Electromagnetic wave-based silkworm cocoon moisture content detection system and method

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of silkworm cocoon detection, and provides a silkworm cocoon moisture content detection system and method based on electromagnetic waves, and the system comprises a multi-band electromagnetic wave generation module, an electromagnetic sensor module and a control unit which are arranged in a silkworm cocoon moisture content detection device on the hardware level; an internal environment compensation unit, a pupa interference elimination unit and a calibration unit are arranged in the control unit on the software level; the multi-band electromagnetic wave generation module comprises a programmable frequency synthesis unit and an annular electrode array; the electromagnetic sensor module comprises an electromagnetic wave detector matched with the annular electrode array and an environment detection compensation module; the pupa interference elimination unit comprises a multi-band dielectric feature separation calculation unit and a multi-band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying difference calculation unit. Therefore, according to the method, the interference of reflected signals of pupa bodies can be eliminated, accurate detection of the moisture content of cocoon shells is realized, meanwhile, silkworm cocoon shells do not need to be damaged in the whole detection process, and the method has very high practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention is applicable to the technical field of cocoon moisture content detection, and provides a cocoon moisture content detection system and method based on electromagnetic waves. Background Art

[0002] The moisture content of cocoons is a core indicator for evaluating the quality, storage stability, and processing performance of cocoons. In the links of cocoon purchase, processing, and trade, accurately measuring the moisture content of cocoons is of crucial significance for quality control, pricing, and optimization of subsequent technological processes. As a natural protein fiber package, the internal moisture content of cocoons directly affects the physical properties and chemical stability of silk. If the moisture content is too high, cocoons are prone to mildew due to the growth of microorganisms during storage, and at the same time, abnormal dissolution of sericin may occur due to excessive moisture absorption during the reeling process, reducing the strength and uniformity of raw silk. If the moisture content is too low, silk fibers are prone to embrittlement, resulting in an increase in the breakage rate during the reeling process and affecting the quality of the finished silk.

[0003] Currently, the detection devices and methods for cocoon moisture content mainly include traditional oven method, near-infrared spectroscopy method, single-frequency capacitance method, and microwave transmission method, etc. The traditional oven method calculates the moisture content by drying the cocoon sample at high temperature and weighing the mass loss, but the detection cycle is long and it is a destructive detection; the near-infrared spectroscopy method utilizes the absorption characteristics of water molecules in the near-infrared band to achieve rapid non-destructive detection, but it is easily interfered by environmental factors or the wax layer on the surface of cocoons, and the detection accuracy is unstable; the single-frequency capacitance method utilizes the correlation between the dielectric constant of cocoons and the moisture content, and deduces the moisture content through the change of capacitance value, but the detection depth is relatively shallow, unable to penetrate the cocoon layer, and is also easily interfered by the moisture content of pupae; the microwave transmission method utilizes the interaction between microwaves and moisture during the penetration of cocoons, and measures the attenuation and phase change of microwaves to estimate the moisture content. It is easily affected by physical structure factors such as cocoon layer thickness and density, and the equipment is bulky and difficult to integrate into the production line.

[0004] Based on the above, the existing detection devices and methods for cocoon moisture content cannot simultaneously take into account detection efficiency, accuracy, and universality. The present invention proposes a high-efficiency, accurate, and non-destructive cocoon moisture content detection device and method based on electromagnetic waves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cocoon moisture content detection system and method based on electromagnetic waves, aiming to solve the problems raised in the background art. This system includes a multi-band electromagnetic wave generation module, an electromagnetic sensor module, and a control unit provided in the cocoon moisture content detection device at the hardware level; the control unit has an internal environment compensation unit, a pupa interference elimination unit, and a calibration unit at the software level; The multi-band electromagnetic wave generation module includes a programmable frequency synthesis unit and a ring electrode array; The electromagnetic sensor module includes an electromagnetic wave detector and an environment detection and compensation module which are arranged in cooperation with the annular electrode array; The pupa body interference elimination unit includes a multi-band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit and a multi-band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying differential calculation unit.

[0006] Furthermore, the annular electrode array includes several groups of electromagnetic wave emitting electrodes forming an annular array.

