Additive modified perovskite light absorption layer material, preparation method and perovskite solar cell

Abstract

The invention relates to an additive modified perovskite light absorption layer material, a preparation method and a perovskite solar cell, the perovskite light absorption layer material comprises a perovskite precursor liquid and an additive solution, and the content of the additive solution in the perovskite light absorption layer material is 3%-5%; the perovskite precursor liquid is prepared from the following components: formamidine hydriodate, cesium iodide, methylamine bromate, lead bromide and lead iodide, and the molar ratio of the components is (0.9 to 1.1) to (0.05 to 0.1) to (0.1 to 0.3) to (0.1 to 0.3) to (1 to 1.3); the additive solution is prepared from the following components: isoamyl amine hydriodate, methylamine iodine and lead iodide; the molar ratio of all the components is (0.2 to 0.5): (0.6 to 0.8): (1 to 1.2); the crystal quality of the perovskite thin film can be optimized, the generation of defects is reduced, and the photoelectric property and the stability of the cell are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of perovskite solar cell preparation, and particularly relates to an additive-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer material, a preparation method thereof, and a perovskite solar cell. Background Art

[0002] With the growing global demand for clean and renewable energy, solar energy technology has become an important research field. Among numerous solar energy technologies, perovskite solar cells, as emerging third-generation solar cells, have received extensive attention due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. Perovskite cells possess advantages such as a high light absorption coefficient, adjustable bandgap, long carrier lifetime, and low preparation cost, which show great potential in photovoltaic technology. In recent years, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite cells has exceeded 26%, demonstrating their remarkable performance. However, the actual efficiency is still lower than its theoretical limit, mainly due to the defects existing in the perovskite thin film.

[0003] The crystallization process of the perovskite thin film is crucial for its optoelectronic properties. Inappropriate conditions during the crystallization process may lead to uneven crystal growth and an increase in defects at grain boundaries. These defects not only reduce the optoelectronic properties but may also become adsorption sites for moisture and oxygen, accelerating the degradation of the thin film. In addition, the defects interfere with the transport and extraction of carriers, further affecting the overall efficiency of the battery. Therefore, reducing the defects in the perovskite thin film and improving the crystallization quality are key strategies for enhancing the photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of the battery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an additive-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer material, a preparation method thereof, and a perovskite solar cell, which uses isoamylammonium iodide as a novel amine salt additive, and its unique molecular structure enables it to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is an additive-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer material, wherein the perovskite light-absorbing layer material comprises a perovskite precursor solution and an additive solution, and the content of the additive solution in the perovskite light-absorbing layer material is 3% - 5%;

[0006] The perovskite precursor solution is composed of the following components: formamidinium iodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromide, lead bromide, and lead iodide, and the molar ratio of each component is: (0.9 - 1.1):(0.05 - 0.1):(0.1 - 0.3):(0.1 - 0.3):(1 - 1.3);

[0007] The additive solution consists of the following components: isoamylamine hydroiodide, methylamine iodide, and lead iodide; the molar ratio of each component is: (0.2 - 0.5):(0.6 - 0.8):(1 - 1.2).

[0008] Preferably, the perovskite precursor solution further includes a mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to dimethyl sulfoxide is: (4 - 9):1;

[0009] The additive solution further includes a mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to dimethyl sulfoxide is: (4 - 6):1.

[0010] Preferably, the ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to dimethyl sulfoxide in the perovskite precursor solution is 6:1;

[0011] The ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to dimethyl sulfoxide in the additive solution is 5:1.

