A method and system for detecting cracks in a cemented surface

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of crack detection, and discloses a cement pouring surface crack detection method and system, which comprises the following steps: a high-frequency sound wave is emitted to a cement pouring surface structure by using an ultrasonic instrument; when the sound wave meets the cement pouring surface, a reflection is generated to form an echo; the echo is captured by a receiver; and whether the cement pouring surface has cracks and the depth of the cracks is identified according to the time difference of the echo. The application continuously captures crack echoes of a preset data detection amount, carries out peak amplitude sorting and difference value calculation on all captured echo segment signals, and further judges whether there is an abnormal echo fluctuation by comparing the fluctuation amplitudes, so that the double judgment mechanism can more effectively exclude invalid scattering and redundant reflection signals caused by rough cement pouring surfaces and other factors, and the risk of misjudgment or false crack alarm is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crack detection technology, specifically to a method and system for detecting cracks in cement-cast surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Cracks in cement-cast surfaces mainly refer to linear or network-like cracks that occur on the surface of concrete, mortar, or other cement-based materials during or after the pouring process due to internal and external factors. These cracks typically appear when the material hardens, shrinks, or is subjected to environmental stress. Although most surface cracks are only superficial problems, if the cracks extend and deepen, they may reflect internal stress and structural issues, requiring timely detection and treatment.

[0003] For detecting cracks in concrete pours, ultrasonic testing is a non-destructive testing technique. It involves propagating high-frequency ultrasonic waves into the concrete pour and utilizing the reflection, refraction, and attenuation of these waves when they encounter cracks, pores, or other discontinuous interfaces to identify and locate the cracks. However, concrete or cement-based materials may contain a large number of sand and gravel particles, pores, and other impurities, making the surface of the concrete pour rough or lacking sufficient density. This results in rapid energy attenuation and severe scattering of the ultrasonic waves, causing significant fluctuations and interference in the detection results, thus affecting the accuracy of crack detection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method and system for detecting cracks in cement pouring surfaces, which can determine whether the surface roughness of the cement pouring surface affects the detection results based on the echo captured by the receiver during ultrasonic testing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for detecting cracks in cement pouring surfaces, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] High-frequency sound waves are emitted into the cement pouring surface using an ultrasonic instrument. When the sound waves encounter the cement pouring surface, they are reflected to form an echo. The echo is captured by a receiver, and the presence and depth of cracks in the cement pouring surface are identified based on the arrival time difference of the echo.

[0007] When cracks are detected on the cement pouring surface, the echo signal of the detected crack is marked as a crack echo. A preset data detection quantity is set. When the number of times the receiver continuously captures crack echoes reaches the data detection quantity, all captured crack echo signals are segmented according to the time sequence. When the echo signal in the captured echo segment fluctuates significantly, it is marked as an abnormal echo segment.

[0008] When an abnormal echo segment is generated, mark the location of the crack on the cement pouring surface where the crack echo is located, obtain the echo signal within a preset range near the crack location, and mark this echo signal as an abnormal adjacent echo.

[0009] The signal fluctuation amplitude of adjacent abnormal echoes is obtained and compared with the fluctuation amplitude of echo signals in the abnormal echo segment. Based on the comparison results, it is determined whether there is a phenomenon of false cracks caused by the rough surface of the cement pouring surface generating extra reflection signals in the abnormal echo segment.

[0010] In some implementations, determining whether the echo signal in all echo bands has a large fluctuation includes: obtaining the difference value of the echo peak amplitude, marking it as the fluctuation difference value, setting a difference value threshold, comparing the fluctuation difference value with the difference value threshold, and taking a corresponding action based on the comparison result.

[0011] In some implementations, when the fluctuation difference value is less than or equal to the difference value threshold, it is determined that the echo signal in all echo segments has not fluctuated significantly, the detection judgment that cracks are found in the cement pouring surface by ultrasonic waves is maintained, and staff are notified to handle the situation; when the fluctuation difference value is greater than the difference value threshold, it is determined that the echo signal in all echo segments has fluctuated significantly, and the operation of marking abnormal echo segments is performed.

[0012] In some implementations, the specific method for obtaining the fluctuation difference value includes: obtaining the peak amplitude of the echo signal in all echo bands, sorting the peak amplitudes of all echo signals according to the peak size, and obtaining the difference value of the echo peak amplitude by subtracting the maximum peak amplitude from the minimum peak amplitude in all echo signals, and marking this difference value as the fluctuation difference value.

