Vertical axis fluid kinetic energy generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical axis fluid kinetic energy generator, which comprises a central fixed shaft, a central rotating shaft, at least three groups of blade frames, rotatable blades, blade frame connectors, a gear set and a generator, and is characterized in that the at least three groups of blade frames are uniformly fixed on the central rotating shaft along the circumferential direction of the central rotating shaft; blades on the two sides of a blade rotating shaft of the rotatable blades are symmetrically arranged relative to the blade rotating shaft, each blade frame comprises a plurality of blade mounting layers which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, and a plurality of rotatable blades are mounted in each blade mounting layer; the rotatable blades in every two adjacent blade mounting layers are in one-to-one correspondence up and down, blade rotating shafts of the rotatable blades are connected through couplings, the corresponding rotatable blades in the blade mounting layers form rotating blade sets, and driving motors connected with the rotating blade sets are mounted on the blade frames. When the fluid kinetic energy is too large, the fluid kinetic energy received by the blades can be reduced, the generator is always in a full-load state, and the situation that the power limit of the generator is exceeded and the generator is damaged is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid kinetic energy power generation, and particularly to a vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator. Background Art

[0002] In the field of wind power generation or tidal current energy power generation, improving the efficiency of generators and increasing the single-unit power are important means to reduce the current power generation cost. Horizontal-axis wind energy or tidal current energy generators mainly achieve this by optimizing the blade profile design, improving the efficiency of the blades in capturing fluids (wind or water flow), increasing the length of the generator blades to increase the wind or hydraulic torque, and increasing the fluid capture area.

[0003] Theoretically, wind power generation and tidal current energy power generation are to generate electricity with the kinetic energy of fluids. The more fluids participating in power generation, the higher the power generation and the more electricity generated. That is to say, the larger the area of the blades capturing fluids, the greater the kinetic energy of the fluids and the more electricity generated. Therefore, large-area blades are an important means for wind energy or tidal current energy generators to increase the power generation. However, due to many limitations of factors such as theory, design, technology, and materials, the design of three slender blades of horizontal-axis fluid kinetic energy generators is doomed to a small area of the blades capturing fluids, resulting in a small power generation. In addition, since the rotation direction of the blades of horizontal-axis fluid kinetic energy generators forms a ninety-degree angle with the fluid incoming flow direction, according to the principle of force decomposition, theoretically, the kinetic energy conversion rate of the unit effective area of the blades should be less than fifty percent when the blade design is optimized to the best state.

[0004] Vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy power generation has received special attention from the wind power industry and the tidal current energy power generation industry at the beginning of this century due to the particularity of its large-area blades. Due to the particularity of the large-area blades of vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generators, their area can reach more than ten times that of horizontal-axis wind energy or tidal current energy generators, and the fluid flow direction is consistent with the blade rotation direction, making the kinetic energy conversion rate of the fluid higher. It is estimated that theoretically, the kinetic energy conversion rate of the fluid can reach more than eighty percent. Therefore, based on these two major characteristics, as long as the design is appropriate, compared with horizontal-axis fluid kinetic energy generators, vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy power generation will become a disruptive technology in the field of fluid kinetic energy power generation. Therefore, the research on vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy power generation still receives a lot of attention in society.

[0005] In the prior art, in four patent applications with application numbers CN90219658.8, titled "Fluid Power Conversion Device", CN201610411548.4, titled "A Gate-Type Wind or Water Power Impeller", CN202011082025.2, titled "A Movable Wind Blade Power Generation Structure", and CN202410003669.X, titled "A Vertical Wind Energy Utilization Device with Dynamically Changed Wind Blade Direction", the outer sides of the wind blades, air doors, gate leaves, and blades mentioned in these four patent applications are all fixed to a horizontal blade frame extending outward on a central rotating shaft in a connection manner of a shaft system or hinge. The shapes of these four patents are similar and their principles are the same. According to the fluid flow direction, the blades on one side of the central rotating shaft achieve a full wind (water flow) capture state, while on the other side of the central rotating shaft, the blade direction is automatically changed by the wind force (water flow power) to make the blades in a downwind (fluid flow direction) state, reducing the resistance of the fluid to the blades to the minimum and improving the vertical axis fluid kinetic energy power generation efficiency to the optimal state.

[0006] However, in the above four patents, when the impeller rotates, when any one of the four groups of blades is opened, centrifugal force will be generated, and the centrifugal force will cause the blade to move outward along the blade axis, thereby increasing the fluid resistance, reducing the kinetic energy difference between the two sides of the central rotating shaft, and when the blade rotates to the position where it needs to return to close to the blade frame, it cannot return.

