A decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method

Abstract

This invention discloses a decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method, comprising the following steps: S1, treatment unit division: dividing households within a radius of 0.5–5 km into a treatment unit; S2, treatment unit construction: arranging a comprehensive ecological pond at the center of each treatment unit, arranging a purification tank next to each household within the treatment unit, and arranging several concentric purification rings in the middle of the treatment unit, with several micro-powered waterwheels installed on the purification rings; S3, water circulation system construction: S3-1, domestic sewage system construction; S3-2, surface sewage system construction; S4, steady operation. This invention proposes a sewage purification concept based on purification rings, utilizing several ring-shaped purification rings surrounding rural villages to achieve simultaneous and integrated treatment of surface sewage, agricultural irrigation wastewater, livestock wastewater, and garbage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a decentralized, micro-powered rural wastewater treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] Rural sewage includes domestic sewage and farmland irrigation wastewater, and its composition is relatively complex. Among them, farmland irrigation wastewater contains pesticides and compost wastewater that has not been treated in septic tanks. Domestic sewage is mainly treated by direct discharge and splashing.

[0003] Currently, most effective rural wastewater treatment methods employ a combination of biological, ecological, and physical technologies, including stabilization pond systems, anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic processes, membrane separation technology, constructed wetland systems, biological contact oxidation, land treatment, and earthworm biofilters. Since rural wastewater quality often fluctuates significantly, a single method cannot achieve good results. However, combined processes can improve wastewater treatment efficiency, increase water resource recovery rates, reduce investment costs, and improve the overall rural ecological environment.

[0004] However, combined treatment methods often require centralized treatment of sewage, while in reality, sewage from villages is very dispersed, and decentralized rural sewage treatment technologies still need to be improved. Patent publication number CN107500474B discloses a method and system for decentralized collection and treatment of rural domestic sewage, belonging to the field of sewage treatment. It includes a decentralized rural domestic sewage collection system and a decentralized rural domestic sewage treatment system. The decentralized collection system divides different areas based on the unique terrain of rural areas, using existing main and branch canals to collect sewage into sewage tanks for storage. The sewage in the sewage tanks is periodically treated by the decentralized rural domestic sewage treatment system, using a pre-installed pump to lift it to a fixed or vehicle-mounted integrated device (primary sedimentation tank, sand filter, anaerobic tank, contact oxidation tank, inclined tube sedimentation tank) to remove large amounts of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The effluent is retained in a secondary horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland system for further absorption of trace nitrogen and phosphorus elements. The constructed wetland system enhances the local aesthetics and has environmental purification characteristics. This method features high resistance to shock loads, strong treatment capacity, short process flow, small system footprint, and good treatment effect. However, this patent does not adequately optimize the decentralized sewage collection and concentration process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a decentralized micro-powered rural wastewater treatment method.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0007] A decentralized, micro-powered rural wastewater treatment method includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Processing Unit Division: Divide the households within a radius of 0.5 to 5 km into one processing unit;

[0009] S2. Construction of the treatment unit: A comprehensive ecological pond is set up in the center of the treatment unit. The comprehensive ecological pond includes an anaerobic treatment pond and an artificial wetland pond located on one side of the anaerobic treatment pond. The end of the anaerobic treatment pond is connected to the artificial wetland pond. A drainage pump is set up in the middle of the end of the artificial wetland pond. A purification tank is set up next to each household in the treatment unit. Several purification rings are set up in the middle of the treatment unit. The water outlet of each purification tank is connected to the anaerobic treatment pond through a pipe. The artificial wetland pond is connected to the purification ring through a pipe. The top of the purification ring is provided with an opening for collecting surface sewage. Several micro-powered water wheels are set on the purification ring.

[0010] S3. Water circulation system construction:

[0011] S3-1. Construction of domestic sewage system: The domestic sewage of residents is pretreated and purified through the purification tank. The pretreated domestic sewage is then diverted to the anaerobic treatment tank for deep purification and then enters the artificial wetland pond.

[0012] S3-2, Surface wastewater system construction: Surface wastewater, farmland irrigation wastewater, livestock wastewater and garbage are discharged into the purification loop. At the same time, water that has been preliminarily purified in the artificial wetland pond is used as diversion water and injected into the purification loop through a drainage pump. The water in the purification loop is injected into the anaerobic treatment pond. The water that has been deeply purified in the artificial wetland pond is discharged into the nearby river.

[0013] S4. Steady operation: Alternately turn on the micro-powered water turbine to make the water inside the purification ring flow at a speed of 0.5 to 2 m / s.

