Mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device and fiber winding method

Abstract

The invention provides a mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device and a fiber winding method, and belongs to the technical field of composite material molding.The mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device comprises a support, a clamping mechanism, a spiral extension spring, a constant force mechanism and a yarn guide mechanism; the mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device has the advantages of an electric control type tension regulation and control mode and a mechanical tension regulation and control mode, is simple in structure and high in sensitivity, can carry out real-time regulation and control according to the tension of fibers, flexibly sets the tension and can realize layer-by-layer decrease of the tension, and two fiber winding methods are provided based on the mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device, so that the mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. The two winding methods are respectively a constant-tension fiber winding method and a tension-decreasing fiber winding method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of composite material forming, and specifically discloses a fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension and a fiber winding method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid rise of the manufacturing industry, the demand for lightweight, high-strength, and harsh environment-resistant products in the fields of aerospace, medical and health, pipeline containers, etc. is increasing day by day, which has promoted the rapid popularization of fiber-wound products. Fiber winding is a highly automated industrial process, and the efficient and stable control of the winding tension is the key technology. There are strict requirements for the winding tension in the process, and it has an important impact on the quality of fiber-wound products. In the winding process, due to factors such as the time-varying nature, strong uncertainty, and coupling of the tension system, the tension control becomes complicated. If the tension is too large, it will cause an increase in fiber wear, and in severe cases, there will be phenomena of tearing and yarn breakage. When winding a plastic-lined pressure vessel, too large a tension will also cause deformation of the core mold lining. If the tension is too small, it is impossible to ensure that the fiber bundle winds on the core mold along a predetermined path and the performance between fiber layers, ultimately resulting in a reduction in the strength of the fiber-wound product.

[0003] The existing tension control methods mainly include two types: electronic control type and mechanical type.

[0004] The electronic control type tension control method, such as a Chinese patent with the publication number CN215797592U, discloses a yarn rack with secondary tension application. The constant torque output is controlled by a second servo motor, and the carbon yarn tension is detected by a tension sensor and the tension signal is fed back to the servo motor to achieve the constant tension output control of the carbon yarn. However, due to the time-varying characteristics of the tension, the lag of the electronic control system adjustment, and the large number of components and complex installation, there are problems of insufficient sensitivity, control lag, and inability to flexibly set the tension size in the actual production process.

[0005] The mechanical type tension control method, such as a Chinese patent with the publication number CN221343388U, discloses a constant tension winding bracket for fiber products, which can effectively simplify the structure and improve the problems existing in the electronic control type tension control method, but it cannot achieve a gradually decreasing tension layer by layer. During the winding process, as the winding work progresses, the tension of the inner fiber layer should be slightly less than that of the outer layer. The fiber-wound product produced according to this rule has better performance, that is, the tension system in which the tension of the fiber-wound product decreases from the inside to the outside. Currently, there is no relevant mechanical type tension control method that can achieve this. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension, which combines the advantages of electric control type tension regulation method and mechanical tension regulation method, has a simple structure, high sensitivity, can perform real-time regulation according to the tension of the fiber, flexibly set the tension size, and can achieve a gradual decrease in tension layer by layer. Based on the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension, two fiber winding methods are proposed, namely the constant tension fiber winding method and the tension decreasing fiber winding method.