[0013] In some implementations, when obtaining echo signals within a preset range based on the location of the crack, the specific preset range is a circle with a radius equal to the length of the crack detected, drawn on the cement pouring surface with the crack location as the center. This circle is used as the preset range to obtain echo signals. When obtaining echo signals within the preset range, the echo signals of other cracks existing within the preset range are shielded, and only the echo signals detected and identified as planar within the preset range are obtained and marked as abnormal adjacent echoes.

[0014] In some implementations, the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is obtained as follows: after the receiver continuously captures the abnormal adjacent echo signal a number of times, the maximum peak amplitude and the minimum peak amplitude among all abnormal adjacent echo signals are obtained, and the signal fluctuation amplitude Bf of the abnormal adjacent echo is obtained by using the maximum peak amplitude Fm among the abnormal adjacent echo signals and the minimum peak amplitude Ft among all abnormal adjacent echo signals, where k is an adjustment factor.

[0015] In some implementations, the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo band is obtained by arranging all echo signals according to the peak amplitude of all echo signals when the fluctuation difference value is obtained, and dividing the maximum peak amplitude of all echo signals by the minimum peak amplitude of all echo signals to obtain the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo band.

[0016] In some implementations, after comparing the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo with the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo segment, if the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is less than the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo segment, it indicates that there is no significant signal fluctuation on the cement pouring surface around the crack identified in step one. In this case, the crack is determined to be a real crack, and staff are notified to inspect and handle it. If the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is greater than or equal to the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo segment, it indicates that there is a significant signal fluctuation on the cement pouring surface around the crack identified in step one. In this case, the crack echo identified this time is determined to be a false crack phenomenon.

[0017] This invention also provides the following technical solution: a system for detecting cracks in cement pouring surfaces, comprising:

[0018] The initial identification module includes using an ultrasonic instrument to emit high-frequency sound waves to the cement pouring surface structure. When the sound waves encounter the cement pouring surface, they will be reflected to form an echo. The echo is captured by a receiver, and the presence and depth of cracks in the cement pouring surface are identified based on the arrival time difference of the echo.

[0019] The anomaly detection module includes marking the echo signal of the detected crack as a crack echo when a crack is detected on the cement pouring surface. It also includes a preset data detection quantity. When the number of times the receiver continuously captures crack echoes reaches the data detection quantity, it segments all captured crack echo signals according to the time sequence. When the echo signal in the captured echo segment fluctuates significantly, it is marked as an abnormal echo segment.

[0020] A crack marking module includes marking the location of a crack on the cement pouring surface where the crack echo is located when an abnormal echo segment is generated, obtaining an echo signal within a preset range near the crack location, and marking this echo signal as an abnormal adjacent echo.

[0021] The result judgment module includes acquiring the signal fluctuation amplitude of adjacent abnormal echoes, comparing it with the fluctuation amplitude of echo signals in the abnormal echo segment, and judging whether there is a phenomenon of false cracks caused by the rough surface of the cement pouring surface generating extra reflection signals in the abnormal echo segment based on the comparison result.

[0022] The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the above-described method for detecting cracks in a cement-cast surface.

[0023] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] Firstly, this invention initially confirms the existence of cracks by continuously capturing crack echoes of a preset data detection quantity. Subsequently, it sorts the peak amplitudes and calculates the differences among all captured echo segments, thereby further determining whether there are abnormal echo fluctuations by comparing the fluctuation amplitudes. This dual judgment mechanism can more effectively eliminate invalid scattering and redundant reflection signals caused by factors such as rough cement pouring surfaces, thus greatly reducing the risk of misjudgment or false crack alarms.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention marks and compares the received crack echo signals, abnormal echo segments and abnormal adjacent echoes in steps to ensure that the state of each area on the cement pouring surface is analyzed in detail, so as to realize dynamic and local anomaly detection.