[0007] Furthermore, the cocoon moisture content detection device includes a detection bowl, the annular electrode array is embedded on the inner side surface of the detection bowl, a rotatable placement tray is installed in the detection bowl, and a sealing cover is installed on the top of the detection bowl.

[0008] Furthermore, the environment detection and compensation module includes multiple sensors for detecting and collecting the temperature, humidity and air pressure values inside the detection bowl, and also includes an air circuit system for controlling the temperature, humidity and air pressure values inside the detection bowl.

[0009] Furthermore, the air circuit system includes a vacuum pipeline system capable of evacuating the gas inside the detection bowl and a drying pipeline system capable of filling the detection bowl with constant temperature and dry gas.

[0010] A method for detecting the moisture content of cocoons based on electromagnetic waves includes the following steps: S1. Extract a certain number of samples and perform pre-treatment; S2. Detect and adjust the temperature, humidity and air pressure inside the box to ensure stable environmental parameters; S3. Perform an initial measurement of the moisture content of the cocoon shell and record the result to obtain electromagnetic wave signal data; S4. Obtain the initial measurement result of the moisture content of the cocoon shell through multi-band dielectric characteristic separation; S5. Perform vacuum drying treatment and measure the moisture content result of the cocoon shell of the treated sample, and this process is repeated multiple times; S6. Compose the moisture content data of the cocoon shell obtained from multiple measurements into a data set, and establish a mathematical model through linear regression fitting; S7. Compare the established mathematical model with the standard model in the database and calculate the interference difference; S8. Correct the initial measurement data and record the result; S9. Compare the data result with the reference data in the standard cocoon database and perform further correction.

[0011] Furthermore, the measurement stage of step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S3.1. Use a multi-band electromagnetic wave sweep signal to cover the cocoon sample with a uniform electromagnetic field; S3.2. Use an electromagnetic wave detector to detect the electromagnetic wave signals reflected inside the detection cavity, and record parameters such as the waveforms, amplitudes, and phases of the transmitted wave and the received wave; S3.3. Transmit the detected electromagnetic wave signal data to the terminal for subsequent steps.

[0012] Further, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S4.1. The terminal receives the initial measurement data; S4.2. Based on the dielectric property differences between the cocoon layer and the pupa body, establish a cocoon layer - pupa body two - dielectric model; S4.3. According to the characteristics of electromagnetic wave phase lag and energy attenuation caused by the high dielectric constant of the pupa body, separate the signal characteristics of the cocoon layer and the pupa body, eliminate the interference signals of the pupa body, and obtain the initial measurement result of the moisture content of the cocoon shell.

[0013] Further, the step S5 specifically includes the following steps: S5.1. Evacuate the gas inside the detection cavity to create a vacuum inside, and maintain it for 20 - 30 seconds; S5.2. Fill the inside of the detection cavity with constant - temperature and dry compressed air; S5.3. Repeat the processes of S5.1 and S5.2 for 2 - 3 times, and after each vacuum drying treatment, repeat the electromagnetic wave detection steps in S3 and S4, and record the measurement results of the moisture content of the cocoon shell after each treatment.

[0014] Further, the method further includes step S9: Compare the data results with the reference data in the standard cocoon database to further correct the measurement results of the moisture content.

[0015] Thus, this solution has the following beneficial effects: 1. Based on the dielectric property differences between the cocoon layer and the pupa body, use a two - dielectric model to compare and separate the electromagnetic wave signals reflected by the cocoon layer and the pupa body, eliminate the interference of the pupa body reflection signal, and achieve pure extraction of the cocoon layer reflection signal, improving the data accuracy.

[0016] 2. Combine multi - band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying differential calculation, and through physical - level variables, that is, change the moisture content state of the cocoon shell multiple times through vacuum drying treatment, further separate the signal characteristics of the cocoon layer and the pupa body, so as to accurately calculate the initial moisture content of the cocoon shell, avoid the interference of the high moisture content of the pupa body on the detection results, and further improve the accuracy of the detection results.