[0007] The fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension provided by the present invention includes a bracket, a clamping mechanism, a spiral tension spring, a constant force mechanism and a yarn guiding mechanism; the bracket is horizontally arranged, and a yarn guiding channel is provided on the bracket; the clamping mechanism includes a clamping frame I and a clamping frame II located below the bracket; the clamping frame I is fixedly connected to the bracket, and two clamping holes I are provided on the clamping frame I; the clamping frame II is connected to the bracket through a spiral tension spring and a constant force mechanism, and a counterweight placement space and two clamping holes II are provided on the clamping frame II, the counterweight placement space is located below the clamping holes II, and a counterweight is placed inside the counterweight placement space; the spiral tension spring and the constant force mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping frame II; each constant force mechanism includes a spring support, a spring roller and a constant force spring, the spring support is fixed on the bracket, the spring roller is rotatably installed on the spring support, the constant force spring is wound on the spring roller, and the bottom end of the constant force spring is led out from the spring roller and fixedly connected to the clamping frame II; the yarn guiding mechanism includes a yarn guiding roller I, a yarn guiding roller II, a yarn guiding roller III and a yarn guiding roller IV arranged in sequence along the fiber transmission direction, the yarn guiding roller I, the yarn guiding roller III and the yarn guiding roller IV are all rotatably installed on the bracket and straddle the yarn guiding channel, and the yarn guiding roller II is rotatably installed on the clamping frame II; the center line of the yarn guiding channel, the center of the connection line of the two clamping holes I, the center of the connection line of the two clamping holes II, and the centers of the yarn guiding roller I, the yarn guiding roller II, the yarn guiding roller III and the yarn guiding roller IV are all located on the same vertical plane.

[0008] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension, a plurality of spring upper blocks are provided on the bracket, and the plurality of spring upper blocks are divided into two groups and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guiding channel, and the spring upper blocks on one side of the yarn guiding channel are arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the yarn guiding channel; two downwardly inclined lower block mounting surfaces are provided on the clamping frame II, the two lower block mounting surfaces are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guiding roller II, and a spring lower block corresponding to the spring upper block on the same side is provided on each lower block mounting surface; the upper end of the spiral tension spring is connected to the spring upper block, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding spring lower block.

[0009] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension, hooks are provided at both the upper end and the lower end of the spiral tension spring; clamping holes are provided on both the spring upper block and the spring lower block.

[0010] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanical tension controllability, the clamping frame II includes two upper vertical plates, two inclined plates, two lower vertical plates, and two horizontal plates connecting the two lower vertical plates; the upper vertical plate, inclined plate, and lower vertical plate on the same side are connected in sequence; both ends of the yarn guiding roller II are rotatably connected to the two upper vertical plates; the upper surface of the inclined plate is the lower block mounting surface; the spring lower block is mounted on the upper surface of the inclined plate; the clamping hole II is provided on the lower vertical plate; the space between the two horizontal plates is the counterweight placement space.

[0011] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanical tension controllability, each set of constant force mechanism further includes a spring guide rail; the top end of the spring guide rail is fixedly connected to the spring support, the spring guide rail is slidably connected to the lower vertical plate of the clamping frame II, and a spring guide groove is provided on the side surface of the spring guide rail facing the clamping frame II; the bottom end of the constant force spring is led out from the spring roller and arranged along the spring guide groove.

[0012] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanical tension controllability, there are four sets of constant force mechanisms; among the constant force mechanisms and the spiral tension spring on the same side of the clamping frame II, two sets of constant force mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spiral tension spring.

[0013] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanical tension controllability, the yarn guiding rollers I, II, III, and IV all include a roller shaft and a rubber roller mounted on the roller shaft; the rubber rollers of the yarn guiding rollers I and II are special-shaped cylinders that are thinner in the middle and thicker at both ends; the rubber rollers of the yarn guiding rollers III and IV are cylinders with equal diameters, and annular grooves corresponding to the fiber width are provided on the rubber rollers; the length of the yarn guiding roller I is greater than that of the yarn guiding roller II, the length of the yarn guiding roller II is greater than that of the yarn guiding rollers III and IV, and the lengths of the yarn guiding rollers III and IV are equal.

[0014] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanical tension controllability, mounting plates for mounting the yarn guiding rollers I, III, and IV are provided on both sides of the yarn guiding channel.

[0015] The first fiber winding method provided by the present invention is a constant tension fiber winding method, which is carried out by using a winding device equipped with the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanical tension controllability, and includes the following steps: S1. According to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory and test and inspect the winding trajectory. S2. Install the fiber roll on the clamping frame I, lead out the fiber from the fiber roll, and successively pass over the upper part of the yarn guiding roller I, under the lower part of the yarn guiding roller II, over the upper part of the yarn guiding roller III, and under the lower part of the yarn guiding roller IV, and finally lead it out from the nozzle of the winding device. S3. Calculate the relationship between the fiber yarn usage length and the fiber roll mass. S4. Select a suitable spiral tension spring according to the calculation result of step S3 and in combination with the elastic coefficient of the spiral tension spring. S5. Calculate the mass m of the counterweight according to the following formula 配重 : F 拉伸 + F 恒力 = (m2 + m 配重 )g; In the formula: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring, m2 is the mass of the clamping bracket II, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; S6. Start winding; S7. End winding.