[0014] Furthermore, the purification tank is a buried PE purification tank. When the radius of the treatment unit r < 1 km, there is one purification loop; when 1 ≤ r < 3 km, there are two purification loops; and when 3 ≤ r < 5 km, there are three purification loops.

[0015] Note: The number of purification loops should be adjusted according to the size of the processing unit to achieve the best purification effect.

[0016] Furthermore, a water quality monitor is installed every 0.5 to 2 km along the purification loop to monitor the water quality in real time. In S4, when the suspended solids content in the water of the purification loop is >300 mg / L, COD is >450 mg / L, and total phosphorus is >90 mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine and the pumping speed of the drainage pump are increased to make the water flow velocity inside the purification loop reach 1.5 to 2 m / s. When the suspended solids content in the water of the purification loop is <100 mg / L, COD is <100 mg / L, and total phosphorus is <3 mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine and the pumping speed of the drainage pump are decreased to make the water flow velocity inside the purification loop reach 0.5 to 1 m / s.

[0017] Explanation: By monitoring pollutant concentration in real time, the water flow rate in the purification loop can be adjusted to reduce energy consumption while ensuring purification effectiveness.

[0018] Furthermore, the micro-powered water turbines are installed every 100 to 1000 meters, and each micro-powered water turbine is divided into two groups: a daytime group and a nighttime group. The daytime group and the nighttime group are set up alternately. When the micro-powered water turbines of the daytime group are turned on, the micro-powered water turbines of the nighttime group perform power recovery, and when the micro-powered water turbines of the nighttime group are turned on, the micro-powered water turbines of the daytime group perform power recovery, with an alternation time of 12 hours.

[0019] Note: Low energy consumption is achieved through an alternating micro-powered water turbine operation mode.

[0020] Furthermore, the micro-powered water turbine includes an annular water turbine disc located inside the purification ring channel. Several guide plates are evenly spaced on the outer surface of the annular water turbine disc. A fixed disc is located in the center of the annular water turbine disc. The fixed disc is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular water turbine disc via several connecting rods. A rotating shaft is located in the center of the fixed disc. A motor unit is connected to each end of the rotating shaft. Solar panels are mounted on the top of both motor units. The output ends of the drive motors inside the two motor units are connected to the two rotating shafts one-to-one. A power recovery device is located on one side of the drive motor, and a battery is located at the bottom of the drive motor. The battery is electrically connected to the solar panels and the power recovery device. A wind turbine is mounted on each side of the guide plate via a spring shaft.

[0021] Note: By optimizing the internal structure of the micro-powered water turbine, kinetic energy recovery is achieved, meeting the requirements of low energy consumption in micro-powered systems.

[0022] Furthermore, a filter assembly is installed every 1-3 km along the purification loop. Each filter assembly has two parallel locking blocks on its top, which are detachably engaged with slots on either side of the opening in the purification loop. A first filter is located at the bottom of the locking block at the front end of the water flow direction, and a second filter is located at the bottom of the locking block at the rear end of the water flow direction. The bottoms of the first and second filter screens are fixedly connected by a sealing plate. The mesh size of the first filter screen is 10-15 cm. 2 The mesh size of the second filter is 2-5cm. 2 .

[0023] Note: The filter assembly enables the recycling of waste in the purification loop, achieving integrated treatment of waste and sewage.

[0024] Furthermore, the constructed wetland includes an adsorption tank in the middle and biological tanks on both sides of the adsorption tank. The effluent end of the anaerobic treatment tank is connected to the adsorption tank. The adsorption tank has several adsorption reaction zones for preliminary purification of the anaerobic wastewater. Each adsorption reaction zone has a first packing layer at the bottom. The first packing layer includes, from bottom to top, a gravel layer, a quartz sand layer, and a zeolite layer. Aquatic plants are planted on top of the first packing layer. The end of the adsorption tank is connected to two biological tanks through two guide pipes. The biological tank has several biological contact zones for deep purification of wastewater. Each biological contact zone has a second packing layer at the bottom. The second packing layer includes, from bottom to top, a volcanic rock layer, a ceramsite layer, and an activated carbon layer. Aquatic plants are planted on top of the second packing layer.

[0025] Explanation: By dividing the internal area of ​​the integrated ecological pond, wastewater can be treated in a targeted manner.

