Disaster damage early warning method for offshore single-pile foundation fan under influence of typhoon

Abstract

The invention provides a disaster damage early warning method for an offshore single-pile foundation fan under the influence of typhoon. According to the method, the disaster risk and vulnerability of the offshore wind turbine are calculated by obtaining typhoon and sea wave forecast data and combining the specific position, structural characteristics and marine environment parameters of the offshore wind turbine, and then the disaster risk level of the wind turbine is evaluated. The rapid risk early warning of the disaster damage risk of the offshore single-pile foundation fan under the influence of the typhoon in the extreme weather is realized, the safe operation capability of the offshore fan under the extreme weather condition is effectively improved, the timely early warning information is provided for a wind power plant operator, and the potential economic loss and casualties are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of ocean engineering and natural disaster warning, and particularly to a method for warning of disaster damage to an offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under the influence of a typhoon. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and renewable energy form, offshore wind power has developed rapidly globally in recent years. However, for offshore wind turbines, especially those with monopile foundations, due to their special geographical locations and structural characteristics, the problem of safe operation under extreme weather conditions has become increasingly prominent. Particularly in sea areas with frequent typhoons, offshore wind turbines face huge disaster risks, which may lead to structural damage or even collapse, posing a serious threat to the safe operation of wind farms. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fast and accurate warning method that can accurately predict the degree of disaster damage to offshore monopile foundation wind turbines before a typhoon arrives, so as to take disaster prevention and mitigation measures in a timely manner and ensure the safe operation of wind farms.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for warning of disaster damage to offshore wind turbines under the influence of typhoons are physical model tests and numerical simulations. Although the data from physical model tests is relatively real and reliable, the test cycle is long and the cost is high, which is not suitable for fast warning. Numerical simulation methods can predict the disaster risks of offshore wind turbines based on computer technology and numerical models. However, existing numerical simulation methods often ignore the complexity of the typhoon process and the diversity of offshore wind turbine structures, resulting in inaccurate prediction results and long calculation time, and cannot meet the requirements of fast warning for offshore monopile foundation wind turbines under the influence of typhoons. Therefore, the present invention proposes a new warning method aiming to improve the accuracy and timeliness of warning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for warning of disaster damage to an offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under the influence of a typhoon. This method can comprehensively consider dynamic parameters such as typhoon monitoring data and wave monitoring data, as well as the structural characteristics of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines, divide the risk level through hazard and vulnerability, establish a quantitative relationship between disaster-causing factors and wind turbine structural damage, and achieve fast and accurate warning.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for warning of disaster damage to an offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under the influence of a typhoon, including the following steps:

[0007] Step S1, collect typhoon forecast data and relevant information of offshore wind turbines, and collect or calculate relevant wave data;

[0008] Step S2: Calculate the disaster risk of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine based on the coupling effect between various disaster-causing factors, and divide the risk levels.

[0009] Step S3: Divide the vulnerability levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine based on the classification of wind turbine generator sets.

[0010] Step S4: Divide the disaster risk levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine based on the risk levels and vulnerability levels.

[0011] Step S5: Conduct risk early warning according to the disaster risk levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. For the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under the influence of typhoons, by comprehensively considering the typhoon disaster risk, using advanced risk assessment techniques and monitoring and early warning methods, the main disaster-causing factors of typhoons on the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine can be accurately identified. Further, a quantitative relationship between the disaster-causing factors and the damage degree of the wind turbine is constructed using scientific algorithms, thereby realizing the early warning of the damage of the wind turbine caused by disasters. This method can minimize the impact of typhoons on offshore wind turbines and ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind turbines.

[0014] 2. Combining the analysis of the damage mechanism of typhoon disasters and the dynamic response simulation of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines, the present invention can provide a scientific basis for the siting of wind turbines. By systematically evaluating the typhoon risk of potential siting areas and comprehensively considering the disaster risk of typhoons of different intensities, a spatial distribution map of the risk levels for the siting of offshore wind turbines can be made. This can not only help decision-makers avoid siting wind turbines in areas with high typhoon risks, reduce the disaster risks during the construction and operation processes, but also provide a basis for the risk assessment and upgrading and transformation of existing wind turbines.