[0016] The second fiber winding method provided by the present invention is a tension decreasing fiber winding method, which is carried out by using a winding device equipped with the above-mentioned mechanically tension controllable fiber unwinding device, and includes the following steps: S1. According to the shape of the mandrel of the winding workpiece, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory and test and inspect the winding trajectory; S2. Install the fiber reel on the clamping bracket II, lead out the fiber from the fiber reel, and successively pass over the upper side of the yarn guide roller I, under the lower side of the yarn guide roller II, over the upper side of the yarn guide roller III, and under the lower side of the yarn guide roller IV, and finally lead it out from the nozzle of the winding device; S3. Calculate the relationship between the fiber yarn length and the fiber reel mass; S4. Select a suitable helical tension spring according to the calculation result of step S3 and in combination with the elastic coefficient of the helical tension spring; S5. Calculate the mass m of the counterweight according to the following formula 配重 : F 拉伸 + F 恒力 = (m 纤维 + m2 + m 配重 )g; In the formula: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring, m 纤维 is the mass of the fiber reel, m2 is the mass of the clamping bracket II, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; S6. Start winding. If the fiber reel is replaced, reduce the counterweight corresponding to the fiber mass of the fiber reel after replacement to ensure the continuity of the total mass of the fiber reel, the clamping bracket II, and the counterweight; S7. End winding.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0018] 1. Through mechanical regulation, the structure is simple and the feedback is sensitive: In the above-described fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension, the clamping frame II is suspended below the bracket under the combined action of a helical tension spring and a constant force mechanism. Through the action of tension, the length of the spring is changed, thereby changing the angle between the fiber and the yarn guide roller, and the tension during the winding process is adjusted in real time. Moreover, it has a small volume, saves the unwinding space, realizes the fiber unwinding in a small space, and realizes the real-time tension control of the fiber during the winding process through a pure mechanical tension control method.

[0019] 2. Flexible setting of the tension magnitude: For the mechanical tension control method, how to control the change of the tension magnitude to reach the preset value is a difficult problem. In this device, a counterweight placement space is provided on the clamping frame II, and a counterweight is placed inside the counterweight placement space. The heavier the counterweight, the larger the preset value of the tension; the lighter the counterweight, the smaller the preset value of the tension, realizing the adjustable tension magnitude. In addition, the control intensity of the tension can be adjusted by installing helical tension springs with different spring coefficients.

[0020] 3. The tension can be gradually decreased layer by layer during winding: Different from the existing electronically controlled tension control method, the fiber unwinding device provided by the present invention realizes the mechanical unwinding control with automatically decreasing tension through mechanical structure design, considering the reduction of the fiber roll mass during the winding process and relating the change in mass to the tension magnitude.

[0021] 4. Ensure the continuity of the winding tension: In the method of fiber winding with decreasing tension, if the fiber roll is replaced during the unwinding process, how to ensure the continuity of the winding tension is an urgent problem to be solved. By using this device, if the fiber roll is replaced, the counterweight corresponding to the fiber mass of the fiber roll is reduced after replacement to ensure the continuity of the total mass of the fiber roll, the clamping frame II, and the counterweight, thereby ensuring the continuity of the winding tension. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram from another angle; Figure 3 is an assembly diagram of the constant force mechanism; Figure 4 It is an exploded view of a constant force mechanism; Figure 5 It is an exploded view of yarn guide roller Ⅲ and yarn guide roller Ⅳ; Figure 6 It is a path diagram of fibers in the constant tension fiber winding method; Figure 7 It is a path diagram of fibers in the decreasing tension fiber winding method; Figure 8 It is a tension control mechanism diagram.

