Charging method and device, vehicle, medium and program product

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging method and device, a vehicle, a medium and a program product, and the method comprises the steps: responding to the establishment of a connection with a charging device, and determining a target charging voltage of an accessed battery pack, the target charging voltage being determined according to the battery information of the accessed battery pack and the battery information of a target battery pack; and according to the target charging voltage, after the target battery pack is connected in parallel, the target battery pack and the connected battery pack are charged. The impact on the target battery pack during parallel connection can be reduced, and the safety of vehicle charging is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicle charging, and particularly to a charging method, device, vehicle, medium and program product. Background Art

[0002] A power battery is assembled in a new energy vehicle. The power battery can receive and store electric energy provided by a charging pile, and release the stored electric energy during the driving of the vehicle, so as to drive the vehicle. However, the charging speed of new energy vehicles is slow, resulting in a much longer waiting time for charging than the refueling time of traditional vehicles, which affects the user experience. In order to improve the charging speed and enhance the user experience of using the vehicle, the battery voltage can be increased, for example, a high-voltage power battery of 800V is used, so as to charge with a higher charging voltage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems in the related art, the present disclosure provides a charging method, device, vehicle, medium and program product.

[0004] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a charging method is provided, including: In response to establishing a connection with a charging device, determining a target charging voltage of the connected battery pack, where the target charging voltage is determined according to the battery information of the connected battery pack and the battery information of a target battery pack, and the target battery pack is at least one of the battery packs not connected in parallel; After connecting the target battery pack in parallel according to the target charging voltage, charging the target battery pack and the connected battery pack.

[0005] The above technical solution determines the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack according to the battery information of the connected battery pack and the battery information of the target battery pack, shortens the charging duration before the parallel connection of two battery packs or more than two battery packs, and after connecting the target battery pack in parallel according to the target charging voltage, charges the target battery pack and the connected battery pack, reducing the impact on the target battery pack during parallel connection and improving the safety of vehicle charging.

[0006] In some possible implementation manners, the determining the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack includes: Obtaining the tolerance information of the switching device corresponding to the target battery pack, where the switching device is a device for disconnecting or closing the charging circuit of the target battery pack; Determining the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack and the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0007] Through obtaining the tolerance information of the switching device corresponding to the target battery pack, the system can take into account the bearing capacity of the switching device during the parallel connection process, ensuring that the switching device will not be damaged due to excessive voltage or current shock during the parallel connection, thereby improving compatibility and safety. Furthermore, by combining the tolerance information of the switching device, the battery information of the already connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack to determine the target charging voltage, the charging strategy becomes more accurate and efficient. It can ensure that before the parallel connection, the already connected battery pack can reach a charging voltage that is both safe and efficient as soon as possible, thereby shortening the charging duration before the parallel connection of the dual battery pack or multiple battery packs and improving the charging efficiency.

[0008] In some possible implementation manners, determining the target charging voltage of the already connected battery pack according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the already connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack includes: Determine a matching voltage difference according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the already connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack; Determine the target charging voltage of the already connected battery pack according to the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0009] The above technical solution determines the matching voltage difference through the tolerance information of the switching device, the battery information of the already connected battery pack, and the target battery pack, and can accurately calculate the voltage difference threshold that should be reached by the two battery packs before parallel connection. It helps to avoid parallel connection shock caused by excessive voltage difference and ensures the smooth progress of the charging process. Based on the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage, the target charging voltage of the already connected battery pack is determined. It ensures that the setting of the target charging voltage takes into account both the voltage matching between the battery packs and the current charging state of the target battery pack, thus realizing a more scientific and reasonable charging voltage setting.

[0010] In some possible implementation manners, the battery information includes resistance information, and determining the matching voltage difference according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the already connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack includes: Determine parallel resistance information according to the resistance information of the already connected battery pack and the resistance information of the target battery pack; Determine the matching voltage difference according to the parallel resistance information and the tolerance information.

[0011] The above technical solution can more accurately understand the electrical characteristics of the battery pack in the parallel state by obtaining the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the target battery pack, and calculating the parallel resistance information accordingly. After obtaining the parallel resistance information, the tolerance information of the switching device is further combined to determine the matching voltage difference. The bearing capacity of the switching device during the parallel connection process is fully considered, ensuring that the setting of the matching voltage difference is neither too large to damage the switching device nor too small to affect the charging efficiency.

[0012] In some possible implementation manners, the tolerance information includes the upper limit value of the tolerance current.

[0013] The above technical solution determines the matching voltage difference through the upper limit value of the tolerance current, which can help reduce current fluctuations and abnormal phenomena during the charging process, thereby enhancing stability. A stable charging process not only improves the charging efficiency but also reduces the equipment failure rate caused by abnormal current.

[0014] In some possible implementation manners, the method further includes: Determining target charging information according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; Charging the connected battery pack according to the target charging information.

[0015] The above technical solution determines the target charging information by combining the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage information of the connected battery pack, and can perform personalized charging control according to the specific state of each battery pack. It helps to ensure that the battery pack is always in the best state during the charging process, improves the charging efficiency, and on the basis of shortening the charging time, can avoid overcharging or undercharging.

[0016] In some possible implementation manners, the determining the target charging information according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack includes: Determining the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; Determining the target charging information according to the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle.

[0017] The above technical solution determines the charging cycle and the charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage of the connected battery pack, realizing segmented control of the charging process. The segmented control strategy can meet the requirements of the battery pack at different power levels, improve the charging accuracy, and thus ensure that the battery pack is always in the best state during the charging process. It helps to optimize the charging efficiency.

[0018] In some possible implementations, charging the connected battery pack according to the target charging information includes: Determine the terminal voltage error between the actual charging terminal voltage of the connected battery pack and the corresponding target charging terminal voltage after each charging cycle is completed; Determine the cumulative current error of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed; Determining a target charging current for a next charging cycle according to the terminal voltage difference and the accumulated current error; The connected battery pack is charged according to the target charging current of the next charging cycle.

[0019] The above technical solution realizes real-time monitoring of the charging process by calculating the terminal voltage error between the actual charging terminal voltage and the target charging terminal voltage, as well as the cumulative current error after each charging cycle. It can timely detect deviations in the charging process, improve charging accuracy and charging efficiency, and determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle based on the terminal voltage error and the cumulative current error, making the charging process more accurate. The size of the charging current can be dynamically adjusted to compensate for previous errors, improve charging efficiency, ensure that the battery pack can complete charging according to the predetermined target charging information, and improve charging accuracy and reliability.

[0020] In some possible implementations, determining a target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the terminal voltage difference and the accumulated current error includes: Determining a proportional response current according to the terminal voltage difference and the proportionality coefficient; Determining an integral response current according to the accumulated current error and the integral coefficient; A target charging current for the next charging cycle is determined according to the proportional response current and the integral response current.

[0021] The above technical solution converts the terminal voltage difference into a proportional response current through a proportional coefficient, which can instantly sense the deviation between the actual voltage and the target voltage in the current charging cycle and quickly adjust the charging current. The fast response mechanism effectively shortens the adjustment time of the charging process, avoids the reduction of charging efficiency or battery damage due to voltage deviation, and the introduction of integral response current can compensate for the cumulative current error. By quantifying the cumulative effect of historical errors through integral coefficients, the deviations caused by parameter drift or external interference in the long-term charging process can be gradually corrected to ensure that the charging current is always close to the target value. The coordinated optimization of dynamic response and steady-state accuracy is achieved.