[0012] A preparation method of an additive-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer material includes:

[0013] Prepare a perovskite precursor solution by dissolving formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide into a mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and let it stand for 2 - 4 h at room temperature after shaking; the molar ratio of formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide is: (0.9 - 1.1):(0.05 - 0.1):(0.1 - 0.3):(1 - 1.3); and keep the content of the precursor mixture formed by formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide in 1 mL of the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide to be 1.2 - 1.7 mmol;

[0014] Prepare an additive solution by dissolving isoamylamine hydroiodide, methylamine iodide, and lead iodide into a mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and let it stand for 2 - 4 h after shaking; the molar ratio of isoamylamine hydroiodide, methylamine iodide, and lead iodide is: (0.2 - 0.5):(0.6 - 0.8):(1 - 1.2); and keep the content of the additive solution formed by isoamylamine hydroiodide, methylamine iodide, and lead iodide in 1 mL of the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide to be 0.8 - 1.2 mmol;

[0015] The prepared perovskite precursor solution is coated on the hole transport layer. Using chlorobenzene as an antisolvent, the prepared additive solution is deposited on the hole transport layer coated with the perovskite precursor solution to deposit a perovskite film, and finally annealed at 100 - 110 °C for 8 - 12 min to form a perovskite light-absorbing layer; among them, the mass percentage between the perovskite precursor solution and the additive solution is (95% - 97%):(5% - 3%).

[0016] Preferably, the mass percentage of the perovskite precursor solution and the additive solution is 96%:4%.

[0017] A perovskite solar cell includes a perovskite light-absorbing layer, and the perovskite light-absorbing layer is made according to the preparation method of the perovskite light-absorbing layer material modified with any one of the additives in claims 4 - 5.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes an ITO substrate layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light-absorbing layer, an electron transport layer, and a top electrode layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0019] Preferably, the electron transport layer includes a LiF layer, a C60 layer, and a BCP layer arranged from bottom to top.

[0020] The specific beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] Introducing a new type of highly efficient additive into the material of the perovskite light-absorbing layer can optimize the crystallization quality of the perovskite film, reduce the generation of defects, and improve the optoelectronic performance and stability of the battery. At the same time, isopentylamine hydroiodide has a large steric hindrance and a rich supply of iodide ions, which may make it show better effects than other traditional additives in terms of grain growth, grain boundary control, and surface defect passivation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and their design solutions, the drawings required for the present embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings in the following description are only partial embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the perovskite solar cell in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is the solar spectral energy diagram of different perovskite solar cells in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0026] When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0027] When preparing the perovskite light-absorbing layer material, adding some additives to the material can optimize the crystallization quality of the perovskite thin film, reduce the generation of defects, and improve the optoelectronic performance and stability of the battery by introducing new and efficient additives; therefore, exploring and developing perovskite additives with superior performance has important scientific significance for improving the photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells, and has a positive impact on promoting their commercial application.

[0028] This embodiment provides a perovskite light-absorbing layer material modified with an additive. The perovskite light-absorbing layer material includes a perovskite precursor liquid and an additive solution, and the content of the additive solution in the perovskite light-absorbing layer material is 3% - 5%.

[0029] The perovskite precursor liquid is composed of the following materials: formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, lead iodide, and a mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, where: the molar ratio of formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide is: (0.9 - 1.1):(0.05 - 0.1):(0.1 - 0.3):(0.1 - 0.3):(1 - 1.3); the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in the mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is: (4 - 9):1.

[0030] In this embodiment, the preferred molar ratio of formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide is: 1:0.08:0.2:0.2:1.2; the ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in the mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is 6:1.

[0031] When preparing the perovskite precursor solution, formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromide, lead bromide and lead iodide are dissolved in a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide according to a set molar ratio, and the content of the precursor mixture formed by formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromide, lead bromide and lead iodide in 1 mL of the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is 1.2 - 1.7 mmol. In this example, the optimal concentration of the perovskite precursor solution is preferably 1.6 M, that is, 1 mL of the mixed solvent formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide contains 1.6 mmol of the precursor mixture formed by formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromide, lead bromide and lead iodide dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide;

[0032] The additive solution consists of the following components: isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, lead iodide and a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide; wherein, the molar ratio of isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, lead iodide is: (0.2 - 0.5):(0.6 - 0.8):(1 - 1.2); the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in the mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is: (4 - 6):1;

[0033] In this example, the preferred molar ratio of isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, lead iodide is: 0.3:0.7:1.1; the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in the mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is: 5:1

[0034] When preparing the additive solution, the mixture formed by isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, lead iodide is dissolved in the mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide according to a set molar ratio, and the content of the mixture formed by isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, lead iodide in 1 mL of the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is 0.8 - 1.2 mmol; in this example, the optimal concentration of the additive solution is preferably 0.9 M, that is, 1 mL of the mixed solvent formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide contains 0.9 mmol of the mixture formed by isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, lead iodide.