[0024] In the figure: 1 - support; 1.1 - yarn guide channel; 2 - helical tension spring; 3.1 - clamping bracket Ⅰ; 3.2 - clamping bracket Ⅱ; 3.3 - clamping hole Ⅰ; 3.4 - counterweight placement space; 3.5 - clamping hole Ⅱ; 4 - counterweight; 5.1 - spring support; 5.2 - spring roller; 5.3 - constant force spring; 5.4 - spring guide rail; 6.1 - yarn guide roller Ⅰ; 6.2 - yarn guide roller Ⅱ; 6.3 - yarn guide roller Ⅲ; 6.4 - yarn guide roller Ⅳ; 6.5 - roller shaft; 6.6 - rubber roller; 6.7 - bearing; 6.8 - circlip; 7 - upper spring block; 8 - lower spring block; 100 - fiber roll. Specific embodiments

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1 This embodiment provides a mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension, which includes a bracket 1, a clamping mechanism, a spiral tension spring 2, a constant force mechanism, and a yarn guiding mechanism; the bracket 1 is horizontally arranged, and a yarn guiding channel 1.1 is provided on the bracket 1; the clamping mechanism includes a clamping bracket I 3.1 and a clamping bracket II 3.2 located below the bracket 1; the clamping bracket I 3.1 is fixedly connected to the bracket 1, and two clamping holes I 3.3 are provided on the clamping bracket I 3.1; the clamping bracket II 3.2 is connected to the bracket 1 through a spiral tension spring 2 and a constant force mechanism, and a counterweight placement space 3.4 and two clamping holes II 3.5 are provided on the clamping bracket II 3.2, the counterweight placement space 3.4 is located below the clamping holes II 3.5, and a counterweight 4 is placed inside the counterweight placement space 3.4; the spiral tension spring 2 and the constant force mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping bracket II 3.2; each group of constant force mechanisms includes a spring support 5.1, a spring roller 5.2, and a constant force spring 5.3, the spring support 5.1 is fixed on the bracket 1, the spring roller 5.2 is rotatably installed on the spring support 5.1, the constant force spring 5.3 is wound around the spring roller 5.2, and the bottom end of the constant force spring 5.3 is led out from the spring roller 5.2 and fixedly connected to the clamping bracket II 3.2; the yarn guiding mechanism includes a yarn guiding roller I 6.1, a yarn guiding roller II 6.2, a yarn guiding roller III 6.3, and a yarn guiding roller IV 6.4 arranged in sequence along the fiber transmission direction, the yarn guiding roller I 6.1, the yarn guiding roller III 6.3, and the yarn guiding roller IV 6.4 are all rotatably installed on the bracket 1 and span the yarn guiding channel 1.1, and the yarn guiding roller II 6.2 is rotatably installed on the clamping bracket II 3.2; the center line of the yarn guiding channel 1.1, the center of the connection line of the two clamping holes I 3.3, the center of the connection line of the two clamping holes II 3.5, and the centers of the yarn guiding roller I 6.1, the yarn guiding roller II 6.2, the yarn guiding roller III 6.3, and the yarn guiding roller IV 6.4 are all located on the same vertical plane.

[0027] The constant force spring 5.3 is different from the traditional helically wound spring. The constant force spring 5.3 is made of a pre-tensioned, high yield strength metal strip (usually stainless steel). Depending on the size of the spring and the load it bears, the fatigue life cycle of the constant force spring 5.3 is between 2500 and 1000000 cycles. Different from the spring constrained by Hooke's law (the tensile force is proportional to the tensile length), the constant force spring 5.3 provides a constant force in the working range and is not affected by the tensile length.

[0028] In the above fiber unwinding device, the clamping bracket II 3.2 is suspended below the bracket 1 under the combined action of the spiral tension spring 2 and the constant force mechanism. The fiber roll 100 is installed on the clamping bracket I 3.1 or the clamping bracket II 3.2, and the fiber is led out from the fiber roll 100 and passes around the upper side of the yarn guiding roller I 6.1, the lower side of the yarn guiding roller II 6.2, the upper side of the yarn guiding roller III 6.3, and the lower side of the yarn guiding roller IV 6.4 in sequence. During the winding process, through the action of tension, the spring length is changed, thereby changing the angle between the fiber and the yarn guiding roller, and the tension during the winding process is adjusted in real time.