[0026] Furthermore, sludge from the anoxic tank of a wastewater treatment plant is introduced into the biological contact zone. The sludge concentration is <1g / L, and biofilm is formed under normal temperature and static conditions for 1-2 days. The thickness of the gravel layer, quartz sand layer, and zeolite layer is 10-30cm, and the particle size is 2-6cm. The thickness of the volcanic rock layer, ceramsite layer, and activated carbon layer is 5-15cm, and the particle size is 0.2-1cm. The aquatic plants in the adsorption reaction zone are emergent plants, and the aquatic plants in the biological contact zone are submerged plants.

[0027] Note: By optimizing the particle size of the packing material in the two packing layers, different levels of purification can be achieved, minimizing frequent packing material replacement while ensuring good purification performance.

[0028] Furthermore, the drainage pump is located at the end of the adsorption tank and injects the water in the adsorption tank into the purification loop, while the effluent from the end of the biological tank is discharged into a nearby river.

[0029] Explanation: By using the pre-purified water in the adsorption tank as the guide water in the purification loop, the flow of sewage and impurities inside the purification loop can be ensured, as well as the removal of odors. Furthermore, the pre-purified guide water will undergo further purification after circulation, thereby improving the overall treatment effect.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0031] (1) This invention first proposed the concept of wastewater purification through a purification ring. It utilizes several purification rings surrounding rural villages to achieve simultaneous and integrated treatment of surface sewage, farmland irrigation wastewater, livestock wastewater, and garbage. Together with the purification tanks connected to households and the comprehensive ecological pond at the center of the treatment unit, a complete wastewater treatment system is formed. It can treat different types of wastewater in a targeted manner. After preliminary purification and deep purification, it can achieve low-pollution discharge. It has outstanding performance, especially when applied to rural households with relatively scattered residences and complex surface pollution.

[0032] (2) The present invention proposes specific structures for related integrated ecological ponds, micro-powered water turbines, filter screen components, etc., so that the entire treatment unit can have a certain aesthetic appeal and ease of operation while ensuring good sewage treatment effect, and save energy. It has strong practicality and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the processing unit in Embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated ecological pond structure;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption cell structure;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the biological pool structure;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a micro-powered water turbine;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a front view of the micro-powered water turbine of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the water guide plate of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a front view of the filter assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a side view of the filter assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the processing unit in Embodiment 2.

[0043] Among them, 1-Comprehensive ecological pond, 11-Drainage pump, 2-Purification tank, 3-Purification loop, 31-Card slot, 4-Anaerobic treatment pond, 5-Artificial wetland pond, 51-Adsorption pond, 52-Biological pond, 53-Adsorption reaction zone, 54-First packing layer, 55-Biological contact zone, 56-Second packing layer, 57-Guide pipe, 6-Micro-powered waterwheel, 61-Annular waterwheel disc, 62-Water guide plate, 63-Fixed disc, 64-Connecting rod, 65-Rotating shaft, 66-Spring shaft, 67-Wind turbine plate, 7-Motor unit, 71-Solar panel, 72-Drive motor, 73-Power recovery device, 74-Battery, 8-Filter screen assembly, 81-Card block, 82-First filter screen, 83-Second filter screen, 84-Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Example 1: A decentralized micro-powered rural wastewater treatment method, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. Processing unit division: such as Figure 1 As shown, residents within a radius of 3km are divided into a processing unit;

[0046] S2. Treatment Unit Construction: A comprehensive ecological pond 1 is set up in the center of the treatment unit. The comprehensive ecological pond 1 includes an anaerobic treatment pond 4 and an artificial wetland pond 5 located on one side of the anaerobic treatment pond 4. The end of the anaerobic treatment pond 4 is connected to the artificial wetland pond 5. A drainage pump 11 is set up in the middle of the end of the artificial wetland pond 5. A purification tank 2 is set up next to each household in the treatment unit. The purification tank 2 is an integrated buried PE purification tank produced by Zhengling Machinery. The anaerobic treatment pond 4 is an integrated anaerobic sewage treatment equipment produced by Qingyang Environmental Protection. Three rings of purification channels 3 are set up in the center of the treatment unit. The outlet of each purification tank 2 is connected to the anaerobic treatment pond 4 through pipes. The artificial wetland pond 5 is connected to the purification channels 3 through pipes. The top of the purification channels 3 is provided with an opening for collecting surface sewage. 10, 20 and 28 micro-power water wheels 6 are set up on the three purification channels 3 from the inside to the outside, respectively.

[0047] Every 1 km along the purification loop 3, there is a water quality monitor for real-time monitoring of the water quality within the purification loop 3. The water quality monitor is a commercially available water quality monitor and it monitors the water quality within the purification loop 3 in real time.