[0035] The molecular formula of isopentylammonium hydroiodide in this example is:

[0036]

[0037] In this embodiment, a novel and efficient additive is introduced into the perovskite light-absorbing layer material, which can optimize the crystallization quality of the perovskite thin film, reduce the generation of defects, and improve the optoelectronic performance and stability of the battery. At the same time, isopentylammonium hydroiodide has a large steric hindrance and abundant iodine ion supply, which may make it show better effects than other traditional additives in aspects such as grain growth, grain boundary control, and surface defect passivation.

[0038] According to the components in the perovskite light-absorbing layer material, this embodiment also provides a preparation method for an additive-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer material, including:

[0039] Step 1: Prepare a perovskite precursor solution. Prepare formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromide, lead bromide, and lead iodide according to a set molar ratio. Dissolve the prepared formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromide, lead bromide, and lead iodide into a mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and shake for 2 - 4 h at room temperature and then set aside. In this embodiment, it is preferably shaken for 3 h to obtain the perovskite precursor solution. Among them, the molar ratio of formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromide, lead bromide, and lead iodide is: (0.9 - 1.1):(0.05 - 0.1):(0.1 - 0.3):(0.1 - 0.3):(1 - 1.3); the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is: (4 - 9):1. Specifically, 1.6 mmol of formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromide, lead bromide, and lead iodide are dissolved into the precursor mixture formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in 1 mL of the mixed solvent of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0040] Step 2: Prepare an additive solution. Obtain isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, and lead iodide according to a set ratio. Dissolve the obtained isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, and lead iodide into a mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and shake for 2 - 4 h at room temperature and then set aside; the shaking time in this embodiment is 3 h to obtain the additive solution. In this embodiment, the molar ratio of isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, and lead iodide is (0.2 - 0.5):(0.6 - 0.8):(1 - 1.2); the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is: (4 - 6):1; specifically, 0.9 mmol of the mixture formed by isopentylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, and lead iodide is contained in 1 mL of the mixed solvent formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0041] Step 3: Coat the prepared perovskite precursor solution onto the hole transport layer. Using chlorobenzene as an anti-solvent, deposit the prepared additive solution onto the hole transport layer coated with the perovskite precursor solution to deposit a perovskite film. Specifically, when coating, use the spin-coating method to coat the perovskite precursor solution onto the hole transport layer, and finally anneal at 105 °C for 10 min to form the perovskite light-absorbing layer. Among them, the content of the additive solution in the mixed solution formed by the perovskite precursor solution and the additive solution is 3% - 5%. Among them, the concentration of the perovskite precursor solution is 1.2 - 1.5 M.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, this example provides a perovskite solar cell, including an ITO substrate layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light-absorbing layer, an electron transport layer, and a top electrode layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top. Among them, the electron transport layer includes a LiF layer, a C60 layer, and a BCP layer arranged from bottom to top.

[0044] When preparing, proceed according to the following method:

[0045] S1. Pretreat the ITO substrate layer. When processing, ultrasonically clean with ITO glass cleaner, deionized water, acetone, and isopropanol for 30 min each in sequence; place the cleaned ITO substrate in a blast drying oven and dry at 100 °C for 15 min.

[0046] S2. Prepare the hole transport layer on the ITO substrate layer. Place the pretreated ITO substrate in an ultraviolet ozone machine for ozone treatment for 25 min, and then spin-coat an ethanol solution of 1 mol / mL MeO-2PACz on the ITO surface and perform annealing treatment at 100 °C for 10 min to form the hole transport layer.