[0029] A counterweight placement space 3.4 is provided on the clamping bracket II 3.2, and a counterweight 4 is placed inside the counterweight placement space 3.4. The heavier the counterweight 4 is, the larger the preset value of the tension is; the lighter the counterweight 4 is, the smaller the preset value of the tension is, realizing that the magnitude of the tension in the mechanical tension control method can be set.

[0030] The fiber reel 100 is installed on the clamping bracket I 3.1. As the winding progresses, the weight of the clamping bracket II 3.2 remains constant all the time, thus realizing constant-tension winding. The fiber reel 100 is installed on the clamping bracket II 3.2. As the winding progresses, the weight of the fiber reel 100 decreases, and tension reduction can be realized. When performing fiber winding with decreasing tension, after the fiber reel 100 is replaced, the continuity of the winding tension can be ensured by adjusting the counterweight 4.

[0031] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension, a plurality of spring upper blocks 7 are provided on the bracket 1. The plurality of spring upper blocks 7 are divided into two groups and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guiding channel 1.1. The spring upper blocks 7 on one side of the yarn guiding channel 1.1 are arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the yarn guiding channel 1.1; two downwardly inclined lower block mounting surfaces are provided on the clamping bracket II 3.2. The two lower block mounting surfaces are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guiding roller II 6.2. Each lower block mounting surface is provided with a spring lower block 8 corresponding to the spring upper block 7 on the same side; the upper end of the helical tension spring 2 is connected to the spring upper block 7, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding spring lower block 8.

[0032] Helical tension springs 2 with different spring coefficients and tensile lengths act on the clamping bracket II 3.2 differently. Helical tension springs 2 with different spring coefficients are connected to different spring upper blocks 7 and spring lower blocks 8, thereby adjusting the control intensity of the tension.

[0033] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension, hooks are provided at both the upper end and the lower end of the helical tension spring 2; card holes are provided on both the spring upper block 7 and the spring lower block 8. This makes the loading and unloading of the helical tension spring 2 more convenient and fast.

[0034] In the above-mentioned fiber unwinding device with mechanically controllable tension, the clamping bracket II 3.2 includes two upper vertical plates, two inclined plates, two lower vertical plates and two horizontal plates connecting the two lower vertical plates; the upper vertical plate, the inclined plate and the lower vertical plate on the same side are connected in sequence; both ends of the yarn guiding roller II 6.2 are rotatably connected to the two upper vertical plates; the upper surface of the inclined plate is the lower block mounting surface; the spring lower block 8 is installed on the upper surface of the inclined plate; the clamping hole II 3.5 is provided on the lower vertical plate; the counterweight placement space 3.4 is between the two horizontal plates.

[0035] In the above-mentioned mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension, each constant force mechanism further includes a spring guide rail 5.4; the top end of the spring guide rail 5.4 is fixedly connected to the spring support 5.1, the spring guide rail 5.4 is slidably connected to the lower vertical plate of the clamping frame II 3.2, and a spring guide groove is provided on the side of the spring guide rail 5.4 facing the clamping frame II 3.2; the bottom end of the constant force spring 5.3 is led out from the spring roller 5.2 and arranged along the spring guide groove so as to limit the movement of the constant force spring 5.3.

[0036] In the above-mentioned mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension, there are four groups of constant force mechanisms; among the constant force mechanisms and the spiral tension spring 2 on the same side of the clamping frame II 3.2, two groups of constant force mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spiral tension spring 2.