[0026] Third, by analyzing the fluctuation characteristics of the surrounding planar echo signal, this invention can predict and quantify the impact of this interference on the echo signal. By simultaneously collecting and comparing the planar echo signal data of the crack area and its surroundings, misjudgments caused by relying solely on the crack echo signal can be eliminated. This process makes the detection results have clearer physical basis and data support, thereby improving the accuracy of on-site detection and judgment in engineering projects and reducing false alarms caused by environmental factors or echo signal fluctuations. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system modules of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0031] This invention provides a method for detecting cracks in cement pouring surfaces, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Use an ultrasonic instrument to emit high-frequency sound waves to the cement pouring surface structure. When the sound waves encounter the cement pouring surface, they will be reflected to form an echo. The echo is captured by a receiver, and the arrival time difference of the echo is used to identify whether there are cracks in the cement pouring surface and the depth of the cracks. Here, the arrival time difference refers to the time difference between when the echo is captured by the receiver.

[0033] Step 2: When cracks are detected on the cement pouring surface, the echo signal of the detected crack is marked as crack echo. The preset data detection quantity is set. When the number of times the receiver continuously captures crack echoes reaches the data detection quantity, all captured crack echo signals are segmented according to the time sequence. When the echo signal in the captured echo segment fluctuates significantly, it is marked as an abnormal echo segment.

[0034] Step 3: When an abnormal echo segment is generated, mark the location of the crack on the cement pouring surface where the crack echo is located, obtain the echo signal within a preset range near the crack location, and mark this echo signal as an abnormal adjacent echo.

[0035] Step 4: Obtain the signal fluctuation amplitude of adjacent abnormal echoes and compare it with the fluctuation amplitude of echo signals in the abnormal echo segment. Based on the comparison results, determine whether there is a phenomenon of false cracks caused by the rough surface of the cement pouring surface generating extra reflection signals in the abnormal echo segment.

[0036] Specifically, after segmenting all captured crack echo signals according to time series, the method for determining whether the echo signals in all echo segments exhibit significant fluctuations includes: obtaining the difference in echo peak amplitude, marking it as the fluctuation difference value, setting a difference value threshold, comparing the fluctuation difference value with the difference value threshold, and when the fluctuation difference value is less than or equal to the difference value threshold, it indicates that the echo signal variation in all echo segments is small, and the detected crack echo does not exhibit significant changes in echo peak amplitude under the data detection volume. Therefore, it is determined that the echo signals in all echo segments do not exhibit significant fluctuations and are maintained. The ultrasonic detection identifies cracks in the cement pouring surface and notifies staff to handle them. When the fluctuation difference value is greater than the difference value threshold, it indicates that the echo signal variation amplitude is large in all echo bands. The detected crack echo produced a significant change in the peak amplitude of the echo under the data detection quantity. It is judged that the echo signal in all echo bands has a large fluctuation. This echo fluctuation is likely due to the surface roughness of the cement pouring surface, which causes the ultrasonic energy to attenuate quickly and scatter severely during propagation, producing additional scattering and reflection, which causes fluctuations and interference in the detection effect, and further judgment is required.

[0037] The specific methods for obtaining the fluctuation difference value include: obtaining the peak amplitude of the echo signal in all echo bands, sorting the peak amplitudes of all echo signals according to the peak size, and using the difference between the maximum peak amplitude and the minimum peak amplitude in all echo signals to obtain the difference value of the echo peak amplitude, and marking this difference value as the fluctuation difference value. For example, if the preset data detection count is set to 10 times, after identifying a crack in the cement pouring surface, the receiver continuously captures the crack echo 10 times. Then, the peak amplitude of the echo signal in all echo segments is obtained and sorted. The sorted peak amplitudes of the captured crack echoes are set to 15mV, 15mV, 18mV, 20mV, 20mV, 20mV, 25mV, 26mV, 27mV, and 30mV. The difference between the maximum peak amplitude of 30mV and the minimum peak amplitude of 15mV is calculated, yielding a difference value of 15mV, i.e., a fluctuation difference value of 15mV. A difference value threshold of 10mV is set. Since the fluctuation difference value is greater than the threshold, it is determined that the echo signal in all echo segments has experienced significant fluctuations, and this crack echo signal is marked as an abnormal echo segment. The advantages of this method are: First, it employs a dual-layer screening mechanism, not only identifying cracks through preliminary echo detection but also further determining echo anomalies through subsequent comparison of fluctuation amplitudes, greatly improving the reliability of the detection results. Secondly, by setting preset data detection quantities and difference thresholds, interference signals caused by rough cement pouring surfaces, surface scattering, and excessive reflections can be effectively filtered out, avoiding misjudgments and thus effectively reducing the probability of false crack alarms. Furthermore, by sorting the peak amplitude of the echo signals and calculating the fluctuation difference values, this method achieves quantitative analysis of the echo signal details, intuitively reflecting the signal's fluctuation characteristics within the detection period, making the overall detection process data-supported and traceable.