[0015] 3. The present invention can quickly and accurately evaluate the risk of typhoons to offshore monopile foundation wind turbines, and then judge the damage levels of the wind turbines caused by disasters. Compared with the traditional methods that rely on empirical judgment and qualitative analysis, the present invention can give an accurate prediction of the damage degree of the wind turbine within a short time (such as within a few minutes), greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of early warning. This helps the project side to take effective preventive measures and emergency plans in a timely manner, minimizing the losses caused by typhoons to offshore wind turbines. At the same time, it also provides a scientific basis for the design of offshore wind power insurance products and the formulation of risk transfer strategies. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is the path map of Typhoon "Yagi" in the embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 It is the flow chart of the implementation steps in the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the early warning method according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is a further detailed description of the damage warning method for offshore single pile foundation wind turbines under the influence of typhoons in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 - 3 As shown, the method mainly includes the following steps:

[0020] Step S1, collecting typhoon forecast data and offshore wind turbine related data, and collecting or calculating wave related data;

[0021] Step S2, calculating the disaster risk of the offshore single pile foundation wind turbine based on the coupling effect between various disaster-causing factors, and classifying the risk level.

[0022] Step S3, classifying the disaster vulnerability level of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine based on the level of the wind turbine generator set.

[0023] Step S4, based on the hazard level and the vulnerability level, classify the disaster risk level of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine.

[0024] Step S5, carrying out risk warning according to the disaster risk level of the offshore single pile foundation wind turbine.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, for the above main steps, in this embodiment, taking the disaster risk warning of Hainan Wenchang Power Plant during Super Typhoon "Makar" No. 2411 as an example, each of the above steps is specifically described in detail.

[0026] Step S1, collecting typhoon forecast data and offshore wind turbine related data, and collecting or calculating wave related data; specifically:

[0027] Step S11, collecting typhoon forecast data during the period when the typhoon affects the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine through meteorological departments or professional meteorological service agencies, including the predicted typhoon path, impact time, typhoon center position, central air pressure, maximum wind speed, maximum wind speed radius, seventh-level wind circle radius, tenth-level wind circle radius and twelfth-level wind circle radius.

[0028] At 16:20 on September 6, 2024, Typhoon "Yagi" made landfall in the coastal area east of Wengtian Town, Wenchang City. The landing level was a super typhoon, with the maximum wind force near the center being level 17 (62 m / s) and the lowest central pressure being 915 hPa. After making landfall, "Yagi" passed through Haikou City and moved into the Qiongzhou Strait, and made a second landfall around 22:20 on the 6th in Jiaowei Township, Xuwen County, Guangdong Province (level 17, 58 m / s), and then moved into the Beibu Gulf sea area. Around 15:30 on the 7th, "Yagi" made a third landfall in the southern coastal area of Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam (level 17, 58 m / s). After this landing, its intensity rapidly weakened and it had weakened to a tropical storm level by 05:00 on the 8th. The path of Typhoon "Yagi" is as Figure 1 shown.

[0029] The time when Typhoon "Yagi" had a greater impact on the Wenchang Wind Farm in Mulan Bay was from September 5 to September 7. The position of the typhoon center was 111.4°E, 19.7°N, the central pressure was 905 hPa, the maximum wind speed was 68 m / s, the radius of the maximum wind speed was 30 - 40 km, the radius of the force 7 wind circle was 350 km, the radius of the force 10 wind circle was 120 km, and the radius of the force 12 wind circle was 60 km.

[0030] Step S12, by calculating or using the wave forecast data for the period when the typhoon affects the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines by the marine forecast department or professional marine forecast service agencies, etc., including the forecast maximum significant wave height, wave direction, and wave period.