[0037] In the above-mentioned mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension, the yarn guide rollers I 6.1, yarn guide rollers II 6.2, yarn guide rollers III 6.3 and yarn guide rollers IV 6.4 all include a roller shaft 6.5 and a rubber roller 6.6 mounted on the roller shaft 6.5; the rubber rollers 6.6 in the yarn guide rollers III 6.3 and yarn guide rollers IV 6.4 are connected to the roller shaft 6.5 through bearings 6.7 and snap rings 6.8; the rubber rollers 6.6 of the yarn guide rollers I 6.1 and yarn guide rollers II 6.2 are special-shaped cylinders that are thinner in the middle and thicker at both ends; the rubber rollers 6.6 of the yarn guide rollers III 6.3 and yarn guide rollers IV 6.4 are cylinders with equal diameters, and annular grooves corresponding to the width of the fiber are provided on the rubber rollers 6.6; the length of the yarn guide roller I 6.1 is greater than the length of the yarn guide roller II 6.2, the length of the yarn guide roller II 6.2 is greater than the lengths of the yarn guide rollers III 6.3 and yarn guide rollers IV 6.4, and the lengths of the yarn guide rollers III 6.3 and yarn guide rollers IV 6.4 are equal, ensuring that the yarn does not come off the roller during the yarn feeding process and the yarn is discharged stably.

[0038] In the above-mentioned mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension, mounting plates for mounting the yarn guide rollers I 6.1, yarn guide rollers III 6.3 and yarn guide rollers IV 6.4 are provided on both sides of the yarn guide channel 1.1.

[0039] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a constant tension fiber winding method, which is carried out by using a winding device equipped with the above-mentioned mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension, and includes the following steps: S1, according to the shape of the core mold of the winding workpiece, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory and test and inspect the winding trajectory; S2, install the fiber roll 100 on the clamping frame I 3.1, lead out the fiber from the fiber roll 100, and successively pass over the yarn guide roller I 6.1, under the yarn guide roller II 6.2, over the yarn guide roller III 6.3 and under the yarn guide roller IV 6.4, and finally lead it out from the nozzle of the winding device; S3, calculate the relationship between the fiber yarn length used and the mass of the fiber roll 100; S4. Select a suitable helical tension spring 2 according to the calculation result of step S3 and in combination with the elastic coefficient of the helical tension spring 2; S5. Calculate the mass m of the counterweight 4 according to the following formula 配重 : F 拉伸 + F 恒力 = (m2 + m 配重 ) g; In the formula: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring 2, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring 5.3, m2 is the mass of the holder II 3.2, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; S6. Start winding; S7. End winding.

[0040] As Figure 8 shown, during the winding process, the tension (denoted by F 张力 in the figure) and F 拉伸 are constantly changing. When F 张力 increases from the preset value, the balance state among F 张力 , F 拉伸 , F 恒力 , (m2 + m 配重 ) g is broken, causing the helical tension spring 2 to shorten, F 拉伸 to decrease, and the holder II 3.2 to move upward, so that F 张力 returns to the preset value, and F 张力 , F 拉伸 , F 恒力 , (m2 + m 配重 ) g reaches a new balance state again. The same is true when F 张力 decreases from the preset value.

[0041] Embodiment 3 This embodiment provides a fiber winding method with decreasing tension, which is carried out by using a winding device equipped with the above-mentioned mechanical tension controllable fiber unwinding device, and includes the following steps: S1. Calculate the corresponding winding trajectory according to the shape of the mandrel of the winding workpiece, and test and inspect the winding trajectory; S2. Install the fiber reel 100 on the holder II 3.2, lead out the fiber from the fiber reel 100, and successively pass over the upper side of the yarn guide roller I 6.1, under the lower side of the yarn guide roller II 6.2, over the upper side of the yarn guide roller III 6.3, and under the lower side of the yarn guide roller IV 6.4, and finally lead it out from the nozzle of the winding device; S3. Calculate the relationship between the fiber yarn length and the mass of the fiber reel 100; S4. Select a suitable helical tension spring 2 according to the calculation result of step S3 and in combination with the elastic coefficient of the helical tension spring 2; S5. Calculate the mass m of the counterweight 4 according to the following formula 配重 : F 拉伸 + F 恒力 = (m 纤维 + m2 + m 配重 ) g; In the formula: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring 2, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring 5.3, m 纤维 is the mass of the fiber roll 100, m2 is the mass of the clamping bracket II 3.2, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; S6. Start winding. If the fiber roll 100 needs to be replaced, reduce the counterweight 4 corresponding to the fiber mass of the fiber roll 100 after replacement to ensure the continuity of the total mass of the fiber roll 100, the clamping bracket II 3.2, and the counterweight 4; S7. End winding.

