Tool collision protection device of numerical control machine tool and protection method of tool collision protection device

Abstract

The cutter collision protection device comprises a cutter handle, an anti-collision protection mechanism is arranged in the cutter handle, and during cutter collision, due to the fact that a cutter is connected with the inner wall of the cutter handle through a connecting sleeve, a positioning magnetic ball in a positioning hole in the outer wall of the connecting sleeve generates extrusion force due to overload; when the positioning magnetic ball is separated from the positioning hole due to overlarge load, the generated displacement enables the L-shaped magnetic block to move together with the positioning magnetic ball in the sliding groove under the action of magnetic attraction of the positioning magnetic ball and the L-shaped magnetic block, so that the positioning of the connecting sleeve is relieved; the top end of the L-shaped magnetic block abuts against the clamping head, the clamping block is separated from the clamping head, the tension spring enables the clamping head to rapidly abut against the inner wall of the annular groove in the connecting sleeve under the combined action of tension and the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic attraction ring, and the cutter in the connecting sleeve is pulled to retract towards the interior of the cutter handle together for protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, and particularly relates to a tool collision protection device for a numerically controlled machine tool and a protection method therefor. Background Art

[0002] A tool rest with a power tool drive module added to the body of an ordinary servo tool rest or other tool rests is called a power tool rest. The numerically controlled turret tool rest is one of the core functional components on a numerically controlled lathe. Safety and stability are the primary considerations in the design and actual operation of large-scale mechanical equipment. During the actual operation of the tool rest, due to improper operation or other reasons, situations such as crashing and excessive load occur, causing damage to the tool rest motor or the gear transmission system, and even accidents. In the circuit system, "fuse" is often set to protect the safety of each circuit element on the circuit system. When the current exceeds the rated current that the fuse can withstand, the fuse melts to prevent damage to the circuit elements. Similarly, in a mechanical device, an "arrester" also needs to be installed. When the machine exceeds the predetermined rated load, the components directly or indirectly connected on the transmission chain are automatically disengaged, thereby avoiding damage to the components on the transmission chain and playing a role in overload protection. At the same time, after an overload fault occurs in the tool rest, it is often necessary to disassemble and assemble the tool rest, which consumes a lot of time and manpower.

[0003] The prior art such as the one with the publication number "CN106984995B" provides a cutting overload protection device for a numerically controlled tool rest. The protection device includes a driving side bushing, steel balls, a reset bushing, a cylindrical stopper, a left push plate, a long spring, a short spring, a long spring sleeve, a short spring sleeve, a right push plate, a driven side bushing, and an adjusting bushing. Among them, one side of the driven side bushing is connected to the driving side bushing, and the other side is connected to the adjusting bushing. The reset bushing is located outside the driven side bushing. There is a groove on the end face of the driving side bushing, and there is a first steel ball hole on the driven side bushing. The steel balls are placed in the first steel ball holes. When torque needs to be transmitted, the steel balls are pressed into the grooves of the driving side bushing by the springs.

[0004] In this solution, when overloaded, the output power of the main shaft is automatically cut off to reduce the damage to the transmission components in the equipment caused by tool collision. During actual machining, although this method can well reduce the damage to the transmission components in the equipment, since the output power of the main shaft is cut off, the cutting force of the tool on the workpiece will also disappear. At this time, if it is still in the cutting feed state, the situation of the tool squeezing the workpiece will occur, causing damage to the tool and the workpiece, and in severe cases, the workpiece may be scrapped. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool collision protection device for a numerically controlled machine tool and a protection method therefor to solve the above problems, and to overcome the defects of the prior art, as described in detail below.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tool collision protection device and a protection method for a numerically controlled machine tool provided by the present invention include a tool holder. An anti-collision protection mechanism is arranged inside the tool holder for automatically retracting the tool to protect when a tool collision occurs on the machine tool. An adjustment mechanism is arranged outside the tool holder for adjusting the automatic retraction trigger value of the tool. A chip removal mechanism is arranged below the tool holder for removing chips in the machining area of the tool during machining;

[0008] The anti-collision protection mechanism includes a connecting sleeve. The connecting sleeve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tool holder. Positioning holes are formed in the outer wall of the connecting sleeve and are distributed at 120 degrees. Adjustment grooves are respectively formed in the inner wall of the tool holder at the positions of the positioning holes. Positioning magnetic balls are arranged at the positions corresponding to the positioning holes on the inner wall of the adjustment grooves. The aperture of one end of the adjustment groove corresponding to the positioning hole is smaller than the diameter of the positioning magnetic ball. A spring is connected to one side of the positioning magnetic ball inside the adjustment groove. A retraction disc is arranged at the position above the connecting sleeve on the inner wall of the tool holder.