[0038] After marking the location of the crack on the cement-poured surface where the crack echo is located, it is necessary to acquire echo signals within a preset range around the crack location. Specifically, the preset range is a circle with a radius equal to the length of the detected crack, centered on the crack location. This circle serves as the preset range for acquiring echo signals. It's important to note that when acquiring echo signals within the preset range, other crack echo signals within that range must be masked, acquiring only the echo signals detected and identified as planar within the preset range and marking them as anomalous adjacent echoes. By defining the preset range with the crack location as the center and the detected crack length as the radius, the focus can be on the adjacent area related to the crack. Echo signals within this area can be independently acquired and analyzed. This covers additional reflection signals that may exist near the crack due to surface roughness or material inhomogeneity, while preventing data acquisition from being too scattered, ensuring high relevance and local representativeness of the detection data. However, other cracks or anomalous reflection signals may often coexist within the preset circular range. If all these signals are considered together, it is easy to confuse true planar echoes (i.e., reflections generated by the smooth parts of the concrete pouring surface) with echoes generated by cracks. By shielding other crack echoes within a preset range and retaining only the signals identified as planar echoes, a relatively "clean" neighborhood reference data can be obtained. This distinction allows subsequent analysis of abnormal echoes to be based solely on true planar reflection signals, thereby reducing the impact of other cracks or interference signals on the detection results and enabling the system to more accurately determine whether there are redundant reflection effects caused by surface roughness.

[0039] After acquiring the signal of an abnormal adjacent echo, the method for obtaining the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is as follows: when the receiver continuously captures the abnormal adjacent echo signal a certain number of times, the maximum peak amplitude and the minimum peak amplitude of all abnormal adjacent echo signals are obtained. The signal fluctuation amplitude Bf of the abnormal adjacent echo is obtained by using the maximum peak amplitude Fm and the minimum peak amplitude Ft, where k is an adjustment factor. The method for obtaining the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo segment is as follows: based on the peak amplitude of all echo signals when the fluctuation difference value is obtained, the maximum peak amplitude of all echo signals is divided by the minimum peak amplitude of all echo signals to obtain the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo segment. For example, if the maximum peak amplitude among all abnormal adjacent echo signals is set to 12mV and the minimum peak amplitude among all abnormal adjacent echo signals is 8mV, and the adjustment factor k is set to 1.2, then the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is 12÷8×1.2=1.8. Combining the above embodiment, dividing the maximum peak amplitude of 30mV by the minimum peak amplitude of 15mV yields a fluctuation amplitude of 2 for the echo signal in the abnormal echo segment. Therefore, the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is less than the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo segment.

[0040] After comparing the signal fluctuation amplitude of adjacent abnormal echoes with the fluctuation amplitude of echo signals in the abnormal echo segment, if the signal fluctuation amplitude of adjacent abnormal echoes is smaller than that in the abnormal echo segment, it indicates that there is no significant signal fluctuation on the cement-poured surface surrounding the crack identified in step one. This means that there is no false crack phenomenon caused by additional scattering and reflection of ultrasonic waves due to the surface roughness of the cement-poured surface. The fluctuation of the crack echo signal itself is more likely due to the severe coarsness or insufficient density of the internal structure of the crack. Although such signal fluctuations can... While interference may affect the detection and judgment of crack depth and length, if it can confirm the existence of a crack at this location on the cement-poured surface, then the crack is considered a real crack, and staff should be notified for inspection and handling. However, if the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is greater than or equal to the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo segment, it indicates that there is a large signal fluctuation on the cement-poured surface surrounding the crack identified in step one. This means that there is additional scattering and reflection of ultrasonic waves around the identified crack due to the surface roughness of the cement-poured surface, indicating that the identified crack echo is a false crack phenomenon. When a false crack phenomenon occurs, on-site technicians should be notified immediately for further inspection to avoid mistakenly treating the false crack as a real crack and taking unnecessary measures. Furthermore, on-site technicians can reasonably select ultrasonic probes and appropriate frequencies based on the detection data and actual conditions, or improve coupling and surface treatment to reduce the interference caused by the large number of sand particles, pores, and other impurities in cement-based materials, resulting in rapid ultrasonic energy attenuation, severe scattering, and surface roughness or insufficient density.