[0031] At 08:00 on September 6, 2024, the National Marine Forecast Station issued a red wave alert. The specific content was: Affected by the 11th super typhoon "Yagi" this year, it is expected that from noon on September 6 to noon on September 7, there will be a rough sea to very rough sea area of 8 to 13 meters in the northern part of the South China Sea, and a rough sea to very rough sea area of 6 to 9 meters in the Beibu Gulf. The early warning level for sea waves in the offshore sea area is orange. In the nearshore sea areas of western Guangdong, northern and eastern Hainan, there will be huge waves to rough seas of 4 to 7 meters, and the early warning level for sea waves in this nearshore sea area is red. The Wenchang Wind Farm in Mulan Bay is located on the northern coast of Hainan, and it is expected that the maximum wave height can reach 7 meters.

[0032] Step S13, collect the names, locations, scales, spatial distributions, and wind turbine generator grades of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines.

[0033] The Huaneng Wenchang Wind Farm is located in Wenchang City, Hainan Province, with a planned installed capacity of 1.2 million kilowatts. In the first phase, 33 Huairui 1500 - kilowatt wind turbine generators are built, with a total capacity of 495,000 kilowatts. The annual utilization hours are about 2087 hours, and the annual on - grid power can reach about 103 million kWh.

[0034] The closest distance between the typhoon's landing point and the Wenchang Wind Farm in Mulan Bay is 7 kilometers. The construction standard of the Wenchang Wind Farm is to resist a wind speed of 50 m / s, which is about level 15 wind at most.

[0035] Step S2: Calculate the disaster risk of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine based on the coupling effect between various disaster-causing factors, and divide the risk levels. Specifically:

[0036] Step S21: Calculate the wind speed V at the hub height of the wind turbine according to the typhoon data and wind turbine information collected in Step S11 and Step S13. e It is calculated using the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] where Z e represents the hub height of the wind turbine; α represents the wind shear exponent, which is taken as 0.12 in areas such as the offshore sea surface, islands, and coasts; V1 represents the wind speed at a height of 10 meters above the sea surface, and is calculated using the following formula:

[0039] When the typhoon only has RMW, the wind speed V1 at a height of 10 meters above the sea surface is calculated according to the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] When the typhoon only has RMW and R7, the wind speed V1 at a height of 10 meters above the sea surface is calculated according to the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] When the typhoon only has RMW, R7, and R10, the wind speed V1 at a height of 10 meters above the sea surface is calculated according to the following formula:

[0044]

[0045] When the typhoon only has RMW, R7, R10, and R12, the wind speed V1 at a height of 10 meters above the sea surface is calculated according to the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] where RMW represents the radius of the maximum wind speed of the typhoon, V max represents the maximum wind speed of the typhoon, M represents the distance between the typhoon center and the offshore wind turbine, R7 represents the radius of the 7th level wind circle, R 10 represents the radius of the 10th level wind circle, R 12 represents the radius of the 12th level wind circle, V7 represents the wind speed of the 7th level (the value is 13.9 m / s), V 10 represents the wind speed of the 10th level (the value is 24.5 m / s), V 12 represents the wind speed of the 12th level (the value is 32.6 m / s).

[0048] The closest distance from the typhoon landing point to the Wenchang Wind Farm in Mulan Bay is 7 km, within the maximum wind speed radius. Therefore, the wind speed V1 at a height of 10 m above the sea surface is the maximum wind speed value of 68 m / s. The hub height is approximately 110 km, and calculate the wind speed V at the hub height of the wind turbine e The value is 90.7 m / s.

[0049] Step S22, based on the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine calculated in step S21 and the wave forecast data collected in step S12, calculate the disaster risk of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine based on the coupling effect between various disaster-causing factors. The following formula is used for calculation:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, H represents the risk, and H max represents the maximum significant wave height in the sea area near the wind turbine.

[0052] According to the wind speed V at the hub height of the wind turbine calculated in step S21 e The value is 90.7 m / s, which is greater than 75 m / s. Therefore, the risk value H is 1.

[0053] Step S23, define the disaster risk level of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine.