[0007] In order to reduce the blade centrifugal force, in the patent application with application number CN202211741799.0, titled "Large Vertical Axis Rotatable Blade Wind Turbine", the blades on both sides of the blade axis are set to be asymmetrical, and such a design eliminates part of the blade centrifugal force. However, in the working condition of extremely high wind speed, that is, when the kinetic energy generated by the wind speed exceeds the limit that the maximum power of the generator can withstand, the kinetic energy of the fan cannot be reduced, and thus damage caused by exceeding the power limit of the motor will occur. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical axis fluid kinetic energy generator to solve the problems existing in the above prior art. When the fluid kinetic energy is too large, it can reduce the fluid kinetic energy received by the blades, keep the generator always in a full load state, and avoid damaging the generator due to exceeding the power limit of the generator.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0010] The present invention provides a vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator, which includes a central fixed shaft, a central rotating shaft, a blade holder, rotatable blades, a blade holder connector, a gear set and a generator. At least three groups of the blade holders are circumferentially and uniformly fixed on the central rotating shaft along the central rotating shaft. The blades on both sides of the blade rotating shaft of the rotatable blade are symmetrically arranged with respect to the blade rotation axis. Each of the blade holders includes a plurality of blade mounting layers distributed successively from top to bottom. A plurality of the rotatable blades are mounted in each of the blade mounting layers. The rotatable blades in the same layer are arranged successively along the radial direction of the central rotating shaft. The rotatable blades in two adjacent blade mounting layers are respectively in one-to-one correspondence up and down. The blade rotating shafts of the corresponding rotatable blades in two adjacent blade mounting layers are connected by a coupling. The corresponding rotatable blades in each of the blade mounting layers form a rotating blade group. A driving motor connected to each of the rotating blade groups is mounted on the blade holder.

[0011] Preferably, each of the driving motors is mounted at the upper end or the lower end of the blade holder. When the driving motor is mounted at the upper end of the blade holder, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the upper end of the blade rotating shaft of the uppermost rotatable blade. When the driving motor is mounted at the lower end of the blade holder, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the lower end of the blade rotating shaft of the lowermost rotatable blade.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the blade rotating shaft of the uppermost rotatable blade is connected to a first bearing seat through a first bearing, and the first bearing seat is fixed on the blade holder.

[0013] Preferably, the lower ends of the blade rotating shafts of each layer of the rotatable blades are connected to a second bearing seat through a bearing group. The second bearing seat is fixed on the blade holder. The bearing group includes a second ball bearing and a plain bearing distributed up and down. The plain bearing is used to support the rotatable blade on the blade holder.

[0014] Preferably, the first bearing is a ball bearing.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a blade holder connector. Every two adjacent blade holders in the same horizontal plane are connected by the blade holder connector.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes semi-circular fixed blades. A plurality of the semi-circular fixed blades are mounted in each of the blade mounting layers. The semi-circular fixed blades in the same layer are arranged successively along the radial direction of the central rotating shaft and are alternately distributed with the rotatable blades. The semi-circular fixed blades in two adjacent blade mounting layers are respectively in one-to-one correspondence up and down. The symmetric center plane of the semi-circular fixed blade passing through its axis is perpendicular to the plane where the blade holder is located.

[0017] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] For the vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator provided by the present invention, the blades on both sides of the blade rotation axis of the rotatable blades are symmetrically arranged with respect to the blade rotation axis. The rotatable blades can rotate 360 degrees. When the fluid kinetic energy is too large, according to the fluid flow direction and flow rate, the driving motor can rotate the rotatable blades on the right side of the central rotation axis to the state along the fluid flow direction, so that the total fluid capture area of the blades on the right side of the central rotation axis is reduced, or the driving motor can rotate the rotatable blades on the left side of the central rotation axis to the state along the fluid flow direction, so that the total fluid capture area of the blades on the left side of the central rotation axis is reduced, reducing the fluid kinetic energy received by the blades, enabling the generator to always be in a full-load state, and avoiding damaging the generator due to exceeding the power limit of the generator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator in the embodiment of the present invention when the rotatable blades on the right side of the central rotation axis are rotated to the state along the fluid flow direction;

[0022] Figure 3 For Figure 1 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0023] Figure 4 For Figure 1 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B in

[0024] Figure 5 For Figure 1 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part C in

[0025] In the figure: 1 - blade frame, 2 - rotatable blade, 3 - slewing bearing, 4 - first ball bearing, 5 - gear set, 6 - generator, 7 - central fixed shaft, 8 - central rotation axis, 9 - semi-circular fixed blade, 10 - blade rotation axis, 11 - first bearing seat, 12 - first bearing, 13 - second bearing seat, 14 - fixing bolt, 15 - coupling, 16 - blade frame connector, 17 - second ball bearing, 18 - plain bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator to solve the problems existing in the prior art. When the fluid kinetic energy is too large, it can reduce the fluid kinetic energy received by the blades, so that the generator is always in a full-load state, avoiding damage to the generator due to exceeding the power limit of the generator.