[0022] In some possible implementations, after connecting the target battery pack in parallel according to the target charging voltage, charging the target battery pack and the connected battery pack includes: When the battery pack that has been connected is charged to reach the target charging voltage, control the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack to close. When the switch device is in the closed state, connect the charging circuit of the target battery pack in parallel to the charging device; After connecting the target battery pack in parallel, charge the target battery pack and the battery pack that has been connected.

[0023] The above technical solution controls the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack to close, and quickly connects the charging circuits of multiple battery packs in parallel to the charging device. The parallel mechanism can match the charging capacity of the charging device, and can connect in parallel to allow the charging device to provide current to multiple battery packs at the same time, avoiding the overall charging efficiency reduction caused by the limitation of a single battery pack in series charging.

[0024] In some possible implementation manners, the determining the target charging voltage of the battery pack that has been connected in response to establishing a connection with the charging device includes: In response to establishing a connection with the charging device, obtain the output charging information of the charging device; If the output charging information does not meet the series charging condition, determine the target charging voltage of the battery pack that has been connected.

[0025] The above technical solution can automatically determine whether the current charging device meets the series charging condition by responding to the connection with the charging device and obtaining its output charging information. If the series charging condition is not met, parallel charging can be performed, improving the charging flexibility.

[0026] In some possible implementation manners, the method further includes: When the output charging information meets the series charging condition, control multiple battery packs to be connected in series to the charging.

[0027] The above technical solution realizes the comprehensive improvement of charging efficiency, resource utilization rate and energy utilization rate by dynamically controlling the series connection of battery packs when the series charging condition is met.

[0028] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a charging device is provided, including: A determining module, configured to determine the target charging voltage of the battery pack that has been connected in response to establishing a connection with the charging device, where the target charging voltage is determined according to the battery information of the battery pack that has been connected and the battery information of the target battery pack, and the target battery pack is at least one of the battery packs that have not been connected in parallel; A charging module, configured to charge the target battery pack and the battery pack that has been connected after connecting the target battery pack in parallel according to the target charging voltage.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the determining module includes: An obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain the tolerance information of the switching device corresponding to the target battery pack, where the switching device is a device for disconnecting or closing the charging loop of the target battery pack; A voltage determining sub-module, configured to determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the voltage determining sub-module is configured to: Determine a matching voltage difference according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack; Determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack according to the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the battery information includes resistance information, and the voltage determining sub-module is configured to: Determine parallel resistance information according to the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the resistance information of the target battery pack; Determine the matching voltage difference according to the parallel resistance information and the tolerance information.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the charging module includes: A determining sub-module, configured to determine target charging information according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; A charging sub-module, configured to charge the connected battery pack according to the target charging information.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the determining sub-module is configured to: Determine a charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; Determine the target charging information according to the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle.

[0034] In some possible implementations, the charging sub-module is configured to: Determine the terminal voltage error between the actual charging terminal voltage of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed and the corresponding target charging terminal voltage; Determine the cumulative current error of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed. Determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the difference in terminal voltage and the cumulative current error; Charge the connected battery pack according to the target charging current for the next charging cycle.

[0035] In some possible implementation manners, the charging sub-module is configured to: Determine a proportional response current according to the difference in terminal voltage and a proportionality coefficient; Determine an integral response current according to the cumulative current error and an integral coefficient; Determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the proportional response current and the integral response current.

[0036] In some possible implementation manners, the charging module is configured to: Control the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack to close. When the switch device is in the closed state, the charging circuit of the target battery pack is connected in parallel to the charging device for charging.

[0037] In some possible implementation manners, the determination module is configured to: In response to establishing a connection with the charging device, obtain the output charging information of the charging device; If the output charging information does not meet the series charging condition, determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack.

[0038] In some possible implementation manners, the charging module is further configured to: When the output charging information meets the series charging condition, control multiple battery packs to be connected in series for charging.

[0039] According to the third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including: A processor; A memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of the first aspect.

[0040] According to the fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of the first aspect are implemented.

[0041] According to the fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of the first aspect are implemented.

[0042] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a charging method shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0045] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit for a dual battery pack shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Figure 3 is an implementation according to an exemplary embodiment Figure 1 of the flowchart of step S11 in

[0047] Figure 4 is a flowchart of another charging method shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0048] Figure 5 is a block diagram of a charging device shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0049] Figure 6 is a block diagram of a vehicle shown according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0051] It should be noted that all actions of obtaining signals, information, or data in the present disclosure are carried out on the premise of complying with the corresponding data protection regulations and policies of the country where the location is located and obtaining authorization from the owner of the corresponding device.

[0052] In order to improve the charging speed and enhance the user's vehicle usage experience, the battery voltage is increased, for example, by using a high-voltage power battery of 800V, so as to charge with a higher charging voltage. However, the maximum battery voltage of the power battery is 800V, and the required charging voltage may exceed 800V. Most DC fast chargers only output a voltage of 500V, resulting in the inability of this part of the chargers to directly charge vehicles equipped with 800V high-voltage power batteries, which is not conducive to enhancing the user experience.

[0053] In this case, a boost device can be added to the vehicle to boost the 500V voltage provided by the charger end to 800V required by the power battery. However, adding a boost device will not only increase the production cost of the vehicle, but also affect the layout of various devices on the vehicle, causing space congestion, thus resulting in problems such as poor heat dissipation.

[0054] The battery pack can also be divided into 2 single packs (Banks). When encountering a charger with a charging voltage higher than the battery pack's required charging voltage, the two single packs are connected in series. For example, when the charger can provide a charging voltage of 1000V, the two single packs are connected in series to form an 800V voltage platform, so that charging can be achieved through a charger with a high charging voltage; when encountering a charger with a charging voltage lower than the battery pack's required charging voltage, the two single packs (Banks) are connected in parallel, and at this time the battery pack is connected in parallel to form a 400V voltage platform, so that charging can be achieved through a charger with a low charging voltage.

[0055] However, when an 800V vehicle equipped with a dual battery pack is connected to a 500V charger, if there is a relatively large voltage difference (such as a voltage difference greater than 10V) between the two battery packs (Banks), then the battery pack (Bank) with the lower voltage needs to be charged first, and then the relay on the charging circuit of the battery pack with the higher voltage is closed to achieve simultaneous charging of the two battery packs.

[0056] For example, a sufficiently small charging current is used to charge the battery pack (Bank) with the lower voltage. In this way, the terminal voltage of the battery pack with the lower voltage can be regarded as the electromotive force of the battery pack with the lower voltage. When the terminal voltage of the battery pack with the lower voltage approaches the electromotive force of the battery pack (Bank) with the higher voltage (such as a parallel closing threshold with a voltage difference less than 2V), the relay on the charging circuit of the battery pack with the higher voltage is closed.

[0057] In order to ensure that the electromotive force of Bank1 is known at all times, the current that can only be used will be very small. For example, a current of 1 / 10C (C is the battery pack capacity) is used to charge the low-voltage battery pack. Only in this way can the terminal voltage of the low-voltage battery pack be regarded as the electromotive force of the low-voltage battery pack. Then, it will take a very long time to eliminate the voltage difference of about 8V, seriously deteriorating the customer's charging experience. If the parallel closing threshold is increased, although the time to eliminate the voltage difference can be shortened, it is extremely easy to cause the impact current during parallel connection to damage the relay on the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack, causing the relay to stick and fail.