[0048] like Figures 5-7As shown, the micro-powered water turbine 6 includes an annular water turbine disk 61 located inside the purification ring channel 3. Twelve water guide plates 62 are evenly spaced on the outer side of the annular water turbine disk 61. A fixed disk 63 is located in the middle of the annular water turbine disk 61. The fixed disk 63 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular water turbine disk 61 by three connecting rods 64. A rotating shaft 65 is located in the middle of the fixed disk 63. A motor unit 7 is connected to each end of the rotating shaft 65. A solar panel 71 is located on the top of each of the two motor units 7. The output ends of the drive motors 72 inside the two motor units 7 are connected to the two rotating shafts 65 one-to-one. The drive motors 72 are commercially available gear reduction motors. A power recovery device 73 is located on one side of the drive motor 72. The power recovery device 73 is a commercially available kinetic energy recovery unit. A battery 74 is located at the bottom of the drive motor 72. The battery 74 is electrically connected to the solar panel 71 and the power recovery device 73. A wind turbine 67 is located on each side of the water guide plate 62 via a spring shaft 66. Both the solar panel 71 and the battery 74 are commercially available products.

[0049] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a filter assembly 8 is installed every 2km along the purification loop 3. The top of each filter assembly 8 has two parallel locking blocks 81, which are detachably engaged with slots 31 on either side of the opening of the purification loop 3. A first filter 82 is located at the bottom of the locking block 81 at the front end of the water flow direction, and a second filter 83 is located at the bottom of the locking block 81 at the rear end of the water flow direction. The bottoms of the first filter 82 and the second filter 83 are fixedly connected by a sealing plate 84. The mesh size of the first filter 82 is 12cm. 2 The mesh size of the second filter screen 83 is 3cm. 2 ;

[0050] like Figures 2-4As shown, the constructed wetland pond 5 includes an adsorption pond 51 in the middle and biological ponds 52 on both sides of the adsorption pond 51. The effluent end of the anaerobic treatment pond 4 is connected to the adsorption pond 51. The adsorption pond 51 has four adsorption reaction zones 53 for the preliminary purification of anaerobic wastewater. Each adsorption reaction zone 53 has a first packing layer 54 at the bottom. The first packing layer 54 includes a gravel layer, a quartz sand layer, and a zeolite layer from bottom to top. Emergent plants are planted above the first packing layer 54. The end of the adsorption pond 51 is connected to two biological ponds 52 through two guide pipes 57. The biological ponds 52 have four adsorption reaction zones 53 for the preliminary purification of anaerobic wastewater. In the biological contact zone 55 for deep purification of sewage, each biological contact zone 55 is provided with a second packing layer 56 at the bottom. The second packing layer 56 includes, from bottom to top, a volcanic rock layer, a ceramsite layer, and an activated carbon layer. Submerged plants are planted on top of the second packing layer 56. Sludge from the anoxic tank of the sewage treatment plant is introduced into the biological contact zone 55. The sludge concentration is 0.5 g / L. The biofilm is formed for 2 days under normal temperature and static conditions. The gravel layer, quartz sand layer, and zeolite layer are all 20 cm thick and have a particle size of 2-4 cm. The volcanic rock layer, ceramsite layer, and activated carbon layer are all 10 cm thick and have a particle size of 0.2-0.5 cm.

[0051] S3. Water circulation system construction:

[0052] S3-1, Construction of domestic sewage system: The domestic sewage of residents is pretreated and purified by the purification tank 2. The pretreated domestic sewage is then diverted to the anaerobic treatment tank 4 for deep purification and then enters the artificial wetland tank 5.

[0053] S3-2, Surface wastewater system construction: Surface wastewater, farmland irrigation wastewater, livestock wastewater and garbage are discharged into the purification loop 3. At the same time, the water that has been preliminarily purified in the artificial wetland pond 5 is used as diversion water and injected into the purification loop 3 through the drainage pump 11. The drainage pump 11 is located at the end of the adsorption tank 51 and injects the water in the adsorption tank 51 into the purification loop 3. The water in the purification loop 3 is then injected into the anaerobic treatment tank 4. The effluent from the end of the biological tank 52 in the artificial wetland pond 5 after deep purification is discharged into the nearby river.

[0054] S4. Steady Operation: Alternately activate the micro-powered water turbine 6 to allow water to flow inside the purification ring channel 3 at a speed of 0.6–1.6 m / s. Specifically, when the suspended solids content in the water inside the purification ring channel 3 is >300 mg / L, COD is >450 mg / L, and total phosphorus is >90 mg / L, increase the speed of the micro-powered water turbine 6 and the pumping speed of the drainage pump 11 to achieve a water flow speed of 1.6 m / s inside the purification ring channel 3. When the suspended solids content in the water inside the purification ring channel 3 is <100 mg / L, COD is <100 mg / L, and total phosphorus is <3 mg / L, decrease the speed of the micro-powered water turbine 6 and the pumping speed of the drainage pump 11 to achieve a water flow speed of 0.6 m / s inside the purification ring channel 3.