[0017] 3. During the whole detection process, there is no need to damage the cocoon shell of the silkworm cocoon, and the moisture content detection can be completed without damaging the silkworm cocoon, which is beneficial to maintaining the integrity of the silkworm cocoon and its subsequent use value, and has strong practical value. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the detection device; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection device; In the figure: 1 - detection box body; 11 - shielding cover; 2 - detection bowl; 21 - annular electrode array; 22 - air extraction hole; 23 - turntable; 3 - vacuum pipeline system; 4 - drying pipeline system; 5 - control unit. Specific implementation manners

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mulberry cocoon moisture content detection system and method based on electromagnetic waves. The system includes a multi - band electromagnetic wave generation module, an electromagnetic sensor module, and a control unit 5 at the hardware level; the system includes an internal environment compensation unit, a pupa interference elimination unit, and a calibration unit at the software level.

[0024] The multi - band electromagnetic wave generating module can generate electromagnetic wave signals of low frequency, medium frequency or high frequency for detecting the moisture content of silkworm cocoons. By utilizing the differential responses of water molecules to the polarization characteristics of electromagnetic waves at different frequencies, the moisture characteristics of different dimensions of silkworm cocoons are detected. Among them: the low - frequency electromagnetic wave signal has weak penetration ability and mainly reflects the surface moisture distribution; the medium - frequency electromagnetic wave signal has moderate penetration ability, can penetrate the cocoon layer, and reflects the moisture content and distribution inside the cocoon layer; the high - frequency electromagnetic wave signal has strong penetration ability, can penetrate deep into the silkworm cocoon to reach near the pupa body, and reflects the content and distribution of bound water, as well as the interference of the pupa body on the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0025] The multi - band electromagnetic wave generating module includes a programmable frequency synthesizing unit and a circular electrode array 21.

[0026] The programmable frequency synthesizer uses a direct digital frequency synthesis (DDS) chip to generate a swept - frequency signal of 0.1 - 500 MHz, provides electromagnetic wave signals of low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency, and supports the rapid switching of electromagnetic wave signals in the three bands of low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency; The circular electrode array 21: includes several groups of electromagnetic wave emitting electrodes forming a circular array. The several groups of electromagnetic wave emitting electrodes are arranged in a concentric - circle - shaped ring. Each group of electromagnetic wave emitting electrodes includes several coaxially - arranged ring - shaped copper electrodes. The electromagnetic wave emitting electrodes are arranged in a circular symmetry, can generate a uniform electromagnetic field, and the circular electrodes can be adaptively adjusted to dynamically match the cocoon width, ensuring that the electromagnetic field evenly covers the silkworm cocoon; The electromagnetic sensor module is used to collect the electromagnetic response, physical characteristics and environmental parameters of the silkworm cocoon. The electromagnetic sensor module is cooperatively arranged with the circular electrode array 21 in the multi - band electromagnetic wave generating module; the multi - band electromagnetic wave generating module and the electromagnetic sensor module use the principle of the interaction between electromagnetic waves and substances to detect the moisture content of the silkworm cocoon. Specifically, when electromagnetic waves act on the silkworm cocoon, due to the difference in the moisture content of the silkworm cocoon, its dielectric properties will also be different, so the performance of electromagnetic waves in the process of propagation and reflection will be different. Based on this, by comparing and analyzing the subtle differences between the transmitted wave and the received wave, such as waveform, amplitude, phase and other changes, the moisture content information of the silkworm cocoon can be accurately calculated.

[0027] The electromagnetic sensor module includes an electromagnetic wave detector cooperatively arranged with the circular electrode array 21 and an environmental detection and compensation module; the electromagnetic wave detector is used to detect the electromagnetic wave signal reflected inside the cavity, collect and compare the differences in electromagnetic wave signals, and reflect the dielectric properties of the cocoon layer; The environmental detection compensation module includes various sensors for detecting and collecting the temperature, humidity, and air pressure inside the cavity to monitor environmental parameters in real time. Since changes in environmental parameters can affect the accuracy of detection data, for example, temperature and humidity can affect the dielectric constant of the cocoon shell, the environmental detection compensation module also includes a gas path system capable of heating the inside of the detection cavity and adjusting the humidity and air pressure values.