[0054] According to the risk calculation result calculated in step S22, divide the risk H into five levels: high, medium-high, medium, medium-low, and low, corresponding to the risk values (0.8, 1], (0.6, 0.8], (0.4, 0.6], (0.2, 0.4], and (0, 0.2].

[0055] According to the risk calculation result H = 1 calculated in step S22, the risk level of the wind turbines in the Wenchang Wind Farm in Mulan Bay under the influence of the typhoon "Capricorn" is high.

[0056] Step S3, based on the classification of wind turbine generators, divide the disaster vulnerability level of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbine. Specifically:

[0057] Step S31, define the wind turbine generator level. According to the maximum wind speed once in 50 years designed for the wind turbine generator, divide the wind turbine generator level into level I, level II, level III, and level IV, corresponding to the maximum wind speed values once in 50 years of 50 m / s, 42.5 m / s, 37.5 m / s, and 30 m / s.

[0058] According to the collected data, the construction standard of the Wenchang Wind Farm in Mulan Bay is to resist a wind speed of 50 m / s, that is, the maximum is about level 15 wind. The corresponding wind turbine generator level is level I.

[0059] Step S32: Define the vulnerability levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines affected by disasters. According to the wind turbine generator levels defined in Step S31, the vulnerability is divided into four levels: high, medium-high, medium-low, and low, corresponding to the wind turbine generator levels of IV, III, II, and I respectively.

[0060] According to the wind turbine generator level I of the Wenchang Wind Power Plant in Mulan Bay determined in Step S31, the vulnerability level of the wind turbines in the Wenchang Wind Power Plant in Mulan Bay under the influence of Typhoon "Megi" is low.

[0061] Step S4: Based on the hazard level and vulnerability level, divide the risk levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines affected by disasters. Specifically:

[0062] Step S41: Define the risk level table for the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines affected by disasters. According to the hazard level defined in Step S23 and the vulnerability level defined in Step S32, make the risk level table for the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines affected by disasters. The table content is shown in Table 1:

[0063] Table 1 Risk Level Table for the Offshore Monopile Foundation Wind Turbines Affected by Disasters

[0064]

[0065] Step S42: Define the risk levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines affected by disasters. According to the risk level table formulated in Step S41, determine the risk levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines affected by disasters. The risk levels are divided into five levels, namely I (high risk), II (medium-high risk), III (medium risk), IV (medium-low risk), and V (low risk).

[0066] According to the high hazard level of the wind turbines in the Wenchang Wind Power Plant in Mulan Bay under the influence of Typhoon "Megi" determined in Step S2, and the low vulnerability level of the wind turbines in the Wenchang Wind Power Plant in Mulan Bay under the influence of Typhoon "Megi" determined in Step S32, combined with the risk level table defined in Step S41, it can be found from the table that the risk level of the wind turbines in the Wenchang Wind Power Plant in Mulan Bay under the influence of Typhoon "Megi" is II (medium-high risk).

[0067] Step S5: Conduct risk early warning according to the risk levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines affected by disasters.

[0068] Specifically:

[0069] Step S51: Define the risk early warning levels of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines affected by disasters, which are divided into five levels: red, orange, yellow, blue, and green, corresponding to the risk levels I (high risk), II (medium-high risk), III (medium risk), IV (medium-low risk), and V (low risk) defined in Step S42 respectively.

[0070] According to the risk level of the wind turbines in Wenchang Wind Power Plant in Mulan Bay affected by Typhoon "Capricorn" determined in step S42, which is level II (medium-high risk), it can be known that the risk warning level of the wind turbines in Wenchang Wind Power Plant in Mulan Bay affected by Typhoon "Capricorn" is orange.

[0071] Step S52: Generate warning information based on the risk warning level of the offshore single-pile foundation wind turbines obtained in step S51, including the warning level, the expected disaster-affected time, the expected impact degree, the recommended protective measures, etc. Timely convey the warning information to the wind farm operator and relevant management departments so as to take necessary countermeasures.