[0055] The micro-powered water turbine 6 is installed every 500m, and each micro-powered water turbine 6 is divided into two groups: a daytime group and a nighttime group. The daytime group and the nighttime group are set up alternately. When the micro-powered water turbine 6 of the daytime group is turned on, the micro-powered water turbine 6 of the nighttime group performs power recovery, and when the micro-powered water turbine 6 of the nighttime group is turned on, the micro-powered water turbine 6 of the daytime group performs power recovery. The alternation time is 12 hours.

[0056] Example 2: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in S1, the residents within a radius of 0.5km are divided into one processing unit;

[0057] In S2, such as Figure 10 As shown, a purification ring 3 is arranged in the middle of the treatment unit, and 18 micro-powered water turbines 6 are installed on the purification ring 3, with one micro-powered water turbine 6 installed every 100m.

[0058] Example 3: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in S1, the residents within a radius of 2km are divided into one processing unit;

[0059] In S2, two rings of purification channels 3 are arranged in the middle of the treatment unit. From the inside to the outside, there are 13 and 26 micro-powered water turbines 6 respectively on the two purification channels 3. One micro-powered water turbine 6 is set every 300m.

[0060] Example 4: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in S1, the residents within a radius of 4km are divided into one processing unit;

[0061] In S2, three rings of purification channels 3 are arranged in the middle of the treatment unit. From the inside to the outside, there are 12, 20 and 28 micro-powered water turbines 6 respectively on the three purification channels 3. One micro-powered water turbine 6 is set every 700m.

[0062] Example 5: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that in S1, the residents within a radius of 5km are divided into one processing unit;

[0063] In S2, three rings of purification channels 3 are arranged in the middle of the treatment unit. From the inside to the outside, the three purification channels 3 are equipped with 8, 16 and 25 micro-powered water turbines 6 respectively. One micro-powered water turbine 6 is set every 1000m.

[0064] Note: The number of purification loops is adjusted according to the radius of the treatment unit. When the radius of the treatment unit r < 1km, there is 1 purification loop 3; when 1 ≤ r < 3km, there are 2 purification loops 3; and when 3 ≤ r < 5km, there are 3 purification loops 3.

[0065] Example 6: This example differs from Example 1 in that a water quality monitor is installed every 0.5 km along the purification ring 3 to monitor the water quality in the purification ring 3 in real time. In S4, the micro-powered water turbine 6 is alternately turned on to make the water inside the purification ring 3 flow at a speed of 0.5 to 1.5 m / s. Specifically, when the suspended solids content in the water inside the purification ring 3 is >300 mg / L, COD is >450 mg / L, and total phosphorus is >90 mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine 6 and the pumping speed of the drainage pump 11 are increased to make the water flow speed inside the purification ring 3 reach 1.5 m / s. When the suspended solids content in the water inside the purification ring 3 is <100 mg / L, COD is <100 mg / L, and total phosphorus is <3 mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine 6 and the pumping speed of the drainage pump 11 are decreased to make the water flow speed inside the purification ring 3 reach 0.5 m / s.

[0066] Example 7: This example differs from Example 1 in that a water quality monitor is installed every 2 km along the purification ring 3 to monitor the water quality in the purification ring 3 in real time. In S4, the micro-powered water turbine 6 is alternately turned on to make the water inside the purification ring 3 flow at a speed of 1-2 m / s. Specifically, when the suspended solids content in the water inside the purification ring 3 is >300 mg / L, COD is >450 mg / L, and total phosphorus is >90 mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine 6 and the pumping speed of the drainage pump 11 are increased to make the water flow speed inside the purification ring 3 reach 2 m / s. When the suspended solids content in the water inside the purification ring 3 is <100 mg / L, COD is <100 mg / L, and total phosphorus is <3 mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine 6 and the pumping speed of the drainage pump 11 are decreased to make the water flow speed inside the purification ring 3 reach 1 m / s.

[0067] Note: The installation interval of the water quality monitor is proportional to the length of the purification loop 3.