[0009] Preferably, a clamping rod is connected to the bottom of the retraction disc and is distributed at 120 degrees. Clamping heads are respectively connected to the bottoms of the clamping rods. Annular grooves are formed in the outer wall of the connecting sleeve at the positions of the clamping heads.

[0010] Preferably, a tension spring is connected to the top of the retraction disc, and a magnetic attraction ring is connected to the top of the tension spring.

[0011] Preferably, sliding grooves are respectively formed in the tool holder at the positions above the adjustment grooves. L-shaped magnetic blocks are slidably connected to the inner walls of the sliding grooves at the positions corresponding to the positioning magnetic balls. A clamping block is connected to the L-shaped magnetic block at the position corresponding to the clamping head, and the clamping block abuts against the corresponding clamping head.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the clamping head is arranged in an arc shape, and the clamping head does not contact the inner wall of the annular groove.

[0013] Preferably, a chuck is connected to the bottom of the connecting sleeve for inserting a tool. A locking ring is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the chuck for fixing the inserted tool.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment block. The adjustment blocks are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the adjustment grooves. An adjustment ring is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the tool holder at the position above the adjustment grooves. The conical surface at the bottom of the adjustment ring abuts against the conical surface of the adjustment block.

[0015] Preferably, linkage grooves are respectively provided at the bottom of the adjusting grooves, and linkage blocks are slidably connected to the inner walls of the linkage grooves, and the linkage blocks are connected to the adjusting blocks, and a piston cylinder is connected between the linkage blocks and the inner walls of the linkage grooves, and the inner walls of the piston cylinders are filled with detection liquid, and a liquid storage bar is connected to the outer wall of the knife handle below the adjusting groove, and the liquid storage bar is connected to the piston cylinder through a connecting tube, and scale lines are provided on the surface of the liquid storage bar, and a buoy is slidably connected to the inner wall of the liquid storage bar.

[0016] Preferably, the chip removal mechanism includes a support ring, which is connected to the bottom of the shank, the interior of the support ring is connected to fan blades, the bottom of the support ring is connected to a guide tube, and the guide tubes are distributed at a hundred and twenty degrees, and a protective net is connected to the air inlet above the support ring.

[0017] As a preference, the method comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1. Set the overload protection value. Rotate the adjustment ring connected to the outer wall of the tool handle through the thread. Use the adjustment ring to squeeze the position of the tapered surface of the adjustment block to compress the distance between the adjustment block and the positioning magnetic ball. Since the tension of the spring will change according to the degree of its own compression, the tension applied by the spring to the positioning magnetic ball can be changed to adjust the amount of force required for the positioning magnetic ball to break away from the positioning hole when overloaded. This makes it easier to adjust the trigger force value according to the hardness of the material when facing different processing materials. The harder the material, the higher the trigger value required.

[0019] Step 2: Overload protection releases the tool limit. During the machining process, if the tool load is too large due to excessive cutting volume, that is, when the tool hits the tool, the positioning magnetic ball in the positioning hole on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve will be squeezed by the overload, causing the positioning magnetic ball compression spring to retract into the adjustment groove, thereby releasing the limit on the connecting sleeve.

[0020] Step 3: Overload protection releases and tool retraction. When the positioning magnetic ball is disengaged from the positioning hole due to excessive load, the positioning magnetic ball will retract into the adjustment groove. At this time, the displacement generated, under the action of the magnetic attraction between the positioning magnetic ball and the L-shaped magnetic block, causes the top of the L-shaped magnetic block to abut against the chuck, and the chuck is disengaged from the chuck, releasing the limit on the chuck. Under the combined action of the tension of the tension spring and the magnetic attraction of the magnetic ring, the chuck quickly abuts against the inner wall of the ring groove on the connecting sleeve, and pulls the tool in the connecting sleeve back into the tool handle to avoid the tool and the workpiece from colliding again, causing secondary damage to the workpiece and the tool.

[0021] Step 4: Press the machine tool emergency brake button for maintenance.