[0058] In view of this, the present disclosure provides one, aiming to shorten the charging time before the parallel connection of two battery packs or more than two battery packs, reduce the impact current on the relay during parallel connection, and improve the safety of vehicle charging.

[0059] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a charging method shown according to an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, including the following steps.

[0060] In step S11, in response to establishing a connection with the charging device, determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack.

[0061] The target charging voltage is determined according to the battery information of the connected battery pack and the battery information of the target battery pack, and the target battery pack is at least one of the battery packs not connected in parallel.

[0062] Among them, the charging device can be a device that provides charging electric energy to the electrical equipment. In the example where the vehicle establishes an electrical connection with the charging device through the charging gun, the charging device is a charging pile. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the charging pile can convert alternating current into direct current (i.e., a DC charging pile) or directly provide alternating current (i.e., an AC charging pile).

[0063] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the connected battery pack is the battery pack that has established an electrical connection with the charging device for charging among multiple battery packs. The connected battery pack can be one or more. After multiple connected battery packs are connected in series or in parallel, they are connected to the charging device for battery pack charging. The target battery pack is the battery pack that will be connected to the connected battery pack in parallel for charging.

[0064] For example, when the vehicle is configured with two battery packs (i.e., a dual-bank battery pack), battery pack Bank1 can be the connected battery pack, and battery pack Bank2 is the target battery pack; when the vehicle is configured with three battery packs, battery packs Bank1 and Bank2 can be the battery packs connected to the charging device in series or in parallel, and battery pack Bank3 can be the target battery pack.

[0065] It can be explained that the terminal voltage of the connected battery pack is less than that of the target battery pack. For example, the battery pack Bank1 is the connected battery pack, the battery pack Bank2 is the target battery pack, and the terminal voltage of the battery pack Bank1 is less than that of the battery pack Bank2. Similarly, the terminal voltage of the battery packs Bank1 and Bank2 connected in parallel or in series is less than that of the battery pack Bank3.

[0066] Among them, the target charging voltage is the voltage when the connected battery pack reaches the voltage and is connected in parallel to the target battery pack. For example, the battery pack Bank1 is the connected battery pack, the target charging voltage is 380V, and when the battery pack Bank1 is charged to 380V, the battery pack Bank2 is connected in parallel.

[0067] Among them, the parallel connection is a connection method in which the positive electrodes of multiple battery packs are connected to each other, and the negative electrodes are connected to each other. After parallel connection, the total voltage of the battery pack group remains unchanged, and the total capacity is equal to the sum of the capacities of each battery pack.

[0068] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, when the electric vehicle establishes an electrical connection with the charging pile, the battery management system on the vehicle can communicate with the charging pile to exchange information between the two parties. The battery management system first obtains the output charging information of the charging pile and the input charging information of the battery pack, and then, when the output charging information of the charging pile cannot meet the input charging information of the battery pack, determines the battery pack to be charged first from multiple battery packs, connects it to the charging pile for charging, and then determines the target charging voltage.

[0069] In step S12, according to the target charging voltage, after connecting the target battery pack in parallel, charge the target battery pack and the connected battery pack.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, when the connected battery pack is charged to the target charging voltage, the target battery pack is connected in parallel, and after the target battery pack is connected in parallel, the target battery pack and the connected battery pack are charged simultaneously.

[0071] See Figure 2 As shown, the electromotive force, internal resistance, terminal voltage, and branch current of Bank 1 are respectively: , , , , and the electromotive force, internal resistance, terminal voltage, and branch current of Bank 2 are respectively: , , , , before closing Bank 2 instantaneously, the electromotive force and terminal voltage of Bank 2 are respectively: , ; Then at this time , at the start, the electromotive force of Bank 1 is lower than that of Bank 2: , current direction: relative to the battery pack, charging is positive and discharging is negative. First, close K1. At this time, the charging pile first charges the battery pack Bank1 with I1. When the terminal voltage or electromotive force of the battery pack Bank1 reaches the target charging voltage, close k2. The charging pile first charges the battery pack Bank1 with I1 and simultaneously charges the battery pack Bank2 with I2.

[0072] The above technical solution determines the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack according to the battery information of the connected battery pack and the battery information of the target battery pack, shortens the charging duration before the parallel connection of two battery packs or more than two battery packs, and charges the target battery pack and the connected battery pack according to the target charging voltage after the parallel connection of the target battery pack, reducing the impact on the target battery pack during parallel connection and improving the safety of vehicle charging.

[0073] In some possible implementation manners, as shown in Figure 3 , in step S11, the determining the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack includes: In step S111, obtain the tolerance information of the switching device corresponding to the target battery pack, where the switching device is a device for disconnecting or closing the charging circuit of the target battery pack.

[0074] Among them, the switching device is a component in the charging circuit of the battery pack for controlling the disconnection or closing of the charging circuit of the battery pack. For example, the switching device can be a relay, a contactor, etc., and can change its own conduction state through an electrical signal to achieve the control of the charging circuit of the battery pack. The tolerance information is relevant information such as the range of electrical parameters that the switching device can withstand, mainly including the maximum withstand voltage, the maximum withstand current, etc.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, each battery pack is equipped with a corresponding switching device for controlling the on-off of its charging circuit. When the target battery pack is determined, the battery management system communicates with these switching devices to obtain their tolerance information.

[0076] Exemplarily, some sensors or storage chips are usually integrated inside the switching device for recording and transmitting information such as its maximum withstand voltage and maximum withstand current. The battery management system sends a request instruction to the switching device through a specific communication protocol (such as the CAN bus protocol). After receiving the instruction, the switching device feeds back its tolerance information to the battery management system.

[0077] In step S112 , a target charging voltage of the connected battery pack is determined according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0078] In the disclosed embodiment, after the tolerance information of the switch device, the battery information of the connected battery pack and the battery information of the target battery pack are obtained, the target charging voltage is determined using a preset algorithm and charging strategy.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the target charging voltage is a voltage between the current terminal voltage of the connected battery pack and the terminal voltage of the target battery pack. In addition, the target charging voltage is a voltage infinitely close to the terminal voltage of the target battery pack, that is, Figure 2 For example, only when the voltage of battery pack 1 is charged and reaches a voltage infinitely close to the terminal voltage U of battery pack Bank2 20 , can reduce the current impact on relay k2, thereby protecting relay k2.

[0080] In order to reduce the impact of the inrush current on the target battery pack or the switch device on the charging circuit of the target battery pack when the target battery pack is connected in parallel, and to quickly calculate, the corresponding tolerance information of different battery packs as target battery packs can be pre-calibrated. Usually, the tolerance value (such as inrush current) represented by the calibrated tolerance information is as small as possible, and can be determined based on the tolerance capacity of the switch device.

[0081] By acquiring the tolerance information of the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack, the above technical solution allows the system to take into account the tolerance of the switch device during parallel connection, ensuring that the switch device will not be damaged by excessive voltage or current shock during parallel connection, thereby improving compatibility and safety. The target charging voltage is then determined by combining the tolerance information of the switch device, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack, making the charging strategy more accurate and efficient. It can ensure that before parallel connection, the connected battery pack can reach a safe and efficient charging voltage as soon as possible, thereby shortening the charging time of dual battery packs or multiple battery packs before parallel connection and improving charging efficiency.