[0068] Example 8: This example differs from Example 1 in that a filter assembly 8 is installed every 1 km along the purification loop 3. The top of the filter assembly 8 has two parallel locking blocks 81, which are detachably engaged with slots 31 on both sides of the opening of the purification loop 3. A first filter 82 is located at the bottom of the locking block 81 at the front end of the water flow direction, and a second filter 83 is located at the bottom of the locking block 81 at the rear end of the water flow direction. The bottoms of the first filter 82 and the second filter 83 are fixedly connected by a sealing plate 84. The mesh size of the first filter 82 is 10 cm. 2 The mesh size of the second filter screen 83 is 2cm. 2 .

[0069] Example 9: This example differs from Example 1 in that a filter assembly 8 is installed every 3 km along the purification loop 3. The top of the filter assembly 8 has two parallel locking blocks 81, which are detachably engaged with slots 31 on both sides of the opening of the purification loop 3. A first filter 82 is located at the bottom of the locking block 81 at the front end in the water flow direction, and a second filter 83 is located at the bottom of the locking block 81 at the rear end in the water flow direction. The bottoms of the first filter 82 and the second filter 83 are fixedly connected by a sealing plate 84. The mesh size of the first filter 82 is 15 cm. 2 The mesh size of the second filter screen 83 is 5cm. 2 .

[0070] Note: The spacing of the filter assembly 8 is proportional to the length of the purification loop 3.

[0071] Example 10: This example differs from Example 1 in that the adsorption tank 51 has three adsorption reaction zones 53 for the preliminary purification of anaerobic wastewater, and the biological tank 52 has three biological contact zones 55 for the deep purification of wastewater. Sludge from the anoxic tank of the wastewater treatment plant is introduced into the biological contact zones 55. The sludge concentration is 0.8 g / L. The biofilm is formed for 1 day under normal temperature and static conditions. The thickness of the gravel layer, quartz sand layer, and zeolite layer is 10 cm, and the particle size is 2-6 cm. The thickness of the volcanic rock layer, ceramsite layer, and activated carbon layer is 5 cm, and the particle size is 0.2-1 cm.

[0072] Example 11: This example differs from Example 1 in that the adsorption tank 51 has 5 adsorption reaction zones 53 for the preliminary purification of anaerobic wastewater, and the biological tank 52 has 5 biological contact zones 55 for the deep purification of wastewater. Sludge from the anoxic tank of the wastewater treatment plant is introduced into the biological contact zones 55. The sludge concentration is 0.6 g / L. The biofilm is formed for 2 days under normal temperature and static conditions. The thickness of the gravel layer, quartz sand layer, and zeolite layer is 30 cm, and the particle size is 4-6 cm. The thickness of the volcanic rock layer, ceramsite layer, and activated carbon layer is 15 cm, and the particle size is 0.6-1 cm.

[0073] Example 12: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that 15 water guide plates 62 are provided at equal intervals on the outer side of the annular water turbine 61, and the fixed plate 63 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the annular water turbine 61 by 4 connecting rods 64.

[0074] Example 13: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that 20 water guide plates 62 are provided at equal intervals on the outer side of the annular water turbine 61, and the fixed plate 63 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the annular water turbine 61 by 5 connecting rods 64.

[0075] Note: The number of water guide plates 62 should be adjusted according to the size of the annular water turbine 61. The larger the annular water turbine 61 is, the more water guide plates 62 should be installed.

[0076] Working principle: The working principle of the micro-powered water turbine 6 of the present invention will be briefly explained below in conjunction with the method of the present invention.

[0077] When S3 is performed, the micro-powered water turbine 6 of the daytime group is turned on. The power source is selected reasonably according to the usage needs. Taking Example 1 as an example, if the pollution is relatively light at this time, that is, when the suspended solids content in the water in the purification ring channel 3 is <100mg / L, COD is <100mg / L, and total phosphorus is <3mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine 6 and the pumping speed of the drainage pump 11 are reduced so that the water flow speed inside the purification ring channel 3 reaches 0.6 / s. Then, a solar power source can be used. The solar panel 71 continuously charges the storage battery 74, thereby using the power of the storage battery 74 to drive the drive motor 72 to operate, thereby driving the two rotating shafts 65 to rotate, thereby driving the fixed disk 63 and the annular water turbine disk 61 to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the propulsion of the water flow inside the purification ring channel 3 and realizing the circulation of the water flow inside the purification ring channel 3.