[0022] The beneficial effects are:

[0023] 1. During the machining process of the machine tool, if the tool load is too large due to excessive tool feed cutting amount, that is, when a tool collision occurs, since the tool is connected to the inner wall of the tool holder through a connecting sleeve, the positioning magnetic ball in the positioning hole on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve is compressed by the extrusion force generated by overload, causing the positioning magnetic ball to compress the spring and retract into the adjustment groove, and detach from the positioning hole, releasing the positioning of the connecting sleeve. When all the positioning magnetic balls detach from the positioning hole due to excessive load, the positioning magnetic balls will retract into the adjustment groove. At this time, the displacement generated, under the magnetic attraction of the positioning magnetic ball and the L-shaped magnetic block, causes the L-shaped magnetic block to move together with the positioning magnetic ball in the chute, so that the top of the L-shaped magnetic block disengages from the clamping block of the chuck, releasing the limit on the chuck. Under the combined action of the pulling force of the tension spring and the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic attraction ring, the chuck quickly abuts against the inner wall of the annular groove on the connecting sleeve, and pulls the tool in the connecting sleeve to retract into the tool holder together, so as to avoid the situation of secondary damage to the workpiece and the tool caused by the tool colliding with the workpiece again.

[0024] 2. By rotating the adjusting ring threadedly connected to the outer wall of the tool holder of the present invention, the adjusting ring is pressed down. By adjusting the position of the conical surface of the adjusting block through the adjusting ring, the adjusting block slides towards the inner wall of the adjusting groove, so as to compress the distance between the adjusting block and the positioning magnetic ball. Since the tension of the spring changes according to the degree of its own compression, within a certain range, the shorter the spring is compressed, the greater the tension it can generate. By changing the magnitude of the tension exerted by the spring on the positioning magnetic ball, the magnitude of the force required for the positioning magnetic ball to disengage from the positioning hole during overload is adjusted, so as to facilitate adjusting the required force value for triggering according to the material hardness when facing different machining materials. The harder the material, the higher the required triggering value.

[0025] 3. While the machine tool spindle drives the tool in the tool holder to rotate, it also drives the fan blades in the support ring to rotate together. The rotation of the fan blades can drive the air flow, which is pressurized by the guide tube with a smaller aperture and blown towards the surface of the workpiece in the tool machining area, so as to facilitate blowing away the debris in the machining area, avoid the accumulation of debris affecting the subsequent discharge of debris, and also facilitate the staff to view the machining condition of the workpiece after the debris cleaning is completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is the overall external view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2It is an internal display diagram of the tool handle in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is an external display diagram of the connecting sleeve in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is in the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the retraction disk in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a display diagram of the connection relationship between the adjusting ring and the adjusting block in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is in the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of part B;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the chip removal mechanism in the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Tool handle; 2. Anti-collision protection mechanism; 21. Connecting sleeve; 211. Chuck; 212. Locking ring; 22. Positioning hole; 23. Adjusting groove; 24. Positioning magnetic ball; 25. Spring; 26. Slide groove; 27. L-shaped magnetic block; 271. Clamping block; 28. Retraction disk; 280. Ring groove; 281. Clamping rod; 282. Clamping head; 283. Tension spring; 284. Magnetic attraction ring; 3. Adjusting mechanism; 31. Adjusting ring; 32. Adjusting block; 33. Liquid storage strip; 331. Linkage groove; 332. Linkage block; 333. Piston cylinder; 334. Connecting pipe; 4. Chip removal mechanism; 41. Support ring; 42. Fan blade; 43. Guide pipe; 44. Protective net. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4As shown, the present invention provides a tool collision protection device for a CNC machine tool and a protection method thereof, comprising a tool handle 1, wherein an anti-collision protection mechanism 2 is arranged inside the tool handle 1, and is used to automatically retract the tool for protection when a tool collision occurs in the machine tool, and an adjustment mechanism 3 is arranged outside the tool handle 1, and is used to adjust the trigger value of the automatic retraction of the tool, and a chip removal mechanism 4 is arranged below the tool handle 1, and is used to remove chips from the tool processing area during processing, wherein the anti-collision protection mechanism 2 comprises a connecting sleeve 21, and the connecting sleeve 21 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tool handle 1, and the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 21 is connected to the inner wall of the tool handle 1. A positioning hole 22 is opened on the wall, and the positioning holes 22 are distributed at a hundred and two degrees. Adjustment grooves 23 are opened on the inner wall of the handle 1 at the positions of the positioning holes 22, and a positioning magnetic ball 24 is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting groove 23 corresponding to the position of the positioning hole 22. The aperture of one end of the adjusting groove 23 corresponding to the positioning hole 22 is smaller than the diameter of the positioning magnetic ball 24, which can prevent the positioning magnetic ball 24 from escaping from the adjusting groove 23, and a spring 25 is connected to one side of the positioning magnetic ball 24 inside the adjusting groove 23, and a retraction disk 28 is arranged on the inner wall of the handle 1 above the connecting sleeve 21.

