are wet, and transfer them to the greenhouse. The humidity in the greenhouse is maintained at 90 - 95%, and the substrates are supplemented with water every 3 - 5 days to ensure that the substrates are moist.

[0045] After that, observe the status of the branches at any time, continuously cultivate the branches until March - April of the second year (after overwintering), and count the rooting days, survival rate after overwintering, flowering rate, number of germinated branches after overwintering, and amount of flowers after overwintering. The results are shown in Table 1. It can be seen that when using Mix Ratio 1 (Akadama: Kanuma: Limestone: Peat = 3:3:3:1) for cutting propagation of Clematis acerifolia, the rooting days are significantly shortened, and the survival rate after overwintering, flowering rate, number of germinated branches after overwintering, and amount of flowers after overwintering all increase. Clematis acerifolia is a special habitat plant that depends on limestone cliffs for growth. It has the characteristics of adapting to poor fertility and being highly calcium - loving. Therefore, doping an appropriate amount of limestone in the substrate provides sufficient free calcium ions. The large - particle Akadama and Kanuma keep the soil loose and breathable while ensuring the substrate is moist, which is conducive to rooting. Peat soil can provide protection and buffering at the beginning when the callus differentiates into young root points and root growth, avoiding the roots being cut by the edges of the particles.

[0046] Some of the germinated leaves of Clematis acerifolia are as Figure 1 shown, the germinated axillary buds are as Figure 2 shown, the flowering situation is as Figure 3 shown, and the rooting situation is as Figure 4 shown.

[0047] Table 1 Effects of different substrates on the propagation of Clematis acerifolia

[0048]

[0049] Example 2: Cutting time

[0050] Configure the cutting substrate for Clematis acerifolia according to the experimental results of Example 1, with a volume ratio of Akadama: Kanuma: Limestone: Peat = 3:3:3:1. After configuration, mix the substrate evenly, add 0.5 g of carbendazim powder per liter of soil, and then fill it into a pot with a depth of 14 cm and water it until the substrate is completely soaked.

[0051] Select the cutting branches from the artificially propagated mother plants of Clematis acerifolia. The cutting time starts from the fruiting period (mid - May) of Clematis acerifolia, which are the end of the fruiting period, 15 days after the end of the fruiting period, 30 days after the end of the fruiting period, 45 days after the end of the fruiting period, 60 days after the end of the fruiting period, 75 days after the end of the fruiting period, 90 days after the end of the fruiting period, and 105 days after the end of the fruiting period. Take 6 branches in each group. The length of the branches is two nodes, subtract half of the leaves on the branches, and insert the branches into the substrate, ensuring that the first section of the branch is completely submerged in the substrate and the bud point at the axil of the first section does not expose above the soil surface.

[0052] After cutting, water the substrate again until it is soaked, and then move it into the greenhouse. The humidity in the greenhouse is maintained at 90 - 95%, and replenish water to the substrate every 3 - 5 days to ensure that the substrate is moist.

[0053] After that, observe the status of the branches at any time, continuously cultivate the branches until March - April of the second year (after overwintering), and count the rooting days, survival rate after overwintering, flowering rate, number of germinated branches after overwintering, and amount of flowers after overwintering. The results are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that when cutting and propagating the branches of Clematis acerifolia about 45 - 75 days after the fruiting period ends, the rooting days are significantly shortened, and the survival rate after overwintering, flowering rate, number of germinated branches after overwintering, and amount of flowers after overwintering all increase. The time of collecting the branches of Clematis acerifolia will affect the cutting propagation effect of Clematis acerifolia, which is mainly related to the degree of lignification of the branches. Therefore, to ensure the shortest rooting time and the highest survival rate of Clematis acerifolia, the branches should be collected and cut about 45 - 75 days after the fruiting period ends.

[0054] Table 2 Effects of Different Cutting Times on the Propagation of Clematis acerifolia

[0055]

[0056] Obviously, the above - mentioned embodiments are only examples clearly described, and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or alterations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or alterations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A cutting propagation method for Clematis acerifolia, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1: Mix red volcanic soil, Kanuma soil, limestone and peat soil to prepare a cutting substrate for Clematis acerifolia; Step S2: Take Clematis acerifolia branches with a length of two nodes and remove half of the leaves on the branches; Step S3: Insert the processed branches into the cutting substrate, completely bury the first node of the branches into the cutting substrate, and the bud points at the axils of the first leaves are not higher than the plane of the cutting substrate.

2. The cutting propagation method according to claim 1, wherein: In Step S1, the volume ratio of the red volcanic soil, Kanuma soil, limestone and peat soil is 3:3:3:

1.

3. The cutting propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step S1, the particle size of the red volcanic soil, Kanuma soil and limestone is 6 - 8 mm.

4. The cutting medium according to claim 1, wherein: In Step S1, the cutting substrate also includes carbendazim powder.

5. The cutting propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step S2, the time to take the branches is 45 - 75 days after the fruiting period of Clematis acerifolia.

6. The cutting propagation method according to claim 1, wherein: In Step S3, water is applied every 3 - 5 days after cutting to make the cutting substrate thoroughly wet.

7. The cutting propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step S3, after cutting, the Clematis acerifolia branches are placed in an environment with a humidity of 90 - 95%.

8. A cutting substrate for Clematis acerifolia, characterized in that: The cutting substrate includes red volcanic soil with a particle size of 6 - 8 mm, Kanuma soil with a particle size of 6 - 8 mm, limestone debris with a particle size of 6 - 8 mm and peat soil, and the volume ratio is 3:3:3:

1.

9. The cutting substrate according to claim 8, wherein: The cutting substrate also includes carbendazim powder.

10. The cutting substrate according to claim 9, wherein: The addition amount of the carbendazim powder is 0.5 - 1 g of carbendazim powder per liter of the cutting substrate.

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