[0078] If the pollution is severe, i.e., when the suspended solids content in the water of the purification ring channel 3 is >300mg / L, COD is >450mg / L, and total phosphorus is >90mg / L, the speed of the micro-power water turbine 6 and the pumping speed of the drainage pump 11 are increased to make the water flow velocity inside the purification ring channel 3 reach 1.6m / s. Or, when it is cloudy and there is insufficient sunlight, the drive motor 72 is turned on by the external power supply, thereby driving the two rotating shafts 65 to rotate, thereby driving the fixed disk 63 and the annular water turbine disk 61 to rotate synchronously, so as to realize the propulsion of the water flow inside the purification ring channel 3 and realize the circulation of the water flow inside the purification ring channel 3.

[0079] When the micro-powered water turbine 6 of the daytime group is turned on, the micro-powered water turbine 6 of the nighttime group performs power recovery. The power recovery device 73 charges the battery 74 to achieve auxiliary power supply for the daytime solar power supply mode.

[0080] Working principle of filter assembly 8: When in use, the garbage inside the purification loop 3 enters the filter assembly 8 through the first filter 82 and is blocked by the second filter 83. After a period of time, the garbage stored inside can be removed by extracting the entire filter assembly 8.

[0081] Experimental Example: To further illustrate the methods and effects of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with experiments.

[0082] The experimental site was a rural area in western China. This region has an incomplete sewage collection network, lacks a sewage treatment system, has a weak sewage handling capacity, and is considered to have minimal environmental impact. It also boasts abundant renewable solar and wind energy resources. However, nearby sewage treatment plants are located far away, and their facilities are inadequate. Therefore, this study aimed to improve and optimize the treatment in this area. The divided treatment unit had a radius of approximately 2.75 km and consisted of two ring purification channels 3, located at radii of 2.01 km and 1.15 km respectively. The area housed 45 households. After 10 days of stable operation, the treatment effects on domestic sewage and surface wastewater were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0083] Table 1 Wastewater Treatment Status

[0084] pollutants Average removal rate of domestic sewage (%) Average removal rate of surface wastewater (%) COD 86.3 90.4 BOD 89.2 94.1 TP 81.3 90.2 <![CDATA[NH3-N]]> 79.6 88.4

[0085] The average removal rate refers to the comparison between the pollutant content detected at the effluent end of biological tank 52 and the initial content of domestic sewage or surface wastewater. Surface wastewater has a higher initial pollutant content, resulting in a higher removal rate, and both meet the standards for dryland crops and discharge standards in the Agricultural Irrigation Water Quality Standard (GB5084-2021).

Claims

1. A decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Processing Unit Division: Divide the households within a radius of 0.5 to 5 km into one processing unit; S2. Construction of the treatment unit: A comprehensive ecological pond (1) is set up in the center of the treatment unit. The comprehensive ecological pond (1) includes an anaerobic treatment pond (4) and an artificial wetland pond (5) located on one side of the anaerobic treatment pond (4). The end of the anaerobic treatment pond (4) is connected to the artificial wetland pond (5). A drainage pump (11) is provided in the middle of the end of the artificial wetland pond (5). A purification tank (2) is set up next to each household in the treatment unit. Several rings of purification channels (3) are set up in the middle of the treatment unit. The outlet of each purification tank (2) is connected to the anaerobic treatment pond (4) through a pipe. The artificial wetland pond (5) is connected to the purification channel (3) through a pipe. The top of the purification channel (3) is provided with an opening for collecting surface sewage. Several micro-powered water wheels (6) are provided on the purification channel (3). S3. Water circulation system construction: S3-1, Construction of domestic sewage system: The domestic sewage of the residents is pretreated and purified by the purification tank (2), and the pretreated domestic sewage is diverted to the anaerobic treatment tank (4) for deep purification and then enters the artificial wetland tank (5). S3-2, Surface wastewater system construction: Surface wastewater, farmland irrigation wastewater, livestock wastewater and garbage are discharged into the purification ring (3), while the water that has been preliminarily purified in the artificial wetland pond (5) is used as diversion water and injected into the purification ring (3) through the drainage pump (11), and the water in the purification ring (3) is injected into the anaerobic treatment pond (4), and the water that has been deeply purified in the artificial wetland pond (5) is discharged into the nearby river. S4. Steady operation: Alternately turn on the micro-powered water turbine (6) to make the water inside the purification ring channel (3) flow at a speed of 0.5 to 2 m / s.

2. The decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purification tank (2) is a buried PE purification tank. When the radius of the treatment unit r < 1km, there is one purification loop (3). When 1 ≤ r < 3km, there are two purification loops (3). When 3 ≤ r < 5km, there are three purification loops (3).