[0072] In the present invention, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for warning of disasters and damages of a single-pile foundation wind turbine at sea under the influence of typhoons, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1: Collect typhoon forecast data and information related to offshore wind turbines, and collect or calculate wave-related data; Step S2: Calculate the disaster risk of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines and divide the risk levels; Step S3: Based on the classification of wind turbine generator sets, divide the vulnerability levels of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines to disasters; Step S4: Based on the risk levels and vulnerability levels, divide the disaster risk levels of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines; Step S5: Conduct risk early warning according to the disaster risk levels of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines.

2. The disaster damage warning method for an offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under the influence of a typhoon according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific content of step S1 is as follows: Step S11: Collect typhoon forecast data during the period when typhoons affect offshore monopile foundation wind turbines through meteorological departments or meteorological service agencies; Step S12: Calculate or adopt the wave forecast data for the period when typhoons affect offshore monopile foundation wind turbines by the marine forecast department or marine forecast service agency, including the forecast maximum significant wave height, wave direction, and wave period; Step S13: Collect information on offshore monopile foundation wind turbines, including the name, location, scale, spatial distribution, and wind turbine generator set classification of the offshore monopile foundation wind turbines.

3. The disaster damage warning method for an offshore single-pile foundation wind turbine under typhoon influence according to claim 2, characterized in that The typhoon forecast data includes: forecast typhoon path, influence time, typhoon center location, central pressure, maximum wind speed, maximum wind speed radius, radius of the 7th-level wind circle, radius of the 10th-level wind circle, and radius of the 12th-level wind circle.

4. A method for warning of disaster damage to an offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under the influence of a typhoon, characterized in that, The specific content of step S2 is as follows: Step S21: Calculate the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine according to the collected typhoon data and wind turbine information; Step S22: Calculate the disaster risk of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines according to the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine and the calculated or collected wave forecast data; Step S23: Define the disaster risk levels of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines according to the calculation results of the disaster risk.

5. A disaster damage warning method for an offshore single-pile foundation wind turbine under typhoon influence according to claim 4, characterized in that The wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine is calculated using the following formula: Among them, Z e represents the hub height of the wind turbine, α represents the wind shear exponent, and V1 represents the wind speed at a height of 10 meters above the sea surface.

6. The disaster damage warning method for an offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under typhoon influence according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wind speed V1 at a height of 10 meters above the sea surface is calculated using the following formula: When the typhoon only has RMW When the typhoon only has RMW and R7 When the typhoon only has RMW, R7, and R10 When the typhoon only has RMW, R7, R10, and R12 Among them, RMW represents the radius of the maximum wind speed of the typhoon, V max represents the maximum wind speed of the typhoon, M represents the distance between the typhoon center and the offshore wind turbine, R7 represents the radius of the 7th-grade wind circle, R 10 represents the radius of the 10th-grade wind circle, R 12 represents the radius of the 12th-grade wind circle, V7 represents the 7th-grade wind speed, V 10 represents the 10th-grade wind speed, V 12 represents the 12th-grade wind speed.

7. A method for warning of disaster damage of an offshore single-pile foundation wind turbine under typhoon influence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific content of step S3 is as follows: Step S31: Define the classification of wind turbine generator sets; Step S32: Define the vulnerability levels of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines to disasters according to the classification of wind turbine generator sets.

8. The disaster damage warning method for an offshore single-pile foundation wind turbine under typhoon influence according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific content of step S4 is as follows: Step S41: Define the disaster risk level table of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines according to the defined risk levels and vulnerability levels; Step S42: Define the disaster risk levels of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines, and determine the disaster risk levels of offshore monopile foundation wind turbines according to the risk level table.

9. The disaster damage warning method for an offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under typhoon influence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific content of step S5 is as follows: Step S51: Define the disaster risk early warning levels corresponding to the risk levels; Step S52: Generate early warning information according to the risk early warning levels and conduct risk early warning.

10. A method for warning of disaster damage of an offshore monopile foundation wind turbine under typhoon influence according to claim 9, characterized in that, The early warning information includes: early warning level, expected disaster time, expected impact degree, and recommended protective measures.

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