[0039] Furthermore, during the machining process, if the tool load is too large due to excessive cutting amount of the tool feed, that is, when the tool hits the tool, since the tool is connected to the inner wall of the tool holder 1 by the connecting sleeve 21, the positioning magnetic ball 24 in the positioning hole 22 on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 21 generates an extrusion force due to the overload, causing the positioning magnetic ball 24 to compress the spring 25 and retract into the adjustment groove 23 and detach from the positioning hole 22, thereby releasing the positioning of the connecting sleeve 21, so that the connecting sleeve 21 can slide inside the tool holder 1 to retract, thereby avoiding the subsequent secondary damage to the workpiece due to the continuous operation of the machining program, resulting in scrapping. The positioning magnetic ball 24 and the positioning hole 22 adopt a spherical contact method, so that when the overall radial or axial cutting load of the tool is too large, the positioning magnetic ball 24 will detach from the positioning hole 22 due to excessive load.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7As shown, on the basis of Embodiment 1, preferably, a clamping rod 281 is connected to the bottom of the retraction disc 28, and the clamping rods 281 are distributed at an angle of 120 degrees. The bottoms of the clamping rods 281 are each connected to a clamping head 282. A ring groove 280 is formed in the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 21 at the position of the clamping head 282. A tension spring 283 is connected to the top of the retraction disc 28, and a magnetic attraction ring 284 is connected to the top of the tension spring 283. By providing the tension spring 283 and the magnetic attraction ring 284, it is convenient to provide a pulling force for the retraction disc 28 when the tool needs to be retracted urgently. At the position of the handle 1 above the adjustment groove 23, sliding grooves 26 are respectively formed. An L-shaped magnetic block 27 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 26 corresponding to the position of the positioning magnetic ball 24. A clamping block 271 is connected to the L-shaped magnetic block 27 corresponding to the position of the clamping head 282, and the clamping block 271 abuts against the corresponding clamping head 282. The bottom of the clamping head 282 is provided with an arc surface. By setting the bottom of the clamping head 282 as an arc surface, it is convenient to insert it under the clamping block 271. The bottom of the clamping head 282 does not contact the inner wall of the ring groove 280, which can avoid the pulling force generated by the tension spring 283 and the magnetic attraction ring 284 on the retraction disc 28 during normal processing from affecting the connecting sleeve 21. The bottom of the connecting sleeve 21 is connected with a chuck 211 for inserting the tool, and a locking ring 212 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the chuck 211 for fixing the inserted tool.

[0042] Furthermore, when the positioning magnetic balls 24 are all separated from the positioning holes 22 due to excessive load, the positioning magnetic balls 24 will retract into the adjustment groove 23. At this time, due to the displacement generated, under the magnetic attraction of the positioning magnetic balls 24 and the L-shaped magnetic blocks 27, the L-shaped magnetic blocks 27 move together with the positioning magnetic balls 24 in the sliding grooves 26, so that the top of the L-shaped magnetic block 27 abuts against the clamping head 282 and the clamping block 271 disengages from the clamping head 282, releasing the limit on the clamping head 282. Under the combined action of the pulling force of the tension spring 283 and the magnetic attraction force of the magnetic attraction ring 284, the clamping head 282 quickly abuts against the inner wall of the ring groove 280 on the connecting sleeve 21, and pulls the tool in the connecting sleeve 21 to retract into the handle 1 together, so as to avoid the situation of secondary damage to the workpiece and the tool caused by the tool colliding with the workpiece again.