[0041] In summary, this invention aims to design a method for detecting cracks in cement pouring surfaces. Addressing the issue that surface roughness or insufficient density of cement pouring surfaces can significantly affect detection results during ultrasonic crack detection, this invention initially confirms the presence of cracks by continuously capturing crack echoes of a preset data detection quantity. Subsequently, it sorts the peak amplitudes and calculates the differences among all captured echo segments, further determining the presence of abnormal echo fluctuations through amplitude comparison. This dual-judgment mechanism effectively eliminates invalid scattering and redundant reflection signals caused by factors such as rough cement pouring surfaces, thereby greatly reducing the risk of false alarms or false crack detection. Furthermore, the received crack echo signals, abnormal echo segments, and adjacent abnormal echoes are marked and compared step-by-step to ensure refined analysis of the state of each area on the cement pouring surface, achieving dynamic and local anomaly detection. Moreover, by analyzing the fluctuation characteristics of echo signals from surrounding planes, the impact of this interference on the echo signals can be predicted and quantified. If the amplitude of the crack echo signal is significantly greater than or similar to that of the surrounding planar echo signal, it indicates that these fluctuations are likely caused by surface interference rather than inherent structural characteristics of the crack itself. By simultaneously acquiring and comparing planar echo signal data from the crack area and its surroundings, misjudgments caused by relying solely on the crack echo signal can be ruled out. This process provides the detection results with clearer physical evidence and data support, thereby improving the accuracy of on-site detection and judgment in engineering projects and reducing false alarms caused by environmental factors or echo signal fluctuations.

[0042] This invention provides a system for detecting cracks in cement pouring surfaces, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0043] The initial identification module includes using an ultrasonic instrument to emit high-frequency sound waves to the cement pouring surface structure. When the sound waves encounter the cement pouring surface, they will be reflected to form an echo. The echo is captured by a receiver, and the presence and depth of cracks in the cement pouring surface are identified based on the arrival time difference of the echo.

[0044] The anomaly detection module includes marking the echo signal of the detected crack as a crack echo when a crack is detected on the cement pouring surface. It also includes a preset data detection quantity. When the number of times the receiver continuously captures crack echoes reaches the data detection quantity, it segments all captured crack echo signals according to the time sequence. When the echo signal in the captured echo segment fluctuates significantly, it is marked as an abnormal echo segment.

[0045] A crack marking module includes marking the location of a crack on the cement pouring surface where the crack echo is located when an abnormal echo segment is generated, obtaining an echo signal within a preset range near the crack location, and marking this echo signal as an abnormal adjacent echo.

[0046] The result judgment module includes acquiring the signal fluctuation amplitude of adjacent abnormal echoes, comparing it with the fluctuation amplitude of echo signals in the abnormal echo segment, and judging whether there is a phenomenon of false cracks caused by the rough surface of the cement pouring surface generating extra reflection signals in the abnormal echo segment based on the comparison result.