[0028] Specifically, the above modules and units are based on the cocoon moisture content detection device, as shown in the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a detection box body 1, and a shielding cover 11 that can be opened and closed is provided on the detection box body 1. The shielding cover 11 can be hermetically covered on the detection box body 1. The staff places the cocoon samples to be tested inside the detection box body 1 for a series of subsequent detections.

[0029] Inside the detection box body 1, a detection bowl 2 for detecting cocoons is fixedly connected through a rack. An annular electrode array 21 and several electromagnetic wave detectors arranged in cooperation with the annular electrode array 21 are distributed and embedded on the inner side surface of the detection bowl 2. A turntable 23 driven by a motor is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the detection bowl 2. A placement plate for placing cocoon samples is fixedly connected to the turntable 23. A sealable cover is provided on the top of the detection bowl 2. Each sensor for detecting and collecting the temperature, humidity, and air pressure inside the cavity is provided on the sealable cover (in order to make the drawings more convenient for clear observation, the specific structures of the placement plate, the sealable cover, and other electrical equipment inside the detection box body 1 have been simplified and optimized, as shown in the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 which are only used to show and explain the principle cooperation of each component, and no further limitations are imposed on their positions, shapes, and models, etc.).

[0030] A gas path system capable of heating the inside of the detection cavity and adjusting the humidity and air pressure values is also installed inside the detection box body 1. The gas path system includes a vacuum pipeline system 3 and a drying pipeline system 4.

[0031] One end of the vacuum pipeline system 3 is connected to a vacuum pumping device provided outside the detection box body 1, and the other end is connected to an air extraction hole 22 at the bottom of the detection bowl 2. The vacuum pipeline system 3 can evacuate the gas inside the detection bowl 2 to make its inside have a certain degree of vacuum.

[0032] One end of the drying pipeline system 4 is connected to a gas storage tank provided outside the detection box body 1. The gas storage tank stores dry compressed air with a constant temperature (set to a specified temperature). The other end of the drying pipeline system 4 is connected to the sealable cover on the top of the detection bowl 2. And a valve nozzle communicating with the drying pipeline system 4 is provided on the sealable cover. The valve nozzle faces the placement plate and can slowly eject the constant-temperature and dry compressed air inside the gas storage tank.

[0033] At the same time, electric control valves are provided on both the vacuum pipeline system 3 and the drying pipeline system 4. Inside the detection box 1, there is also a control unit 5 that can control each electric control valve, the annular electrode array 21, the electromagnetic wave detector, and various sensors such as temperature, humidity, and air pressure. The control unit 5 can collect and process the operation data of the above electronic components and transmit it to the computer terminal connected to the detection box 1, and the computer terminal processes and analyzes the above data.

[0034] The internal environment compensation unit is an internal environment compensation program inside the external computer terminal. Before detecting the silkworm cocoons, it detects and adjusts the environmental parameters inside the detection box 1, that is, dynamically corrects the original detection data to avoid the influence of changes in environmental parameters such as temperature, air humidity, and air pressure values on the detection results.

[0035] Pupa interference elimination unit: Based on the difference in the dielectric properties between the cocoon layer and the pupa, the cocoon layer is a low-loss medium with a small dielectric constant, and the pupa is a biological tissue with a high moisture content and a large dielectric constant, which is usually 10 - 20 times that of the cocoon layer. Therefore, it is necessary to separate the signal characteristics of the cocoon layer and the pupa from the reflected multi-band electromagnetic wave signals to increase the data accuracy of the water content specific to the cocoon shell; The pupa interference elimination unit is a multi-band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit and a multi-band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying differential calculation unit stored inside the external computer terminal; The multi-band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit is realized by comparing through the established cocoon layer - pupa double dielectric model. Due to the high dielectric constant of the pupa, stronger phase lag and energy attenuation occur when electromagnetic waves propagate inside it, while the disturbance of the cocoon layer to electromagnetic waves is relatively weak. Based on this difference, the computer terminal separates the electromagnetic wave signals reflected by the cocoon layer and the pupa, thereby eliminating the electromagnetic wave signals reflected by the pupa and eliminating interference from the level of the electromagnetic wave measurement results, so as to achieve the pure extraction of the electromagnetic wave signals reflected by the cocoon layer; Specifically, the cocoon layer - pupa double dielectric model includes a cocoon shell dielectric characteristic model and a pupa dielectric characteristic model. Taking the cocoon shell dielectric characteristic model as an example: The structure of the cocoon shell is a relatively dry porous silk protein fiber layer, and its dielectric constant (ε1) and conductivity (σ1) mainly depend on its moisture content (MC1) and are usually low. Use a dielectric property measurement device to pre-measure the dielectric constant and conductivity of different known moisture content cocoon layer samples at the target working frequency. Based on the measurement data, establish a functional relationship model (the pupa dielectric characteristic model is established in the same way). The multi-band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit uses the model prediction inside the computer terminal and the above two functional models, and uses the phase difference between the two (if the signal reflected from the air - cocoon layer interface is denoted as S 11 , the signal transmitted through the cocoon layer and reflected on the surface or inside the pupa and then returned is denoted as S22 , there is S 22 with a phase φ 22 compared with S 11 with a phase φ 11 has a significant lag) and amplitude difference (the amplitude of S 22 |S 22 | is much smaller than |S 11 |), the characteristic differences of the actual measured signals are separated, and the interference of the pupa body signal can be eliminated.