[0043] Embodiment 3

[0044] See Figure 4 、 Figure 6 As shown, on the basis of Embodiment 1, preferably, the adjusting mechanism 3 includes an adjusting block 32. The adjusting blocks 32 are respectively slidably connected to the inner wall of the adjustment groove 23. An adjusting ring 31 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the handle 1 at the position above the adjustment groove 23. By providing the adjusting ring 31, it is convenient to adjust the tension of the spring 25 on the positioning magnetic ball 24, that is, to adjust the force required for the positioning magnetic ball 24 to separate from the positioning hole 22. The position of the conical surface at the bottom of the adjusting ring 31 abuts against the position of the conical surface of the adjusting block 32. The stability of the contact surface can be ensured by the abutment of the conical surfaces.

[0045] Furthermore, by rotating the adjusting ring 31 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the tool handle 1, the adjusting ring 31 is pressed downward, and the adjusting ring 31 squeezes the position of the conical surface of the adjusting block 32, so that the adjusting block 32 slides toward the inner wall of the adjusting groove 23 to compress the distance between the adjusting block 32 and the positioning magnetic ball 24. Since the tension of the spring 25 will change according to the degree of its own compression, the shorter the spring 25 is compressed within a certain range, the greater the tension it can generate. By changing the tension applied by the spring 25 to the positioning magnetic ball 24, the amount of force required for the positioning magnetic ball 24 to disengage from the positioning hole 22 when overloaded is adjusted, so that when facing different processing materials, the force value required for triggering can be adjusted according to the hardness of the material. The harder the material, the higher the required trigger value.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] See also Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, on the basis of Example 3, preferably, a linkage groove 331 is respectively opened at the bottom of the adjusting groove 23, and the inner wall of the linkage groove 331 is slidably connected with a linkage block 332, and the linkage block 332 is connected to the adjusting block 32, and the position between the linkage block 332 and the inner wall of the linkage groove 331 is connected with a piston cylinder 333. By setting the linkage block 332, the piston cylinder 333 can be synchronously compressed with the compression spring 25, and the inner wall of the piston cylinder 333 is filled with detection liquid. The outer wall of the shank 1 is connected with a liquid storage bar 33 at a position below the adjusting groove 23. The liquid storage bar 33 is connected to the piston cylinder 333 through a connecting tube 334, and the detection liquid is filled through the inner wall of the piston cylinder 333, so that the compression value of the spring 25 can be intuitively displayed through the liquid storage bar 33 for the convenience of observation by the staff. The surface of the liquid storage bar 33 is provided with scale lines, and the inner wall of the liquid storage bar 33 is slidably connected with a buoy.

[0048] Furthermore, when the spring 25 is compressed by the adjusting block 32, the linkage block 332 will also follow the movement of the adjusting block 32 to compress the piston cylinder 333 synchronously, so that the detection liquid in the piston cylinder 333 is squeezed from the piston cylinder 333 into the liquid storage bar 33 through the connecting tube 334, and lifts the float in the liquid bar 33, causing the float to rise. The value of the position of the scale line corresponding to the float, that is, the value of the tool overload protection, is intuitively displayed for the convenience of the staff to view and adjust.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] See also Figure 1 , Figure 8As shown, on the basis of Example 1, preferably, the chip removal mechanism 4 includes a support ring 41, the support ring 41 is connected to the bottom of the shank 1, the interior of the support ring 41 is connected to a fan blade 42, the bottom of the support ring 41 is connected to a guide tube 43, and the guide tube 43 is distributed at a hundred and twenty degrees, and a protective net 44 is connected to the upper air inlet of the support ring 41.

[0051] Furthermore, when the machine tool spindle drives the tool in the tool holder 1 to rotate, it will also drive the fan blades 42 in the support ring 41 to rotate together. The rotation of the fan blades 42 can drive air flow, which is pressurized through the guide tube 43 with a smaller aperture and blown toward the surface of the workpiece in the tool processing area, so as to facilitate the removal of debris in the processing area and avoid debris accumulation that affects the subsequent discharge of debris. After the debris is cleaned, it is also convenient for the staff to check the status of the workpiece processing.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] See also Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0054] Step 1, set the overload protection value, by rotating the adjusting ring 31 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the tool handle 1, the adjusting ring 31 is pressed down, and the adjusting ring 31 squeezes the position of the conical surface of the adjusting block 32, so that the adjusting block 32 slides toward the inner wall of the adjusting groove 23 to compress the distance between the adjusting block 32 and the positioning magnetic ball 24. Since the tension of the spring 25 will change according to the degree of its own compression, the shorter the spring 25 is compressed within a certain range, the greater the tension it can generate. By changing the size of the tension applied by the spring 25 to the positioning magnetic ball 24, the amount of time required for the positioning magnetic ball 24 to disengage from the positioning hole 22 when overloaded is adjusted. It is convenient to adjust the trigger force value according to the hardness of the material when facing different processing materials. The harder the material, the higher the trigger value required. When the spring 25 is compressed by the adjustment block 32, the linkage block 332 will also follow the movement of the adjustment block 32 to compress the piston cylinder 333 synchronously, so that the detection liquid in the piston cylinder 333 is squeezed from the piston cylinder 333 through the connecting tube 334 into the liquid storage bar 33, and the float in the liquid bar 33 is lifted, so that the float rises. The value of the position of the float corresponding to the scale line, that is, the value of the tool overload protection, is intuitively displayed for the convenience of the staff to view and adjust;