[0042] As Figure 8 shown, during the winding process, the tension (represented by F 张力 in the figure) and F 拉伸 are constantly changing. When F 张力 increases from the preset value, the balance state among F 张力 , F 拉伸 , F 恒力 , (m 纤维 + m2 + m 配重 ) g is broken, causing the helical tension spring 2 to shorten, F 拉伸 to decrease, and the clamping bracket II 3.2 to move upward, so that F 张力 returns to the preset value, and F 张力 , F 拉伸 , F 恒力 , (m 纤维 + m2 + m 配重 ) g reaches a new balance state again. The same applies when F 张力 decreases from the preset value.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension, characterized in that, It includes a bracket, a clamping mechanism, a helical tension spring, a constant force mechanism and a yarn guiding mechanism; The bracket is horizontally arranged, and a yarn guiding channel is provided on the bracket; The clamping mechanism includes a clamping bracket I and a clamping bracket II located below the bracket; The clamping bracket I is fixedly connected to the bracket, and two clamping holes I are provided on the clamping bracket I; The clamping bracket II is connected to the bracket through a helical tension spring and a constant force mechanism. A counterweight placing space and two clamping holes II are provided on the clamping bracket II. The counterweight placing space is located below the clamping holes II, and a counterweight is placed inside the counterweight placing space; Both the helical tension spring and the constant force mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping bracket II; Each group of constant force mechanisms includes a spring support, a spring roller and a constant force spring. The spring support is fixed on the bracket, the spring roller is rotatably installed on the spring support, the constant force spring is wound on the spring roller, and the bottom end of the constant force spring is led out from the spring roller and fixedly connected to the clamping bracket II; The yarn guiding mechanism includes a yarn guiding roller I, a yarn guiding roller II, a yarn guiding roller III and a yarn guiding roller IV arranged in sequence along the fiber transmission direction. The yarn guiding roller I, the yarn guiding roller III and the yarn guiding roller IV are all rotatably installed on the bracket and span the yarn guiding channel, and the yarn guiding roller II is rotatably installed on the clamping bracket II; The center line of the yarn guiding channel, the center of the connection line of the two clamping holes I, the center of the connection line of the two clamping holes II, and the centers of the yarn guiding roller I, the yarn guiding roller II, the yarn guiding roller III and the yarn guiding roller IV are all located in the same vertical plane.

2. The mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of spring upper blocks are provided on the bracket. The plurality of spring upper blocks are divided into two groups and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guiding channel. The spring upper blocks on one side of the yarn guiding channel are arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the yarn guiding channel; Two downwardly inclined lower block mounting surfaces are provided on the clamping bracket II. The two lower block mounting surfaces are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the yarn guiding roller II, and a spring lower block corresponding to the spring upper block on the same side is provided on each lower block mounting surface; The upper end of the helical tension spring is connected to the spring upper block, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding spring lower block.

3. The mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension according to claim 2, characterized in that, Hook are provided at both the upper end and the lower end of the helical tension spring; Hole are provided on both the spring upper block and the spring lower block.

4. The mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping bracket II includes two upper vertical plates, two inclined plates, two lower vertical plates and two horizontal plates connecting the two lower vertical plates; The upper vertical plate, the inclined plate and the lower vertical plate on the same side are connected in sequence; Both ends of the yarn guiding roller II are rotatably connected to the two upper vertical plates; The upper surface of the inclined plate is the lower block mounting surface; The spring lower block is installed on the upper surface of the inclined plate; The clamping hole II is provided on the lower vertical plate; The counterweight placing space is between the two horizontal plates.