[0036] The multi - band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying differential calculation unit performs non - destructive treatment on the silkworm cocoons at the physical level. It detects the moisture content of the silkworm cocoons after multiple treatments multiple times, uses the differential method to perform mathematical calculations on the changes in moisture content, and then uses the prediction model to analyze the moisture content, so as to achieve accurate detection of the moisture content of the cocoon layer.

[0037] Specifically, under low - level vacuum conditions, the moisture inside the pupa body is relatively stable and will not evaporate, while the moisture inside the cocoon shell will gradually evaporate. With the addition treatment of drying gas, the process is repeated multiple times, and the data is detected and recorded multiple times at each treatment stage. This series of processes changes the moisture content state of the cocoon shell multiple times, making the dielectric property differences between the cocoon shell and the pupa body more obvious, and achieving accurate separation of the signal characteristics of the cocoon layer and the pupa body from the multi - band electromagnetic wave signals.

[0038] The multi - band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying differential calculation unit uses differential processing technology, that is, comprehensively considering the sensitivity differences of signals in different frequency bands to the cocoon layer and the pupa body, further separating the signal contributions of the cocoon layer and the pupa body. By establishing a mathematical model, the signal characteristics of the cocoon layer and the pupa body are decoupled, thereby correcting the initial moisture content data of the cocoon shell detected initially, and finally accurately calculating the initial moisture content of the silkworm cocoon shell.

[0039] In this process, the initial result of the moisture content of the whole silkworm cocoon (including the cocoon layer and the pupa body) is obtained from the initial measurement of the silkworm cocoon; it is denoted as . Using the multi - band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit, the dielectric characteristics of the pupa body are separated from the signals measured initially, and the initial measurement result of the moisture content of the cocoon shell is obtained, denoted as . The silkworm cocoon samples are subjected to multiple vacuum drying treatments, and the data is detected and recorded multiple times after each treatment. Assuming that the vacuum drying treatment is carried out i times, the measurement result of the moisture content of the cocoon shell at the i - th time is denoted as (i = 2, 3,..., n). The A data set is formed and a linear regression fitting model is adopted. The established mathematical model is compared with the standard model in the database. The standard model is established based on known and accurate data of the moisture content of cocoon shells and can reflect the typical change law of the moisture content of cocoon shells during the vacuum drying process. By comparison, the deviation between the current measurement data and the standard model, that is, the interference difference, can be determined. . Finally, according to the comparison result, the interference difference is subtracted from the initial measurement result to obtain a more accurate actual moisture content of the cocoon shell. That is: (1) Thus, a more accurate actual moisture content of the cocoon shell is obtained.

[0040] Calibration unit: It has a built-in standard cocoon database and a self-learning compensation algorithm. The standard cocoon database contains benchmark data of varieties such as Huakang No. 2, Jing Song × Hao Yue, etc. This benchmark data is measured by accurate methods such as the oven method. After detecting a certain number of cocoon samples, the prediction results are compared with the benchmark data in the standard cocoon database, and the mean absolute error is calculated to update the data results.