[0055] Step 2: Overload protection releases the tool limit. During the machining process of the machine tool, if the tool load is too large due to excessive tool feed cutting amount, that is, when a tool collision occurs, since the tool is connected to the inner wall of the tool holder 1 through the connecting sleeve 21, the positioning magnetic ball 24 in the positioning hole 22 on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 21 is compressed by the extrusion force generated by the overload, causing the positioning magnetic ball 24 to compress the spring 25 and retract into the adjustment groove 23, and disengaging from the positioning hole 22, releasing the positioning of the connecting sleeve 21, so that the connecting sleeve 21 can slide and retract inside the tool holder 1;

[0056] Step 3: Overload protection releases the tool retraction. When the positioning magnetic ball 24 disengages from the positioning hole 22 due to excessive load, the positioning magnetic ball 24 retracts into the adjustment groove 23. At this time, the displacement generated causes the L-shaped magnetic block 27 to move together with the positioning magnetic ball 24 in the sliding groove 26 under the magnetic attraction of the positioning magnetic ball 24 and the L-shaped magnetic block 27, so that the top of the L-shaped magnetic block 27 abuts against the clamping block 271 of the chuck 282 and disengages from the chuck 282, releasing the limit on the chuck 282. Under the combined action of the pulling force of the tension spring 283 and the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attraction ring 284, the chuck 282 quickly abuts against the inner wall of the annular groove 280 on the connecting sleeve 21, and pulls the tool inside the connecting sleeve 21 to retract into the tool holder 1 together, so as to avoid the situation of secondary damage to the workpiece and the tool caused by the tool colliding with the workpiece again;

[0057] Step 4: Press the emergency brake button of the machine tool for maintenance.

[0058] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

Claims

1. A tool collision protection device for a numerical control machine tool, characterized in that, It includes a tool shank (1). An anti-collision protection mechanism (2) is arranged inside the tool shank (1) for automatically retracting the tool to provide protection when a tool collision occurs on the machine tool. An adjustment mechanism (3) is arranged outside the tool shank (1) for adjusting the automatic retraction trigger value of the tool. A chip removal mechanism (4) is arranged below the tool shank (1) for removing chips in the machining area of the tool during machining; Among them, the anti-collision protection mechanism (2) includes a connecting sleeve (21). The connecting sleeve (21) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tool shank (1). Positioning holes (22) are formed on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (21), and the positioning holes (22) are distributed at 102 degrees. Adjustment grooves (23) are respectively formed on the inner wall of the tool shank (1) at the positions of the positioning holes (22). Positioning magnetic balls (24) are arranged on the inner wall of the adjustment grooves (23) corresponding to the positions of the positioning holes (22). The aperture of one end of the adjustment groove (23) corresponding to the positioning hole (22) is smaller than the diameter of the positioning magnetic ball (24). A spring (25) is connected to one side of the positioning magnetic ball (24) inside the adjustment groove (23). A retraction disc (28) is arranged at the position above the connecting sleeve (21) on the inner wall of the tool shank (1).

2. The collision protection device for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: A clamping rod (281) is connected to the bottom of the retraction disc (28), and the clamping rods (281) are distributed at 102 degrees. Clamping heads (282) are connected to the bottoms of the clamping rods (281). Ring grooves (280) are formed on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (21) at the positions of the clamping heads (282).

3. The collision protection device for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: A tension spring (283) is connected to the top of the retraction disc (28), and a magnetic attraction ring (284) is connected to the top of the tension spring (283).