[0028] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] As Figures 1 - 5 shown, this embodiment provides a vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator, including a central fixed shaft 7, a central rotating shaft 8, a blade holder 1, rotatable blades 2, a gear set 5, and a generator 6. The central rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the central fixed shaft 7 through a slewing bearing 3 and a first ball bearing 4. The bottom of the central rotating shaft 8 is connected to the generator 6 through the gear set 5. At least three groups of blade holders 1 are evenly fixed on the central rotating shaft 8 along the circumferential direction of the central rotating shaft 8. In this embodiment, there are four groups of blade holders 1. The blades on both sides of the blade rotating shaft 10 of the rotatable blade 2 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the blade rotating shaft 10. Each blade holder 1 includes a plurality of blade mounting layers distributed successively up and down. In this embodiment, there are three blade mounting layers. A plurality of rotatable blades 2 are installed in each blade mounting layer. Specifically, in this embodiment, two rotatable blades 2 are installed in each blade mounting layer. The rotatable blades 2 in the same layer are arranged successively in the radial direction of the central rotating shaft 8. The rotatable blades 2 in adjacent two blade mounting layers are respectively corresponding up and down. The blade rotating shafts 10 of the corresponding rotatable blades 2 in adjacent two blade mounting layers are connected through a coupling 15. The corresponding rotatable blades 2 in each blade mounting layer form a rotating blade group. A driving motor connected to each rotating blade group is installed on the blade holder 1.

[0030] The vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator provided in this embodiment symmetrically arranges the blades on both sides of the blade rotation axis 10 of the rotatable blade 2 with respect to the blade rotation axis 10. The rotatable blade 2 can rotate 360 degrees. When the fluid kinetic energy is too large, according to the fluid flow direction and velocity, the drive motor can rotate the part of the rotatable blade 2 on the right side of the central rotation axis 8 to the state along the fluid flow direction, so that the total fluid capture area of the blades on the right side of the central rotation axis 8 is reduced, the fluid kinetic energy received by the blades is decreased, and the generator 6 is always in a full-load state, avoiding damage to the generator 6 due to exceeding the power limit of the generator 6. During use, the number of groups of the blade frames 1 can be set according to the actual situation, not limited to the four groups in this embodiment. For example, the number of groups of the blade frames 1 can also be set to 3 groups.

[0031] In this embodiment, each drive motor is installed at the upper end or the lower end of the blade frame 1. When the drive motor is installed at the upper end of the blade frame 1, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the upper end of the blade rotation axis 10 of the uppermost rotatable blade 2. When the drive motor is installed at the lower end of the blade frame 1, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the lower end of the blade rotation axis 10 of the lowermost rotatable blade 2. The installation position of the drive motor can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0032] In this embodiment, the upper end of the blade rotation axis 10 of the uppermost rotatable blade 2 is connected to the first bearing seat 11 through the first bearing 12. The first bearing 12 is a ball bearing, and the first bearing seat 11 is fixed to the blade frame 1 through the fixing bolt 14.

[0033] In this embodiment, the lower ends of the blade rotation axes 10 of each layer of rotatable blades 2 are connected to the second bearing seat 13 through a bearing group. The second bearing seat 13 is fixed to the blade frame 1 through the fixing bolt 14. The bearing group includes the second ball bearing 17 and the plain bearing 18 distributed up and down. The second ball bearing 17 is responsible for the rotation of the rotatable blade 2, and the plain bearing 18 is used to support the rotatable blade 2 on the blade frame 1 and bear the weight of the rotatable blade 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, a blade frame connector 16 is further included. Every two adjacent blade frames 1 on the same horizontal plane are connected through the blade frame connector 16. The blade frame connector 16 is made of a material without elasticity, high strength, light weight and durability. By connecting each blade frame 1 through the blade frame connector 16, when the fluid pushes one group of blade frames 1 to rotate, the other groups of blade frames 1 are simultaneously stressed, eliminating the lateral force generated on the central rotation axis 8 when the fluid pushes one blade frame 1, and jointly pushing the central rotation axis 8 to rotate, improving the kinetic energy conversion rate.