[0082] In some possible implementations, in step S112, determining the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack includes: A matching voltage difference is determined according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0083] Among them, the matching voltage difference is a voltage difference calculated based on the tolerance information of the switching device, the battery information of the already-connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack during the process of determining the target charging voltage. This difference reflects the degree of coordination required in the charging voltage between the target battery pack and the already-connected battery pack under the condition of meeting the tolerance capacity of the switching device and taking into account the charging requirements of both battery packs.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, after obtaining the tolerance information of the switching device (such as the maximum tolerance voltage), the battery information of the already-connected battery pack (such as the current power), and the battery information of the target battery pack (such as the current power), these factors are comprehensively considered to calculate the matching voltage difference.

[0085] For example, according to the current power of the already-connected battery pack, analyze the voltage change trend of the already-connected battery pack during the charging process. Determine the target charging voltage of the already-connected battery pack according to the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0086] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, after determining the matching voltage difference, the target charging voltage of the already-connected battery pack can be calculated in combination with the terminal voltage in the battery information of the target battery pack. The terminal voltage of the target battery pack reflects its current potential state.

[0087] Exemplarily, according to the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage of the target battery pack, the target charging voltage of the already-connected battery pack can be obtained through a certain calculation method. For example, if the matching voltage difference is the value by which the terminal voltage of the target battery pack is higher than the target charging voltage of the already-connected battery pack, then the target charging voltage of the already-connected battery pack is equal to the terminal voltage of the target battery pack minus the matching voltage difference.

[0088] It can be understood that the smaller the matching voltage difference, the smaller the impact current when the target battery pack is connected in parallel when the already-connected battery pack is charged to the target charging voltage.

[0089] The above technical solution determines the matching voltage difference through the tolerance information of the switching device, the battery information of the already-connected battery pack, and the target battery pack, and can accurately calculate the voltage difference threshold that should be reached before the two battery packs are connected in parallel. It helps to avoid the parallel impact caused by too large a voltage difference and ensures the smooth progress of the charging process. Based on the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage, the target charging voltage of the already-connected battery pack is determined. It ensures that the setting of the target charging voltage takes into account both the voltage matching between the battery packs and the current charging state of the target battery pack, thus realizing a more scientific and reasonable charging voltage setting.

[0090] In some possible implementations, the battery information includes resistance information. Determining the matching voltage difference according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack includes: Determine the parallel resistance information according to the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the resistance information of the target battery pack.

[0091] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the resistance information is the internal resistance value of the battery pack. Therefore, the parallel resistance information is the sum value of the resistance value represented by the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the resistance value represented by the resistance information of the target battery pack.

[0092] Among them, the parallel resistance information is determined in the following way. To achieve the goal that the smaller the target charging voltage mentioned in the foregoing embodiments, the smaller the inrush current at the moment of connecting the target battery pack. Therefore, the terminal voltage of battery pack Bank1 is equal to the terminal voltage of battery pack Bank2, that is , and at the same time , , , Solving the equations can obtain: , . Among the branch currents, at the moment of parallel connection, I2 is the inrush current when the relay k2 corresponding to the closed Bank2 is closed.

[0093] Furthermore, , obtain: , It can be seen that the matching voltage difference is the product of the tolerance current and the sum value of the resistance value represented by the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the resistance value represented by the resistance information of the target battery pack. Therefore, in the reverse derivation process, to determine the matching voltage difference, it is first necessary to determine the sum value of the resistance value represented by the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the resistance value represented by the resistance information of the target battery pack.

[0094] Determine the matching voltage difference according to the parallel resistance information and the tolerance information.

[0095] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, since the internal resistance of the connected battery pack and the internal resistance of the target battery pack are almost unchanged, the magnitude of the inrush current at the moment of parallel connection depends on the difference between the terminal voltage of battery pack bank 1 and the electromotive force of battery pack bank 2. Therefore, the product of the resistance value represented by the parallel resistance information and the tolerance value represented by the tolerance information can be determined as the matching voltage difference. For example, the upper limit of the current that the relay can tolerate is 50A, R1 + R2 = 0.1Ω, then the matching voltage difference δU here = 5V.

[0096] The above technical solution can more accurately understand the electrical characteristics of the battery pack in the parallel state by obtaining the resistance information of the already connected battery pack and the target battery pack, and calculating the parallel resistance information accordingly. After obtaining the parallel resistance information, the tolerance information of the switching device is further combined to determine the matching voltage difference. The bearing capacity of the switching device during the parallel connection process is fully considered, ensuring that the setting of the matching voltage difference is neither too large to damage the switching device nor too small to affect the charging efficiency.

[0097] In some possible implementation manners, the tolerance information includes the upper limit value of the tolerance current.

[0098] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to ensure that the switching device will not be damaged due to excessive current during the instant parallel connection, a suitable matching voltage difference can be calculated according to the parallel resistance value and the upper limit value of the tolerance current of the switching device.

[0099] Compared with directly calibrating the matching voltage difference, through the above technical solution, the present disclosure can flexibly and accurately determine the matching voltage difference for different battery pack states (the terminal voltage and electromotive force of the battery pack), so as to accurately determine the target charging voltage and reduce the current impact during the parallel connection instant. Exemplarily, taking the upper limit value of the tolerance current of the relay as 30A as an example, if R1 + R2 is greater than or equal to 0.1Ω, then the terminal voltage difference ∆U during parallel connection being less than or equal to 3V can be set as the condition for enabling parallel connection, so as to achieve deterministic control of the impact current when closing k2 and avoid causing k2 adhesion and resulting in relay failure.

[0100] The above technical solution can determine the matching voltage difference through the upper limit value of the tolerance current, which can help reduce current fluctuations and abnormal phenomena during the charging process, thereby enhancing stability. A stable charging process not only improves the charging efficiency but also reduces the equipment failure rate caused by abnormal current.

[0101] In some possible implementation manners, as shown in Figure 4 the method further includes: In step S21, according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the already connected battery pack, target charging information is determined.

[0102] Among them, the target charging information is a set of parameters for guiding the charging process comprehensively determined based on the target charging voltage and the battery information (such as terminal voltage, etc.) of the already connected battery pack. These parameters usually include charging current, charging time, charging stage division, etc.

[0103] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, after obtaining the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage of the connected battery pack, the target charging information is determined by combining information such as the charging characteristic curve of the battery, the capacity of the battery, and the current battery level. Calculate the difference between the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage of the connected battery pack, and this difference reflects the voltage amplitude that the battery pack needs to increase. According to this voltage difference and the internal resistance of the battery, the initial charging current magnitude can be estimated. Generally speaking, the larger the voltage difference, the larger the initial charging current will be when the internal resistance of the battery is constant. However, in order to protect the battery, the initial charging current is usually limited to a relatively small value to avoid excessive impact on the battery.

[0104] Then, according to the charging characteristic curve of the battery, the charging parameters in different stages are determined. The connected battery pack can be charged in a constant current mode, or when the battery level is low, a trickle charging method can be adopted to pre-charge the battery with a relatively small current to activate the chemical reaction inside the battery; as the battery level increases, it enters the constant current charging stage, at this time the charging current remains relatively stable, enabling the battery to be charged quickly; when the battery voltage approaches the target charging voltage, it switches to the constant voltage charging stage, at this time the charging voltage remains the target charging voltage, and the charging current gradually decreases until the connected battery pack is charged to the target charging voltage. At the same time, according to the capacity and the current battery level of the battery, the time required for each charging stage is estimated, so as to determine the time plan for the entire charging process. Thus, it is possible to quickly charge the connected battery pack before the target battery pack is connected in parallel.