5. The mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each group of constant force mechanisms further includes a spring guide rail; The top end of the spring guide rail is fixedly connected to the spring support, the spring guide rail is in sliding contact with the lower vertical plate of the clamping bracket II, and a spring guide groove is provided on the side surface of the spring guide rail facing the clamping bracket II; The bottom end of the constant force spring is led out from the spring roller and arranged along the spring guide groove.

6. The mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, There are four groups of constant force mechanisms; Among the constant force mechanisms and the helical tension springs on the same side of the clamping bracket II, two groups of constant force mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the helical tension spring.

7. The mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yarn guiding roller I, the yarn guiding roller II, the yarn guiding roller III and the yarn guiding roller IV all include a roller shaft and a rubber roller installed on the roller shaft; The rubber rollers of yarn guide roller Ⅰ and yarn guide roller Ⅱ are special-shaped cylinders that are thin in the middle and thick at both ends; The rubber rollers of yarn guide roller Ⅲ and yarn guide roller Ⅳ are cylinders with equal diameters, and annular grooves corresponding to the width of the fibers are provided on the rubber rollers; The length of yarn guide roller Ⅰ is greater than that of yarn guide roller Ⅱ, the length of yarn guide roller Ⅱ is greater than the lengths of yarn guide roller Ⅲ and yarn guide roller Ⅳ, and the lengths of yarn guide roller Ⅲ and yarn guide roller Ⅳ are equal.

8. The mechanical fiber unwinding device with controllable tension according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, Mounting plates for mounting yarn guide roller Ⅰ, yarn guide roller Ⅲ and yarn guide roller Ⅳ are arranged on both sides of the yarn guiding channel.

9. A fiber winding method, which is a constant-tension fiber winding method, is characterized in that It is carried out by using a winding device equipped with the mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to any one of claims 1-8, including the following steps: S1, according to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory and test and inspect the winding trajectory; S2, install the fiber roll on the clamping frame Ⅰ, lead out the fiber from the fiber roll, and successively pass over the upper part of yarn guide roller Ⅰ, under the lower part of yarn guide roller Ⅱ, over the upper part of yarn guide roller Ⅲ and under the lower part of yarn guide roller Ⅳ, and finally lead it out from the nozzle of the winding device; S3, calculate the relationship between the fiber yarn usage length and the fiber roll mass; S4, select a suitable spiral tension spring according to the calculation result of step S3 and in combination with the elastic coefficient of the spiral tension spring; S5. Calculate the mass \(m\) of the counterweight according to the following formula 配重 :[[]]END]] F 拉伸 +F 恒力 = (m2 + m 配重 )g; Where: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring, m2 is the mass of the clamping bracket II, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; S6, start winding; S7, end winding.

10. A fiber winding method, which is a tension-decreasing fiber winding method, is characterized in that It is carried out by using a winding device equipped with the mechanical tension-controllable fiber unwinding device according to any one of claims 1-8, including the following steps: S1, according to the core mold shape of the winding workpiece, calculate the corresponding winding trajectory and test and inspect the winding trajectory; S2, install the fiber roll on the clamping frame Ⅱ, lead out the fiber from the fiber roll, and successively pass over the upper part of yarn guide roller Ⅰ, under the lower part of yarn guide roller Ⅱ, over the upper part of yarn guide roller Ⅲ and under the lower part of yarn guide roller Ⅳ, and finally lead it out from the nozzle of the winding device; S3, calculate the relationship between the fiber yarn usage length and the fiber roll mass; S4, select a suitable spiral tension spring according to the calculation result of step S3 and in combination with the elastic coefficient of the spiral tension spring; S5, calculate the mass m of the counterweight according to the following formula 配重 :[[]]END]] F 拉伸 +F 恒力 = (m 纤维 + m2 + m 配重 )g; Where: F 拉伸 is the total elastic force of the helical tension spring, F 恒力 is the total elastic force of the constant force spring, m 纤维 is the mass of the fiber roll, m2 is the mass of the clamping bracket II, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; S6, start winding. If the fiber roll needs to be replaced, after replacement, reduce the counterweight corresponding to the fiber mass of the fiber roll to ensure the continuity of the total mass of the fiber roll, clamping frame Ⅱ and counterweight; S7, end winding.

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