4. The collision protection device for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein: Chute grooves (26) are respectively formed on the outer wall of the tool shank (1) above the adjustment grooves (23). L-shaped magnetic blocks (27) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the chute grooves (26) corresponding to the positions of the positioning magnetic balls (24). A clamping block (271) is connected to the L-shaped magnetic block (27) corresponding to the position of the clamping head (282), and the clamping block (271) abuts against the corresponding clamping head (282).

5. The collision protection device for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the clamping head (282) is arranged in an arc shape, and the clamping head (282) does not contact the inner wall of the ring groove (280).

6. The collision protection device for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chuck (211) is connected to the bottom of the connecting sleeve (21) for inserting the tool. A locking ring (212) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the chuck (211) for fixing the inserted tool.

7. The collision protection device for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: The adjustment mechanism (3) includes an adjustment block (32). The adjustment blocks (32) are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the adjustment grooves (23). An adjustment ring (31) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the tool shank (1) above the adjustment grooves (23). The position of the conical surface at the bottom of the adjustment ring (31) abuts against the position of the conical surface of the adjustment block (32).

8. The collision protection device for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the adjusting groove (23) is respectively provided with a linkage groove (331), the inner wall of the linkage groove (331) is slidably connected with a linkage block (332), and the linkage block (332) is connected to the adjusting block (32), the position between the linkage block (332) and the inner wall of the linkage groove (331) is connected with a piston cylinder (333), the inner wall of the piston cylinder (333) is filled with a detection liquid, the outer wall of the handle (1) is connected with a liquid storage bar (33) at a position below the adjusting groove (23), the liquid storage bar (33) is connected with the piston cylinder (333) through a connecting pipe (334), the surface of the liquid storage bar (33) is provided with scale lines, and the inner wall of the liquid storage bar (33) is slidably connected with a float.

9. The collision protection device for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip removal mechanism (4) comprises a support ring (41), wherein the support ring (41) is connected to the bottom of the knife handle (1), the interior of the support ring (41) is connected to a fan blade (42), the bottom of the support ring (41) is connected to a guide tube (43), and the guide tube (43) is distributed at a 120-degree angle, and a protective net (44) is connected to the air inlet above the support ring (41).

10. A tool collision protection method for a numerical control machine tool, which is applied to the tool collision protection device of any one of the above-mentioned numerical control machine tools in claims 1-9, and is characterized in that, The steps include: Step 1, setting the overload protection value, by rotating the adjustment ring (31) threadedly connected to the outer wall of the tool handle (1), the adjustment ring (31) squeezes the position of the conical surface of the adjustment block (32) to compress the distance between the adjustment block (32) and the positioning magnetic ball (24), because the tension of the spring (25) will change according to the degree of its own compression, by changing the size of the tension applied by the spring (25) to the positioning magnetic ball (24), the positioning magnetic ball (24) is adjusted to be separated from the positioning hole (22) when overloaded, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the triggering force value according to the hardness of the material when facing different processing materials, and the harder the material, the higher the triggering value required; Step 2: Overload protection releases the tool limit. During the machining process, if the tool feed cutting amount is too large, resulting in excessive tool load, i.e., when the tool hits the tool, the positioning magnetic ball (24) in the positioning hole (22) on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (21) generates an extrusion force due to the overload, causing the positioning magnetic ball (24) to compress the spring (25) and retract into the adjustment groove (23), thereby releasing the limit on the connecting sleeve (21); Step 3, overload protection is released and the tool is retracted. When the positioning magnetic ball (24) is separated from the positioning hole (22) due to excessive load, the positioning magnetic ball (24) will retract into the adjustment groove (23). At this time, the displacement generated, under the action of the magnetic attraction between the positioning magnetic ball (24) and the L-shaped magnetic block (27), causes the top of the L-shaped magnetic block (27) and the clamping head (282) to abut against the clamping block (271) and separate from the clamping head (282), thereby releasing the limit on the clamping head (282). Under the combined action of the tension of the tension spring (283) and the magnetic attraction of the magnetic ring (284), the clamping head (282) quickly abuts against the inner wall of the annular groove (280) on the connecting sleeve (21), and pulls the tool in the connecting sleeve (21) back into the tool handle (1) to avoid the tool and the workpiece from colliding again and causing secondary damage to the workpiece and the tool. Step 4: Press the emergency stop button of the machine tool for maintenance.

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