[0035] In this embodiment, it further includes semi-circular fixed vanes 9. A plurality of semi-circular fixed vanes 9 are installed in each vane installation layer. Specifically, in this embodiment, two semi-circular fixed vanes 9 are installed in each vane installation layer. The semi-circular fixed vanes 9 in the same layer are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the central rotation axis 8 and are alternately distributed with the rotatable vanes 2; the semi-circular fixed vanes 9 in two adjacent vane installation layers are respectively in one-to-one correspondence up and down; the symmetry central plane passing through the axis of the semi-circular fixed vane 9 is perpendicular to the plane where the vane frame 1 is located. The semi-circular fixed vanes 9 mainly play a role in stabilizing the upper and lower structures of the vane frame 1. Several layers of semi-circular partitions are arranged up and down inside the semi-circular fixed vanes 9. The concave surface of the semi-circular fixed vane 9 faces the oncoming flow. When the fluid flows towards the concave surface of the semi-circular fixed vane 9, the concave surface and the semi-circular partitions will increase the pressure of the fluid on the concave surface of the vane; at the same time, the convex surface of the semi-circular fixed vane 9 on the other side of the central rotation axis 8 and in the same vertical plane faces the oncoming flow. When the fluid flows towards the convex surface of the semi-circular fixed vane 9, the fluid will dissipate at the fastest speed and with the least pressure.

[0036] As Figure 2 shown, the concave surface of the semi-circular fixed vane 9 in this embodiment faces the same side of the vane frame 1 where it is located. In this case, each vane frame 1 rotates clockwise around the central fixed axis 7. When the fluid kinetic energy is too large, the drive motor can rotate the rotatable vanes 2 on the right side of the central rotation axis 8 to the state along the fluid flow direction, so that the total fluid capture area of the vanes on the right side of the central rotation axis 8 is reduced, and the fluid kinetic energy received by the vanes is reduced.

[0037] When the concave surface of the semi-circular fixed vane 9 faces the other side of the vane frame 1 where it is located, each vane frame 1 rotates counterclockwise around the central fixed axis 7. In this case, when the fluid kinetic energy is too large, the drive motor can rotate the rotatable vanes 2 on the left side of the central rotation axis 8 to the state along the fluid flow direction, so that the total fluid capture area of the vanes on the left side of the central rotation axis 8 is reduced, and the fluid kinetic energy received by the vanes is reduced.

[0038] Due to the high efficiency of the vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator provided by the present invention, it is applicable to the onshore wind power generation field, more suitable for the offshore wind power generation field, and also applicable to the wind power generation of large ocean ships and the tidal current energy generation field.

[0039] In the present invention, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator, comprising a central fixed shaft, a central rotating shaft, a blade holder, rotatable blades, a gear set, and a generator, characterized in that: At least three groups of the blade frames are circumferentially and uniformly fixed on the central rotating shaft along the central rotating shaft. The blades on both sides of the blade rotating shaft of the rotatable blade are symmetrically arranged with respect to the blade rotation axis. Each of the blade frames includes a plurality of blade mounting layers sequentially distributed up and down. A plurality of the rotatable blades are installed in each of the blade mounting layers. The rotatable blades in the same layer are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the central rotating shaft. The rotatable blades in two adjacent blade mounting layers are respectively in one-to-one correspondence up and down. The blade rotating shafts of the corresponding rotatable blades in two adjacent blade mounting layers are connected by a coupling. The corresponding rotatable blades in each of the blade mounting layers form a rotating blade group. A driving motor connected to each of the rotating blade groups is installed on the blade frame.

2. The vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the driving motors is installed at the upper end or the lower end of the blade frame. When the driving motor is installed at the upper end of the blade frame, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the upper end of the blade rotating shaft of the uppermost rotatable blade. When the driving motor is installed at the lower end of the blade frame, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the lower end of the blade rotating shaft of the lowermost rotatable blade.

3. The vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the blade rotating shaft of the uppermost rotatable blade is connected to a first bearing seat through a first bearing. The first bearing seat is fixed on the blade frame.

4. The vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator according to claim 3, wherein: The lower ends of the blade rotating shafts of the rotatable blades in each layer are connected to a second bearing seat through a bearing group. The second bearing seat is fixed on the blade frame. The bearing group includes a second ball bearing and a plain bearing distributed up and down. The plain bearing is used to support the rotatable blade on the blade frame.

5. The vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator according to claim 3, wherein: The first bearing is a ball bearing.

6. The vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a blade frame connector. Every two adjacent blade frames in the same horizontal plane are connected through the blade frame connector.

7. The vertical-axis fluid kinetic energy generator according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes semi-circular fixed blades. A plurality of the semi-circular fixed blades are installed in each of the blade mounting layers. The semi-circular fixed blades in the same layer are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the central rotating shaft and are alternately distributed with the rotatable blades. The semi-circular fixed blades in two adjacent blade mounting layers are respectively in one-to-one correspondence up and down. The symmetric center plane passing through the axis of the semi-circular fixed blade is perpendicular to the plane where the blade frame is located.

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