[0105] In step S22, the connected battery pack is charged according to the target charging information.

[0106] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the current and voltage output to the battery pack can be adjusted in real time according to parameters such as the charging current and charging voltage in the target charging information, so as to quickly make the voltage of the connected battery pack reach the target charging voltage as soon as possible, thereby enabling the parallel connection of the target battery pack, and thus shortening the charging waiting time.

[0107] The above technical solution determines the target charging information by combining the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage information of the connected battery pack, and can perform personalized charging control according to the specific state of each battery pack. It helps to ensure that the battery pack is always in the best state during the charging process, improve the charging efficiency, and avoid overcharging or undercharging on the basis of shortening the charging time.

[0108] In some possible implementation manners, the determining the target charging information according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack includes: Determine the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack.

[0109] Among them, a charging cycle can be a time interval divided according to a specific charging strategy during the charging process of a connected battery pack. During a charging cycle, the battery pack can be charged with relatively stable charging parameters (such as charging terminal voltage, charging current, etc.). The target charging terminal voltage is the terminal voltage of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle ends.

[0110] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the charging cycle and the charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle are determined by comprehensively considering the target charging voltage and the current terminal voltage of the connected battery pack, and combining factors such as the charging characteristic curve of the battery, battery capacity, and current power.

[0111] Exemplarily, calculate the difference between the target charging voltage and the current terminal voltage of the battery. If the difference is large, it indicates that the battery needs a large voltage boost. At this time, multiple charging cycles may be divided to gradually increase the battery voltage to the target value. During each charging cycle, a suitable charging terminal voltage is determined according to the charging characteristics of the battery. For example, when the battery power is low, a low charging terminal voltage is set for pre-charging to avoid excessive impact on the battery; as the battery power increases, the charging terminal voltage is gradually increased to accelerate the charging speed; when the battery voltage approaches the target charging voltage, the charging terminal voltage is kept stable near the target value for constant voltage charging.

[0112] The target charging information is determined according to the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle.

[0113] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the charging current corresponding to each charging cycle can be calculated according to the target charging terminal voltage of each charging cycle and information such as the internal resistance of the battery. At the same time, according to the capacity of the battery pack and the charging current of each charging cycle, the charging duration of each charging cycle is estimated, and then the target charging information including the charging cycle duration, charging current, and target charging terminal voltage is obtained.

[0114] The above technical solution realizes the segmented control of the charging process by determining the charging cycle and the charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage of the connected battery pack. The segmented control strategy can meet the requirements of the battery pack at different power stages, improve the charging accuracy, and ensure that the battery pack is always in the best state during the charging process. It helps to optimize the charging efficiency.

[0115] In some possible implementation manners, charging the connected battery pack according to the target charging information includes: Determine the terminal voltage error between the actual charging terminal voltage of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed and the corresponding target charging terminal voltage.

[0116] For the wife Hong, the actual charging terminal voltage is the voltage value measured at both ends of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed. It is the actual voltage state reached by the battery pack during the charging process and reflects the actual response of the battery pack under the current charging conditions.

[0117] Among them, the terminal voltage error is the difference between the actual charging terminal voltage and the corresponding target charging terminal voltage. The terminal voltage error reflects the deviation degree between the actual voltage and the expected voltage during the charging process. An excessive terminal voltage error may indicate that there is an abnormality in the charging process and the charging strategy needs to be adjusted.

[0118] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, at the end of each charging cycle, the voltage sensor is used to measure the voltage at both ends of the connected battery pack in real time to obtain the actual charging terminal voltage. At the same time, the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to this charging cycle is obtained from the previously determined target charging information.

[0119] Then, calculate the difference between the actual charging terminal voltage and the target charging terminal voltage, that is, the terminal voltage error. The calculation formula for the terminal voltage error is: terminal voltage error = actual charging terminal voltage - target charging terminal voltage. The positive or negative of the terminal voltage error indicates whether the actual voltage is higher or lower than the target voltage.

[0120] Determine the cumulative current error of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed.

[0121] Among them, the cumulative current error is an error value obtained by integrating the deviation between the actual charging current and the target charging current during the charging cycle after each charging cycle is completed. It comprehensively considers the current fluctuation situation during the entire charging cycle and reflects the difference between the current control and the expectation during the charging process.

[0122] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, during each charging cycle, the charging current is monitored in real time and compared with the target charging current set in the target charging information. At the same time, the current deviation (actual charging current - target charging current) at each moment is integrated. The integration process is to multiply the current deviation at each time point during the charging cycle by the corresponding time interval and then add up all the results. The cumulative current error reflects the overall deviation situation between the actual charging current and the target charging current during the entire charging cycle.

[0123] Determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the terminal voltage difference and the cumulative current error.

[0124] The target charging current is the expected charging current value set for the next charging cycle. It is calculated based on information such as the terminal voltage error and the cumulative current error through a certain algorithm, and is used to adjust the charging parameters of the next charging cycle to ensure that the charging process is more in line with the charging characteristics of the battery.

[0125] In the disclosed embodiment, the target charging current of the next charging cycle is adjusted according to the terminal voltage error and the accumulated current error, for example, by a proportional-integral control algorithm.

[0126] For example, in the proportional-integral control algorithm, the proportional term directly adjusts the target charging current according to the size of the terminal voltage error. The larger the error, the larger the adjustment amplitude; the integral term eliminates the steady-state error of the system according to the accumulated current error to ensure the accuracy of the current during long-term charging. Then, according to the preset PI parameters, the terminal voltage error and the accumulated current error are calculated to obtain the target charging current adjustment amount for the next charging cycle, which is then added to the current target charging current to obtain the new target charging current.

[0127] The connected battery pack is charged according to the target charging current of the next charging cycle.

[0128] In the disclosed embodiment, the output current is adjusted by the internal charging control circuit according to the target charging current to reach the target value. During the charging process, the charging state of the battery pack is continuously monitored, including parameters such as terminal voltage, current, and temperature, to ensure that the charging process is carried out safely and stably.

[0129] The above technical solution realizes real-time monitoring of the charging process by calculating the terminal voltage error between the actual charging terminal voltage and the target charging terminal voltage, as well as the cumulative current error after each charging cycle. It can timely detect deviations in the charging process, improve charging accuracy and charging efficiency, and determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle based on the terminal voltage error and the cumulative current error, making the charging process more accurate. The size of the charging current can be dynamically adjusted to compensate for previous errors, improve charging efficiency, ensure that the battery pack can complete charging according to the predetermined target charging information, and improve charging accuracy and reliability.

[0130] In some possible implementations, determining a target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the terminal voltage difference and the accumulated current error includes: A proportional response current is determined according to the terminal voltage difference and the proportionality coefficient.

[0131] In the disclosed embodiment, the product of the terminal voltage difference and the proportional coefficient is determined as the proportional response current.

[0132] An integrated response current is determined according to the accumulated current error and the integral coefficient.

[0133] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the product of the cumulative current error and the integral coefficient is determined as the integral response current.