[0047] The processes described above with reference to the flowcharts in the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be implemented as computer software programs. Embodiments of this invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication component, and / or installed from a removable medium. When the computer program is executed by a central processing unit, it performs the functions defined in the methods of this application. It should be noted that the computer-readable medium described above in this application can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more conductor segments, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory, a read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this application, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this application, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wireless segments, wire segments, optical cables, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0048] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0049] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting cracks in a cement pouring surface, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, using ultrasonic instrument to emit high frequency sound wave to the cement pouring surface structure, when the sound wave meets the cement pouring surface, it will produce reflection to form echo, the echo is captured by the receiver, and the arrival time difference of the echo is used to identify whether there is crack in the cement pouring surface and the depth of the crack; Step two, when it is identified that there is crack in the cement pouring surface, the echo signal of the identified crack is marked as crack echo, preset data detection amount, when the number of continuously captured crack echo signals by the receiver reaches the data detection amount, all captured crack echo signals are segmented according to time sequence, when the echo signal in the captured echo segment produces large fluctuation, it is marked as abnormal echo segment; The method for judging whether the echo signal in all echo segments produces large fluctuation comprises: obtaining the difference value of echo peak amplitude, marking it as fluctuation difference value, setting the difference value threshold, comparing the fluctuation difference value with the difference value threshold, when the fluctuation difference value is less than or equal to the difference value threshold, it is judged that the echo signal in all echo segments does not produce large fluctuation, the detection and judgment of the existence of crack in the cement pouring surface identified by ultrasonic is maintained, and the staff is informed to process; when the fluctuation difference value is greater than the difference value threshold, it is judged that the echo signal in all echo segments produces large fluctuation, and the operation of marking abnormal echo segment is executed; Step three, when the abnormal echo segment is produced, the crack position on the cement pouring surface positioned by the crack echo is marked, the echo signal in the preset range near the crack position is obtained, and the echo signal is marked as abnormal adjacent echo; When the echo signal in the preset range near the crack position is obtained, the preset range is a circle with the crack position as the center, a circle with a radius equal to the length of the detected crack is drawn on the cement pouring surface, the circle is used as the preset range and the echo signal is obtained, and when the echo signal in the preset range is obtained, the remaining crack echo signals in the preset range are shielded, only the echo signal in the preset range detected and identified as plane is obtained, and it is marked as abnormal adjacent echo. Step four, the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is obtained, and the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo section is compared, and whether the abnormal echo section exists the phenomenon of false crack caused by the excessive reflection signal of the rough surface of the cement pouring surface is judged according to the comparison result, wherein the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is obtained in the following way: when the number of times that the receiver continuously captures the abnormal adjacent echo signal reaches the data detection amount, the maximum peak amplitude in all abnormal adjacent echo signals and the minimum peak amplitude in all abnormal adjacent echo signals are obtained, and the signal fluctuation amplitude Bf of the abnormal adjacent echo is obtained through the maximum peak amplitude Fm in the abnormal adjacent echo signal and the minimum peak amplitude Ft in all abnormal adjacent echo signals, wherein k is an adjustment factor; the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo section is obtained in the following way: according to the peak amplitude size arrangement of all echo signals when the fluctuation difference value is obtained, the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo section is obtained by dividing the maximum peak amplitude in all echo signals by the minimum peak amplitude in all echo signals; after comparing the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo with the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo section, if the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is less than the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo section, it is indicated that there is no signal large amplitude fluctuation phenomenon on the cement pouring surface around the crack identified in step one, and the crack is judged as a real crack, and the staff is informed to check and handle; if the signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echo is greater than or equal to the fluctuation amplitude of the echo signal in the abnormal echo section, it is indicated that there is a signal large amplitude fluctuation phenomenon on the cement pouring surface around the crack identified in step one, and it is judged that the crack echo identified this time produces a false crack phenomenon.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein The specific way to obtain the fluctuation difference value includes: obtaining the peak amplitude of all echo signals, sorting the peak amplitudes of all echo signals according to the peak value, and obtaining the difference value of the peak amplitude by subtracting the minimum peak amplitude in all echo signals from the maximum peak amplitude in all echo signals, and marking the difference value as the fluctuation difference value.

3. A cement-poured surface crack detection system for performing the method of any one of claims 1-2, characterized by, It includes: A primary identification module, which includes transmitting high-frequency sound waves to the cement pouring surface structure by using an ultrasonic instrument, when the sound waves meet the cement pouring surface, the reflection forms an echo, the echo is captured by a receiver, and whether the cement pouring surface exists a crack and the depth of the crack is identified according to the time difference of the echo; An abnormal capture module, which includes marking the echo signal of the crack identified as a crack echo when the cement pouring surface is identified to exist a crack, presetting a data detection amount, when the number of times that the receiver continuously captures the crack echo reaches the data detection amount, all captured crack echo signals are segmented according to time sequence, when the echo signal in the captured echo section produces a large amplitude fluctuation, it is marked as an abnormal echo section; The crack marking module comprises marking a crack position on the cement pouring surface where the abnormal echo section is located when the abnormal echo section is generated, obtaining echo signals in a preset range near the crack position, and marking the echo signals as abnormal adjacent echoes. The result judging module comprises obtaining a signal fluctuation amplitude of the abnormal adjacent echoes, comparing the signal fluctuation amplitude with a fluctuation amplitude of echo signals in the abnormal echo section, and judging whether the abnormal echo section has a false crack phenomenon caused by the rough surface of the cement pouring surface according to a comparison result.

4. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the cement pouring surface crack detection method in any one of claims 1-2.

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