[0041] A method for detecting the moisture content of cocoons based on electromagnetic waves, which is based on the above system. The method includes the following operation and processing steps: S1: Sample preparation; A certain number of samples are randomly selected from the batch of cocoons to be detected. The number of samples is determined according to the batch size and statistical requirements. Simple preprocessing is performed on the samples, such as removing surface impurities and dirt, but without changing the natural state and moisture content of the cocoons.

[0042] S2: Detection environment preparation; The cocoon samples to be measured are placed on the placement tray inside the detection box to ensure uniform distribution of the samples. The shielding cover of the detection box is closed to make it airtight. The temperature, humidity and air pressure inside the detection box are detected and adjusted through the environmental detection compensation module to ensure stable environmental parameters. Specifically, the sensors in the environmental detection compensation module monitor the environmental parameters in real time, and the gas path system adjusts the temperature, humidity and air pressure as needed to avoid the influence of environmental changes on the detection results.

[0043] S3: Conduct the initial measurement and record the results; The measurement stage includes the following steps: S3.1. Start the multi-band electromagnetic wave generation module: The programmable frequency synthesizer generates a swept-frequency signal, and the circular electrode array generates a uniform electromagnetic field to cover the cocoon samples; S3.2. Electromagnetic wave detection: The electromagnetic wave detector detects the electromagnetic wave signals reflected inside the cavity and records parameters such as the waveforms, amplitudes and phases of the transmitted wave and the received wave; S3.3. Record data: Transmit the detected electromagnetic wave signal data to the control unit (i.e., the computer terminal or the logical operation unit inside the device), and the control unit sends the data to an external computer terminal for processing.

[0044] S4: Separation of multi - band dielectric characteristics; The separation of multi - band dielectric characteristics includes the following steps: S4.1 Perform data processing, that is, the multi - band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit in the external computer terminal receives the initial measurement data; S4.2 Based on the dielectric property differences between the cocoon layer and the pupa body, establish a cocoon layer - pupa body two - dielectric model. The cocoon layer is a low - loss dielectric with a small dielectric constant; the pupa body is a biological tissue with a high moisture content and a large dielectric constant; S4.3 According to the characteristics of electromagnetic wave phase lag and energy attenuation caused by the high dielectric constant of the pupa body, separate the signal characteristics of the cocoon layer and the pupa body, eliminate the interference signal of the pupa body, and obtain the initial measurement result of the moisture content of the cocoon shell.

[0045] S5: Multiple vacuum drying treatments and measurements; The vacuum drying treatment includes the following steps: S5.1 Start the vacuum pipeline system, evacuate the gas inside the detection bowl to make it have a certain vacuum degree, and maintain it for 20 - 30 seconds; S5.2 Start the drying pipeline system, and fill the detection bowl with constant - temperature and dry compressed air; S5.3 Repeat the processes of S5.1 and S5.2 2 - 3 times, and after each vacuum drying treatment, repeat the electromagnetic wave detection steps in S3 and S4, and record the measurement results Wi (i = 2, 3,... n) of the moisture content of the cocoon shell after each treatment.

[0046] S6: Establishment of a mathematical model; Through data collation, form a data set with the moisture content data Wi of the cocoon shell obtained from multiple measurements, and establish a mathematical model through linear regression fitting.

[0047] S7: Deviation comparison and analysis; Compare the established mathematical model with the standard model in the database, and calculate the interference difference ΔWx. The standard model is established based on known and accurate moisture content data of the cocoon shell and can reflect the typical change law of the moisture content of the cocoon shell during the vacuum drying process.

[0048] S8: Correct the initial measurement data and record the results; According to the calculation formula:

[0049] Among them, the initial measurement result of the moisture content of the cocoon shell is The deviation between the current measurement data and the standard model is the interference difference value. The actual water content of the cocoon shell is . Record and store the corrected actual water content W of the cocoon shell.

[0050] S9: Calibration and self-learning Compare the data results with the reference data in the standard cocoon database, calculate the mean absolute error, and perform a secondary revision on the final result.

[0051] Through the above steps, the present invention can accurately detect the water content of the cocoon shell of silkworm cocoons, effectively eliminate the interference of pupae, and provide reliable data for the quality detection of silkworm cocoons.