[0047] S3. Prepare the perovskite light-absorbing layer on the hole transport layer. Dissolve isoamylammonium hydroiodide (0.3 M), MAI (0.7 M), and PbI2 (1.1 M) in a mixed solution of DMF:DMSO = 5:1 to prepare an additive solution, and shake at room temperature for 2 h for standby; spin-coat the perovskite precursor mixed solution modified with isoamylammonium hydroiodide additive on the surface of the hole transport layer. The perovskite light-absorbing layer is Cs 0.05 (MA 0.05 FA 0.95 ) 0.95 Pb(Br 0.05 I 0.95) 3. The specific preparation process is as follows: Dissolve formamidinium hydroiodide (1M), cesium iodide (0.08M), methylammonium bromate (0.2M), lead bromide (0.2M), and lead iodide (1.2M) in a mixed solution of DMF:DMSO = 6:1, shake for 2 - 3 h and set aside. Add 3% additive solution to mix with the perovskite precursor solution (for example, add 3 uL of additive solution to 100 uL of perovskite precursor solution), use chlorobenzene (CB) as the antisolvent, deposit a layer of perovskite film on the hole transport layer by a one-step method, and then anneal at 105 °C for 10 min to form a perovskite light-absorbing layer;

[0048] S4. Prepare an electron transport layer on the perovskite light-absorbing layer. Evaporate a layer of lithium fluoride (LiF), fullerene (C60), and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (BCP) in sequence on the surface of the perovskite layer modified with isopentylammonium hydroiodide to obtain the electron transport layer;

[0049] S5. Evaporate silver (Ag) on the electron transport layer as the top electrode layer to obtain an inverted perovskite solar cell

[0050] The effective area of the perovskite solar cell prepared by the above method is 0.0266 cm 2 . Use a mask with an effective area of 0.0266 cm 2 to prepare the device.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Based on Example 1, in step S3, the content of the isopentylammonium hydroiodide additive solution is 4%. An inverted perovskite solar cell device modified with 4% isopentylammonium hydroiodide is obtained under the same preparation conditions. The effective area of the battery prepared by the above preparation method is 0.0266 cm 2 . Use a mask with an effective area of 0.0266 cm 2 to prepare the device.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] Based on Example 1, in step S3, the content of the isopentylammonium hydroiodide additive solution is 5%. An inverted perovskite solar cell device modified with isopentylammonium hydroiodide is obtained under the same preparation conditions. The effective area of the battery prepared by the above preparation method is 0.0266 cm 2 . Use a mask with an effective area of 0.0266 cm 2 to prepare the device.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] Step 1: Ultrasonically clean with ITO glass cleaner, deionized water, acetone, and isopropanol for 30 min each in sequence; place the cleaned ITO substrate in a blast drying oven and dry at 100 °C for 15 min.

[0057] Step 2: Place the cleaned and dried ITO substrate in an ultraviolet ozone machine and expose it to ozone for 25 min.

[0058] Step 3: Spin-coat a 1 mol / mL ethanol solution of MeO-2PACz on the ITO surface treated in Step 2, and anneal at 100 °C for 10 min to form a hole transport layer.

[0059] Step 4: Spin-coat a perovskite precursor mixed solution unmodified by isopentylamine hydroiodide additive on the surface of the hole transport layer. The perovskite light-absorbing layer is Cs 0.05 (MA 0.05 FA 0.95 ) 0.95 Pb(Br0.05I 0.95 )3. The specific preparation process is as follows: Dissolve PbI2, MABr, PbBr2, FAI, and CsI in a mixed solution of DMF:DMSO = 4:1, use CB as an antisolvent, deposit a perovskite film on the hole transport layer by a one-step method, and then anneal at 105 °C for 10 min to form a perovskite light-absorbing layer.

[0060] Step 5: Evaporate a layer of LiF, C60, and BCP in sequence on the surface of the above perovskite layer to obtain an electron transport layer.

[0061] Step 6: Finally, evaporate Ag as the top electrode on the electron transport layer.

[0062] After the above steps, an inverted perovskite solar cell is obtained.