[0134] According to the proportional response current and the integral response current, determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle.

[0135] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the sum value of the proportional response current and the integral response current is determined as the target charging current for the next charging cycle.

[0136] The above technical solution converts the terminal voltage difference into a proportional response current through a proportional coefficient, which can immediately sense the deviation between the actual voltage and the target voltage in the current charging cycle and quickly adjust the charging current. The fast response mechanism effectively shortens the adjustment time of the charging process, avoids the reduction of charging efficiency or battery damage caused by voltage deviation. The introduction of the integral response current can compensate for the cumulative current error. By quantifying the cumulative effect of historical errors through the integral coefficient, the deviation caused by parameter drift or external interference during the long-term charging process can be gradually corrected to ensure that the charging current always approaches the target value. The coordinated optimization of dynamic response and steady-state accuracy is achieved.

[0137] In some possible implementation manners, in step S12, after the target battery pack is connected in parallel according to the target charging voltage, charging the target battery pack and the already connected battery pack includes: When the already connected battery pack is charged to the target charging voltage, control the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack to close. In the closed state, the charging circuit of the target battery pack is connected in parallel to the charging device.

[0138] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the charging state of the already connected battery pack, including its terminal voltage, can be monitored in real time. When it is detected that the terminal voltage of the already connected battery pack reaches the preset target charging voltage, it is determined that the already connected battery pack has completed charging or meets the voltage requirement of the current charging stage.

[0139] At this time, in order to connect the target battery pack to the charging device for charging, a closing instruction can be sent to the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack. After receiving the instruction, the contacts inside the switch device will close, so that the charging circuit of the target battery pack is connected to the charging device. Since the charging circuit of the target battery pack and the charging circuit of the already connected battery pack are in a parallel relationship, the target battery pack is connected in parallel to the charging device.

[0140] After the target battery pack is connected in parallel, charge the target battery pack and the already connected battery pack.

[0141] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, after the target battery pack is connected in parallel to the charging device, the charging device will supply electrical energy to both the connected battery pack and the target battery pack simultaneously. Since the two battery packs are in a parallel relationship, the voltages across them are equal and are both equal to the output voltage of the charging device.

[0142] Exemplarily, if the difference in the matching voltages between the connected battery pack and the target battery pack is 4V, then the corresponding difference in the state of charge of the battery ∆SoC = 4%. Assuming that a current of 0.1C is used to charge battery pack Bank1, and parallel connection is enabled only when the electromotive force ∆E is less than or equal to 3V, then the required time ∆t = 24 minutes, which is a very long time. By using the method of PI control proposed in the present disclosure where ∆U is less than or equal to 3V, the charging time for battery pack Bank1 can be negligible, that is, the charging time is saved by 24 minutes.

[0143] The above technical solution closes the switching device corresponding to the target battery pack, and quickly connects the charging circuits of multiple battery packs in parallel to the charging device. The parallel connection mechanism can match the charging capacity of the charging device, and can be connected in parallel to allow the charging device to supply current to multiple battery packs simultaneously, avoiding the decrease in the overall charging efficiency caused by the limitation of a single battery pack in series charging.

[0144] In some possible implementation manners, in step S11, the determining the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack in response to establishing a connection with the charging device includes: In response to establishing a connection with the charging device, obtaining the output charging information of the charging device.

[0145] Among them, the output charging information is the electrical parameter information that the charging device has when transmitting electrical energy to the vehicle battery pack, mainly including output voltage, output current, maximum output power, etc. These information reflect the charging capacity of the charging device and the current charging state.

[0146] Exemplarily, when the vehicle establishes a physical connection with the charging device (such as the charging gun is inserted into the charging interface of the vehicle) and completes the electrical connection, the battery management system on the vehicle will communicate with the charging device through a specific communication protocol (such as the CAN bus communication protocol).

[0147] The battery management system sends an instruction to the charging device to request the output charging information. After receiving the instruction, the charging device will feedback its current output voltage, output current, maximum output power and other output charging information to the battery management system. After receiving these information, the battery management system will store them in the internal memory for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0148] In another example, when the vehicle establishes a physical connection with the charging device (such as inserting the charging gun into the vehicle's charging interface) and completes the electrical connection, the battery management system on the vehicle communicates with the charging device through a specific communication protocol (such as the CAN bus communication protocol). The battery management system sends the series charging conditions to the charging device. After receiving the series charging conditions, the charging device obtains its current output charging information such as output voltage, output current, and maximum output power.

[0149] If the output charging information does not meet the series charging conditions, determine the target charging voltage of the battery pack that has been connected.

[0150] Among them, the series charging condition is to connect multiple battery packs end to end in sequence so that they are connected in series to receive charging together. The series charging condition involves factors such as whether the output voltage range of the charging device can meet the total voltage requirement after multiple battery packs are connected in series, and whether the output current of the charging device matches the charging characteristics of the battery pack. For example, if the total voltage after multiple battery packs are connected in series exceeds the maximum output voltage of the charging device, or the charging device cannot provide a stable current suitable for charging the series-connected battery packs, the series charging conditions are not met.

[0151] Exemplarily, after the battery management system obtains the output charging information of the charging device, it will judge whether the output charging information of the charging device meets the series charging conditions according to the number of battery packs already connected on the vehicle, the rated voltage of each battery pack, and the relevant requirements of series charging. If it is judged that the output charging information of the charging device does not meet the series charging conditions (for example, the maximum output voltage of the charging device is less than the total voltage after multiple battery packs are connected in series, or the charging device cannot provide a stable current suitable for charging the series-connected battery packs), the battery management system can determine the target charging voltage of the battery pack that has been connected according to factors such as the battery type, capacity, current power, and vehicle usage requirements of the connected battery packs.

[0152] In another example, the charging pile can judge whether the output charging information of the charging device meets the series charging conditions according to the received series charging conditions. If the charging pile judges that the output charging information of the charging device does not meet the series charging conditions (for example, the maximum output voltage of the charging device is less than the total voltage after multiple battery packs are connected in series, or the charging device cannot provide a stable current suitable for charging the series-connected battery packs), it can determine the target charging voltage of the battery pack that has been connected according to factors such as the battery type, capacity, current power, and vehicle usage requirements of the connected battery packs.

[0153] The above technical solution can automatically judge whether the current charging device meets the series charging conditions by responding to the connection with the charging device and obtaining its output charging information. If the series charging conditions are not met, parallel charging can be carried out, improving the charging flexibility.

[0154] In some possible implementations, the method further includes: When the output charging information meets the series charging condition, controlling multiple battery packs to be connected in series for charging.

[0155] Among them, series connection for charging means connecting multiple battery packs to the charging device in the order of positive and negative poles in sequence, so that they are connected in series as a whole and jointly receive the electric energy provided by the charging device. After series connection, the total voltage across the battery packs is the sum of the voltages of each battery pack, and the current passing through each battery pack is the same.

[0156] Exemplarily, when the vehicle establishes a connection with the charging device and obtains the output charging information, the battery management system on the vehicle will analyze and judge the output charging information of the charging device according to the number of battery packs, the rated voltage of each battery pack, and the preset series charging condition. If it is judged that the output charging information meets the series charging condition, a corresponding control instruction is generated to control the connection switch between the battery packs and the connection switch with the charging device, so as to realize the series connection of multiple battery packs for charging.