[0052] Example 1 Randomly select 30 from the same batch of Huakang No. 2 silkworm cocoons as samples, adopt destructive treatment, separate the pupae from the cocoon shell, only weigh the weight of the cocoon shell of the silkworm cocoons and record the data. Subsequently, put the pupae back into the cocoon shell, and use this sample to perform detection according to the method in the present application.

[0053] In the initial measurement, after being processed by the multi-band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit, the initial measurement result of the water content of the cocoon shell is obtained as Wc = 16.2%.

[0054] Subsequently, perform 3 times of vacuum drying treatment on the sample. The water content of the cocoon shell measured after each treatment is W2 = 15.8%, W3 = 15.2%, and W4 = 14.9% respectively. Substitute the data into the linear regression model, and the interference difference value between the mathematical model of this sample and the standard model (the standard model data is not given in the present application) is obtained as ΔWx = 0.8%.

[0055] The finally corrected actual water content of the cocoon shell is W = 15.4%.

[0056] Finally, detect the same batch of silkworm cocoons by the oven method, that is, take out the sample, separate the pupae from the cocoon shell of the silkworm cocoons, dry the cocoon shell by the oven method, and compare and calculate with the initial weighing data to obtain the actual water content of the cocoon shell as 15.3%. Therefore, it shows that the present invention can accurately measure the water content of the cocoon shell of silkworm cocoons without damaging the cocoon shell.

[0057] Meanwhile, it can be seen from the comparison between the measured result Wc and the actual value that without the differential calculation of multi-band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying, the measured result will be slightly larger than the actual water content value. This is because the water content of the pupa body is about 73-77%, which is very high. Affected by the pupa body inside the cocoon, the data of the water content result is interfered by the water content inside the pupa body. And the subsequent differential calculation of multi-band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying makes only the water content of the cocoon shell change while the water content inside the pupa body remains unchanged. By comparing the calculated mathematical model of the change with the standard model, the water content of the cocoon shell excluding the interference of the pupa body is finally deduced.

[0058] Example 2 Select the same batch of Huakang No. 2 cocoon variety, and randomly select 30 samples for testing.

[0059] First, perform destructive treatment to separate the pupa body from the cocoon shell, and only weigh the weight of the cocoon shell of the silkworm cocoon and record the data. Then put the pupa body back into the cocoon shell, and use this sample to perform tests according to the method in this application.

[0060] In the initial measurement, after being processed by the multi-band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit, the initial measured result of the water content of the cocoon shell is Wc = 17.8%.

[0061] After 4 times of vacuum drying treatment, the measured water contents of the cocoon shell are W2 = 17%, W3 = 16.2%, W4 = 15.5%, and W5 = 14.8% in sequence. Fit the mathematical model of this sample and compare it with the standard model to obtain the interference difference ΔWx = 0.6%. The finally measured water content of the corrected cocoon shell is W = 17.2%. Through calibration and self-learning stages, the final result W is corrected, and parameters such as the variety of the reference sample and the number of samples are corrected. The water content W data is adjusted down by 0.2% to obtain W' = 17.0%.

[0062] Finally, the same batch of silkworm cocoons is tested by the oven method, that is, the sample is taken out, the pupa body is separated from the cocoon shell of the silkworm cocoon, and after drying the cocoon shell by the oven method, it is compared and calculated with the initial weighing data to obtain the actual water content of the cocoon shell as 17.0%. Through calibration and self-learning steps, the accuracy of the detection of the water content of the cocoon shell by the present invention can be more accurately guaranteed.

[0063] Certainly, the present invention can also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silk cocoon moisture content detection system based on electromagnetic waves, characterized in that The system includes, at the hardware level, a multi-band electromagnetic wave generation module, an electromagnetic sensor module, and a control unit (5) disposed within the cocoon moisture content detection device; inside the control unit (5), at the software level, there are an internal environment compensation unit, a pupa interference elimination unit, and a calibration unit; The multi-band electromagnetic wave generation module includes a programmable frequency synthesis unit and a circular electrode array (21); The electromagnetic sensor module includes an electromagnetic wave detector and an environment detection compensation module that are arranged in cooperation with the circular electrode array (21); The pupa interference elimination unit includes a multi-band dielectric characteristic separation calculation unit and a multi-band electromagnetic wave vacuum drying differential calculation unit.