3. The decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water quality monitor is installed every 0.5 to 2 km along the purification ring (3) to monitor the water quality in the purification ring (3) in real time. In S4, when the suspended solids content in the water of the purification ring (3) is >300 mg / L, COD is >450 mg / L, and total phosphorus is >90 mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine (6) and the pumping speed of the drainage pump (11) are increased so that the water flow velocity inside the purification ring (3) reaches 1.5 to 2 m / s. When the suspended solids content in the water of the purification ring (3) is <100 mg / L, COD is <100 mg / L, and total phosphorus is <3 mg / L, the speed of the micro-powered water turbine (6) and the pumping speed of the drainage pump (11) are decreased so that the water flow velocity inside the purification ring (3) reaches 0.5 to 1 m / s.

4. The decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-powered water turbines (6) are installed every 100 to 1000 m. Each micro-powered water turbine (6) is divided into two groups: a daytime group and a nighttime group. The daytime group and the nighttime group are set up alternately. When the micro-powered water turbine (6) of the daytime group is turned on, the micro-powered water turbine (6) of the nighttime group performs power recovery. When the micro-powered water turbine (6) of the nighttime group is turned on, the micro-powered water turbine (6) of the daytime group performs power recovery. The alternation time is 12 hours.

5. The decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-powered water turbine (6) includes an annular water turbine disc (61) located inside the purification ring channel (3). Several guide plates (62) are evenly spaced on the outer surface of the annular water turbine disc (61). A fixed disc (63) is located in the center of the annular water turbine disc (61). The fixed disc (63) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular water turbine disc (61) by several connecting rods (64). A rotating shaft (65) is located in the center of the fixed disc (63). A motor unit (7) is connected to each end of the rotating shaft (65). The top of each motor unit (7) is equipped with a solar panel (71). The output end of the drive motor (72) inside the two motor units (7) is connected to the two rotating shafts (65) one by one. A power recovery device (73) is provided on one side of the drive motor (72). A storage battery (74) is provided at the bottom of the drive motor (72). The storage battery (74) is electrically connected to the solar panel (71) and the power recovery device (73). A wind turbine (67) is provided on each side of the water guide plate (62) through a spring shaft (66).

6. The decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter assembly (8) is installed every 1 to 3 km along the purification loop (3). The filter assembly (8) has two side-by-side locking blocks (81) on its top. The two locking blocks (81) are detachably engaged with the locking slots (31) on both sides of the opening of the purification loop (3). The bottom of the locking block (81) located at the front end in the water flow direction has a first filter (82), and the bottom of the locking block (81) located at the rear end in the water flow direction has a second filter (83). The bottoms of the first filter (82) and the second filter (83) are fixedly connected by a sealing plate (84). The mesh size of the first filter (82) is 10 to 15 cm. 2 The mesh size of the second filter (83) is 2-5 cm. 2 .

7. The decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constructed wetland pond (5) includes an adsorption pond (51) in the middle and biological ponds (52) on both sides of the adsorption pond (51). The effluent end of the anaerobic treatment pond (4) is connected to the adsorption pond (51). The adsorption pond (51) is provided with several adsorption reaction zones (53) for the preliminary purification of wastewater after anaerobic treatment. Each adsorption reaction zone (53) has a first packing layer (54) at the bottom. The first packing layer (54) includes a gravel layer, a quartz sand layer, and a zeolite layer from bottom to top. Aquatic plants are planted above the first packing layer (54). The end of the adsorption tank (51) is connected to the two biological tanks (52) through two guide pipes (57). The biological tank (52) is provided with several biological contact zones (55) for deep purification of sewage. Each biological contact zone (55) is provided with a second packing layer (56) at the bottom. The second packing layer (56) includes a volcanic rock layer, a ceramic particle layer and an activated carbon layer from bottom to top. Aquatic plants are planted above the second packing layer (56).

8. A decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The biological contact zone (55) is introduced with sludge from the anoxic pool of the sewage treatment plant. The sludge concentration is <1g / L. The biofilm is attached for 1-2 days under normal temperature and static conditions. The gravel layer, quartz sand layer and zeolite layer are all 10-30cm thick and 2-6cm in diameter. The volcanic rock layer, ceramsite layer and activated carbon layer are all 5-15cm thick and 0.2-1cm in diameter. The aquatic plants in the adsorption reaction zone (53) are emergent plants, and the aquatic plants in the biological contact zone (55) are submerged plants.

9. A decentralized micro-powered rural sewage treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drainage pump (11) is located at the end of the adsorption tank (51) and injects the water in the adsorption tank (51) into the purification loop (3). The effluent from the end of the biological tank (52) is discharged into a nearby river.

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