[0063] Perform performance tests on the solar cells prepared in Examples 2 - 4 and the comparative example. The test results are shown in the following table:

[0064] The table is a data sheet for battery performance detection:

[0065]

[0066] At the same time, perform tests on the solar cells prepared in Examples 1 - 3 and the comparative example under AM1.5G illumination of the solar spectrum energy. The comparison diagram of the JV curves of the test results is as Figure 2 shown.

[0067] As can be seen from the above tests, when preparing the perovskite light-absorbing layer in this application, the added isoamylammonium iodide is utilized. The unique molecular structure of this isoamylammonium iodide shows great potential in improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells; isoamylammonium iodide has a large steric hindrance and abundant iodine ion supply, which makes it likely to exhibit better effects than other traditional additives in aspects such as grain growth, grain boundary control, and surface defect passivation.

[0068] In addition, any combination can be made among various different embodiments of the present disclosure as long as it does not violate the idea of the present disclosure, and it should equally be regarded as the content disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An additive-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer material, characterized in that, The perovskite light-absorbing layer material includes a perovskite precursor solution and an additive solution, and the content of the additive solution in the perovskite light-absorbing layer material is 3%-5%; The perovskite precursor solution consists of the following components: formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide, and the molar ratio of each component is: (0.9-1.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.1-0.3):(0.1-0.3):(1-1.3); The additive solution consists of the following components: isoamylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, and lead iodide; the molar ratio of each component is: (0.2-0.5):(0.6-0.8):(1-1.2).

2. The perovskite light-absorbing layer material modified with an additive according to claim 1, wherein The perovskite precursor solution also includes a mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to dimethyl sulfoxide is: (4-9):1; The additive solution also includes a mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and the molar ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to dimethyl sulfoxide is: (4-6):

1.

3. The perovskite light-absorbing layer material modified with an additive according to claim 2, characterized in that The ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to dimethyl sulfoxide in the perovskite precursor solution is 6:1; The ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to dimethyl sulfoxide in the additive solution is 5:

1.

4. A preparation method of an additive-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer material, characterized in that, Including: Prepare the perovskite precursor solution, dissolve formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide into the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, shake it indoors for 2-4 h and then set aside; the molar ratio of formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide is: (0.9-1.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.1-0.3):(1-1.3); and keep the content of the precursor mixture formed by formamidinium hydroiodide, cesium iodide, methylammonium bromate, lead bromide, and lead iodide in 1 mL of the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide to be 1.2-1.7 mmol; Prepare the additive solution, dissolve isoamylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, and lead iodide into the mixed solution composed of N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, shake it for 2-4 h and then set aside; The molar ratio of isoamylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, and lead iodide is: (0.2-0.5):(0.6-0.8):(1-1.2); and keep the content of the additive solution formed by isoamylammonium hydroiodide, methylammonium iodide, and lead iodide in 1 mL of the mixed solution formed by N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide to be 0.8-1.2 mmol; Coat the prepared perovskite precursor solution on the hole transport layer, use chlorobenzene as an antisolvent, deposit the prepared additive solution on the hole transport layer coated with the perovskite precursor solution to deposit a perovskite film, and finally anneal it at 100-110 °C for 8-12 min to form a perovskite light-absorbing layer; among them, the mass percentage between the perovskite precursor solution and the additive solution is (95%-97%):(5%-3%).

5. The preparation method of a perovskite light-absorbing layer material modified with an additive according to claim 4, wherein, The mass percentage of the perovskite precursor liquid and the additive solution is 96%:4%.

6. A perovskite solar cell, characterized in that, It includes a perovskite light-absorbing layer, which is made by the preparation method of the perovskite light-absorbing layer material modified by any one of the additives according to claims 4-5.

7. A perovskite solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an ITO base layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light-absorbing layer, an electron transport layer, and a top electrode layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

8. A perovskite solar cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electron transport layer described includes a LiF layer, a C60 layer, and a BCP layer arranged from bottom to top.

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