[0157] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the vehicle is usually equipped with a dedicated switching device for controlling the connection between the battery packs and the connection between the battery packs and the charging device. These switching devices can be electrical components such as relays and contactors. The battery management system sends the generated control instruction to the control circuit of the switching device, and the control circuit controls the on / off state of the switch according to the instruction. When series connection for charging is required, the battery management system will control the corresponding switch to close, so that multiple battery packs are connected end to end in sequence to form a series circuit, and the series circuit is connected to the charging device.

[0158] In one implementation, the above embodiments are illustrated by the following example. First, in response to the user's operation of inserting the charging gun into the charging interface of the vehicle, it is determined that the vehicle establishes a physical connection with the charging pile. In response to the electrical connection between the vehicle and the charging pile, that is, the communication is completed, it is identified from the insulation test at the charging pile end that the charging pile is a charging pile with an output lower than 1000V (here, taking parallel charging as an example, if it is series charging, it can be identified here that the charging pile can be a charging pile with an output of 1000V), for example, 500V, and the dual-bank battery pack of the vehicle is an 800V battery pack.

[0159] Further, assume that the electromotive force E2 of battery pack Bank2 is greater than the electromotive force E1 of battery pack Bank1, and E2 - E1 = ∆E (for example, 7V). At this time, first close the relay k1 on the charging circuit of battery pack Bank1, so as to charge battery pack Bank1 as the connected battery pack. Meanwhile, the target charging voltage can be determined according to the tolerance information of the relay of battery pack Bank2 preset, for example, or, according to the tolerance information of the relay of battery pack Bank2 preset and the preset matching voltage difference, for example, 3V, to determine the target charging voltage.

[0160] In the case of charging battery pack Bank1 as the connected battery pack, to shorten the charging time of battery pack Bank1 before parallel connection, a PI control charging circuit is adopted, so that the terminal voltage of battery pack Bank1 reaches the terminal voltage U2 of battery pack Bank2 (= E2, before closing) at the fastest speed. Of course, the limit of the charging current for charging battery pack Bank1 is subject to the charging current limit value of battery pack Bank1.

[0161] Further, during the charging process of charging battery pack Bank1 as the connected battery pack, when the condition is met, for example, when battery pack Bank1 reaches the target charging voltage, that is, the difference between the terminal voltage of battery pack Bank1 and the terminal voltage of battery pack Bank2 is equal to 3V, close the relay k2 on the charging circuit of battery pack Bank2. Furthermore, after the relay k2 is closed, enter the dual-Bank parallel charging. At this time, the charging current can be increased to the sum of the charging current limits allowed by battery pack Bank1 and battery pack Bank2 for charging until the user pulls out the charging gun, or battery pack Bank1 and battery pack Bank2 are fully charged, and the parallel charging process ends.

[0162] The above technical solution realizes the comprehensive improvement of charging efficiency, resource utilization rate and energy utilization rate by dynamically controlling the serial connection of battery packs when the serial charging condition is met.

[0163] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a charging device is further provided. Refer to Figure 5 as shown, including: A determination module 510, configured to determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack in response to establishing a connection with the charging device. The target charging voltage is determined according to the battery information of the connected battery pack and the battery information of the target battery pack, and the target battery pack is at least one of the battery packs not connected in parallel; A charging module 520, configured to charge the target battery pack and the connected battery pack according to the target charging voltage after the target battery pack is connected in parallel.

[0164] In some possible implementations, the determining module 510 includes: An obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain the tolerance information of the switching device corresponding to the target battery pack, where the switching device is a device for disconnecting or closing the charging circuit of the target battery pack; A voltage determining sub-module, configured to determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0165] In some possible implementations, the voltage determining sub-module is configured to: Determine a matching voltage difference according to the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack; Determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack according to the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the target battery pack.

[0166] In some possible implementations, the battery information includes resistance information, and the voltage determining sub-module is configured to: Determine the parallel resistance information according to the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the resistance information of the target battery pack; Determine the matching voltage difference according to the parallel resistance information and the tolerance information.

[0167] In some possible implementations, the charging module 520 includes: A determining sub-module, configured to determine target charging information according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; A charging sub-module, configured to charge the connected battery pack according to the target charging information.

[0168] In some possible implementations, the determining sub-module is configured to: Determine the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; Determine the target charging information according to the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle.

[0169] In some possible implementations, the charging sub-module is configured to: Determine the terminal voltage error between the actual charging terminal voltage of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed and the corresponding target charging terminal voltage; Determine the cumulative current error of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed; Determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the terminal voltage difference and the cumulative current error; Charge the connected battery pack according to the target charging current for the next charging cycle.

[0170] In some possible implementation manners, the charging sub-module is configured to: Determine a proportional response current according to the terminal voltage difference and a proportionality coefficient; Determine an integral response current according to the cumulative current error and an integral coefficient; Determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the proportional response current and the integral response current.

[0171] In some possible implementation manners, the charging module 520 is configured to: When the connected battery pack is charged to reach the target charging voltage, control the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack to close. In the closed state, the charging circuit of the target battery pack is connected in parallel to the charging device; After the target battery pack is connected in parallel, charge the target battery pack and the connected battery pack.

[0172] In some possible implementation manners, the determining module 510 is configured to: In response to establishing a connection with the charging device, obtain the output charging information of the charging device; If the output charging information does not meet the series charging condition, determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack.

[0173] In some possible implementation manners, the charging module 520 is further configured to: When the output charging information meets the series charging condition, control multiple battery packs to be connected in series for charging.

[0174] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a vehicle, including: A processor; A memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

[0175] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any one of the foregoing embodiments are implemented.

[0176] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is also provided a computer program product, including a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

[0177] Figure 6 FIG. 600 is a block diagram of a vehicle 600 shown according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, the vehicle 600 may be a hybrid vehicle, or a non-hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, or other types of vehicles. The vehicle 600 may be an autonomous vehicle, a semi-autonomous vehicle, or a non-autonomous vehicle.

[0178] Referring to Figure 6 , the vehicle 600 may include various subsystems. For example, the infotainment system 610, the perception system 620, the decision control system 630, the drive system 640, and the computing platform 650. Among them, the vehicle 600 may also include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem may include multiple components. In addition, each subsystem and each component of the vehicle 600 may be interconnected by wired or wireless means.

[0179] In some embodiments, the infotainment system 610 may include a communication system, an entertainment system, a navigation system, etc.

[0180] The perception system 620 may include several sensors for sensing information about the environment around the vehicle 600. For example, the perception system 620 may include a global positioning system (the global positioning system may be a GPS system, a Beidou system, or other positioning systems), an inertial measurement unit (IMU), lidar, millimeter wave radar, ultrasonic radar, and a camera device.

[0181] The decision control system 630 may include a computing system, a vehicle controller, a steering system, an accelerator, and a braking system.

[0182] The drive system 640 may include components that provide motive power for the vehicle 600. In one embodiment, the drive system 640 may include an engine, an energy source, a powertrain, and wheels. The engine may be one or a combination of an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, and an air compression engine. The engine can convert the energy provided by the energy source into mechanical energy.

[0183] Some or all functions of the vehicle 600 are controlled by the computing platform 650. The computing platform 650 may include at least one processor 651 and a memory 652. The processor 651 may execute instructions 653 stored in the memory 652.