2. The electromagnetic wave-based moisture content detection system for silkworm cocoons according to claim 1, characterized in that The circular electrode array (21) includes several groups of electromagnetic wave emitting electrodes that form a circular array.

3. The electromagnetic wave-based detection system for the moisture content of silkworm cocoons according to claim 1, wherein The cocoon moisture content detection device includes a detection bowl (2), the circular electrode array (21) is embedded in the inner side surface of the detection bowl (2), a rotatable placement disk is installed inside the detection bowl (2), and a sealing cover is installed on the top of the detection bowl (2).

4. The electromagnetic wave-based cocoon moisture content detection system according to claim 3, wherein, The environment detection compensation module includes multiple sensors for detecting and collecting the temperature, humidity, and air pressure values inside the detection bowl (2), and also includes a gas path system for controlling the temperature, humidity, and air pressure values inside the detection bowl (2).

5. The electromagnetic wave-based cocoon moisture content detection system according to claim 4, wherein The gas path system includes a vacuum pipeline system (3) that can evacuate the gas inside the detection bowl (2) and a drying pipeline system (4) that can fill the detection bowl (2) with constant temperature and dry gas.

6. A method for detecting the moisture content of silkworm cocoons based on electromagnetic waves, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Extract samples and perform pre-treatment; S2. Detect and adjust the temperature, humidity, and air pressure inside the box to ensure stable environmental parameters; S3. Conduct an initial measurement of the cocoon shell moisture content and record the results to obtain electromagnetic wave signal data; S4. Obtain the initial measurement result of the cocoon shell moisture content through multi-band dielectric characteristic separation; S5. Conduct vacuum drying treatment, measure the cocoon shell moisture content result of the treated sample, and repeat this process multiple times; S6. Compose the cocoon shell moisture content data obtained from multiple measurements into a data set, and establish a mathematical model through linear regression fitting; S7. Compare the established mathematical model with the standard model in the database to calculate the interference difference value; S8. Correct the initial measurement data and record the results; S9. Compare the data results with the reference data in the standard cocoon database for further correction.

7. The method for detecting the moisture content of silkworm cocoons based on electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, characterized in that, The measurement stage of step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S3.

1. Use a multi-band electromagnetic wave sweep signal to cover the cocoon sample with a uniform electromagnetic field; S3.

2. Use an electromagnetic wave detector to detect the electromagnetic wave signal reflected inside the detection cavity, and record parameters such as the waveform, amplitude, and phase of the transmitted wave and the received wave; S3.

3. Transmit the detected electromagnetic wave signal data to the terminal for subsequent steps.

8. The method for detecting the moisture content of silkworm cocoons based on electromagnetic waves according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S4 are as follows: S4.

1. The terminal receives the initial measurement data; S4.

2. Based on the dielectric property differences between the cocoon layer and the pupa, establish a cocoon layer-pupa double-medium model; S4.

3. Separate the signal characteristics of the cocoon layer and the pupa body according to the electromagnetic wave phase lag and energy attenuation characteristics caused by the high dielectric constant of the pupa body, eliminate the interference signal of the pupa body, and obtain the initial measurement result of the water content of the cocoon shell.

9. The method for detecting the moisture content of silkworm cocoons based on electromagnetic waves according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S5 are as follows: S5.

1. Evacuate the gas inside the detection chamber to create a vacuum inside and maintain it for 20 - 30 seconds. S5.

2. Fill the detection chamber with constant-temperature and dry compressed air. S5.

3. Repeat the processes of S5.1 and S5.2 for 2 - 3 times. And after each vacuum drying treatment, repeat the electromagnetic wave detection steps in S3 and S4, and record the measurement results of the water content of the cocoon shell after each treatment.

10. The method for detecting the moisture content of silkworm cocoons based on electromagnetic waves according to claim 6, wherein It also includes step S9: Compare the data results with the reference data in the standard cocoon database to further correct the measurement results of the water content.

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