[0184] The processor 651 can be any conventional processor, such as a commercially available CPU. The processor may also include, for example, a Graphic Process Unit (GPU), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a System on Chip (SOC), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or a combination thereof.

[0185] The memory 652 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0186] In addition to the instructions 653, the memory 652 can also store data, such as road maps, route information, data on the position, direction, speed, etc. of the vehicle. The data stored in the memory 652 can be used by the computing platform 650.

[0187] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor 651 can execute the instructions 653 to complete all or part of the steps of the above charging method.

[0188] Those skilled in the art can also understand that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps listed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. Whether such a function is implemented by hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design requirements of the entire system. Those skilled in the art can use various methods to implement the described function for each specific application, but such implementation should not be construed as exceeding the scope protected by the embodiments of the present application.

[0189] In addition, as used herein, the word "exemplary" is used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as advantageous over other aspects or designs. Rather, the word exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. As used herein, the term "or" is intended to mean an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless otherwise specified, or clear from the context, "X applies A or B" is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X applies A; X applies B; or X applies both A and B, then "X applies A or B" is satisfied under any one of the foregoing instances. Additionally, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context that it is referring to the singular form, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and the appended claims are generally understood to mean "one or more".

[0190] Likewise, although the present disclosure has been shown and described with respect to one or more implementations, equivalent variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the specification and drawings. The present disclosure includes all such modifications and variations and is limited only by the scope of the claims. Specifically with respect to the various functions performed by the components described above (e.g., elements, resources, etc.), unless otherwise indicated, the terms used to describe such components are intended to correspond to any component (functionally equivalent) that performs the specific function of the described component, even if not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure. Additionally, although a particular feature of the present disclosure may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such a feature may, as may be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application, be combined with one or more other features of other implementations. Further, with respect to the use of "comprises", "comprising", "has", "having", "includes", or variants thereof in the detailed description or claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "including".

[0191] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include known in the art or conventional technical means not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the appended claims.

[0192] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A charging method, characterized in that, Including: In response to establishing a connection with a charging device, determining a target charging voltage of a connected battery pack, where the target charging voltage is determined based on battery information of the connected battery pack and battery information of a target battery pack, and the target battery pack is at least one of the battery packs not connected in parallel; After connecting the target battery pack in parallel according to the target charging voltage, charging the target battery pack and the connected battery pack.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining of the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack includes: Obtaining tolerance information of a switching device corresponding to the target battery pack, where the switching device is a device for disconnecting or closing a charging circuit of the target battery pack; Determining the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack based on the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The determining of the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack based on the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack includes: Determining a matching voltage difference based on the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack; Determining the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack based on the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the target battery pack.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery information includes resistance information, and the determining of the matching voltage difference based on the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack includes: Determining parallel resistance information based on the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the resistance information of the target battery pack; Determining the matching voltage difference based on the parallel resistance information and the tolerance information.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tolerance information includes a tolerance current upper limit value.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: Determining target charging information based on the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; Charging the connected battery pack according to the target charging information.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The determining of the target charging information based on the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack includes: Determining a charging cycle and a target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle based on the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; Determining the target charging information based on the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The charging of the connected battery pack according to the target charging information includes: Determining a terminal voltage error between the actual charging terminal voltage of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed and the corresponding target charging terminal voltage; Determining an accumulated current error of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed; Determining a target charging current for the next charging cycle based on the terminal voltage difference and the accumulated current error; Charging the connected battery pack according to the target charging current for the next charging cycle.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The determining of the target charging current for the next charging cycle based on the terminal voltage difference and the accumulated current error includes: Determine a proportional response current based on the difference in terminal voltage and the proportionality coefficient; Determine an integral response current based on the cumulative current error and the integral coefficient; Determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle based on the proportional response current and the integral response current.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, After connecting in parallel to the target battery pack according to the target charging voltage, charging the target battery pack and the connected battery pack includes: When the connected battery pack is charged to the target charging voltage, control the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack to close. In the closed state, the charging circuit of the target battery pack is connected in parallel to the charging device; After connecting the target battery pack in parallel, charge the target battery pack and the connected battery pack.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Responding to establishing a connection with the charging device and determining the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack includes: Responding to establishing a connection with the charging device, obtain the output charging information of the charging device; If the output charging information does not meet the series charging condition, determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein The method further includes: When the output charging information meets the series charging condition, control multiple battery packs to be connected in series for charging.

13. A charging device, characterized in that, Includes: A determination module, configured to respond to establishing a connection with the charging device and determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack. The target charging voltage is determined based on the battery information of the connected battery pack and the battery information of the target battery pack. The target battery pack is at least one of the battery packs not connected in parallel; A charging module, configured to charge the target battery pack and the connected battery pack after connecting the target battery pack in parallel according to the target charging voltage.

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein, The determination module includes: An acquisition sub-module, configured to acquire the tolerance information of the switch device corresponding to the target battery pack. The switch device is a device used to disconnect or close the charging circuit of the target battery pack; A voltage determination sub-module, configured to determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack based on the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack.

15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The voltage determination sub-module is configured to: Determine a matching voltage difference based on the tolerance information, the battery information of the connected battery pack, and the battery information of the target battery pack; Determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack based on the matching voltage difference and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the target battery pack.

16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The battery information includes resistance information. The voltage determination sub-module is configured to: Determine the parallel resistance information based on the resistance information of the connected battery pack and the resistance information of the target battery pack; Determine the matching voltage difference based on the parallel resistance information and the tolerance information.

17. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The charging module includes: A determination sub-module, configured to determine target charging information based on the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; A charging sub-module, configured to charge the connected battery pack based on the target charging information.

18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The determining sub-module is configured to: Determine a charging cycle and a target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle according to the target charging voltage and the terminal voltage in the battery information of the connected battery pack; Determine the target charging information according to the charging cycle and the target charging terminal voltage corresponding to each charging cycle.

19. The device according to claim 18, wherein The charging sub-module is configured to: Determine the terminal voltage error between the actual charging terminal voltage of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed and the corresponding target charging terminal voltage; Determine the cumulative current error of the connected battery pack after each charging cycle is completed; Determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the terminal voltage difference and the cumulative current error; Charge the connected battery pack according to the target charging current for the next charging cycle.

20. The device according to claim 19, wherein, The charging sub-module is configured to: Determine a proportional response current according to the terminal voltage difference and a proportionality coefficient; Determine an integral response current according to the cumulative current error and an integral coefficient; Determine the target charging current for the next charging cycle according to the proportional response current and the integral response current.

21. The device according to any one of claims 13-20, characterized in that The charging module is configured to: When the connected battery pack is charged to the target charging voltage, control the closing of the switching device corresponding to the target battery pack. When the switching device is in the closed state, connect the charging circuit of the target battery pack in parallel to the charging device; After the target battery pack is connected in parallel, charge the target battery pack and the connected battery pack.

22. The device according to any one of claims 13-20, characterized in that The determining module is configured to: In response to establishing a connection with the charging device, obtain the output charging information of the charging device; If the output charging information does not meet the series charging condition, determine the target charging voltage of the connected battery pack.

23. The device according to claim 22, wherein The charging module is further configured to: When the output charging information meets the series charging condition, control multiple battery packs to be connected in series for charging.

24. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes: A processor; A memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-12.

25. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-12.

26. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-12.

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